using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; namespace CUETools.Parity { public class Galois { private ushort[] expTbl; // 二重にもつことによりmul, div等を簡略化 private ushort[] logTbl; private int w; private int max; private int symStart = 0; /** * スカラー、ベクターの相互変換テーブルの作成 */ public Galois(int polynomial, int _w) { w = _w; max = (1 << _w) - 1; expTbl = new ushort[max * 2]; logTbl = new ushort[max + 1]; int d = 1; for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) { //if (d == 0) // throw new Exception("oops"); expTbl[i] = expTbl[max + i] = (ushort)d; logTbl[d] = (ushort)i; d <<= 1; if (((d >> _w) & 1) != 0) d = (d ^ polynomial) & max; } } public int Max { get { return max; } } public ushort[] ExpTbl { get { return expTbl; } } public ushort[] LogTbl { get { return logTbl; } } /** * スカラー -> ベクター変換 * * @param a int * @return int */ public int toExp(int a) { return expTbl[a]; } /** * ベクター -> スカラー変換 * * @param a int * @return int */ public int toLog(int a) { return logTbl[a]; } /** * 誤り位置インデックスの計算 * * @param length int * データ長 * @param a int * 誤り位置ベクター * @return int * 誤り位置インデックス */ public int toPos(int length, int a) { return length - 1 - logTbl[a]; } /** * 掛け算 * * @param a int * @param b int * @return int * = a * b */ public int mul(int a, int b) { return (a == 0 || b == 0) ? 0 : expTbl[(int)logTbl[a] + logTbl[b]]; } /** * 掛け算 * * @param a int * @param b int * @return int * = a * α^b */ public int mulExp(int a, int b) { return (a == 0) ? 0 : expTbl[logTbl[a] + b]; } /** * 割り算 * * @param a int * @param b int * @return int * = a / b */ public int div(int a, int b) { return (a == 0) ? 0 : expTbl[logTbl[a] - logTbl[b] + max]; } /** * 割り算 * * @param a int * @param b int * @return int * = a / α^b */ public int divExp(int a, int b) { return (a == 0) ? 0 : expTbl[logTbl[a] - b + max]; } /** * 逆数 * * @param a int * @return int * = 1/a */ public int inv(int a) { return expTbl[max - logTbl[a]]; } public int[] toLog(int[] a) { var res = new int[a.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++) res[i] = a[i] == 0 ? - 1 : toLog(a[i]); return res; } public int[] toLog(ushort[] a) { var res = new int[a.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++) res[i] = a[i] == 0 ? -1 : toLog(a[i]); return res; } public int[] toExp(int[] a) { var res = new int[a.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++) res[i] = a[i] == -1 ? 0 : toExp(a[i]); return res; } public int gfadd(int a, int b) { var a_exp = a == -1 ? 0 : toExp(a); var b_exp = b == -1 ? 0 : toExp(b); var res_exp = a_exp ^ b_exp; return res_exp == 0 ? -1 : toLog(res_exp); } public int[] gfadd(int[] a, int b) { var res = new int[a.Length]; var a_exp = toExp(a); var b_exp = b == -1 ? 0 : toExp(b); for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++) res[i] = a_exp[i] ^ b_exp; return toLog(res); } public int[] gfdiff(int[] a) { //l = length(polynomial); //for cc = 2:l // %cc-1 represents the power of x // if mod(cc-1,2) == 0 %all the even powers are zero because of GF(2) // diff(cc-1) = -Inf; // else // diff(cc-1) = polynomial(cc); // end //end var res = new int[a.Length - 1]; for (int i = 0; i < res.Length; i++) res[i] = (i % 2) == 0 ? a[i + 1] : -1; return res; } public