# Master Repository of Computing History Artifacts Information - Software Architecture Document

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Software Architecture Document (SAD)v Marechai

Software Architecture Document (SAD)86 Marechai

Software Architecture Document

Master Repository of Computing History Artifacts Information

MARECHAI

Natalia Portillo

Version 1.3

2020/06/12

Revision History

Version

Description of Versions / Changes

Responsible Party

Date

1.0

Initial version

Natalia Portillo

2019/08/18

1.1

Renamed to Marechai and DiscImageChef renamed to Aaru

Natalia Portillo

2020/05/23

1.2

Changed hash database types to use binary instead of string.

Defined file attributes.

Defined subchannel flags.

Defined dump status flags.

Redefine standalone file as derivate of media file.

Some minor fixes.

Natalia Portillo

2020/06/11

1.3

Change software by media by magazine to software by compilation media.

Natalia Portillo

2020/06/12

Approval Block

Version

Comments

Responsible Party

Date

Table of Contents

1. Introduction1

1.1. Purpose1

1.2. Scope1

1.3. Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations1

1.4. History2

1.5. Overview2

2. Architectural Goals and Constraints3

3. Description of systems4

3.1. Main systems4

3.1.1. Web application4

3.1.2. Mobile application4

3.1.3. Metadata sidecar4

3.2. Sister projects4

3.2.1. Aaru4

4. Web application5

4.1. User5

4.2. Role5

4.2.1. Uberadmin5

4.2.2. Writer5

4.2.3. Proofreader5

4.2.4. Translator6

4.2.5. Supertranslator6

4.2.6. Collaborator6

4.2.7. Curator7

4.2.8. Physical curator7

4.2.9. Technician7

4.2.10. Supertechnician7

4.3. User view8

4.4. Admin view8

5. Artifacts9

5.1. Book9

5.2. Companies by book9

5.3. Companies by document10

5.4. Companies by magazine10

5.5. Company10

5.6. Company description11

5.7. Company logo11

5.8. Currency inflation12

5.9. Currency pegging12

5.10. Document12

5.11. Document company13

5.12. Document person13

5.13. Document role14

5.14. Dump14

5.15. Dump hardware15

5.16. Extent15

5.17. File16

5.18. File data stream16

5.19. Filesystem17

5.20. Graphical Processing Unit18

5.21. Instruction set18

5.22. Instruction set extension18

5.23. ISO 3166-1 Numeric19

5.24. ISO 421719

5.25. ISO 63919

5.26. License20

5.27. Logical partition20

5.28. Machine21

5.29. Machine family22

5.30. Machine photo22

5.31. Magazine24

5.32. Magazine issue24

5.33. Mastering texts by media25

5.34. Media25

5.35. Media dump27

5.36. Media dump file image27

5.37. Media dump image27

5.38. Media dump track image28

5.39. Media dump subchannel image29

5.40. Media file29

5.41. Media tag dump30

5.42. Memory30

5.43. Owned machine31

5.44. Owned machine photo32

5.45. People by book34

5.46. People by document34

5.47. People by magazine34

5.48. People34

5.49. Processor35

5.50. Processor by machine37

5.51. Processor by owned machine37

5.52. Resolution38

5.53. Screen38

5.54. Software family39

5.55. Software variant39

5.56. Software version41

5.57. Sound synthetizer42

5.58. Standalone files43

5.59. Storage by machine43

5.60. Storage by owned machine43

5.61. Software variant by compilation43

5.62. Table of contents44

5.63. Variable block size44

6. Enumerations45

6.1. Status type45

6.2. Company status45

6.3. Machine type45

6.4. Memory type46

6.5. Memory usage47

6.6. Storage type48

6.7. Storage interface54

6.8. ColorSpace55

6.9. Contrast55

6.10. ExposureMode56

6.11. ExposureProgram56

6.12. FlashMode56

6.13. LightSource57

6.14. MeteringMode58

6.15. Orientation59

6.16. ResolutionUnit59

6.17. Saturation60

6.18. SceneCaptureType60

6.19. SensingMethod60

6.20. SubjectDistanceRange60

6.21. WhiteBalance61

6.22. Sharpness61

6.23. Mastering text type61

6.24. Media type62

6.25. Dump status flags80

6.26. Subchannel flags81

6.27. File attributes82

6.28. Media tag type84

6.29. Distribution mode84

6.30. SoundSynthType84

6.31. TrackType84

7. Examples86

# Master Repository of Computing History Artifacts Information - Software Architecture Document

Introduction

This document provides a high level overview and explains the architecture of the Marechai systems (that is, web and mobile applications, as well as metadata and database schemas).

The document defines goals of the architecture, the use cases supported by the system, architectural styles and components that have been selected. The document provides a rationale for the architecture and design decisions made from the conceptual idea to its implementation.

Purpose

The Software Architecture Document (SAD) provides a comprehensive architectural overview of the Master Repository of Computing History Artifacts Information (Marechai). It presents a number of different architectural views to depict the different aspects of the system.

Scope

The scope of this SAD is to explain the architecture of the Distributed Development Monitoring and Mining system.

This document describes the various aspects of the Marechai systems design that are considered to be architecturally significant. These elements and behaviors are fundamental for guiding the construction of the Marechai systems and for understanding this project as a whole.

Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations

Artifact: Refers to any element registered in the database. It can be physical, or digital only.

Component: The physical element that compose a physical artifact.

Dump: The digital representation of the contents of a software artifact. Can be generated from a physical artifact (e.g. an installation disc, or a game cartridge), or from a digital artifact (e.g. an installation package).

