Files
Aaru/Aaru.Decoders/Floppy/AppleSony.cs

523 lines
16 KiB
C#

// /***************************************************************************
// Aaru Data Preservation Suite
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Filename : AppleSony.cs
// Author(s) : Natalia Portillo <claunia@claunia.com>
//
// Component : Device structures decoders.
//
// --[ Description ] ----------------------------------------------------------
//
// Decodes Apple/Sony floppy structures.
//
// --[ License ] --------------------------------------------------------------
//
// This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
// published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
// License, or (at your option) any later version.
//
// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
// WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
// Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
// License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
//
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright © 2011-2023 Natalia Portillo
// ****************************************************************************/
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace Aaru.Decoders.Floppy;
// Information from:
// Inside Macintosh, Volume II, ISBN 0-201-17732-3
/// <summary>Methods and structures for Apple Sony GCR floppy decoding</summary>
[SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "InconsistentNaming")]
[SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "MemberCanBeInternal")]
[SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "MemberCanBePrivate.Global")]
[SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "NotAccessedField.Global")]
[SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "UnusedMember.Global")]
[SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "UnusedType.Global")]
[SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "OutParameterValueIsAlwaysDiscarded.Global")]
public static class AppleSony
{
public static byte[] DecodeSector(RawSector sector)
{
if(sector.addressField.prologue[0] != 0xD5 ||
sector.addressField.prologue[1] != 0xAA ||
sector.addressField.prologue[2] != 0x96)
return null;
var bf1 = new byte[175];
var bf2 = new byte[175];
var bf3 = new byte[175];
byte[] nib_data = sector.dataField.data;
var ms = new MemoryStream();
var j = 0;
byte w3 = 0;
for(var i = 0; i <= 174; i++)
{
byte w4 = nib_data[j++];
byte w1 = nib_data[j++];
byte w2 = nib_data[j++];
if(i != 174)
w3 = nib_data[j++];
bf1[i] = (byte)((w1 & 0x3F | w4 << 2 & 0xC0) & 0x0F);
bf2[i] = (byte)((w2 & 0x3F | w4 << 4 & 0xC0) & 0x0F);
bf3[i] = (byte)((w3 & 0x3F | w4 << 6 & 0xC0) & 0x0F);
}
j = 0;
uint ck1 = 0;
uint ck2 = 0;
uint ck3 = 0;
while(true)
{
ck1 = (ck1 & 0xFF) << 1;
if((ck1 & 0x0100) > 0)
ck1++;
var carry = (byte)((bf1[j] ^ ck1) & 0xFF);
ck3 += carry;
if((ck1 & 0x0100) > 0)
{
ck3++;
ck1 &= 0xFF;
}
ms.WriteByte(carry);
carry = (byte)((bf2[j] ^ ck3) & 0xFF);
ck2 += carry;
if(ck3 > 0xFF)
{
ck2++;
ck3 &= 0xFF;
}
ms.WriteByte(carry);
if(ms.Length == 524)
break;
carry = (byte)((bf3[j] ^ ck2) & 0xFF);
ck1 += carry;
if(ck2 > 0xFF)
{
ck1++;
ck2 &= 0xFF;
}
ms.WriteByte(carry);
j++;
}
return ms.ToArray();
// Not Apple Sony GCR?
