Aaru/Aaru.Filesystems/ISO9660/Info.cs

// /***************************************************************************
// Aaru Data Preservation Suite
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Filename       : Info.cs
// Author(s)      : Natalia Portillo <claunia@claunia.com>
//
// Component      : ISO9660 filesystem plugin.
//
// --[ License ] --------------------------------------------------------------
//
//     This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
//     it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
//     published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
//     License, or (at your option) any later version.
//
//     This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
//     WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
//     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
//     Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
//     You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
//     License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
//
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright © 2011-2025 Natalia Portillo
// In the loving memory of Facunda "Tata" Suárez Domínguez, R.I.P. 2019/07/24
// ****************************************************************************/

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using Aaru.Checksums;
using Aaru.CommonTypes.AaruMetadata;
using Aaru.CommonTypes.Enums;
using Aaru.CommonTypes.Interfaces;
using Aaru.Decoders.Sega;
using Aaru.Helpers;
using Aaru.Logging;
using Partition = Aaru.CommonTypes.Partition;

namespace Aaru.Filesystems;

public sealed partial class ISO9660
{
#region IReadOnlyFilesystem Members

    /// <inheritdoc />
    public bool Identify(IMediaImage imagePlugin, Partition partition)
    {
        // ISO9660 is designed for 2048 bytes/sector devices
        if(imagePlugin.Info.SectorSize < 2048) return false;

        // ISO9660 Primary Volume Descriptor starts at sector 16, so that's minimal size.
        if(partition.End <= 16 + partition.Start) return false;

        // Read to Volume Descriptor
        ErrorNumber errno = imagePlugin.ReadSector(16 + partition.Start, false, out byte[] vdSector, out _);

        if(errno != ErrorNumber.NoError) return false;

        var xaOff = 0;

        if(vdSector.Length == 2336) xaOff = 8;

        byte vdType  = vdSector[0 + xaOff];
        var  vdMagic = new byte[5];
        var  hsMagic = new byte[5];

        // This indicates the end of a volume descriptor. HighSierra here would have 16 so no problem
        if(vdType == 255) return false;

        Array.Copy(vdSector, 0x001 + xaOff, vdMagic, 0, 5);
        Array.Copy(vdSector, 0x009 + xaOff, hsMagic, 0, 5);

        AaruLogging.Debug(MODULE_NAME, "VDMagic = {0}", Encoding.ASCII.GetString(vdMagic));
        AaruLogging.Debug(MODULE_NAME, "HSMagic = {0}", Encoding.ASCII.GetString(hsMagic));

        return Encoding.ASCII.GetString(vdMagic) == ISO_MAGIC         ||
               Encoding.ASCII.GetString(hsMagic) == HIGH_SIERRA_MAGIC ||
               Encoding.ASCII.GetString(vdMagic) == CDI_MAGIC;
    }

    /// <inheritdoc />
    public void GetInformation(IMediaImage imagePlugin, Partition partition, Encoding encoding, out string information,
                               out FileSystem metadata)
    {
        encoding    ??= Encoding.ASCII;
        information =   "";
        metadata    =   new FileSystem();
        var isoMetadata = new StringBuilder();
        var vdMagic     = new byte[5]; // Volume Descriptor magic "CD001"
        var hsMagic     = new byte[5]; // Volume Descriptor magic "CDROM"

        var bootSpec = "";

        PrimaryVolumeDescriptor?           pvd      = null;
        PrimaryVolumeDescriptor?           jolietvd = null;
        BootRecord?                        bvd      = null;
        HighSierraPrimaryVolumeDescriptor? hsvd     = null;
        FileStructureVolumeDescriptor?     fsvd     = null;
        ElToritoBootRecord?                torito   = null;

        // ISO9660 is designed for 2048 bytes/sector devices
        if(imagePlugin.Info.SectorSize < 2048) return;

        // ISO9660 Primary Volume Descriptor starts at sector 16, so that's minimal size.
        if(partition.End < 16) return;

        ulong counter = 0;

        ErrorNumber errno = imagePlugin.ReadSector(16 + partition.Start, false, out byte[] vdSector, out _);

        if(errno != ErrorNumber.NoError) return;

        int xaOff = vdSector.Length == 2336 ? 8 : 0;
        Array.Copy(vdSector, 0x009 + xaOff, hsMagic, 0, 5);
        bool highSierraInfo = encoding.GetString(hsMagic) == HIGH_SIERRA_MAGIC;
        var  hsOff          = 0;

        if(highSierraInfo) hsOff = 8;

        var cdiInfo = false;
        var evd     = false;
        var vpd     = false;

        while(true)
        {
            AaruLogging.Debug(MODULE_NAME, Localization.Processing_VD_loop_no_0, counter);

