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*** VSF (Vice Snapshot File, saved-session file)
*** Document revision: 1.2
*** Last updated: Oct 1, 2007
*** Compiler/Editor: Peter Schepers
*** Contributors/sources: VICE documentation
These files are the saved-session files, similar to C64s FRZ and PC64
saved-session files, which contains the entire state of the CPU, RAM, ROM
and I/O of the current emulator session. The typical file extension is
".VSF"
There was a claim that VICE was using the extension ".S64" for its
snapshot files. A package called UnQuill (in unquill.txt and unquill.c)
makes mention of VICE saving snapshot files with such an extension. As it
turns out, the UNIX version of VICE doesn't attach an extension when saving
a snapshot and the author of UnQuill chose S64 as the extension to save
them with. Therefore S64 files, if they exist, are an incorrectly named
VICE snapshot file from the UNIX world.
The internal structure of a VICE snapshot is a signature, followed by a
series of modules, where the module types are determined by the CPU which
VICE is emulating. That is, if you are running the VICE VIC-20 emulator,
the modules will not all be the same as the C64 emulator.
The modules contain individual chip or device states, not the complete
state of the emulator. The snapshot format was designed to be as
implementation-independent as possible, to allow reuse of snapshots in
later versions of the VICE emulator, or even in other emulators.
The VICE signature is the simple text string...
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 56 49 43 45 20 53 6E 61 70 73 68 6F 74 20 46 69 VICEúSnapshotúFi
0010: 6C 65 1A 00 00 43 31 32 38 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 leúúúC128úúúúúúú
0020: 00 00 00 00 00 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. úúúúú...........
Bytes: $00-12 - VICE signature "VICE Snapshot File" in ASCII followed
by a $1A (and padded with $00 if necessary)
13-14 - Snapshot version $00/$00 (major/minor)
15-24 - Name of emulated machine in ASCII (padded with $00).
The current machines emulated are (not stored with
quotes):
"PET"
"CBM-II"
"VIC20"
"C64"
"C128"
From now on, the snapshot file contains MODULES, with the module name
stored in ASCII. As stated earlier, each emulated machine type contains
certain modules. Note that each HEX dump which follows will be starting as
though it is at offset $0000, which means that each one is treated as
though it was its own file. This makes it easier to break down the module.
The list below shows what modules belong to what machines:
C64 - MAINCPU, C64MEM, C64ROM, VIC-II, CIA1, CIA2, SID, REU, ACIA1, TPI
C128 - MAINCPU, C128MEM, C128ROM, VIC-II, CIA1, CIA2, SID, ACIA1, TPI
(Not yet supported are the 80 column video chip, cartridges and
RAM expansion unit.)
VIC20 - MAINCPU, VIC20MEM, VIC20ROM, VIC-I, VIA1, VIA2
PET - MAINCPU, PETMEM, PETROM, CRTC, PIA1, PIA2, VIA, ACIA1
CBM-II - MAINCPU, CBM2MEM, CBM2ROM, CRTC, VIC-II, CIA1, TPI1, TPI2, ACIA1,
SID
There were certain modules which were either under construction or
included no description at all at the time of writing this document. These
include:
MAINCPU (under construction)
DRIVE module layout (no description)
RIOT module (no description)
SID, VIC-I & VIC-II modules (no breakdown)
REU module(s) (no breakdown)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The MAINCPU Module:
Chip type: 6502 (6509 for CBM-II) (still under construction)
Although usually the CPU is a 6510 (6509 on CBM-II, 6502 on VIC-20), only
the 6502 core is saved here. You will also find a clock value here. All
other modules save their own clock values relative to this value. The drive
modules save their clocks relative to their appropriate CPUs.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 4D 41 49 4E 43 50 55 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 MAINCPUúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 35 00 00 00 F8 0E AA 00 00 00 00 F3 5E C2 úú5úúúøúªúúúúó^Â
0020: 22 F0 01 00 00 F1 00 AA 00 32 15 09 00 2B 00 00 "ðúúúñúªú2úúú+úú
0030: 00 33 FE A9 00 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ú3þ©ú...........
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("MAINCPU"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016-0019 - CPU clock value (lo/hi)
001A - A register (accumulator)
001B - X register
001C - Y register
001D - Stack pointer
001E-001F - Program counter
0020 - Status register
0021-0024 - Last opcode
0025-0028 - Clock value when IRQ line active
0029-002C - Clock value when NMI line active
002D-0030 - ???
