Add lzip.

3rdparty/lzlib-1.12/README

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+Description
+
+Lzlib is a data compression library providing in-memory LZMA compression and
+decompression functions, including integrity checking of the decompressed
+data. The compressed data format used by the library is the lzip format.
+Lzlib is written in C.
+
+The lzip file format is designed for data sharing and long-term archiving,
+taking into account both data integrity and decoder availability:
+
+   * The lzip format provides very safe integrity checking and some data
+     recovery means. The program lziprecover can repair bit flip errors
+     (one of the most common forms of data corruption) in lzip files, and
+     provides data recovery capabilities, including error-checked merging
+     of damaged copies of a file.
+
+   * The lzip format is as simple as possible (but not simpler). The lzip
+     manual provides the source code of a simple decompressor along with a
+     detailed explanation of how it works, so that with the only help of the
+     lzip manual it would be possible for a digital archaeologist to extract
+     the data from a lzip file long after quantum computers eventually
+     render LZMA obsolete.
+
+   * Additionally the lzip reference implementation is copylefted, which
+     guarantees that it will remain free forever.
+
+A nice feature of the lzip format is that a corrupt byte is easier to repair
+the nearer it is from the beginning of the file. Therefore, with the help of
+lziprecover, losing an entire archive just because of a corrupt byte near
+the beginning is a thing of the past.
+
+The functions and variables forming the interface of the compression library
+are declared in the file 'lzlib.h'. Usage examples of the library are given
+in the files 'bbexample.c', 'ffexample.c', and 'main.c' from the source
+distribution.
+
+Compression/decompression is done by repeatedly calling a couple of
+read/write functions until all the data have been processed by the library.
+This interface is safer and less error prone than the traditional zlib
+interface.
+
+Compression/decompression is done when the read function is called. This
+means the value returned by the position functions will not be updated until
+a read call, even if a lot of data are written. If you want the data to be
+compressed in advance, just call the read function with a size equal to 0.
+
+If all the data to be compressed are written in advance, lzlib will
+automatically adjust the header of the compressed data to use the largest
+dictionary size that does not exceed neither the data size nor the limit
+given to 'LZ_compress_open'. This feature reduces the amount of memory
+needed for decompression and allows minilzip to produce identical compressed
+output as lzip.
+
+Lzlib will correctly decompress a data stream which is the concatenation of
+two or more compressed data streams. The result is the concatenation of the
+corresponding decompressed data streams. Integrity testing of concatenated
+compressed data streams is also supported.
+
+Lzlib is able to compress and decompress streams of unlimited size by
+automatically creating multimember output. The members so created are large,
+about 2 PiB each.
+
+All the library functions are thread safe. The library does not install
+any signal handler. The decoder checks the consistency of the compressed
+data, so the library should never crash even in case of corrupted input.
+
+In spite of its name (Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain-Algorithm), LZMA is not a
+concrete algorithm; it is more like "any algorithm using the LZMA coding
+scheme". For example, the option '-0' of lzip uses the scheme in almost the
+simplest way possible; issuing the longest match it can find, or a literal
+byte if it can't find a match. Inversely, a much more elaborated way of
+finding coding sequences of minimum size than the one currently used by lzip
+could be developed, and the resulting sequence could also be coded using the
+LZMA coding scheme.
+
+Lzlib currently implements two variants of the LZMA algorithm; fast (used by
+option '-0' of minilzip) and normal (used by all other compression levels).
+
+The high compression of LZMA comes from combining two basic, well-proven
+compression ideas: sliding dictionaries (LZ77/78) and markov models (the
+thing used by every compression algorithm that uses a range encoder or
+similar order-0 entropy coder as its last stage) with segregation of
+contexts according to what the bits are used for.
+
+The ideas embodied in lzlib are due to (at least) the following people:
+Abraham Lempel and Jacob Ziv (for the LZ algorithm), Andrey Markov (for the
+definition of Markov chains), G.N.N. Martin (for the definition of range
+encoding), Igor Pavlov (for putting all the above together in LZMA), and
+Julian Seward (for bzip2's CLI).
+
+LANGUAGE NOTE: Uncompressed = not compressed = plain data; it may never have
+been compressed. Decompressed is used to refer to data which have undergone
+the process of decompression.
+
+
+Copyright (C) 2009-2021 Antonio Diaz Diaz.
+
+This file is free documentation: you have unlimited permission to copy,
+distribute, and modify it.
+
+The file Makefile.in is a data file used by configure to produce the
+Makefile. It has the same copyright owner and permissions that configure
+itself.