int gfmul(int a, int b) { return a < 0 || b < 0 ? -1 : ((a + b) % max); } public int gfdiv(int a, int b) { return a < 0 ? -1 : ((max + a - b) % max); } public int gfpow(int value, int p) { return (value * p) % max; } public int gfsubstitute(int[] polynomial, int value, int terms) { var sum = 0; if (value != -1) for (int p = 0; p < terms; p++) if (polynomial[p] != -1) { var pow = polynomial[p] + value * p; sum ^= expTbl[(pow & max) + (pow >> w)]; } return sum == 0 ? -1 : logTbl[sum]; } public int[] gfconv(int[] a, int[] b) { return gfconv(a, b, a.Length + b.Length - 1); } public int[] gfconv(int[] a, int[] b, int len) { var seki = new int[len]; for (int ia = 0; ia < a.Length; ia++) { var loga = a[ia]; if (loga != -1) { int ib2 = Math.Min(b.Length, len - ia); for (int ib = 0; ib < ib2; ib++) { var logb = b[ib]; if (logb != -1) seki[ia + ib] ^= expTbl[loga + logb]; // = a[ia] * b[ib] } } } for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) seki[i] = seki[i] == 0 ? -1 : logTbl[seki[i]]; return seki; } public unsafe void gfconv(int* a, int alen, int* b, int blen, int* c, int clen) { for (int i = 0; i < clen; i++) c[i] = 0; for (int ia = 0; ia < alen; ia++) { var loga = a[ia]; if (loga != -1) { int ib2 = Math.Min(blen, clen - ia); for (int ib = 0; ib < ib2; ib++) { var logb = b[ib]; if (logb != -1) c[ia + ib] ^= expTbl[loga + logb]; // = a[ia] * b[ib] } } } for (int i = 0; i < clen; i++) c[i] = c[i] == 0 ? -1 : logTbl[c[i]]; } public int[] mulPoly(int[] a, int[] b) { return mulPoly(a, b, a.Length + b.Length - 1); } public int[] mulPoly(int[] a, int[] b, int len) { var res = new int[len]; mulPoly(res, a, b); return res; } /** * 数式の掛け算 * * @param seki int[] * seki = a * b * @param a int[] * @param b int[] */ public void mulPoly(int[] seki, int[] a, int[] b) { Array.Clear(seki, 0, seki.Length); for (int ia = 0; ia < a.Length; ia++) { if (a[ia] != 0) { int loga = logTbl[a[ia]]; int ib2 = Math.Min(b.Length, seki.Length - ia); for (int ib = 0; ib < ib2; ib++) { if (b[ib] != 0) { seki[ia + ib] ^= expTbl[loga + logTbl[b[ib]]]; // = a[ia] * b[ib] } } } } } public unsafe void mulPoly(int* seki, int* a, int* b, int lenS, int lenA, int lenB) { for (int i = 0; i < lenS; i++) seki[i] = 0; for (int ia = 0; ia < lenA; ia++) { if (a[ia] != 0) { int loga = logTbl[a[ia]]; int ib2 = Math.Min(lenB, lenS - ia); for (int ib = 0; ib < ib2; ib++) { if (b[ib] != 0) { seki[ia + ib] ^= expTbl[loga + logTbl[b[ib]]]; // = a[ia] * b[ib] } } } } } /** * 生成多項式配列の作成 * G(x)=Π[k=0,n-1](x + α^k) * encodeGxの添え字と次数の並びが逆なのに注意 * encodeGx[0] = x^(npar - 1)の項 * encodeGx[1] = x^(npar - 2)の項 * ... * encodeGx[npar - 1] = x^0の項 */ public int[] makeEncodeGx(int npar) { int[] encodeGx = new int[npar]; encodeGx[npar - 1] = 1; for (int i = 0, kou = symStart; i < npar; i++, kou++) { int ex = toExp(kou); // ex = α^kou // (x + α^kou)を掛る for (int j = 0; j < npar - 1; j++) { // 現在の項 * α^kou + 一つ下の次数の項 encodeGx[j] = mul(encodeGx[j], ex) ^ encodeGx[j + 1]; } encodeGx[npar - 1] = mul(encodeGx[npar - 1], ex);// 最下位項の計算 } return encodeGx; } public int[] makeEncodeGxLog(int npar) { int[] encodeGx = makeEncodeGx(npar); for (int i = 0; i < npar; i++) { if (encodeGx[i] == 0) throw new Exception("0 