0031-0034 - ???
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The C64MEM Module:
Chip type: Memory - Holds the RAM contents of the C64. Also the CPU I/O
register contents are saved here. This module is
mandatory.
The size of the C64 memory modules differs with each different memory
configuration. The RAM configuration is saved in the snapshot, and restored
when the snapshot is loaded. The attached cartridges are not yet saved and
not yet restored upon load.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 43 36 34 4D 45 4D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C64MEMúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 00 00 1A 00 01 00 37 2F 00 00 2F 37 00 AA B1 91 úúúúúú7/úú/7úª±‘
0020: B3 22 22 00 00 00 00 FF 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ³""úúúúúúúúúúúúú
0030: 19 16 00 0A 76 A3 00 00 00 00 00 00 76 A3 B3 BD úúúúv£úúúúúúv£³½
0040: 00 00 00 00 00 01 08 03 08 03 08 03 08 00 A0 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúú ú
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("C64MEM"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $00/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - CPU Port data byte (RAM location $01)
0017 - CPU Port direction byte (RAM location $00)
0018 - State of the EXROM cartridge line
0019 - State of the GAME cartridge line
001A-10019 - 64K RAM dump
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The C64ROM Module:
Chip type: ROMs - A dump of the system ROMs (optional)
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 43 36 34 52 4F 4D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C64ROMúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 00 00 16 50 00 00 85 56 20 0F BC A5 61 C9 88 90 úúúPúú…Vúú¼¥aɈ<C389>
0020: 03 20 D4 BA 20 CC BC A5 07 18 69 81 F0 F3 38 E9 úúÔºú̼¥úúi<C3BA>ðó8é
0030: 01 48 A2 05 B5 69 B4 61 95 61 94 69 CA 10 F5 A5 úH¢úµi´a•a”iÊúõ¥
0040: 56 85 70 20 53 B8 20 B4 BF A9 C4 A0 BF 20 59 E0 V…púS¸ú´¿©Ä ¿úYà
0050: A9 00 85 6F 68 20 B9 BA 60 85 71 84 72 20 CA BB ©ú…ohú¹º`…q„rúÊ»
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("C64ROM"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $00/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), not including this header
0016-2015 - KERNAL ROM dump ($E000-FFFF)
2016-4015 - BASIC ROM dump ($A000-BFFF)
4016-5015 - CHARGEN ROM cump ($D000-DFFF)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The VIC-II Module:
Chip type: 656x - The contents of the VIC-II (C64, C128, or C500). Either
the VIC-II or the CRTC exists, not both in one snapshot.
Breakdown not available as this module is still under construction.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 56 49 43 2D 49 49 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 VIC-IIúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 DD 04 00 00 01 00 01 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E úúÝúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0020: 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0030: 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E 0E úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("VIC-II"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016-04DC - VIC-II register contents
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The CIA1 Module:
Chip type: 6526 (the CIA for the interrupts and the keyboard)
The CIA 6526 is an I/O port chip with 2 8-bit I/O ports, a shift
register, two timers, a Time of Day clock and interrupts.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 43 49 41 31 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CIA1úúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 02 41 00 00 00 7F 00 FF 00 09 2C FF FF 00 00 úúAúúúúúúú,úúúú
0020: 00 01 00 01 01 08 25 40 FF FF 00 40 00 00 00 00 úúúúúú%@úúú@úúúú
0030: 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 2B 1C 00 00 63 08 28 11 00 úúúúúúú+úúúcú(úú
0040: 00 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ú...............