}
public static RawSector MarshalSector(byte[] data, int offset = 0) => MarshalSector(data, out _, offset);
public static RawSector MarshalSector(byte[] data, out int endOffset, int offset = 0)
{
endOffset = offset;
// Not an Apple ][ GCR sector
if(data == null || data.Length < 363)
return null;
int position = offset;
try
{
while(position < data.Length)
{
// Prologue found
if(data[position] == 0xD5 && data[position + 1] == 0xAA && data[position + 2] == 0x96)
{
// Epilogue not in correct position
if(data[position + 8] != 0xDE || data[position + 9] != 0xAA)
return null;
var sector = new RawSector
{
addressField = new RawAddressField
{
prologue = new[]
{
data[position], data[position + 1], data[position + 2]
},
track = data[position + 3],
sector = data[position + 4],
side = data[position + 5],
format = (AppleEncodedFormat)data[position + 6],
checksum = data[position + 7],
epilogue = new[]
{
data[position + 8], data[position + 9]
}
}
};
position += 10;
var syncCount = 0;
var onSync = false;
var gaps = new MemoryStream();
while(data[position] == 0xFF)
{
gaps.WriteByte(data[position]);
syncCount++;
onSync = syncCount >= 5;
position++;
}
// Lost sync
if(!onSync)
return null;
// Prologue not found
if(data[position] != 0xDE || data[position + 1] != 0xAA || data[position + 2] != 0xAD)
return null;
sector.innerGap = gaps.ToArray();
sector.dataField = new RawDataField
{
prologue = new[]
{
data[position], data[position + 1], data[position + 2]
},
spare = data[position + 3]
};
position += 4;
gaps = new MemoryStream();
// Read data until epilogue is found
while(data[position + 4] != 0xD5 || data[position + 5] != 0xAA)
{
gaps.WriteByte(data[position]);
position++;
// No space left for epilogue
if(position + 7 > data.Length)
return null;
}
sector.dataField.data = gaps.ToArray();
sector.dataField.checksum = new byte[4];
sector.dataField.checksum[0] = data[position];
sector.dataField.checksum[1] = data[position + 2];
sector.dataField.checksum[2] = data[position + 3];
sector.dataField.checksum[3] = data[position + 4];
sector.dataField.epilogue = new byte[2];
sector.dataField.epilogue[0] = data[position + 5];
sector.dataField.epilogue[1] = data[position + 6];
position += 7;
gaps = new MemoryStream();
// Read gap, if any
while(position < data.Length && data[position] == 0xFF)
{
gaps.WriteByte(data[position]);
position++;
}
// Reduces last sector gap so doesn't eat next tracks's gap
if(gaps.Length > 5)
{
gaps.SetLength(gaps.Length / 2);
position -= (int)gaps.Length;
}
sector.gap = gaps.ToArray();
// Return current position to be able to read separate sectors
endOffset = position;
return sector;
}
if(data[position] == 0xFF)
position++;
// Found data that is not sync or a prologue
else
return null;
}
}
catch(IndexOutOfRangeException)
{
return null;
}
return null;
}
public static byte[] MarshalAddressField(RawAddressField addressField)
{
if(addressField == null)
return null;
var raw = new MemoryStream();
raw.Write(addressField.prologue, 0, addressField.prologue.Length);
raw.WriteByte(addressField.track);
raw.WriteByte(addressField.sector);
raw.WriteByte(addressField.side);
raw.WriteByte((byte)addressField.format);
raw.WriteByte(addressField.checksum);
return raw.ToArray();
}
public static byte[] MarshalSector(RawSector sector)
{
if(sector == null)
return null;
var raw = new MemoryStream();
raw.Write(sector.addressField.prologue, 0, sector.addressField.prologue.Length);
raw.WriteByte(sector.addressField.track);
raw.WriteByte(sector.addressField.sector);
raw.WriteByte(sector.addressField.side);
raw.WriteByte((byte)sector.addressField.format);
raw.WriteByte(sector.addressField.checksum);
raw.Write(sector.innerGap, 0, sector.innerGap.Length);
raw.Write(sector.dataField.prologue, 0, sector.dataField.prologue.Length);
raw.WriteByte(sector.dataField.spare);
raw.Write(sector.dataField.data, 0, sector.dataField.data.Length);
raw.Write(sector.dataField.checksum, 0, sector.dataField.checksum.Length);
raw.Write(sector.dataField.epilogue, 0, sector.dataField.epilogue.Length);
raw.Write(sector.gap, 0, sector.gap.Length);
return raw.ToArray();
}
public static RawTrack MarshalTrack(byte[] data, int offset = 0) => MarshalTrack(data, out _, offset);
public static RawTrack MarshalTrack(byte[] data, out int endOffset, int offset = 0)
{
int position = offset;
var firstSector = true;
var onSync = false;
var gaps = new MemoryStream();