in encodeGx"); encodeGx[i] = toLog(encodeGx[i]); } return encodeGx; } /// /// parityTable[xx, 0, i] = mul(00xx, encodeGx[i]) /// parityTable[xx, 1, i] = mul(xx00, encodeGx[i]) /// /// /// public ushort[,,] makeEncodeTable(int npar) { var loggx = makeEncodeGxLog(npar); var parityTable = new ushort[256, 2, npar]; for (int i = 0; i < npar; i++) { parityTable[0, 0, i] = 0; parityTable[0, 1, i] = 0; } for (int ib = 1; ib < 256; ib++) { int logib0 = LogTbl[ib]; int logib1 = LogTbl[ib << 8]; for (int i = 0; i < npar; i++) { parityTable[ib, 0, i] = ExpTbl[logib0 + loggx[i]]; parityTable[ib, 1, i] = ExpTbl[logib1 + loggx[i]]; } } return parityTable; } /// /// parityTable[xx, 0, i] = mul(00xx, α^i) /// parityTable[xx, 1, i] = mul(xx00, α^i) /// /// /// public ushort[,,] makeDecodeTable(int npar) { var parityTable = new ushort[256, 2, npar]; for (int i = 0; i < npar; i++) { parityTable[0, 0, i] = 0; parityTable[0, 1, i] = 0; } for (int ib = 1; ib < 256; ib++) { int logib0 = LogTbl[ib]; int logib1 = LogTbl[ib << 8]; for (int i = 0; i < npar; i++) { parityTable[ib, 0, i] = ExpTbl[logib0 + i]; parityTable[ib, 1, i] = ExpTbl[logib1 + i]; } } return parityTable; } /** * シンドロームの計算 * @param data int[] * 入力データ配列 * @param length int * データ長 * @param syn int[] * (x - α^0) (x - α^1) (x - α^2) ...のシンドローム * @return boolean * true: シンドロームは総て0 */ public bool calcSyndrome(byte[] data, int length, int[] syn) { int hasErr = 0; for (int i = 0; i < syn.Length; i++) { int wk = 0; for (int idx = 0; idx < length; idx++) { //wk = data[idx] ^ ((wk == 0) ? 0 : expTbl[logTbl[wk] + i + symStart]); // wk = data + wk * α^i wk = data[idx] ^ ((wk == 0) ? 0 : expTbl[logTbl[wk] + i]); // wk = data + wk * α^i } syn[i] = wk; hasErr |= wk; } return hasErr == 0; } /** * シンドロームの計算 * @param data int[] * 入力データ配列 * @param length int * データ長 * @param syn int[] * (x - α^0) (x - α^1) (x - α^2) ...のシンドローム * @return boolean * true: シンドロームは総て0 */ public unsafe bool calcSyndrome(ushort* data, int length, int[] syn) { int hasErr = 0; for (int i = 0; i < syn.Length; i++) { int wk = 0; for (int idx = 0; idx < length; idx++) { //wk = data[idx] ^ ((wk == 0) ? 0 : expTbl[logTbl[wk] + i + symStart]); // wk = data + wk * α^i wk = data[idx] ^ ((wk == 0) ? 0 : expTbl[logTbl[wk] + i]); // wk = data + wk * α^i } syn[i] = wk; hasErr |= wk; } return hasErr == 0; } public unsafe int doForney(int jisu, int ps, int* sigma, int* omega) { int zlog = this.Max - this.toLog(ps); // zのスカラー // ω(z)の計算 int ov = omega[0]; for (int j = 1; j < jisu; j++) { ov ^= this.mulExp(omega[j], (zlog * j) % this.Max); // ov += ωi * z^j } // σ'(z)の値を計算(σ(z)の形式的微分) int dv = sigma[1]; for (int j = 2; j < jisu; j += 2) { dv ^= this.mulExp(sigma[j + 1], (zlog * j) % this.Max); // dv += σ * z^j } /* * 誤り訂正 E^i = α^i * ω(z) / σ'(z) * 誤り位置の範囲はチェン探索のときに保証されているので、 * ここではチェックしない */ return this.mul(ps, this.div(ov, dv)); } } public class Galois81D: Galois { public const int POLYNOMIAL = 0x1d; public static Galois81D instance = new Galois81D(); Galois81D() : base(POLYNOMIAL, 8) { } } public class Galois16 : Galois { public const int POLYNOMIAL = 0x1100B; public static Galois16 instance = new Galois16(); Galois16() : base(POLYNOMIAL, 16) { } } }