// /***************************************************************************
// The Disc Image Chef
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Filename       : AppleHFS.cs
// Author(s)      : Natalia Portillo <claunia@claunia.com>
//
// Component      : Apple Hierarchical File System plugin.
//
// --[ Description ] ----------------------------------------------------------
//
//     Identifies the Apple Hierarchical File System and shows information.
//
// --[ License ] --------------------------------------------------------------
//
//     This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
//     it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
//     published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
//     License, or (at your option) any later version.
//
//     This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
//     WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
//     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
//     Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
//     You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
//     License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
//
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright © 2011-2020 Natalia Portillo
// ****************************************************************************/

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

// ReSharper disable IdentifierTypo
// ReSharper disable MemberCanBePrivate.Local

namespace DiscImageChef.Filesystems
{
    // Information from Inside Macintosh
    // https://developer.apple.com/legacy/library/documentation/mac/pdf/Files/File_Manager.pdf
    public partial class AppleHFS
    {
        /// <summary>Master Directory Block, should be sector 2 in volume</summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct HfsMasterDirectoryBlock // Should be sector 2 in volume
        {
            /// <summary>0x000, Signature, 0x4244</summary>
            public readonly ushort drSigWord;
            /// <summary>0x002, Volume creation date</summary>
            public readonly uint drCrDate;
            /// <summary>0x006, Volume last modification date</summary>
            public readonly uint drLsMod;
            /// <summary>0x00A, Volume attributes</summary>
            public readonly AppleCommon.VolumeAttributes drAtrb;
            /// <summary>0x00C, Files in root directory</summary>
            public readonly ushort drNmFls;
            /// <summary>0x00E, Start 512-byte sector of volume bitmap</summary>
            public readonly ushort drVBMSt;
            /// <summary>0x010, Allocation block to begin next allocation</summary>
            public readonly ushort drAllocPtr;
            /// <summary>0x012, Allocation blocks</summary>
            public readonly ushort drNmAlBlks;
            /// <summary>0x014, Bytes per allocation block</summary>
            public readonly uint drAlBlkSiz;
            /// <summary>0x018, Bytes to allocate when extending a file</summary>
            public readonly uint drClpSiz;
            /// <summary>0x01C, Start 512-byte sector of first allocation block</summary>
            public readonly ushort drAlBlSt;
            /// <summary>0x01E, CNID for next file</summary>
            public readonly uint drNxtCNID;
            /// <summary>0x022, Free allocation blocks</summary>
            public readonly ushort drFreeBks;
            /// <summary>0x024, Volume name (28 bytes)</summary>
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 28)]
            public readonly byte[] drVN;
            /// <summary>0x040, Volume last backup time</summary>
            public readonly uint drVolBkUp;
            /// <summary>0x044, Volume backup sequence number</summary>
            public readonly ushort drVSeqNum;
            /// <summary>0x046, Filesystem write count</summary>
            public readonly uint drWrCnt;
            /// <summary>0x04A, Bytes to allocate when extending the extents B-Tree</summary>
            public readonly uint drXTClpSiz;
            /// <summary>0x04E, Bytes to allocate when extending the catalog B-Tree</summary>
            public readonly uint drCTClpSiz;
            /// <summary>0x052, Number of directories in root directory</summary>
            public readonly ushort drNmRtDirs;
            /// <summary>0x054, Number of files in the volume</summary>
            public readonly uint drFilCnt;
            /// <summary>0x058, Number of directories in the volume</summary>
            public readonly uint drDirCnt;
            /// <summary>0x05C, finderInfo[0], CNID for bootable system's directory</summary>
            public readonly uint drFndrInfo0;
            /// <summary>0x060, finderInfo[1], CNID of the directory containing the boot application</summary>
            public readonly uint drFndrInfo1;
            /// <summary>0x064, finderInfo[2], CNID of the directory that should be opened on boot</summary>
            public readonly uint drFndrInfo2;
            /// <summary>0x068, finderInfo[3], CNID for Mac OS 8 or 9 directory</summary>
            public readonly uint drFndrInfo3;
            /// <summary>0x06C, finderInfo[4], Reserved</summary>
            public readonly uint drFndrInfo4;
            /// <summary>0x070, finderInfo[5], CNID for Mac OS X directory</summary>
            public readonly uint drFndrInfo5;
            /// <summary>0x074, finderInfo[6], first part of Mac OS X volume ID</summary>
            public readonly uint drFndrInfo6;
            /// <summary>0x078, finderInfo[7], second part of Mac OS X volume ID</summary>
            public readonly uint drFndrInfo7;