            // Seek to Volume Descriptor
            AaruLogging.Debug(MODULE_NAME, Localization.Reading_sector_0, 16 + counter + partition.Start);
            errno = imagePlugin.ReadSector(16 + counter + partition.Start, false, out byte[] vdSectorTmp, out _);

            if(errno != ErrorNumber.NoError) return;

            vdSector = new byte[vdSectorTmp.Length - xaOff];
            Array.Copy(vdSectorTmp, xaOff, vdSector, 0, vdSector.Length);

            byte vdType = vdSector[0 + hsOff]; // Volume Descriptor Type, should be 1 or 2.
            AaruLogging.Debug(MODULE_NAME, "VDType = {0}", vdType);

            if(vdType == 255) // Supposedly we are in the PVD.
            {
                if(counter == 0) return;

                break;
            }

            Array.Copy(vdSector, 0x001, vdMagic, 0, 5);
            Array.Copy(vdSector, 0x009, hsMagic, 0, 5);

            if(encoding.GetString(vdMagic) != ISO_MAGIC         &&
               encoding.GetString(hsMagic) != HIGH_SIERRA_MAGIC &&
               encoding.GetString(vdMagic) != CDI_MAGIC) // Recognized, it is an ISO9660, now check for rest of data.
            {
                if(counter == 0) return;

                break;
            }

            cdiInfo |= encoding.GetString(vdMagic) == CDI_MAGIC;

            switch(vdType)
            {
                case 0:
                {
                    bvd = Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureLittleEndian<BootRecord>(vdSector, hsOff, 2048 - hsOff);

                    bootSpec = Localization.Unknown_specification;

                    if(encoding.GetString(bvd.Value.system_id)[..23] == "EL TORITO SPECIFICATION")
                    {
                        bootSpec = "El Torito";

                        torito =
                            Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureLittleEndian<ElToritoBootRecord>(vdSector, hsOff, 2048 - hsOff);
                    }

                    break;
                }

                case 1:
                {
                    if(highSierraInfo)
                        hsvd = Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureLittleEndian<HighSierraPrimaryVolumeDescriptor>(vdSector);
                    else if(cdiInfo)
                        fsvd = Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureBigEndian<FileStructureVolumeDescriptor>(vdSector);
                    else
                        pvd = Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureLittleEndian<PrimaryVolumeDescriptor>(vdSector);

                    break;
                }

                case 2:
                {
                    PrimaryVolumeDescriptor svd =
                        Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureLittleEndian<PrimaryVolumeDescriptor>(vdSector);

                    // Check if this is Joliet
                    if(svd.version == 1)
                    {
                        if(svd.escape_sequences[0] == '%' && svd.escape_sequences[1] == '/')
                        {
                            if(svd.escape_sequences[2] == '@' ||
                               svd.escape_sequences[2] == 'C' ||
                               svd.escape_sequences[2] == 'E')
                                jolietvd = svd;
                            else
                            {
                                AaruLogging.WriteLine(MODULE_NAME,
                                                      Localization.Found_unknown_supplementary_volume_descriptor);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else
                        evd = true;

                    break;
                }

                case 3:
                {
                    vpd = true;

                    break;
                }
            }

            counter++;
        }

        DecodedVolumeDescriptor decodedVd;
        var                     decodedJolietVd = new DecodedVolumeDescriptor();

        metadata = new FileSystem();

        if(pvd == null && hsvd == null && fsvd == null)
        {
            information = Localization.ERROR_Could_not_find_primary_volume_descriptor;

            return;
        }

        if(highSierraInfo)
            decodedVd = DecodeVolumeDescriptor(hsvd.Value);
        else if(cdiInfo)
            decodedVd = DecodeVolumeDescriptor(fsvd.Value);
        else
            decodedVd = DecodeVolumeDescriptor(pvd.Value);

        if(jolietvd != null) decodedJolietVd = DecodeJolietDescriptor(jolietvd.Value);

        uint rootLocation = 0;
        uint rootSize     = 0;