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("CIA1"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/02 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - Output register A (ORA)
0017 - Output register B (ORB)
0018 - Data direction register A (DDRA)
0019 - Data direction register B (DDRB)
001A-001B - Timer A Counter (TAC)
001C-001D - Timer B Counter (TBC)
001E - Time-of-day current 10'th of a second (TOD_TEN)
001F - Time-of-day current seconds (TOD_SEC)
0020 - Time-of-day current minutes (TOD_MIN)
0021 - Time-of-day current hours (TOD_HR)
0022 - Shift register contents (SDR)
0023 - Mask of enabled interrupts (IER)
0024 - Control register A (CRA)
0025 - Control register B (CRB)
0026-0027 - Timer A latch value (TAL)
0028-0029 - Timer B latch value (TBL)
002A - Mask of currently active interrupts (IFR)
002B - Bit 6/7 reflect the PB6/7 toggle bit state. Bit
2/3 reflect the corresponding port bit state
(PBSTATE)
002C - Number of half-bits to still shift in/out of SDR
(SRHBITS)
002D - Time-of-day alarm 10'th of a second (ALARM_TEN)
002E - Time-of-day alarm seconds (ALARM_SEC)
002F - Time-of-day alarm minutes (ALARM_MIN)
0030 - Time-of-day alarm hours (ALARM_HR)
0031 - Current clock minus the clock when ICR was read
last plus 128 (READICR)
0032 - Bit 0: 1= latched for reading, Bit 1: 2=stopped
for writing (TODLATCHED)
0033 - Time-of-day latched 10'th of a second (TODL_TEN)
0034 - Time-of-day latched seconds (TODL_SEC)
0035 - Time-of-day latched minutes (TODL_MIN)
0036 - Time-of-day latched hours (TODL_HR)
0037-003A - Clock ticks till next 10'th of a second
(TOD_TICKS)
003B-003C - The state bits of the CIA timer A (TASTATE, new
from revision 1.1)
003D-003E - The state bits of the CIA timer B (TBSTATE, new
from revision 1.1)
The last two items have been added in CIA snapshot version 1.1 due to the
improved CIA emulation in the newer VICE versions. Some state bits
correspond to the CIA state as described in the "A Software Model of the
CIA 6526" document by Wolfgang Lorenz, some are delayed versions. For more
read the source file ciatimer.h.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The CIA2 Module:
Chip type: 6526 (the CIA for the userport, IEC-bus and RS232)
(See the CIA1 module for details)
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 43 49 41 32 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CIA2úúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 02 41 00 00 00 97 00 3F 00 FF FF FF FF 00 00 úúAúúú—ú?úúúúúúú
0020: 00 01 00 00 08 08 FF FF FF FF 00 00 00 00 00 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0030: 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 2B 1C 00 00 28 11 28 11 00 úúúúúúú+úúú(ú(úú
0040: 00 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ú...............
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("CIA2"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/02 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016-xxxx - See the CIA1 breakdown for details
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The SID Module:
Chip type: 6581 (SID sound chip of the C64/C128)
Breakdown not available yet, as module is still under construction.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 53 49 44 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 SIDúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 36 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 úú6úúúúúúúúúúúúú
0020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. úúúúúú..........
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("SID"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016-0035 - SID register contents
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The REU Module:
Chip type: None - The RAM Extension Unit state (optional)
Breakdown not available yet.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 52 45 55 31 37 36 34 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 REU1764úúúúúúúúú
0010: 00 00 2A 00 08 00 00 02 00 00 50 4A 00 00 00 00 úú*úúúúúúúPJúúúú
0020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0C 00 76 00 D4 BE úúúúúúúúúúúúvúÔ¾
0030: 81 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 <20>úúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
Bytes: $000000-00000F - Module type ("REU1764"), padded with $00
000010-000011 - Module version $00/00 (major/minor)
000012-000015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
000016-080029 - REU contents
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The C128MEM Module:
Chip type: RAM - Holds the RAM contents of the C64. Also the CPU I/O
register contents are saved here. This module is
mandatory.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 43 31 32 38 4D 45 4D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C128MEMúúúúúúúúú
0010: 00 00 21 00 02 00 00 3F 7F 01 41 B7 04 00 00 01 úú!úúúú?úA·úúúú
0020: 00 2F C3 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9B 00 ú/Ãúúúúúúúúúúú›ú
0030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF 1B 00 00 00 00 00 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0040: 00 00 00 00 00 03 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 1C úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
Bytes: $000000-00000F - Module type ("C128MEM"), padded with $00
000010-000011 - Module version $00/00 (major/minor)
000012-000015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
000016-000021 - MMU registers (MMU)
000022-020020 - 128K RAM dump (banks 0 and 1)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The C128ROM Module:
Chip type: ROMs - Dump of the system ROMs (optional)
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 43 31 32 38 52 4F 4D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 C128ROMúúúúúúúúú
0010: 00 00 16 C0 00 00 A2 FF 78 9A D8 A9 00 8D 00 FF úúúÀúú¢úxšØ©ú<C2A9>úú
0020: A2 0A BD 4B E0 9D 00 D5 CA 10 F7 8D 04 0A 20 CD ¢ú½Kà<4B>úÕÊú÷<C3BA>úúúÍ
0030: E0 20 F0 E1 20 42 E2 20 09 E1 20 3D F6 48 30 07 àúðáúBâúúáú=öH0ú
0040: A9 A5 CD 02 0A F0 03 20 93 E0 20 56 E0 20 00 C0 ©¥Íúúðúú“àúVàúúÀ
Bytes: $000000-00000F - Module type ("C128ROM"), padded with $00
000010-000011 - Module version $00/00 (major/minor)
000012-000015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
000016-002015 - KERNAL ROM dump
002016-00A015 - BASIC ROM dump
00A016-00B015 - EDITOR ROM dump
00B016-00C016 - CHARGEN ROM dump
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The VIC20MEM Module:
Chip type: RAM - Holds the RAM contents of the VIC20. This module is
mandatory.