            // If wrapping HFS+
            /// <summary>0x07C, Embedded volume signature, "H+" if HFS+ is embedded ignore following two fields if not</summary>
            public readonly ushort drEmbedSigWord;
            /// <summary>0x07E, Starting block number of embedded HFS+ volume</summary>
            public readonly ushort xdrStABNt;
            /// <summary>0x080, Allocation blocks used by embedded volume</summary>
            public readonly ushort xdrNumABlks;

            // If not
            /// <summary>0x07C, Size in blocks of volume cache</summary>
            public readonly ushort drVCSize;
            /// <summary>0x07E, Size in blocks of volume bitmap cache</summary>
            public readonly ushort drVBMCSize;
            /// <summary>0x080, Size in blocks of volume common cache</summary>
            public readonly ushort drCtlCSize;

            // End of variable variables :D
            /// <summary>0x082, Bytes in the extents B-Tree 3 HFS extents following, 32 bits each</summary>
            public readonly uint drXTFlSize;
            /// <summary>0x092, Bytes in the catalog B-Tree 3 HFS extents following, 32 bits each</summary>
            public readonly uint drCTFlSize;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct NodeDescriptor
        {
            /// <summary>A link to the next node of this type, or <c>null</c> if this is the last one.</summary>
            public readonly uint ndFLink;
            /// <summary>A link to the previous node of this type, or <c>null</c> if this is the first one.</summary>
            public readonly uint ndBLink;
            /// <summary>The type of this node.</summary>
            public readonly NodeType ndType;
            /// <summary>The depth of this node in the B*-tree hierarchy. Maximum depth is apparently 8.</summary>
            public readonly sbyte ndNHeight;
            /// <summary>The number of records contained in this node.</summary>
            public readonly ushort ndNRecs;
            /// <summary>Reserved, should be 0.</summary>
            public readonly ushort ndResv2;
        }

        /// <summary>B*-tree header</summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct BTHdrRed
        {
            /// <summary>Current depth of tree.</summary>
            public readonly ushort bthDepth;
            /// <summary>Number of root node.</summary>
            public readonly uint bthRoot;
            /// <summary>Number of leaf records in tree.</summary>
            public readonly uint bthNRecs;
            /// <summary>Number of first leaf node.</summary>
            public readonly uint bthFNode;
            /// <summary>Number of last leaf node.</summary>
            public readonly uint bthLNode;
            /// <summary>Size of a node.</summary>
            public readonly ushort bthNodeSize;
            /// <summary>Maximum length of a key.</summary>
            public readonly ushort bthKeyLen;
            /// <summary>Total number of nodes in tree.</summary>
            public readonly uint bthNNodes;
            /// <summary>Number of free nodes.</summary>
            public readonly uint bthFree;
            /// <summary>Reserved</summary>
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 76)]
            public readonly sbyte[] bthResv;
        }

        /// <summary>Catalog key record</summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct CatKeyRec
        {
            /// <summary>Key length.</summary>
            public readonly sbyte ckrKeyLen;
            /// <summary>Reserved.</summary>
            public readonly sbyte ckrResrv1;
            /// <summary>Parent directory ID.</summary>
            public readonly uint ckrParID;
            /// <summary>Catalog node name. Full 32 bytes in index nodes but only the needed bytes, padded to word, in leaf nodes.</summary>
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 32)]
            public readonly byte[] ckrCName;
        }

        /// <summary>Catalog data record header</summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct CatDataRec
        {
            public readonly CatDataType cdrType;
            public readonly sbyte       cdrResvr2;
        }

