// /*************************************************************************** // Aaru Data Preservation Suite // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- // // Filename : AppleHFSPlus.cs // Author(s) : Natalia Portillo // // Component : Apple Hierarchical File System Plus plugin. // // --[ Description ] ---------------------------------------------------------- // // Identifies the Apple Hierarchical File System Plus and shows information. // // --[ License ] -------------------------------------------------------------- // // This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify // it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as // published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the // License, or (at your option) any later version. // // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but // WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU // Lesser General Public License for more details. // // You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public // License along with this library; if not, see . // // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Copyright © 2011-2025 Natalia Portillo // ****************************************************************************/ using System; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Text; using Aaru.CommonTypes; using Aaru.CommonTypes.Interfaces; using Aaru.Helpers; using Schemas; using Marshal = Aaru.Helpers.Marshal; namespace Aaru.Filesystems { // Information from Apple TechNote 1150: https://developer.apple.com/legacy/library/technotes/tn/tn1150.html /// /// Implements detection of Apple Hierarchical File System Plus (HFS+) public sealed class AppleHFSPlus : IFilesystem { /// public FileSystemType XmlFsType { get; private set; } /// public Encoding Encoding { get; private set; } /// public string Name => "Apple HFS+ filesystem"; /// public Guid Id => new Guid("36405F8D-0D26-6EBE-436F-62F0586B4F08"); /// public string Author => "Natalia Portillo"; /// public bool Identify(IMediaImage imagePlugin, Partition partition) { if(2 + partition.Start >= partition.End) return false; ulong hfspOffset; uint sectorsToRead = 0x800 / imagePlugin.Info.SectorSize; if(0x800 % imagePlugin.Info.SectorSize > 0) sectorsToRead++; byte[] vhSector = imagePlugin.ReadSectors(partition.Start, sectorsToRead); if(vhSector.Length < 0x800) return false; ushort drSigWord = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(vhSector, 0x400); if(drSigWord == AppleCommon.HFS_MAGIC) // "BD" { drSigWord = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(vhSector, 0x47C); // Read embedded HFS+ signature if(drSigWord == AppleCommon.HFSP_MAGIC) // "H+" { // ReSharper disable once InconsistentNaming ushort xdrStABNt = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(vhSector, 0x47E); uint drAlBlkSiz = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt32(vhSector, 0x414); ushort drAlBlSt = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(vhSector, 0x41C); hfspOffset = (ulong)(((drAlBlSt * 512) + (xdrStABNt * drAlBlkSiz)) / imagePlugin.Info.SectorSize); } else hfspOffset = 0; } else hfspOffset = 0; vhSector = imagePlugin.ReadSectors(partition.Start + hfspOffset, sectorsToRead); // Read volume header drSigWord = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(vhSector, 0x400); return drSigWord == AppleCommon.HFSP_MAGIC || drSigWord == AppleCommon.HFSX_MAGIC; } /// public void GetInformation(IMediaImage imagePlugin, Partition partition, out string information, Encoding encoding) { Encoding = Encoding.BigEndianUnicode; information = ""; var vh = new VolumeHeader(); ulong hfspOffset; bool wrapped; uint sectorsToRead = 0x800 / imagePlugin.Info.SectorSize; if(0x800 % imagePlugin.Info.SectorSize > 0) sectorsToRead++; byte[] vhSector = imagePlugin.ReadSectors(partition.Start, sectorsToRead); ushort drSigWord = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(vhSector, 0x400); if(drSigWord == AppleCommon.HFS_MAGIC) // "BD" { drSigWord = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(vhSector, 0x47C); // Read embedded HFS+ signature if(drSigWord == AppleCommon.HFSP_MAGIC) // "H+" { // ReSharper disable once InconsistentNaming ushort xdrStABNt = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(vhSector, 0x47E); uint drAlBlkSiz = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt32(vhSector, 0x414); ushort drAlBlSt = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(vhSector, 0x41C); hfspOffset = (ulong)(((drAlBlSt * 512) + (xdrStABNt * drAlBlkSiz)) / imagePlugin.Info.SectorSize); wrapped = true; } else { hfspOffset = 0; wrapped = false; } } else { hfspOffset = 0; wrapped = false; } vhSector = imagePlugin.ReadSectors(partition.Start + hfspOffset, sectorsToRead); // Read volume header vh.signature = BigEndianBitConverter.ToUInt16(vhSector, 0x400); if(vh.signature != AppleCommon.HFSP_MAGIC && vh.signature != AppleCommon.HFSX_MAGIC) return; var sb = new StringBuilder(); if(vh.signature == 0x482B) sb.AppendLine("HFS+ filesystem."); if(vh.signature == 0x4858) sb.AppendLine("HFSX