        // No need to read root on CD-i, as extensions are not supported...
        if(!cdiInfo)
        {
            rootLocation = highSierraInfo
                               ? hsvd.Value.root_directory_record.extent
                               : pvd.Value.root_directory_record.extent;

            if(highSierraInfo)
            {
                rootSize = hsvd.Value.root_directory_record.size / hsvd.Value.logical_block_size;

                if(hsvd.Value.root_directory_record.size % hsvd.Value.logical_block_size > 0) rootSize++;
            }
            else
            {
                rootSize = pvd.Value.root_directory_record.size / pvd.Value.logical_block_size;

                if(pvd.Value.root_directory_record.size % pvd.Value.logical_block_size > 0) rootSize++;
            }
        }

        byte[]                 rootDir         = [];
        var                    rootOff         = 0;
        var                    xaExtensions    = false;
        var                    apple           = false;
        var                    susp            = false;
        var                    rrip            = false;
        var                    ziso            = false;
        var                    amiga           = false;
        var                    aaip            = false;
        List<ContinuationArea> contareas       = [];
        List<byte[]>           refareas        = [];
        var                    suspInformation = new StringBuilder();

        if(rootLocation + rootSize < imagePlugin.Info.Sectors)
        {
            errno = imagePlugin.ReadSectors(rootLocation, false, rootSize, out rootDir, out _);

            if(errno != ErrorNumber.NoError) return;
        }

        // Walk thru root directory to see system area extensions in use
        while(rootOff + Marshal.SizeOf<DirectoryRecord>() < rootDir.Length && !cdiInfo)
        {
            DirectoryRecord record =
                Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureLittleEndian<DirectoryRecord>(rootDir,
                                                                          rootOff,
                                                                          Marshal.SizeOf<DirectoryRecord>());

            int saOff = Marshal.SizeOf<DirectoryRecord>() + record.name_len;
            saOff += saOff % 2;
            int saLen = record.length - saOff;

            if(saLen > 0 && rootOff + saOff + saLen <= rootDir.Length)
            {
                var sa = new byte[saLen];
                Array.Copy(rootDir, rootOff + saOff, sa, 0, saLen);
                saOff = 0;

                while(saOff < saLen)
                {
                    var noneFound = true;

                    if(Marshal.SizeOf<CdromXa>() + saOff <= saLen)
                    {
                        CdromXa xa = Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureBigEndian<CdromXa>(sa);

                        if(xa.signature == XA_MAGIC)
                        {
                            xaExtensions =  true;
                            saOff        += Marshal.SizeOf<CdromXa>();
                            noneFound    =  false;
                        }
                    }

                    if(saOff + 2 >= saLen) break;

                    var nextSignature = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(sa, saOff);

                    switch(nextSignature)
                    {
                        // Easy, contains size field
                        case APPLE_MAGIC:
                            apple     =  true;
                            saOff     += sa[saOff + 2];
                            noneFound =  false;

                            break;

                        // Not easy, contains size field
                        case APPLE_MAGIC_OLD:
                            apple = true;
                            var appleId = (AppleOldId)sa[saOff + 2];
                            noneFound = false;

                            switch(appleId)
                            {
                                case AppleOldId.ProDOS:
                                    saOff += Marshal.SizeOf<AppleProDOSOldSystemUse>();

                                    break;
                                case AppleOldId.TypeCreator:
                                case AppleOldId.TypeCreatorBundle:
                                    saOff += Marshal.SizeOf<AppleHFSTypeCreatorSystemUse>();

                                    break;
                                case AppleOldId.TypeCreatorIcon:
                                case AppleOldId.TypeCreatorIconBundle:
                                    saOff += Marshal.SizeOf<AppleHFSIconSystemUse>();

                                    break;
                                case AppleOldId.HFS:
                                    saOff += Marshal.SizeOf<AppleHFSOldSystemUse>();

                                    break;
                            }

                            break;

                        // IEEE-P1281 aka SUSP 1.12
                        case SUSP_INDICATOR:
                            susp      =  true;
                            saOff     += sa[saOff + 2];
                            noneFound =  false;

                            while(saOff + 2 < saLen)
                            {
                                nextSignature = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(sa, saOff);

                                switch(nextSignature)
                                {
                                    case APPLE_MAGIC:
                                        if(sa[saOff + 3] == 1 && sa[saOff + 2] == 7)
                                            apple = true;
                                        else
                                            apple |= sa[saOff + 3] != 1;

                                        break;
                                    case SUSP_CONTINUATION when saOff + sa[saOff + 2] <= saLen:
                                        var ce = new byte[sa[saOff + 2]];
                                        Array.Copy(sa, saOff, ce, 0, ce.Length);

                                        ContinuationArea ca =
                                            Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureBigEndian<ContinuationArea>(ce);

                                        contareas.Add(ca);

                                        break;
                                    case SUSP_REFERENCE when saOff + sa[saOff + 2] <= saLen:
                                        var er = new byte[sa[saOff + 2]];
                                        Array.Copy(sa, saOff, er, 0, er.Length);
                                        refareas.Add(er);