The size of the VIC20 memory modules differs with each different memory
configuration. The RAM configuration is saved in the snapshot, and restored
when the snapshot is loaded. The attached cartridges are also restored upon
load if they have been saved in the snapshot.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 56 49 43 32 30 4D 45 4D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 VIC20MEMúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 17 A8 00 00 2F 4C 48 D2 AA D1 91 D3 22 22 úúú¨úú/LHҪёÓ""
0020: 00 00 00 00 FF 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 19 16 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0030: 0A 76 C3 00 00 00 00 00 00 76 C3 B3 DD 00 00 00 úvÃúúúúúúvóÝúúú
0040: 00 00 01 12 03 12 03 12 03 12 00 80 00 00 00 80 úúúúúúúúúúú€úúú€
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("VIC20MEM"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - Configuration register: (CONFIG)
Bit 0 set: 3K RAM block present at $0400-0FFF
Bit 1 set: 8K RAM block present at $2000-3FFF
Bit 2 set: 8K RAM block present at $4000-5FFF
Bit 3 set: 8K RAM block present at $6000-7FFF
Bit 5 set: 8K RAM block present at $A000-BFFF
0017-0416 - 1K RAM dump ($0000-03FF)
0417-1416 - 4K RAM dump ($1000-1FFF)
1417-1B16 - 2K Color RAM ($9400-9BFF)
1B17-2816 - 3K RAM dump ($0400-0FFF, if CONFIG bit 0 set)
2817-4816 - 8K RAM dump ($2000-3FFF, if CONFIG bit 1 set)
4817-6816 - 8K RAM dump ($4000-5FFF, if CONFIG bit 2 set)
6817-8816 - 8K RAM dump ($6000-7FFF, if CONFIG bit 3 set)
8817-A816 - 8K RAM dump ($A000-BFFF, if CONFIG bit 5 set)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The VIC20ROM Module:
Chip type: ROMs - Holds the ROM of the VIC20, including possibly attached
cartridges (optional)
The size of the VIC20 memory modules differs with each different memory
configuration. The RAM configuration is saved in the snapshot, and restored
when the snapshot is loaded. The attached cartridges are also restored upon
load if they have been saved in the snapshot.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 56 49 43 32 30 52 4F 4D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 VIC20ROMúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 17 50 00 00 00 0F DC A5 61 C9 88 90 03 20 úúúPúúúúÜ¥aɈ<C389>úú
0020: D4 DA 20 CC DC A5 07 18 69 81 F0 F3 38 E9 01 48 ÔÚúÌÜ¥úúi<C3BA>ðó8éúH
0030: A2 05 B5 69 B4 61 95 61 94 69 CA 10 F5 A5 56 85 ¢úµi´a•a”iÊúõ¥V…
0040: 70 20 53 D8 20 B4 DF A9 C4 A0 DF 20 56 E0 A9 00 púSØú´ß©Ä ßúVà©ú
0050: 85 6F 68 20 B9 DA 60 85 71 84 72 20 CA DB A9 57 …ohú¹Ú`…q„rúÊÛ©W
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("VIC20ROM"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - ROM configuration byte (CONFIG)
Bit 0: 1= ROM block $2xxx enabled.
Bit 1: 1= ROM block $3xxx enabled.
Bit 4: 1= ROM block $6xxx enabled.
Bit 5: 1= ROM block $7xxx enabled.
Bit 6: 1= ROM block $Axxx enabled.
Bit 7: 1= ROM block $Bxxx enabled.