        /// <summary>Directory record</summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct CdrDirRec
        {
            public readonly CatDataRec dirHdr;
            /// <summary>Directory flags.</summary>
            public readonly ushort dirFlags;
            /// <summary>Directory valence.</summary>
            public readonly ushort dirVal;
            /// <summary>Directory ID.</summary>
            public readonly uint dirDirID;
            /// <summary>Date and time of creation.</summary>
            public readonly uint dirCrDat;
            /// <summary>Date and time of last modification.</summary>
            public readonly uint dirMdDat;
            /// <summary>Date and time of last backup.</summary>
            public readonly uint dirBkDat;
            /// <summary>Finder information.</summary>
            public readonly AppleCommon.DInfo dirUsrInfo;
            /// <summary>Additional Finder information.</summary>
            public readonly AppleCommon.DXInfo dirFndrInfo;
            /// <summary>Reserved</summary>
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 4)]
            public readonly uint[] dirResrv;
        }

        /// <summary>File record</summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct CdrFilRec
        {
            public readonly CatDataRec filHdr;
            /// <summary>File flags.</summary>
            public readonly sbyte filFlags;
            /// <summary>File type.</summary>
            public readonly sbyte filType;
            /// <summary>Finder information.</summary>
            public readonly AppleCommon.FInfo filUsrWds;
            /// <summary>File ID.</summary>
            public readonly uint filFlNum;
            /// <summary>First allocation block of data fork.</summary>
            public readonly ushort filStBlk;
            /// <summary>Logical EOF of data fork.</summary>
            public readonly uint filLgLen;
            /// <summary>Physical EOF of data fork.</summary>
            public readonly uint filPyLen;
            /// <summary>First allocation block of resource fork.</summary>
            public readonly ushort filRStBlk;
            /// <summary>Logical EOF of resource fork.</summary>
            public readonly uint filRLgLen;
            /// <summary>Physical EOF of resource fork.</summary>
            public readonly uint filRPyLen;
            /// <summary>Date and time of creation.</summary>
            public readonly uint filCrDat;
            /// <summary>Date and time of last modification.</summary>
            public readonly uint filMdDat;
            /// <summary>Date and time of last backup.</summary>
            public readonly uint filBkDat;
            /// <summary>Additional Finder information.</summary>
            public readonly AppleCommon.FXInfo filFndrInfo;
            /// <summary>File clump size.</summary>
            public readonly ushort filClpSize;
            /// <summary>First data fork extent record.</summary>
            public readonly ExtDataRec filExtRec;
            /// <summary>First resource fork extent record.</summary>
            public readonly ExtDataRec filRExtRec;
            /// <summary>Reserved</summary>
            public readonly uint filResrv;
        }

        /// <summary>Directory thread record</summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct CdrThdRec
        {
            public readonly CatDataRec thdHdr;
            /// <summary>Reserved.</summary>
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 2)]
            public readonly uint[] thdResrv;
            /// <summary>Parent ID for this directory.</summary>
            public readonly uint thdParID;
            /// <summary>Name of this directory.</summary>
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 32)]
            public readonly byte[] thdCName;
        }

        /// <summary>File thread record</summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct CdrFThdRec
        {
            public readonly CatDataRec fthdHdr;
            /// <summary>Reserved.</summary>
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 2)]
            public readonly uint[] fthdResrv;
            /// <summary>Parent ID for this file.</summary>
            public readonly uint fthdParID;
            /// <summary>Name of this file.</summary>
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 32)]
            public readonly byte[] fthdCName;
        }

        /// <summary>Extent descriptor</summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct ExtDescriptor
        {
            /// <summary>First allocation block</summary>
            public readonly ushort xdrStABN;
            /// <summary>Number of allocation blocks</summary>
            public readonly ushort xdrNumABlks;
        }

        /// <summary>Extent data record</summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct ExtDataRec
        {
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 3)]
            public readonly ExtDescriptor[] xdr;
        }

        /// <summary>Extent key record</summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
        struct ExtKeyRec
        {
            /// <summary>Key length.</summary>
            public readonly sbyte xkrKeyLen;
            /// <summary>Fork type.</summary>
            public readonly ForkType xkrFkType;
            /// <summary>File number.</summary>
            public readonly uint xkrFNum;
            /// <summary>Starting file allocation block.</summary>
            public readonly ushort xkrFABN;
        }
    }
}