                                        break;
                                }

                                rrip |= nextSignature is RRIP_MAGIC
                                                      or RRIP_POSIX_ATTRIBUTES
                                                      or RRIP_POSIX_DEV_NO
                                                      or RRIP_SYMLINK
                                                      or RRIP_NAME
                                                      or RRIP_CHILDLINK
                                                      or RRIP_PARENTLINK
                                                      or RRIP_RELOCATED_DIR
                                                      or RRIP_TIMESTAMPS
                                                      or RRIP_SPARSE;

                                ziso  |= nextSignature == ZISO_MAGIC;
                                amiga |= nextSignature == AMIGA_MAGIC;

                                aaip |= nextSignature == AAIP_MAGIC ||
                                        nextSignature == AAIP_MAGIC_OLD && sa[saOff + 3] == 1 && sa[saOff + 2] >= 9;

                                saOff += sa[saOff + 2];

                                if(nextSignature == SUSP_TERMINATOR) break;
                            }

                            break;
                    }

                    if(noneFound) break;
                }
            }

            rootOff += record.length;

            if(record.length == 0) break;
        }

        foreach(ContinuationArea ca in contareas)
        {
            uint caLen = (ca.ca_length_be + ca.offset_be) /
                         (highSierraInfo ? hsvd.Value.logical_block_size : pvd.Value.logical_block_size);

            if((ca.ca_length_be + ca.offset_be) %
               (highSierraInfo ? hsvd.Value.logical_block_size : pvd.Value.logical_block_size) >
               0)
                caLen++;

            errno = imagePlugin.ReadSectors(ca.block_be, false, caLen, out byte[] caSectors, out _);

            if(errno != ErrorNumber.NoError) return;

            var caData = new byte[ca.ca_length_be];
            Array.Copy(caSectors, ca.offset_be, caData, 0, ca.ca_length_be);
            var caOff = 0;

            while(caOff < ca.ca_length_be)
            {
                var nextSignature = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(caData, caOff);

                switch(nextSignature)
                {
                    // Apple never said to include its extensions inside a continuation area, but just in case
                    case APPLE_MAGIC:
                        if(caData[caOff + 3] == 1 && caData[caOff + 2] == 7)
                            apple = true;
                        else
                            apple |= caData[caOff + 3] != 1;

                        break;
                    case SUSP_REFERENCE when caOff + caData[caOff + 2] <= ca.ca_length_be:
                        var er = new byte[caData[caOff + 2]];
                        Array.Copy(caData, caOff, er, 0, er.Length);
                        refareas.Add(er);

                        break;
                }

                rrip |= nextSignature is RRIP_MAGIC
                                      or RRIP_POSIX_ATTRIBUTES
                                      or RRIP_POSIX_DEV_NO
                                      or RRIP_SYMLINK
                                      or RRIP_NAME
                                      or RRIP_CHILDLINK
                                      or RRIP_PARENTLINK
                                      or RRIP_RELOCATED_DIR
                                      or RRIP_TIMESTAMPS
                                      or RRIP_SPARSE;

                ziso  |= nextSignature == ZISO_MAGIC;
                amiga |= nextSignature == AMIGA_MAGIC;

                aaip |= nextSignature == AAIP_MAGIC ||
                        nextSignature == AAIP_MAGIC_OLD && caData[caOff + 3] == 1 && caData[caOff + 2] >= 9;

                caOff += caData[caOff + 2];
            }
        }

        if(refareas.Count > 0)
        {
            suspInformation.AppendLine(Localization.SYSTEM_USE_SHARING_PROTOCOL_INFORMATION_border);
            suspInformation.AppendLine(Localization.SYSTEM_USE_SHARING_PROTOCOL_INFORMATION);
            suspInformation.AppendLine(Localization.SYSTEM_USE_SHARING_PROTOCOL_INFORMATION_border);

            counter = 1;

            foreach(byte[] erb in refareas)
            {
                ReferenceArea er    = Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureBigEndian<ReferenceArea>(erb);
                string        extId = encoding.GetString(erb, Marshal.SizeOf<ReferenceArea>(), er.id_len);

                string extDes = encoding.GetString(erb, Marshal.SizeOf<ReferenceArea>() + er.id_len, er.des_len);

                string extSrc =
                    encoding.GetString(erb, Marshal.SizeOf<ReferenceArea>() + er.id_len + er.des_len, er.src_len);

                suspInformation.AppendFormat(Localization.Extension_0,           counter).AppendLine();
                suspInformation.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.ID_0_version_1, extId, er.ext_ver).AppendLine();
                suspInformation.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.Description_0,  extDes).AppendLine();
                suspInformation.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.Source_0,       extSrc).AppendLine();
                counter++;
            }
        }

        errno = imagePlugin.ReadSector(0 + partition.Start, false, out byte[] ipbinSector, out _);

        if(errno != ErrorNumber.NoError) return;