0017-2016 - 8K KERNAL ROM dump ($E000-FFFF)
2017-4016 - 8K BASIC ROM dump ($C000-DFFF)
4017-5016 - 4K Character ROM dump
5017-6016 - 4K ROM image of $2xxx (if CONFIG Bit 0 set)
6017-7016 - 4K ROM image of $3xxx (if CONFIG Bit 1 set)
7017-8016 - 4K ROM image of $6xxx (if CONFIG Bit 4 set)
8017-9016 - 4K ROM image of $7xxx (if CONFIG Bit 5 set)
9017-A016 - 4K ROM image of $Axxx (if CONFIG Bit 6 set)
A017-B016 - 4K ROM image of $Bxxx (if CONFIG Bit 7 set)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The VIC-I Module:
Chip type: 656x - The VIC-I of the VIC20
(Breakdown not available as this module is still under contruction.)
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 56 49 43 2D 49 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 VIC-Iúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 00 00 2B 08 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 06 06 06 06 06 úú+úúúúúúúúúúúúú
0020: 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0030: 06 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0040: 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("VIC-I"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $00/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016-xxxx - VIC-I register contents
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The VIA1 Module:
Chip type: 6522 (the VIA for the interrupts and the keyboard)
The VIA 6522 is the predecessor of the CIA and also an I/O port chip with
2 8-bit I/O ports, a shift register, two timers and interrupts.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 56 49 41 31 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 VIA1úúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 2C 00 00 00 00 00 F7 FF 26 48 05 2C FF AB úú,úúúúú÷ú&Hú,ú«
0020: F9 80 00 40 DE 00 40 00 00 80 FF 00 .. .. .. .. ù€ú@Þú@úú€úú....
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("VIA1"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - Output register A (ORA)
0017 - Data direction register A (DDRA)
0018 - Output register B (ORB)
0019 - Data direction register B (DDRB)
001A-001B - Timer 1 Latch value (T1L)
001C-001D - Timer 1 counter value (T1C)
001E - Timer 2 latch (T2L)
(8 bit as only lower byte is used)
001F-0020 - Timer 2 counter value (T2C)
0021 - RUNFL
bit 7: timer 1 will generate IRQ on underflow
bit 6: timer 2 will generate IRQ on underflow
0022 - Shift register value (SR)
0023 - Auxiliary control register (ACR)
0024 - Peripheral control register (PCR)
0025 - active interrupts (IFR)
0026 - interrupt mask (IER)
0027 - PB7 - bit 7 = pb7 state
0028 - number of half-bits to shift out on SR (SRHBITS)
0029 - CABSTATE
bit 7: state of CA2 pin
bit 6: state of CB2 pin
002A - Port A Input Latch (see ACR bit 0) (ILA)
002B - Port B Input Latch (see ACR bit 1) (ILB)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The VIA2 Module:
Chip type: 6522 (the VIA for the userport, IEC-bus and RS232)
(see the VIA1 module for details)
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 56 49 41 32 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 VIA2úúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 2C 00 00 00 00 80 00 00 FF FF CE 66 FF AB úú,úúúú€úúúúÎfú«
0020: F9 00 00 40 FE 00 02 80 00 C0 7C 00 .. .. .. .. ùúú@þúú€úÀ|ú....
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("VIA2"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016-002B - See the VIA1 breakdown for details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The PETMEM Module:
Chip type: RAM - Holds the RAM contents of the PET. This module is
mandatory.
The size of the PET memory modules differs with each different memory
configuration. The RAM configuration is saved in the snapshot, and restored
when the snapshot is loaded.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 50 45 54 4D 45 4D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 PETMEMúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 02 1D 88 00 00 02 00 20 00 07 4C 73 C3 22 22 úúúˆúúúúúúúLsÃ""
0020: 5B 00 FF 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF 16 13 [úúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0030: 00 08 12 B3 00 00 00 00 00 00 12 B3 E9 CE 00 00 úúú³úúúúúúú³éÎúú
0040: 00 00 00 01 04 03 04 03 04 03 04 00 80 00 00 00 úúúúúúúúúúúú€úúú
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("PETMEM"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/02 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - Configuration value.
Bits 0-3: 0 = 40 col PET without CRTC
1 = 40 col PET with CRTC
2 = 80 col PET (with CRTC)
3 = SuperPET
4 = 8096
5 = 8296
Bit 6: 1= RAM at $9***
Bit 7: 1= RAM at $A***
0017 - Keyboard type.
