/*************************************************************************** FileSystem identifier and checker ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Filename : FAT.cs Version : 1.0 Author(s) : Natalia Portillo Component : Filesystem plugins Revision : $Revision$ Last change by : $Author$ Date : $Date$ --[ Description ] ---------------------------------------------------------- Identifies FAT12/16/32 filesystems and shows information. --[ License ] -------------------------------------------------------------- This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see . ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright (C) 2011-2014 Claunia.com ****************************************************************************/ //$Id$ using System; using System.Text; using FileSystemIDandChk; // TODO: Implement detecting DOS bootable disks // TODO: Implement detecting Atari TOS bootable disks and printing corresponding fields namespace FileSystemIDandChk.Plugins { class FAT : Plugin { public FAT(PluginBase Core) { Name = "Microsoft File Allocation Table"; PluginUUID = new Guid("33513B2C-0D26-0D2D-32C3-79D8611158E0"); } public override bool Identify(ImagePlugins.ImagePlugin imagePlugin, ulong partitionOffset) { byte media_descriptor; // Not present on DOS <= 3, present on TOS but != of first FAT entry byte fats_no; // Must be 1 or 2. Dunno if it can be 0 in the wild, but it CANNOT BE bigger than 2 byte[] fat32_signature = new byte[8]; // "FAT32 " UInt32 first_fat_entry; // No matter FAT size we read 4 bytes for checking UInt16 bps, rsectors; byte[] bpb_sector = imagePlugin.ReadSector(0 + partitionOffset); byte[] fat_sector; fats_no = bpb_sector[0x010]; // FATs, 1 or 2, maybe 0, never bigger media_descriptor = bpb_sector[0x015]; // Media Descriptor if present is in 0x15 Array.Copy(bpb_sector, 0x52, fat32_signature, 0, 8); // FAT32 signature, if present, is in 0x52 bps = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x00B); // Bytes per sector if (bps == 0) bps = 0x200; rsectors = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x00E); // Sectors between BPB and FAT, including the BPB sector => [BPB,FAT) if (rsectors == 0) rsectors = 1; if (imagePlugin.GetSectors() > ((ulong)rsectors + partitionOffset)) fat_sector = imagePlugin.ReadSector(rsectors + partitionOffset); // First FAT entry else return false; first_fat_entry = BitConverter.ToUInt32(fat_sector, 0); // Easier to manage if (MainClass.isDebug) { Console.WriteLine("FAT: fats_no = {0}", fats_no); Console.WriteLine("FAT: media_descriptor = 0x{0:X2}", media_descriptor); Console.WriteLine("FAT: fat32_signature = {0}", StringHandlers.CToString(fat32_signature)); Console.WriteLine("FAT: bps = {0}", bps); Console.WriteLine("FAT: first_fat_entry = 0x{0:X8}", first_fat_entry); } if (fats_no > 2) // Must be 1 or 2, but as TOS makes strange things and I have not checked if it puts this to 0, ignore if 0. MUST NOT BE BIGGER THAN 2! return false; // Let's start the fun if (Encoding.ASCII.GetString(fat32_signature) == "FAT32 ") return true; // Seems easy, check reading if ((first_fat_entry & 0xFFFFFFF0) == 0xFFFFFFF0) // Seems to be FAT16 { if ((first_fat_entry & 0xFF) == media_descriptor) return true; // It MUST be FAT16, or... maybe not :S } else if ((first_fat_entry & 0x00FFFFF0) == 0x00FFFFF0) { //if((first_fat_entry & 0xFF) == media_descriptor) // Pre DOS<4 does not implement this, TOS does and is != return true; // It MUST be FAT12, or... maybe not :S } return false; } public override void GetInformation(ImagePlugins.ImagePlugin imagePlugin, ulong partitionOffset, out string information) { information = ""; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); byte[] dosString; // Space-padded bool isFAT32 = false; UInt32 first_fat_entry; byte media_descriptor, fats_no; string fat32_signature; UInt16 bps, rsectors; byte[] bpb_sector = imagePlugin.ReadSector(0 + partitionOffset); byte[] fat_sector; fats_no = bpb_sector[0x010]; // FATs, 1 or 2, maybe 0, never bigger media_descriptor = bpb_sector[0x015]; // Media Descriptor if present is in 0x15 dosString = new byte[8]; Array.Copy(bpb_sector, 0x52, dosString, 0, 8); // FAT32 signature, if present, is in 0x52 fat32_signature = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(dosString); bps = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x00B); // Bytes per sector if (bps == 0) bps = 0x200; rsectors = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x00E); // Sectors between BPB and FAT, including the BPB sector => [BPB,FAT) if (rsectors == 0) rsectors = 1; fat_sector = imagePlugin.ReadSector(rsectors + partitionOffset); // First FAT entry first_fat_entry = BitConverter.ToUInt32(fat_sector, 0); // Easier to manage if (fats_no > 2) // Must be 1 or 2, but as TOS makes strange things and I have not checked if it puts this to 0, ignore if 0. MUST NOT BE BIGGER THAN 2! return; // Let's start the fun if (fat32_signature == "FAT32 ") { sb.AppendLine("Microsoft FAT32"); // Seems easy, check reading isFAT32 = true; } else if ((first_fat_entry & 0xFFFFFFF0) == 0xFFFFFFF0) // Seems to be FAT16 { if ((first_fat_entry & 0xFF) == media_descriptor) sb.AppendLine("Microsoft FAT16"); // It MUST be FAT16, or... maybe not :S } else if ((first_fat_entry & 0x00FFFFF0) == 0x00FFFFF0) { //if((first_fat_entry & 0xFF) == media_descriptor) // Pre DOS<4 does not implement this, TOS does and is != sb.AppendLine("Microsoft FAT12"); // It MUST be FAT12, or... maybe not :S } else return; BIOSParameterBlock BPB = new BIOSParameterBlock(); ExtendedParameterBlock EPB = new ExtendedParameterBlock(); FAT32ParameterBlock FAT32PB = new FAT32ParameterBlock(); dosString = new byte[8]; Array.Copy(bpb_sector, 0x03, dosString, 0, 8); BPB.OEMName = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(dosString); BPB.bps = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x0B); BPB.spc = bpb_sector[0x0D]; BPB.rsectors = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x0E); BPB.fats_no = bpb_sector[0x10]; BPB.root_ent = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x11); BPB.sectors = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x13); BPB.media = bpb_sector[0x15]; BPB.spfat = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x16); BPB.sptrk = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x18); BPB.heads = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x1A); BPB.hsectors = BitConverter.ToUInt32(bpb_sector, 0x1C); BPB.big_sectors = BitConverter.ToUInt32(bpb_sector, 0x20); if (isFAT32) { FAT32PB.spfat = BitConverter.ToUInt32(bpb_sector, 0x24); FAT32PB.fat_flags = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x28); FAT32PB.version = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x2A); FAT32PB.root_cluster = BitConverter.ToUInt32(bpb_sector, 0x2C); FAT32PB.fsinfo_sector = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x30); FAT32PB.backup_sector = BitConverter.ToUInt16(bpb_sector, 0x32); FAT32PB.drive_no = bpb_sector[0x40]; FAT32PB.nt_flags = bpb_sector[0x41]; FAT32PB.signature = bpb_sector[0x42]; FAT32PB.serial_no = BitConverter.ToUInt32(bpb_sector, 0x43); dosString = new byte[11]; Array.Copy(bpb_sector, 0x47, dosString, 0, 11); FAT32PB.volume_label = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(dosString); dosString = new byte[8]; Array.Copy(bpb_sector, 0x52, dosString, 0, 8); FAT32PB.fs_type = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(dosString); } else { EPB.drive_no = bpb_sector[0x24]; EPB.nt_flags = bpb_sector[0x25]; EPB.signature = bpb_sector[0x26]; EPB.serial_no = BitConverter.ToUInt32(bpb_sector, 0x27); dosString = new byte[11]; Array.Copy(bpb_sector, 0x2B, dosString, 0, 11); EPB.volume_label = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(dosString); dosString = new byte[8]; Array.Copy(bpb_sector, 0x36, dosString, 0, 8); EPB.fs_type = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(dosString); } sb.AppendFormat("OEM Name: {0}", BPB.OEMName).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} bytes per sector.", BPB.bps).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} sectors per cluster.", BPB.spc).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} sectors reserved between BPB and FAT.", BPB.rsectors).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} FATs.", BPB.fats_no).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} entires on root directory.", BPB.root_ent).AppendLine(); if (BPB.sectors == 0) sb.AppendFormat("{0} sectors on volume ({1} bytes).", BPB.big_sectors, BPB.big_sectors * BPB.bps).AppendLine(); else sb.AppendFormat("{0} sectors on volume ({1} bytes).", BPB.sectors, BPB.sectors * BPB.bps).AppendLine(); if ((BPB.media & 0xF0) == 0xF0) sb.AppendFormat("Media format: 0x{0:X2}", BPB.media).AppendLine(); if (fat32_signature == "FAT32 ") sb.AppendFormat("{0} sectors per FAT.", FAT32PB.spfat).AppendLine(); else sb.AppendFormat("{0} sectors per FAT.", BPB.spfat).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} sectors per track.", BPB.sptrk).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} heads.", BPB.heads).