        CD.IPBin?        segaCd    = CD.DecodeIPBin(ipbinSector);
        Saturn.IPBin?    saturn    = Saturn.DecodeIPBin(ipbinSector);
        Dreamcast.IPBin? dreamcast = Dreamcast.DecodeIPBin(ipbinSector);

        if(highSierraInfo)
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.High_Sierra_Format_file_system);
        else if(cdiInfo)
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.CD_i_file_system);
        else
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.ISO9660_file_system);

        if(xaExtensions) isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.CD_ROM_XA_extensions_present);

        if(amiga) isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.Amiga_extensions_present);

        if(apple) isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.Apple_extensions_present);

        if(jolietvd != null) isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.Joliet_extensions_present);

        if(susp) isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.System_Use_Sharing_Protocol_present);

        if(rrip) isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.Rock_Ridge_Interchange_Protocol_present);

        if(aaip) isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.Arbitrary_Attribute_Interchange_Protocol_present);

        if(ziso) isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.zisofs_compression_present);

        if(evd) isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.Contains_Enhanced_Volume_Descriptor);

        if(vpd) isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.Contains_Volume_Partition_Descriptor);

        if(bvd != null)
            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Disc_bootable_following_0_specifications, bootSpec).AppendLine();

        if(segaCd != null)
        {
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.This_is_a_SegaCD_MegaCD_disc);
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(CD.Prettify(segaCd));
        }

        if(saturn != null)
        {
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.This_is_a_Sega_Saturn_disc);
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Saturn.Prettify(saturn));
        }

        if(dreamcast != null)
        {
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.This_is_a_Sega_Dreamcast_disc);
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Dreamcast.Prettify(dreamcast));
        }

        if(cdiInfo)
        {
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.FILE_STRUCTURE_VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_INFORMATION_border);
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.FILE_STRUCTURE_VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_INFORMATION);
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.FILE_STRUCTURE_VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_INFORMATION_border);
        }
        else
        {
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_INFORMATION_border);
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_INFORMATION);
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_INFORMATION_border);
        }

        isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.System_identifier_0,     decodedVd.SystemIdentifier).AppendLine();
        isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_identifier_0,     decodedVd.VolumeIdentifier).AppendLine();
        isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_set_identifier_0, decodedVd.VolumeSetIdentifier).AppendLine();
        isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Publisher_identifier_0,  decodedVd.PublisherIdentifier).AppendLine();

        isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Data_preparer_identifier_0, decodedVd.DataPreparerIdentifier)
                   .AppendLine();

        isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Application_identifier_0, decodedVd.ApplicationIdentifier).AppendLine();
        isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_creation_date_0,   decodedVd.CreationTime).AppendLine();

        if(decodedVd.HasModificationTime)
            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_modification_date_0, decodedVd.ModificationTime).AppendLine();
        else
            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_has_not_been_modified).AppendLine();

        if(decodedVd.HasExpirationTime)
            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_expiration_date_0, decodedVd.ExpirationTime).AppendLine();
        else
            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_does_not_expire).AppendLine();

        if(decodedVd.HasEffectiveTime)
            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_effective_date_0, decodedVd.EffectiveTime).AppendLine();
        else
            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_has_always_been_effective).AppendLine();

        isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_has_0_blocks_of_1_bytes_each,
                                 decodedVd.Blocks,
                                 decodedVd.BlockSize)
                   .AppendLine();

        if(jolietvd != null)
        {
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.JOLIET_VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_INFORMATION_border);
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.JOLIET_VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_INFORMATION);
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.JOLIET_VOLUME_DESCRIPTOR_INFORMATION_border);
            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.System_identifier_0, decodedJolietVd.SystemIdentifier).AppendLine();
            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_identifier_0, decodedJolietVd.VolumeIdentifier).AppendLine();

            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_set_identifier_0, decodedJolietVd.VolumeSetIdentifier)
                       .AppendLine();

            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Publisher_identifier_0, decodedJolietVd.PublisherIdentifier)
                       .AppendLine();

            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Data_preparer_identifier_0, decodedJolietVd.DataPreparerIdentifier)
                       .AppendLine();