0 = UK business
1 = Graphics
2 = German business
0018 - memory size of low 32k in k
(possible values 4, 8, 16, 32)
0019 - Value of the 8x96 configuration register
(CONF8X96)
001A - SuperPET config
Bit 0: 1 = $9*** RAM enabled
Bit 1: 1 = RAM write protected
Bit 2: 1 = CTRL register write protected
Bit 3: 0 = DIAG pin active
Bits 4-7: RAM block in use
001B-xxxx - 4-32k RAM (not 8296, size depends on MEMSIZE)
xxxx-xxxx - 2/4k VRAM (not 8296, size depends on CONFIG)
xxxx-xxxx - 64k expansion RAM (SuperPET and 8096 only)
xxxx-xxxx - 128k RAM (8296 only)
xxxx - POSITIONAL
bit 0: 0 = symbolic keyboard mapping
bit 0: 1 = positional mapping
The last item has been added in PETMEM snapshot version 1.1. It is ignored
by earlier restore routines (V1.0) and the V1.1 restore routines do not
change the current setting when reading a V1.0 snapshot.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The PETROM Module:
Chip type: ROMs - Holds the ROM of the PET, including possibly attached
cartridges (optional)
The size of the PET memory modules differs with each different memory
configuration. The RAM configuration is saved in the snapshot, and restored
when the snapshot is loaded.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 50 45 54 52 4F 4D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 PETROMúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 17 50 00 00 04 54 4F 4F 20 4D 41 4E 59 20 úúúPúúúTOOúMANYú
0020: 46 49 4C 45 D3 46 49 4C 45 20 4F 50 45 CE 46 49 FILEÓFILEúOPEÎFI
0030: 4C 45 20 4E 4F 54 20 4F 50 45 CE 46 49 4C 45 20 LEúNOTúOPEÎFILEú
0040: 4E 4F 54 20 46 4F 55 4E C4 0D 53 45 41 52 43 48 NOTúFOUNÄúSEARCH
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("PETROM"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - CONFIG
Bit 0: 1 = $9*** ROM included
Bit 1: 1 = $A*** ROM included
Bit 2: 1 = $B*** ROM included
Bit 3: 1 = $e900-$efff ROM included
0017-xxxx - 4k KERNAL ROM image $f000-$ffff
xxxx-xxxx - 2k EDITOR ROM image $e000-$e7ff
xxxx-xxxx - 2k CHARGEN ROM image
xxxx-xxxx - 4k $9*** ROM image (if CONFIG & 1)
xxxx-xxxx - 4k $A*** ROM image (if CONFIG & 2)
xxxx-xxxx - 4k $B*** ROM image (if CONFIG & 4)
xxxx-xxxx - 4k $C*** ROM image
xxxx-xxxx - 4k $D*** ROM image
xxxx-xxxx - 7 blocks $e900-$efff ROM image (if CONFIG & 8)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The CRTC Module:
Chip type: 6545 - The CRTC of the PET, C6x0 and C7x0. This can even be
included if it is a dump of a PET without CRTC.
This module is still under construction. The values for RASTERY and
RASTERLINE might be bogus.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 43 52 54 43 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CRTCúúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 55 00 00 00 FF 07 00 08 00 20 00 10 FF 1F úúUúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0020: 00 10 00 02 00 3F 28 32 08 20 10 19 1D 00 08 00 úúúúú?(2úúúúúúúú
0030: 00 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1F 06 00 00 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0040: 00 10 B0 09 00 00 00 C0 02 1A 01 00 00 00 00 1C úú°úúúúÀúúúúúúúú
0050: 00 39 01 1D 01 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ú9úúú...........
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("CRTC"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016-0054 - ????
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The PIA1 Module:
Chip type: 6520 (the PIA for the interrupts, tape and the keyboard)
The PIA 6520 is a chip with two I/O ports (Parallel Interface Adapter)
and four additional handshake lines. The chip is much the same for Port A
and B, only that Port A implements handshaking on read operation and port B
on the write operation.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 50 49 41 31 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 PIA1úúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 1D 00 00 00 F9 0F 3C FF 00 3D C0 .. .. .. úúúúúúùú<úú=À...
