diff --git a/doc/glossary.texi b/doc/glossary.texi index 72c35a48..6c507010 100644 --- a/doc/glossary.texi +++ b/doc/glossary.texi @@ -2,6 +2,22 @@ See also @uref{http://www.dvdrhelp.com/glossary}. @table @acronym +@item ATAPI + +Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface. An interface to +support CD Drives and DVD Drives using the computers current IDE +connections. IDE(also called ATA) was originally designed for hard +drives only, but with help of ATAPI it is possible to connect other +devices to the IDE/EIDE connections. + +@item BIN/CUE + +A CD-image format used by the CDRWin software on Microsoft +Windows. Many other programs subsequently support using this +format. The .CUE file is a text file which contains CD format and +track layout information, while the .BIN file holds the actual data +of each track. + @item CD Compact Disc @@ -11,6 +27,14 @@ Compact Disc Digital Audio, described in the ``Red Book'' or ICE people think of when you play a @acronym{CD} as it was the first to use the @acronym{CD} medium. +@item CD-i + +Compact Disc interactive. An extension of the CD format designed +around a set-top computer that connects to a TV to provide interactive +home entertainment, including digital audio and video, video games, +and software applications. Defined by the ``Green Book'' standard. +@uref{http://www.icdia.org/}. + @item CD-i Bridge A standard allowing CD-ROM XA discs to play on CD-i. Kodak PhotoCDs @@ -59,18 +83,60 @@ International Standards Organization. @item ISO 9660 -The ISO 9660 format is a logical filesystem format for CD-ROM +The ISO 9660 is a filesystem format for CD-ROM media. It was standardized in 1988 and replaced the High Sierra standard for the logical format on CD-ROM media (ISO 9660 and High Sierra are identical in content, but the exact format is different). +There are several specification levels. In Level 1, file names must be +in the 8.3 format (no more than eight characters in the name, no more +than three characters in the suffix) and in capital letters. Directory +names can be no longer than eight characters. There can be no more +than eight nested directory levels. Level 2 and 3 specifications allow +file names up to 32 characters long. + @item Joliet extensions This standard was developed for Windows 95 and Windows NT by Microsoft -as an extension of ISO 9600 to support long file names up to 64 -characters. +as an extension of ISO 9600 which allows the use of Unicode characters +and supports file names up to 64 characters. -@item Mixed-Mode +@item LBA + +Logical Block Addressing. Mapped integer numbers from CD Red Book +Addressing MSF. The starting sector is -150 and ending sector is +449849, which correlates directly to MSF: 00:00:00 to 99:59:74. +Because an LBA is a single number it is often easier to work with in +programming than an MSF. + +@item Lead in + +The area of a CD where the Table Of Contents (TOC) and CDTEXT are +stored. I think it is supposed to be around 4500 (1 min) or more +sectors in length. On a CDR(W) the lead-in length is variable, +because each manufacturer will have a different starting position +indicated by the ATIP start of lead-in position that is recorded in +the ATIP groove on the disk. + +@item LSN + +Logical Sector Number. Mapped integer numbers from CD Red Book +Addressing MSF. The starting sector is 0 and ending sector is 449699, +which correlates to MSF: 00:00:00 to 99:59:74. Because an LSN is a +single number it is often easier to work with in programming than an +MSF. Because it starts at 0 rather than -150 as is the case of an LBA +it can be represented as an unsigned value. + +@item MMC + +MMC (MultiMedia Commands). A SCSI programming specification made by +the SCSI committee T10 organization. They are raw commands for +communicating with CDROM drives, CD-Rewriters, DVD-Rewriters, etc. + +Many manufacturers have adopted this standard and it also applies to +ATAPI versions of their drives. + +@item Mixed Mode A CD that contains tracks of differing CD-ROM Mode formats. For example a discs could contain both computer data (Yellow Book) and @@ -81,6 +147,19 @@ audio (Red Book) tracks. A way of writing to a CD that allows more data to be added to readable discs at a later time. +@item NRG format file + +A proprietary CD image file format use by a popular program for +Microsoft Windows, Ahead Nero. The specification of this format is +not to our knowlege published. + +@item SCSI + +Small Computer System Interface. A set of ANSI standard electronic +interfaces (originally developed at Apple Computer) that allow +personal computers to communicate with peripheral hardware such as +CD-ROM drives, disk drives, printers, etc. + @item Session A fully readable complete recording that contains one or more tracks @@ -89,6 +168,14 @@ of computer data or audio on a CD. @item SVCD Super @acronym{VCD} @uref{http://www.dvdrhelp.com/svcd} +@item TOC + +Table of Contents. The TOC contains the starting track number, last +track number individual track starting time, format of track: CDDA or +CDROM. Every CD must have at least 1 TOC, the first TOC is always +recorded at the start of the CD (lead-in area). A multi-session CD +may have several TOCs. + @item Track A unit of data of a CD. The size of a track can vary; it can occupy @@ -98,6 +185,25 @@ tracks have a 150 frame (or ``2 second'') lead-in gap. @item VCD Video @acronym{CD} @uref{http://www.dvdrhelp.com/vcd} +@item Win32 ASPI driver + +The ASPI interface specification was developed by Adaptec for +sending commands to a SCSI host adapter (such as those controlling CD +and DVD drives) and used on Window 9x/NT and later. Emulation for +ATAPI drives was added so that the same sets of commands worked those +even though the drives might not be SCSI nor might there even be a +SCSI controller attached. + +However in Windows NT/2K/XP, Microsoft provides their Win32 ioctl +interface, and has take steps to make using ASPI more inaccessible +(e.g. requiring adminstrative access to use ASPI). + +@item Win32 Ioctl driver + +Ioctl (Input Output ConTroLs). A Win32 function, implemented in all +Windows. It is used for sending commands to devices using defined +codes and structures. + @item XA See @acronym{CD-ROM XA} diff --git a/doc/libcdio.texi b/doc/libcdio.texi index fee21aa2..a794018f 100644 --- a/doc/libcdio.texi +++ b/doc/libcdio.texi @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ development.'' @titlepage @title GNU libcdio library -@subtitle $Id: libcdio.texi,v 1.17 2004/02/28 20:54:31 rocky Exp $ +@subtitle $Id: libcdio.texi,v 1.18 2004/02/29 02:13:46 rocky Exp $ @author Rocky Bernstein et al. @page @@ -79,13 +79,14 @@ This file documents GNU CD input and control library Copyright (C) 2003, 2004 Herbert Valerio Riedel and Rocky Bernstein @menu -* History:: How this came about -* Previous Work:: The problem and previous work -* Purpose:: What is in this package (and what's not) -* CD Formats:: A tour through the CD-specification spectrum -* CD Terms:: Limitations and terminology used in CD's and libcdio -* How to use:: Okay enough babble, lemme at the library! -* Utility Programs:: Diagnostic programs that come with this library +* History:: How this came about +* Previous Work:: The problem and previous work +* Purpose:: What is in this package (and what's not) +* CD Formats:: A tour through the CD-specification spectrum +* CD Terms:: Limitations and terminology used in CD's and libcdio +* How to use:: Okay enough babble, lemme at the library! +* Utility Programs:: Diagnostic programs that come with this library +* OS Considerations:: Operating System Considerations and Drivers Appendices * ISO-9660 Character Sets:: @@ -900,6 +901,46 @@ image. @samp{iso-info} can be used to extract a file in an ISO-9660 image. +@node OS Considerations +@chapter Operating System Considerations and Drivers + +@menu +* GNU/Linux:: +* Microsoft:: +* Solaris:: +@end menu + +@node GNU/Linux +@section GNU/Linux + +There are two CD drive access methods on GNU/Linux: ioctl and SCSI +MMC. GNU/Linux has a rather nice and complete ioctl mechanism. On the +other hand, the SCSI mechanism is more universal. + +@node Microsoft +@section Microsoft + +There are two CD drive access methods on Microsoft Windows platforms: +ioctl and ASPI. + +The ASPI interface specification was developed by Adaptec for +sending commands to a SCSI host adapter (such as those controlling CD +and DVD drives) and used on Window 9x/NT and later. Emulation for +ATAPI drives was added so that the same sets of commands worked those +even though the drives might not be SCSI nor might there even be a +SCSI controller attached. + +However in Windows NT/2K/XP, Microsoft provides their Win32 ioctl +interface, and has take steps to make using ASPI more inaccessible +(e.g. requiring adminstrative access to use ASPI). + + +@node Solaris +@section Solaris + +There are two CD drive access methods on Solaris: +ATAPI and SCSI. SCSI is preferred when possible. + @node ISO-9660 Character Sets @appendix ISO-9660 Character Sets