            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Application_identifier_0, decodedJolietVd.ApplicationIdentifier)
                       .AppendLine();

            isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_creation_date_0, decodedJolietVd.CreationTime).AppendLine();

            if(decodedJolietVd.HasModificationTime)
            {
                isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_modification_date_0, decodedJolietVd.ModificationTime)
                           .AppendLine();
            }
            else
                isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_has_not_been_modified).AppendLine();

            if(decodedJolietVd.HasExpirationTime)
            {
                isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_expiration_date_0, decodedJolietVd.ExpirationTime)
                           .AppendLine();
            }
            else
                isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_does_not_expire).AppendLine();

            if(decodedJolietVd.HasEffectiveTime)
            {
                isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_effective_date_0, decodedJolietVd.EffectiveTime)
                           .AppendLine();
            }
            else
                isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Volume_has_always_been_effective).AppendLine();
        }

        if(torito != null)
        {
            errno = imagePlugin.ReadSector(torito.Value.catalog_sector + partition.Start, false, out vdSector, out _);

            if(errno != ErrorNumber.NoError) return;

            var toritoOff = 0;

            if(vdSector[toritoOff] != 1) goto exit_torito;

            ElToritoValidationEntry valentry =
                Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureLittleEndian<ElToritoValidationEntry>(vdSector,
                    toritoOff,
                    EL_TORITO_ENTRY_SIZE);

            if(valentry.signature != EL_TORITO_MAGIC) goto exit_torito;

            toritoOff = EL_TORITO_ENTRY_SIZE;

            ElToritoInitialEntry initialEntry =
                Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureLittleEndian<ElToritoInitialEntry>(vdSector,
                                                                               toritoOff,
                                                                               EL_TORITO_ENTRY_SIZE);

            initialEntry.boot_type = (ElToritoEmulation)((byte)initialEntry.boot_type & 0xF);

            AaruLogging.Debug(MODULE_NAME, "initialEntry.load_rba = {0}", initialEntry.load_rba);

            AaruLogging.Debug(MODULE_NAME, "initialEntry.sector_count = {0}", initialEntry.sector_count);

            byte[] bootImage = null;

            if(initialEntry.load_rba + partition.Start + initialEntry.sector_count - 1 <= partition.End)
            {
                imagePlugin.ReadSectors(initialEntry.load_rba + partition.Start,
                                        false,
                                        initialEntry.sector_count,
                                        out bootImage,
                                        out _);
            }

            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.EL_TORITO_INFORMATION_border);
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.EL_TORITO_INFORMATION);
            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.EL_TORITO_INFORMATION_border);

            isoMetadata.AppendLine(Localization.Initial_entry);

            isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.Developer_ID_0, encoding.GetString(valentry.developer_id))
                       .AppendLine();

            if(initialEntry.bootable == ElToritoIndicator.Bootable)
            {
                isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.Bootable_on_0, valentry.platform_id).AppendLine();

                isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.Bootable_image_starts_at_sector_0_and_runs_for_1_sectors,
                                         initialEntry.load_rba,
                                         initialEntry.sector_count)
                           .AppendLine();

                if(valentry.platform_id == ElToritoPlatform.x86)
                {
                    isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.Bootable_image_will_be_loaded_at_segment_0,
                                             initialEntry.load_seg == 0 ? 0x7C0 : initialEntry.load_seg)
                               .AppendLine();
                }
                else
                {
                    isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.Bootable_image_will_be_loaded_at_0,
                                             (uint)initialEntry.load_seg * 10)
                               .AppendLine();
                }

                switch(initialEntry.boot_type)
                {
                    case ElToritoEmulation.None:
                        isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t" + Localization.Image_uses_no_emulation);

                        break;
                    case ElToritoEmulation.Md2Hd:
                        isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t" + Localization.Image_emulates_a_high_density_MD2HD_floppy);

                        break;
                    case ElToritoEmulation.Mf2Hd:
                        isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t" + Localization.Image_emulates_a_high_density_MF2HD_floppy);

                        break;
                    case ElToritoEmulation.Mf2Ed:
                        isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t" + Localization.Image_emulates_a_extra_density_MF2ED_floppy);

                        break;
                    default:
                        isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.Image_uses_unknown_emulation_type_0,
                                                 (byte)initialEntry.boot_type)
                                   .AppendLine();

                        break;
                }

                isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.System_type_0, initialEntry.system_type).AppendLine();

                if(bootImage != null)
                {
                    isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.Bootable_image_SHA1_0,
                                             Sha1Context.Data(bootImage, out _))
                               .AppendLine();
                }
            }
            else
                isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t" + Localization.Not_bootable);

            toritoOff += EL_TORITO_ENTRY_SIZE;

            const int sectionCounter = 2;

            while(toritoOff < vdSector.Length &&
                  (vdSector[toritoOff] == (byte)ElToritoIndicator.Header ||
                   vdSector[toritoOff] == (byte)ElToritoIndicator.LastHeader))
            {
                ElToritoSectionHeaderEntry sectionHeader =
                    Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureLittleEndian<ElToritoSectionHeaderEntry>(vdSector,
                        toritoOff,
                        EL_TORITO_ENTRY_SIZE);