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("PIA1"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - Output register A (ORA)
0017 - Data Direction Register A (DDRA)
0018 - Control Register A (CTRLA)
0019 - Output register B (ORB)
001A - Data Direction Register B (DDRB)
001B - Control Register B (CTRLB)
001C - Bit 7:state of CA2, Bit 6:state of CB2 (CABSTATE)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The PIA2 Module:
Chip type: 6520 (the PIA for the IEEE488-bus)
(see the PIA1 module for details)
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 50 49 41 32 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 PIA2úúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 1D 00 00 00 FF 00 3C FF FF 3C C0 .. .. .. úúúúúúúú<úú<À...
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("PIA2"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016-001C - See the PIA1 breakdown for details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The VIA Module:
Chip type: 6522 (the VIA for IEEE488, userport, sound)
(see the VIA1 module for details)
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 56 49 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 VIAúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 2C 00 00 00 00 00 DF 1E FF FF CE 7B 0E 58 úú,úúúúúßúúúÎ{úX
0020: 77 00 00 00 0E 40 00 80 00 C0 00 DF .. .. .. .. wúúúú@ú€úÀúß....
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("VIA"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016-002B - See the VIA1 breakdown for details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The CBM2MEM Module:
Chip type: RAM - Holds the RAM contents of the CBM-II models. Also holds
the exec-bank and indirection bank registers. This module
is mandatory.
The size of the CBM-II memory modules differs with each different memory
configuration. The RAM configuration is saved in the snapshot, and restored
when the snapshot is loaded.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 43 42 4D 32 4D 45 4D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CBM2MEMúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 1B 10 02 00 01 00 02 0F 01 0F 01 4C A7 9B úúúúúúúúúúúúúL§›
0020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0030: 00 00 D4 FA 02 00 FF FF 00 FF FF C8 FA 5E FA 01 úúÔúúúúúúúúÈú^úú
0040: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 05 00 02 00 00 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0050: 02 00 00 00 02 00 BD FA 00 00 BD FA 02 00 FF 00 úúúúúú½úúú½úúúúú
0060: 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("CBM2MEM"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - Memory size in 128k blocks (MEMSIZE)
(1=128k, 2=256k, 4=512k, 8=1024k)
0017 - MEMCONFIG
Bit 0 = $f0800-$f0fff RAM
Bit 1 = $f1000-$f1fff RAM
Bit 2 = $f2000-$f3fff RAM
Bit 3 = $f4000-$f5fff RAM
Bit 4 = $f6000-$f7fff RAM
Bit 5 = $fc000-$fcfff RAM
0018 - HWCONFIG
Bit 0: 0 = CRTC
1 = VIC-II video chip
(Basically the destinction between
C500 and C600/700)
0019 - CPUs execution bank register (EXECBANK)
001A - CPUs indirection bank register (INDBANK)
001B-xxxx - 2k system RAM $f0000-$f07ff
xxxx-xxxx - 2k video RAM $fd000-$fd7ff
xxxx-xxxx - RAM dump, size according to MEMSIZE
xxxx-xxxx - if memsize < 1M and CONFIG & 1 then
2k RAM $f0800-$f0fff
xxxx-xxxx - if memsize < 1M and CONFIG & 2 then
4k RAM $f1000-$f1fff
xxxx-xxxx - if memsize < 1M and CONFIG & 4 then
8k RAM $f2000-$f3fff
xxxx-xxxx - if memsize < 1M and CONFIG & 8 then
8k RAM $f4000-$f5fff
xxxx-xxxx - if memsize < 1M and CONFIG & 16 then
8k RAM $f6000-$f7fff
xxxx-xxxx - if memsize < 1M and CONFIG & 32 then
4k RAM $fc000-$fcfff
The RAM arrays are only saved if the RAM itself is less than 1M. If the
memory size is 1M then those areas are taken from the bank 15 area of the
normal RAM.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The CBM2ROM Module:
Chip type: ROMs - Holds the ROM images (optional)
The size of the CBM-II memory modules differs with each different memory
configuration. The RAM configuration is saved in the snapshot, and restored
when the snapshot is loaded.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 43 42 4D 32 52 4F 4D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CBM2ROMúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 17 70 00 00 00 4C 09 EE EA 4C 44 E0 4C FE úúúpúúúLúîêLDàLþ
0020: E0 4C 79 E1 4C 99 E2 4C 3F E0 4C 65 E8 4C DA E0 àLyáL™âL?àLeèLÚà
0030: 4C 25 E0 4C 3A E0 4C 70 E9 4C F8 E6 B0 0E 86 CA L%àL:àLpéLøæ°ú†Ê