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("{0} hidden sectors before BPB.", BPB.hsectors).AppendLine(); if (isFAT32) { sb.AppendFormat("Cluster of root directory: {0}", FAT32PB.root_cluster).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Sector of FSINFO structure: {0}", FAT32PB.fsinfo_sector).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Sector of backup FAT32 parameter block: {0}", FAT32PB.backup_sector).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Drive number: 0x{0:X2}", FAT32PB.drive_no).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Volume Serial Number: 0x{0:X8}", FAT32PB.serial_no).AppendLine(); if ((FAT32PB.nt_flags & 0x01) == 0x01) { sb.AppendLine("Volume should be checked on next mount."); if ((EPB.nt_flags & 0x02) == 0x02) sb.AppendLine("Disk surface should be checked also."); } sb.AppendFormat("Volume label: {0}", EPB.volume_label).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Filesystem type: {0}", EPB.fs_type).AppendLine(); } else if (EPB.signature == 0x28 || EPB.signature == 0x29) { sb.AppendFormat("Drive number: 0x{0:X2}", EPB.drive_no).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Volume Serial Number: 0x{0:X8}", EPB.serial_no).AppendLine(); if (EPB.signature == 0x29) { if ((EPB.nt_flags & 0x01) == 0x01) { sb.AppendLine("Volume should be checked on next mount."); if ((EPB.nt_flags & 0x02) == 0x02) sb.AppendLine("Disk surface should be checked also."); } sb.AppendFormat("Volume label: {0}", EPB.volume_label).AppendLine(); sb.AppendFormat("Filesystem type: {0}", EPB.fs_type).AppendLine(); } } information = sb.ToString(); } public struct BIOSParameterBlock { public string OEMName; // 0x03, OEM Name, 8 bytes, space-padded public UInt16 bps; // 0x0B, Bytes per sector public byte spc; // 0x0D, Sectors per cluster public UInt16 rsectors; // 0x0E, Reserved sectors between BPB and FAT public byte fats_no; // 0x10, Number of FATs public UInt16 root_ent; // 0x11, Number of entries on root directory public UInt16 sectors; // 0x13, Sectors in volume public byte media; // 0x15, Media descriptor public UInt16 spfat; // 0x16, Sectors per FAT public UInt16 sptrk; // 0x18, Sectors per track public UInt16 heads; // 0x1A, Heads public UInt32 hsectors; // 0x1C, Hidden sectors before BPB public UInt32 big_sectors; // 0x20, Sectors in volume if > 65535 } // This only applies for bootable disks // From http://info-coach.fr/atari/software/FD-Soft.php public struct AtariBootBlock { public UInt16 hsectors; // 0x01C, Atari ST use 16 bit for hidden sectors, probably so did old DOS public UInt16 xflag; // 0x01E, indicates if COMMAND.PRG must be executed after OS load public UInt16 ldmode; // 0x020, load mode for, or 0 if fname indicates boot file public UInt16 bsect; // 0x022, sector from which to boot public UInt16 bsects_no; // 0x024, how many sectors to boot public UInt32 ldaddr; // 0x026, RAM address where boot should be located public UInt32 fatbuf; // 0x02A, RAM address to copy the FAT and root directory public string fname; // 0x02E, 11 bytes, name of boot file public UInt16 reserved; // 0x039, unused public byte[] boot_code; // 0x03B, 451 bytes boot code public UInt16 checksum; // 0x1FE, the sum of all the BPB+ABB must be 0x1234, so this bigendian value works as adjustment } public struct ExtendedParameterBlock { public byte drive_no; // 0x24, Drive number public byte nt_flags; // 0x25, Volume flags if NT (must be 0x29 signature) public byte signature; // 0x26, EPB signature, 0x28 or 0x29 public UInt32 serial_no; // 0x27, Volume serial number /* Present only if signature == 0x29 */ public string volume_label; // 0x2B, Volume label, 11 bytes, space-padded public string fs_type; // 0x36, Filesystem type, 8 bytes, space-padded } public struct FAT32ParameterBlock { public UInt32 spfat; // 0x24, Sectors per FAT public UInt16 fat_flags; // 0x28, FAT flags public UInt16 version; // 0x2A, FAT32 version public UInt32 root_cluster; // 0x2C, Cluster of root directory public UInt16 fsinfo_sector; // 0x30, Sector of FSINFO structure public UInt16 backup_sector; // 0x32, Sector of FAT32PB bacup byte[] reserved; // 0x34, 12 reserved bytes public byte drive_no; // 0x40, Drive number public byte nt_flags; // 0x41, Volume flags public byte signature; // 0x42, FAT32PB signature, should be 0x29 public UInt32 serial_no; // 0x43, Volume serial number public string volume_label; // 0x47, Volume label, 11 bytes, space-padded public string fs_type; // 0x52, Filesystem type, 8 bytes, space-padded, must be "FAT32 " } } }