                toritoOff += EL_TORITO_ENTRY_SIZE;

                isoMetadata.AppendFormat(Localization.Boot_section_0, sectionCounter);

                isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.Section_ID_0, encoding.GetString(sectionHeader.identifier))
                           .AppendLine();

                for(var entryCounter = 1;
                    entryCounter <= sectionHeader.entries && toritoOff < vdSector.Length;
                    entryCounter++)
                {
                    ElToritoSectionEntry sectionEntry =
                        Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureLittleEndian<ElToritoSectionEntry>(vdSector,
                            toritoOff,
                            EL_TORITO_ENTRY_SIZE);

                    toritoOff += EL_TORITO_ENTRY_SIZE;

                    isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t" + Localization.Entry_0, entryCounter);

                    if(sectionEntry.bootable == ElToritoIndicator.Bootable)
                    {
                        bootImage = null;

                        if(sectionEntry.load_rba + partition.Start + sectionEntry.sector_count - 1 <= partition.End)
                        {
                            imagePlugin.ReadSectors(sectionEntry.load_rba + partition.Start,
                                                    false,
                                                    sectionEntry.sector_count,
                                                    out bootImage,
                                                    out _);
                        }

                        isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t\t" + Localization.Bootable_on_0, sectionHeader.platform_id)
                                   .AppendLine();

                        isoMetadata
                           .AppendFormat("\t\t" + Localization.Bootable_image_starts_at_sector_0_and_runs_for_1_sectors,
                                         sectionEntry.load_rba,
                                         sectionEntry.sector_count)
                           .AppendLine();

                        if(valentry.platform_id == ElToritoPlatform.x86)
                        {
                            isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t\t" + Localization.Bootable_image_will_be_loaded_at_segment_0,
                                                     sectionEntry.load_seg == 0 ? 0x7C0 : sectionEntry.load_seg)
                                       .AppendLine();
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t\t" + Localization.Bootable_image_will_be_loaded_at_0,
                                                     (uint)sectionEntry.load_seg * 10)
                                       .AppendLine();
                        }

                        switch((ElToritoEmulation)((byte)sectionEntry.boot_type & 0xF))
                        {
                            case ElToritoEmulation.None:
                                isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t\t" + Localization.Image_uses_no_emulation);

                                break;
                            case ElToritoEmulation.Md2Hd:
                                isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t\t" +
                                                       Localization.Image_emulates_a_high_density_MD2HD_floppy);

                                break;
                            case ElToritoEmulation.Mf2Hd:
                                isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t\t" +
                                                       Localization.Image_emulates_a_high_density_MF2HD_floppy);

                                break;
                            case ElToritoEmulation.Mf2Ed:
                                isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t\t" +
                                                       Localization.Image_emulates_a_extra_density_MF2ED_floppy);

                                break;
                            default:
                                isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t\t" + Localization.Image_uses_unknown_emulation_type_0,
                                                         (byte)initialEntry.boot_type)
                                           .AppendLine();

                                break;
                        }

                        isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t\t" + Localization.Selection_criteria_type_0,
                                                 sectionEntry.selection_criteria_type)
                                   .AppendLine();

                        isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t\t" + Localization.System_type_0, sectionEntry.system_type)
                                   .AppendLine();

                        if(bootImage != null)
                        {
                            isoMetadata.AppendFormat("\t\t" + Localization.Bootable_image_SHA1_0,
                                                     Sha1Context.Data(bootImage, out _))
                                       .AppendLine();
                        }
                    }
                    else
                        isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t\t" + Localization.Not_bootable);

                    var flags = (ElToritoFlags)((byte)sectionEntry.boot_type & 0xF0);

                    if(flags.HasFlag(ElToritoFlags.ATAPI))
                        isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t\t" + Localization.Image_contains_ATAPI_drivers);

                    if(flags.HasFlag(ElToritoFlags.SCSI))
                        isoMetadata.AppendLine("\t\t" + Localization.Image_contains_SCSI_drivers);

                    if(!flags.HasFlag(ElToritoFlags.Continued)) continue;

                    while(toritoOff < vdSector.Length)
                    {
                        ElToritoSectionEntryExtension sectionExtension =
                            Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureLittleEndian<ElToritoSectionEntryExtension>(vdSector,
                                toritoOff,
                                EL_TORITO_ENTRY_SIZE);

                        toritoOff += EL_TORITO_ENTRY_SIZE;