filesystem."); if(wrapped) sb.AppendLine("Volume is wrapped inside an HFS volume."); byte[] tmp = new byte[0x400]; Array.Copy(vhSector, 0x400, tmp, 0, 0x400); vhSector = tmp; vh = Marshal.ByteArrayToStructureBigEndian(vhSector); if(vh.version == 4 || vh.version == 5) { sb.AppendFormat("Filesystem version is {0}.", vh.version).AppendLine(); if((vh.attributes & 0x80) == 0x80) sb.AppendLine("Volume is locked on hardware."); if((vh.attributes & 0x100) == 0x100) sb.AppendLine("Volume is unmounted."); if((vh.attributes & 0x200) == 0x200) sb.AppendLine("There are bad blocks in the extents file."); if((vh.attributes & 0x400) == 0x400) sb.AppendLine("Volume does not require cache."); if((vh.attributes & 0x800) == 0x800) sb.AppendLine("Volume state is inconsistent."); if((vh.attributes & 0x1000) == 0x1000) sb.AppendLine("CNIDs are reused."); if((vh.attributes & 0x2000) == 0x2000) sb.AppendLine("Volume is journaled."); if((vh.attributes & 0x8000) == 0x8000) sb.AppendLine("Volume is locked on software."); sb.AppendFormat("Implementation that last mounted the volume: \"{0}\".", Encoding.ASCII.GetString(vh.lastMountedVersion)).AppendLine(); if((vh.attributes & 0x2000) == 0x2000) sb.AppendFormat("Journal starts at allocation block {0}.", vh.journalInfoBlock).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Creation date: {0}", DateHandlers.MacToDateTime(vh.createDate)).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Last modification date: {0}", DateHandlers.MacToDateTime(vh.modifyDate)).AppendLine(); if(vh.backupDate > 0) sb.AppendFormat("Last backup date: {0}", DateHandlers.MacToDateTime(vh.backupDate)).AppendLine(); else sb.AppendLine("Volume has never been backed up"); if(vh.backupDate > 0) sb.AppendFormat("Last check date: {0}", DateHandlers.MacToDateTime(vh.checkedDate)).AppendLine(); else sb.AppendLine("Volume has never been checked up"); sb.AppendFormat("{0} files on volume.", vh.fileCount).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} folders on volume.", vh.folderCount).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} bytes per allocation block.", vh.blockSize).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} allocation blocks.", vh.totalBlocks).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} free blocks.", vh.freeBlocks).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Next allocation block: {0}.", vh.nextAllocation).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Resource fork clump size: {0} bytes.", vh.rsrcClumpSize).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Data fork clump size: {0} bytes.", vh.dataClumpSize).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Next unused CNID: {0}.", vh.nextCatalogID).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Volume has been mounted writable {0} times.", vh.writeCount).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Allocation File is {0} bytes.", vh.allocationFile_logicalSize).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Extents File is {0} bytes.", vh.extentsFile_logicalSize).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Catalog File is {0} bytes.", vh.catalogFile_logicalSize).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Attributes File is {0} bytes.", vh.attributesFile_logicalSize).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Startup File is {0} bytes.", vh.startupFile_logicalSize).AppendLine(); sb.AppendLine("Finder info:"); sb.AppendFormat("CNID of bootable system's directory: {0}", vh.drFndrInfo0).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("CNID of first-run application's directory: {0}", vh.drFndrInfo1).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("CNID of previously opened directory: {0}", vh.drFndrInfo2).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("CNID of bootable Mac OS 8 or 9 directory: {0}", vh.drFndrInfo3).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("CNID of bootable Mac OS X directory: {0}", vh.drFndrInfo5).AppendLine(); if(vh.drFndrInfo6 != 0 && vh.drFndrInfo7 != 0) sb.AppendFormat("Mac OS X Volume ID: {0:X8}{1:X8}", vh.drFndrInfo6, vh.drFndrInfo7).AppendLine(); XmlFsType = new FileSystemType(); if(vh.backupDate > 0) { XmlFsType.BackupDate = DateHandlers.MacToDateTime(vh.backupDate); XmlFsType.BackupDateSpecified = true; } XmlFsType.Bootable |= vh.drFndrInfo0 != 0 || vh.drFndrInfo3 != 0 || vh.drFndrInfo5 != 0; XmlFsType.Clusters = vh.totalBlocks; XmlFsType.ClusterSize = vh.blockSize; if(vh.createDate > 0) { XmlFsType.CreationDate = DateHandlers.MacToDateTime(vh.createDate); XmlFsType.CreationDateSpecified = true; } XmlFsType.Dirty = (vh.attributes & 0x100) != 0x100; XmlFsType.Files = vh.fileCount; XmlFsType.FilesSpecified = true; XmlFsType.FreeClusters = vh.freeBlocks; XmlFsType.FreeClustersSpecified = true; if(vh.modifyDate > 0) { XmlFsType.ModificationDate = DateHandlers.MacToDateTime(vh.modifyDate); XmlFsType.ModificationDateSpecified = true; } if(vh.signature == 0x482B) XmlFsType.Type = "HFS+"; if(vh.signature == 0x4858) XmlFsType.Type = "HFSX"; if(vh.drFndrInfo6 != 0 && vh.drFndrInfo7 != 0) XmlFsType.VolumeSerial = $"{vh.drFndrInfo6:X8}{vh.drFndrInfo7:X8}"; XmlFsType.SystemIdentifier = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(vh.lastMountedVersion); } else { sb.AppendFormat("Filesystem version is {0}.", vh.version).AppendLine(); sb.AppendLine("This version is not supported yet."); } information = sb.ToString(); } /// HFS+ Volume Header, should be at offset 0x0400 bytes in volume with a size of 532 bytes [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)] struct VolumeHeader { /// 0x000, "H+" for HFS+, "HX" for HFSX public ushort signature; /// 0x002, 4 for HFS+, 5 for HFSX public readonly ushort version; /// 0x004, Volume attributes public readonly uint attributes; /// /// 0x008, Implementation that last mounted the volume. Reserved by Apple: "8.10" Mac OS 8.1 to 9.2.2 "10.0" Mac /// OS X "HFSJ" Journaled implementation "fsck" /sbin/fsck /// [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 4)] public readonly byte[] lastMountedVersion; /// 0x00C, Allocation block number containing the journal public readonly uint journalInfoBlock; /// 0x010, Date of volume creation public readonly uint createDate; /// 0x014, Date of last volume modification public readonly uint modifyDate; /// 0x018, Date of last backup public readonly uint backupDate; /// 0x01C, Date of last consistency check public readonly uint checkedDate; /// 0x020, File on the volume public readonly uint fileCount; /// 0x024, Folders on the volume public readonly uint folderCount; /// 0x028, Bytes per allocation block public readonly uint blockSize; /// 0x02C, Allocation blocks on the volume public readonly uint totalBlocks; /// 0x030, Free allocation blocks public readonly uint freeBlocks; /// 0x034, Hint for next allocation block public readonly uint nextAllocation; /// 0x038, Resource fork clump size public readonly uint rsrcClumpSize; /// 0x03C, Data fork clump size public readonly uint dataClumpSize; /// 0x040, Next unused CNID public readonly uint nextCatalogID; /// 0x044, Times that the volume has been mounted writable public readonly uint writeCount; /// 0x048, Used text encoding hints public readonly ulong encodingsBitmap; /// 0x050, finderInfo[0], CNID for bootable system's directory public readonly uint drFndrInfo0; /// 0x054, finderInfo[1], CNID of the directory containing the boot application public readonly uint drFndrInfo1; /// 0x058, finderInfo[2], CNID of the directory that should be opened on boot public readonly uint drFndrInfo2; /// 0x05C, finderInfo[3], CNID for Mac OS 8 or 9 directory public readonly uint drFndrInfo3; /// 0x060, finderInfo[4], Reserved public readonly uint drFndrInfo4; /// 0x064, finderInfo[5], CNID for Mac OS X directory public readonly uint drFndrInfo5; /// 0x068, finderInfo[6], first part of Mac OS X volume ID public readonly uint drFndrInfo6; /// 0x06C, finderInfo[7], second part of Mac OS X volume ID public readonly uint drFndrInfo7; // HFSPlusForkData allocationFile; /// 0x070 public readonly ulong allocationFile_logicalSize; /// 0x078 public readonly uint allocationFile_clumpSize; /// 0x07C public readonly uint allocationFile_totalBlocks; /// 0x080 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_startBlock0; /// 0x084 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_blockCount0; /// 0x088 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_startBlock1; /// 0x08C public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_blockCount1; /// 0x090 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_startBlock2; /// 0x094 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_blockCount2; /// 0x098 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_startBlock3; /// 0x09C public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_blockCount3; /// 0x0A0 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_startBlock4; /// 0x0A4 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_blockCount4; /// 0x0A8 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_startBlock5; /// 0x0AC public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_blockCount5; /// 0x0B0 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_startBlock6; /// 0x0B4 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_blockCount6; /// 0x0B8 public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_startBlock7; /// 0x0BC public readonly uint allocationFile_extents_blockCount7; // HFSPlusForkData extentsFile; /// 0x0C0 public readonly ulong extentsFile_logicalSize; /// 0x0C8 public readonly uint extentsFile_clumpSize; /// 0x0CC public readonly uint extentsFile_totalBlocks; /// 0x0D0 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_startBlock0; /// 0x0D4 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_blockCount0; /// 0x0D8 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_startBlock1; /// 0x0DC public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_blockCount1; /// 0x0E0 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_startBlock2; /// 0x0E4 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_blockCount2; /// 