var count = 0;
List<RawSector> sectors = new();
byte trackNumber = 0;
byte sideNumber = 0;
endOffset = offset;
while(position < data.Length && data[position] == 0xFF)
{
gaps.WriteByte(data[position]);
count++;
position++;
onSync = count >= 5;
}
if(position >= data.Length)
return null;
if(!onSync)
return null;
while(position < data.Length)
{
int oldPosition = position;
RawSector sector = MarshalSector(data, out position, position);
if(sector == null)
break;
if(firstSector)
{
trackNumber = sector.addressField.track;
sideNumber = sector.addressField.side;
firstSector = false;
}
if(sector.addressField.track != trackNumber || sector.addressField.side != sideNumber)
{
position = oldPosition;
break;
}
sectors.Add(sector);
}
if(sectors.Count == 0)
return null;
var track = new RawTrack
{
gap = gaps.ToArray(),
sectors = sectors.ToArray()
};
endOffset = position;
return track;
}
public static byte[] MarshalTrack(RawTrack track)
{
if(track == null)
return null;
var raw = new MemoryStream();
raw.Write(track.gap, 0, track.gap.Length);
foreach(byte[] rawSector in track.sectors.Select(MarshalSector))
raw.Write(rawSector, 0, rawSector.Length);
return raw.ToArray();
}
public static List<RawTrack> MarshalDisk(byte[] data, int offset = 0) => MarshalDisk(data, out _, offset);
public static List<RawTrack> MarshalDisk(byte[] data, out int endOffset, int offset = 0)
{
endOffset = offset;
List<RawTrack> tracks = new();
int position = offset;
RawTrack track = MarshalTrack(data, out position, position);
while(track != null)
{
tracks.Add(track);
track = MarshalTrack(data, out position, position);
}
if(tracks.Count == 0)
return null;
endOffset = position;
return tracks;
}
public static byte[] MarshalDisk(List<RawTrack> disk) => MarshalDisk(disk.ToArray());
public static byte[] MarshalDisk(RawTrack[] disk)
{
if(disk == null)
return null;
var raw = new MemoryStream();
foreach(byte[] rawTrack in disk.Select(MarshalTrack))
raw.Write(rawTrack, 0, rawTrack.Length);
return raw.ToArray();
}
public static bool IsAppleSonyGCR(byte[] data)
{
RawSector sector = MarshalSector(data, out int position);
return sector != null && position != 0;
}
#region Nested type: RawAddressField
/// <summary>GCR-encoded Apple Sony GCR floppy sector address field</summary>
public sealed class RawAddressField
{
/// <summary>Checksum</summary>
public byte checksum;
/// <summary>Always 0xDE, 0xAA</summary>
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 2)]
public byte[] epilogue;
/// <summary>Disk format</summary>
public AppleEncodedFormat format;
/// <summary>Always 0xD5, 0xAA, 0x96</summary>
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 3)]
public byte[] prologue;
/// <summary>Encoded sector number</summary>
public byte sector;
/// <summary>Encoded side number</summary>
public byte side;
/// <summary>Encoded (decodedTrack &amp; 0x3F)</summary>
public byte track;
}
#endregion
#region Nested type: RawDataField
/// <summary>GCR-encoded Apple ][ GCR floppy sector data field</summary>
public sealed class RawDataField
{
/// <summary>Checksum</summary>
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 4)]
public byte[] checksum;
/// <summary>Encoded data bytes.</summary>
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 698)]
public byte[] data;
/// <summary>Always 0xDE, 0xAA</summary>
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 2)]
public byte[] epilogue;
/// <summary>Always 0xD5, 0xAA, 0xAD</summary>
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 3)]
public byte[] prologue;
/// <summary>Spare, usually <see cref="RawAddressField.sector" /></summary>
public byte spare;
}
#endregion
#region Nested type: RawSector
/// <summary>GCR-encoded Apple Sony GCR floppy sector</summary>
public sealed class RawSector
{
/// <summary>Address field</summary>
public RawAddressField addressField;
/// <summary>Data field</summary>
public RawDataField dataField;
/// <summary>Track preamble, set to self-sync 0xFF, unknown size</summary>
public byte[] gap;
/// <summary>Track preamble, set to self-sync 0xFF, 6 bytes</summary>
public byte[] innerGap;
}
#endregion
#region Nested type: RawTrack
/// <summary>GCR-encoded Apple Sony GCR floppy track</summary>
public sealed class RawTrack
{
/// <summary>Track preamble, set to self-sync 0xFF, 36 bytes</summary>
public byte[] gap;
public RawSector[] sectors;
}
#endregion
}