                        if(!sectionExtension.extension_flags.HasFlag(ElToritoFlags.Continued)) break;
                    }
                }

                if(sectionHeader.header_id == ElToritoIndicator.LastHeader) break;
            }
        }

    exit_torito:

        if(refareas.Count > 0) isoMetadata.Append(suspInformation);

        if(highSierraInfo)
            metadata.Type = FS_TYPE_HSF;
        else if(cdiInfo)
            metadata.Type = FS_TYPE_CDI;
        else
            metadata.Type = FS_TYPE_ISO;

        if(jolietvd != null)
        {
            metadata.VolumeName = decodedJolietVd.VolumeIdentifier;

            if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(decodedJolietVd.SystemIdentifier) ||
               decodedVd.SystemIdentifier.Length > decodedJolietVd.SystemIdentifier.Length)
                metadata.SystemIdentifier = decodedVd.SystemIdentifier;
            else
            {
                metadata.SystemIdentifier = string.IsNullOrEmpty(decodedJolietVd.SystemIdentifier)
                                                ? null
                                                : decodedJolietVd.SystemIdentifier;
            }

            if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(decodedJolietVd.VolumeSetIdentifier) ||
               decodedVd.VolumeSetIdentifier.Length > decodedJolietVd.VolumeSetIdentifier.Length)
                metadata.VolumeSetIdentifier = decodedVd.VolumeSetIdentifier;
            else
            {
                metadata.VolumeSetIdentifier = string.IsNullOrEmpty(decodedJolietVd.VolumeSetIdentifier)
                                                   ? null
                                                   : decodedJolietVd.VolumeSetIdentifier;
            }

            if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(decodedJolietVd.PublisherIdentifier) ||
               decodedVd.PublisherIdentifier.Length > decodedJolietVd.PublisherIdentifier.Length)
                metadata.PublisherIdentifier = decodedVd.PublisherIdentifier;
            else
            {
                metadata.PublisherIdentifier = string.IsNullOrEmpty(decodedJolietVd.PublisherIdentifier)
                                                   ? null
                                                   : decodedJolietVd.PublisherIdentifier;
            }

            if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(decodedJolietVd.DataPreparerIdentifier) ||
               decodedVd.DataPreparerIdentifier.Length > decodedJolietVd.DataPreparerIdentifier.Length)
                metadata.DataPreparerIdentifier = decodedVd.DataPreparerIdentifier;
            else
            {
                metadata.DataPreparerIdentifier = string.IsNullOrEmpty(decodedJolietVd.DataPreparerIdentifier)
                                                      ? null
                                                      : decodedJolietVd.DataPreparerIdentifier;
            }

            if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(decodedJolietVd.ApplicationIdentifier) ||
               decodedVd.ApplicationIdentifier.Length > decodedJolietVd.ApplicationIdentifier.Length)
                metadata.ApplicationIdentifier = decodedVd.ApplicationIdentifier;
            else
            {
                metadata.ApplicationIdentifier = string.IsNullOrEmpty(decodedJolietVd.ApplicationIdentifier)
                                                     ? null
                                                     : decodedJolietVd.ApplicationIdentifier;
            }

            metadata.CreationDate = decodedJolietVd.CreationTime;

            if(decodedJolietVd.HasModificationTime) metadata.ModificationDate = decodedJolietVd.ModificationTime;

            if(decodedJolietVd.HasExpirationTime) metadata.ExpirationDate = decodedJolietVd.ExpirationTime;

            if(decodedJolietVd.HasEffectiveTime) metadata.EffectiveDate = decodedJolietVd.EffectiveTime;
        }
        else
        {
            metadata.SystemIdentifier       = decodedVd.SystemIdentifier;
            metadata.VolumeName             = decodedVd.VolumeIdentifier;
            metadata.VolumeSetIdentifier    = decodedVd.VolumeSetIdentifier;
            metadata.PublisherIdentifier    = decodedVd.PublisherIdentifier;
            metadata.DataPreparerIdentifier = decodedVd.DataPreparerIdentifier;
            metadata.ApplicationIdentifier  = decodedVd.ApplicationIdentifier;
            metadata.CreationDate           = decodedVd.CreationTime;

            if(decodedVd.HasModificationTime) metadata.ModificationDate = decodedVd.ModificationTime;

            if(decodedVd.HasExpirationTime) metadata.ExpirationDate = decodedVd.ExpirationTime;

            if(decodedVd.HasEffectiveTime) metadata.EffectiveDate = decodedVd.EffectiveTime;
        }

        metadata.Bootable    |= bvd != null || segaCd != null || saturn != null || dreamcast != null;
        metadata.Clusters    =  decodedVd.Blocks;
        metadata.ClusterSize =  decodedVd.BlockSize;

        information = isoMetadata.ToString();
    }

#endregion
}