0x0E8 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_startBlock3; /// 0x0EC public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_blockCount3; /// 0x0F0 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_startBlock4; /// 0x0F4 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_blockCount4; /// 0x0F8 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_startBlock5; /// 0x0FC public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_blockCount5; /// 0x100 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_startBlock6; /// 0x104 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_blockCount6; /// 0x108 public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_startBlock7; /// 0x10C public readonly uint extentsFile_extents_blockCount7; // HFSPlusForkData catalogFile; /// 0x110 public readonly ulong catalogFile_logicalSize; /// 0x118 public readonly uint catalogFile_clumpSize; /// 0x11C public readonly uint catalogFile_totalBlocks; /// 0x120 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_startBlock0; /// 0x124 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_blockCount0; /// 0x128 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_startBlock1; /// 0x12C public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_blockCount1; /// 0x130 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_startBlock2; /// 0x134 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_blockCount2; /// 0x138 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_startBlock3; /// 0x13C public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_blockCount3; /// 0x140 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_startBlock4; /// 0x144 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_blockCount4; /// 0x148 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_startBlock5; /// 0x14C public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_blockCount5; /// 0x150 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_startBlock6; /// 0x154 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_blockCount6; /// 0x158 public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_startBlock7; /// 0x15C public readonly uint catalogFile_extents_blockCount7; // HFSPlusForkData attributesFile; /// 0x160 public readonly ulong attributesFile_logicalSize; /// 0x168 public readonly uint attributesFile_clumpSize; /// 0x16C public readonly uint attributesFile_totalBlocks; /// 0x170 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_startBlock0; /// 0x174 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_blockCount0; /// 0x178 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_startBlock1; /// 0x17C public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_blockCount1; /// 0x180 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_startBlock2; /// 0x184 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_blockCount2; /// 0x188 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_startBlock3; /// 0x18C public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_blockCount3; /// 0x190 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_startBlock4; /// 0x194 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_blockCount4; /// 0x198 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_startBlock5; /// 0x19C public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_blockCount5; /// 0x1A0 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_startBlock6; /// 0x1A4 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_blockCount6; /// 0x1A8 public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_startBlock7; /// 0x1AC public readonly uint attributesFile_extents_blockCount7; // HFSPlusForkData startupFile; /// 0x1B0 public readonly ulong startupFile_logicalSize; /// 0x1B8 public readonly uint startupFile_clumpSize; /// 0x1BC public readonly uint startupFile_totalBlocks; /// 0x1C0 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_startBlock0; /// 0x1C4 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_blockCount0; /// 0x1C8 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_startBlock1; /// 0x1D0 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_blockCount1; /// 0x1D4 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_startBlock2; /// 0x1D8 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_blockCount2; /// 0x1DC public readonly uint startupFile_extents_startBlock3; /// 0x1E0 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_blockCount3; /// 0x1E4 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_startBlock4; /// 0x1E8 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_blockCount4; /// 0x1EC public readonly uint startupFile_extents_startBlock5; /// 0x1F0 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_blockCount5; /// 0x1F4 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_startBlock6; /// 0x1F8 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_blockCount6; /// 0x1FC public readonly uint startupFile_extents_startBlock7; /// 0x200 public readonly uint startupFile_extents_blockCount7; } } }