0040: 86 CF 84 CB 84 CE 20 CD E0 20 DA E0 A6 CA A4 CB †Ï„Ë„ÎúÍàúÚà¦Ê¤Ë
0050: 60 A2 00 A0 DC 60 A2 50 A0 19 60 A9 00 A2 23 95 `¢ú Ü`¢P ú`©ú¢#•
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("CBM2ROM"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - CONFIG
Bit 1: 1 = $1*** ROM image included
Bit 2: 1 = $2000-$3fff ROM image included
Bit 3: 1 = $4000-$5fff ROM image included
Bit 4: 1 = $6000-$7fff ROM image included
0017-xxxx - 8k KERNAL ROM image ($e000-$efff)
xxxx-xxxx - xK BASIC ROM image
xxxx-xxxx - 4k CHARGEN ROM image
xxxx-xxxx - 4k cartridge ROM image for $1***
(if CONFIG & 2)
xxxx-xxxx - 8k cartridge ROM image for $2000-$3fff
(if CONFIG & 4)
xxxx-xxxx - 8k cartridge ROM image for $4000-$5fff
(if CONFIG & 8)
xxxx-xxxx - 8k cartridge ROM image for $6000-$7fff
(if CONFIG & 16)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The TPI1 Module:
Chip type: 6525 (TPI 1 for IEEE488)
The TPI 6525 is a chip with three I/O ports (Tri-Port-Interface). One of
the ports can double as an interrupt prioritizer. Therefore we also have to
save the states of the interrupt stack etc.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 54 50 49 31 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 TPI1úúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 20 00 00 00 38 3F 00 3F 7D FF E3 00 00 40 úúúúúú8?ú?}úãúú@
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("TPI1"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - Port A output register (PRA)
0017 - Port B output register (PRB)
0018 - Port C output register (PRC) - Doubles as IRQ
latch register
0019 - Port A data direction register (DDRA)
001A - Port B data direction register (DDRB)
001B - Port C data direction register (DDRC) - Doubles
as IRQ mask register
001C - Control Register (CR)
001D - Active interrupt register
001E - Interrupt stack, the interrupt bits that are not
yet saved (STACK)
001F - State of the CA/CB pins... (CABSTATE)
Bit 7: State of CA
Bit 6: State of CB
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The TPI2 Module:
Chip type: 6525 (TPI 2 for interrupts and keyboard)
(see the TPI1 module for details)
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 54 50 49 32 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 TPI2úúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 20 00 00 00 7F FF 00 FF FF 00 00 00 00 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("TPI2"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016-001F - See the TPI1 breakdown for details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The ACIA1 Module:
Chip type: 6551 - An ACIA (RS232 interface) at $DE00 (C64, optional) (or)
The ACIA for the SuperPET or CBM-II (optional)
The ACIA 6551 is an RS232 interface chip. VICE emulates RS232 connections
via /dev/ttyS* (Unix) or COM: (DOS/WIN - not yet?). When saving a snapshot,
those connections are of course lost. The state of the ACIA however is
restored if possible. I.e. if a connection is already open when restoring
the snapshot, this connection is used instead. If no connection is open, a
carrier/DTR drop is emulated.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 41 63 69 61 31 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Acia1úúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("ACIA1"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016 - Transmit data register (TDR)
0017 - Receiver data register (RDR)
0018 - Status register (SR)
0019 - Command register (CMD)
001A - Control register (CTRL)
001B - 0 = no data to tx
1 = Data is being transmitted
2 = Data is being transmitted while data in TDR
waiting to be put to internal transmit
register
001C-001F - Clock ticks till the next TDR empty interrupt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The TPI Module:
Chip type: 6525 (TPI at $DF00 for a parallel IEEE488 interface, optional
module on the C64)
(see the TPI1 module for details)
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F ASCII
----------------------------------------------- ----------------
0000: 54 50 49 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 TPIúúúúúúúúúúúúú
0010: 01 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 úúúúúúúúúúúúúúúú
Bytes: $0000-000F - Module type ("TPI"), padded with $00
0010-0011 - Module version $01/00 (major/minor)
0012-0015 - Module size (lo/hi), including this header
0016-001F - See the TPI1 breakdown for details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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