Inventory: The cataloguing of physical artifacts belonging to an entity like a museum, society or collector.

Machine: A turing-complete physical artifact, existing or at least prototyped, that allows the execution of software, user or manufacturer provided. It englobes typical concepts like computers, videogame consoles, arcade systems, smartphones, etc.

Screenshot: An image representing the execution of a software artifact.

History

The Marechai project started in 2002 as a database of old computer specification, implemented in PHP. The second version of the database and front end was launched publicly the 24th of December of 2003 in http://museum.claunia.com , with moderate success. In 2004 the third version started development, but it halted due to the lack of resources.

Since then, the launch of the Wikipedia, and several computer museums, with their own websites, changed the fundamental needs for the archival and representation of information about the history of computing.

In 2017 the new version of the Marechai database was designed and started to be implemented in ASP.NET at a slow pace. This is the version described in this document.

Overview

In order to fully document all the aspects of the architecture, the Software Architecture Document contains the following subsections.

Section 2: to be filled

Architectural Goals and Constraints

There are some key requirements and system constraints that have a significant bearing on the architecture. They are:

All the systems will be in an OSI certified open source license. However it’s development will be kept private to the developers until it arrives a phase secure enough for other users to experiment with it without complaining about known issues, or missing features, that are already in the backlog.

The web application will be implemented using the C# language for the backend, and JavaScript for the frontend. It is to run under .NET Core in a Linux environment or Docker container.

The mobile applications will be implemented using the C# language under the Xamarin frameworks.

The web frontend should not use any bloated framework (like Angular or Vue) but can use libraries or frameworks like Bootstrap and jQuery.

All the systems should be user agnostic, so they can be used by any museum or private collector.

Description of systems

The purpose of this section is to describe the various systems that comprise the Marechai projects, as well as sister projects that help fullfil the same objectives.

Main systems

Web application

The web application system shall provide end users with a view and description of computing history artifacts, including but not limited to, computing companies facts and history, machines and components specifications and photos, software descriptions and screenshots, and important persons history.

It shall also provide internal users, like museum curators and technicians, with a private asset inventory, repair log and auditing system.

Mobile application

The mobile application system shall provide end users access to the public part of the web application, in an offline way, similar to other applications like MacTracker or Intel ARK.

Metadata sidecar

The metadata sidecar specification is the specification for a file that contains several metadata about a digital artifact, that can accompany copies of it, and contains information about the artifact, its contents, and how it was obtained.

It is currently hosted at https://www.github.com/claunia/CICMMetadata and supported for creation of media dumps by Aaru.

Sister projects

Aaru

Aaru is an opensource application designed as a complete management tool of media dumps. It can create dumps from physical media, analyze, convert and hash them, and in a few cases, list the files contained in such dumps.

It is, as of the writing of this document, the only known implementation of the Lisa filesystem, besides the Lisa operating system itself, and was used by the Computer History Museum to recover the historic source code of the Lisa operating system.

It is currently hosted at https://www.github.com/ a aru-dps.

Web application

This section describes the components that make the web application system and their relationships.

User

A user is any person that access the application. It can be an anonymous user, that is, not logged in, limited to read-only access to the information in the database, or a user with role, whose access to certain parts of the database is determined by their role.

Also the parts of the database accessible by anonymous users shall be configurable by the system administrator.

Any anonymous user shall be able to register, getting an automatic role as defined by the system administrator, and any registered and logged in user shall have the option to remove its account.

All personal data of a registered user shall comply with the GDPR rules, that is, but not limited to, the data must be stored encrypted at rest, not shared with third parties unless explicitly allowed by the user, and removed completely and irrecoverabily at the user will.

User login is controlled by ASP.NET Identity.

Role

A role is a series of permissions of access and/or modification to certain parts of the system and its database applied to registered users.

Roles are controlled by ASP.NET Identity.

This list of roles is in no way complete. New roles can be added to this documentation as needed.

Uberadmin

The uberadmin is the maximum role. It corresponds to the system administrator and gives all permissions, both access and modification, to all parts of the system and its database.

Writer

The writer is the role that gives an user permission to write new data about an artifact in the database, for example, the history of a company. It can also modify existing data, and approve suggestions of modifications and additions that come from a basic user.

An uberadmin is the only role that can give the Writer role.

Modifications of data by the writer are stored in the database as deltas, but do not require approval to be applied to the main tables.

Proofreader

The proofreader is the role that gives an user permission to correct textual data about an artifact in the database. It is expected to be someone with demonstrated proficiency in the main language of the system (usually American English, en-US).

Uberadmin and writer are the only roles that can give the Proofreader role.

This role can only modify textual data, not relationships or specifications.

Modifications of textual data by the proofreader are stored in the database as deltas, but do not require approval to be applied to the main tables.

Translator

The translator is the role that gives an user permission to propose a translation of the textual data about an artifact on the database, or the elements of the system itself. It has assigned one or several languages, different from the main language of the database.

This role can create a new translation, on any of its assigned languages, from any of its assigned languages or from the main language of the database, of any textual data assigned to an artifact or of any text element from the system.

This role can also proofread textual data assigned to artifacts that is in any of its assigned languages.

Modifications created by a translator are hold on approval by a supertranslator role.

Any registered user can ask to become a translator by requesting to translate textual data assigned to an artifact to a language they choose, but not a text element from the system.

The translator role can only be assigned by a uberadmin, or by a supertranslator that has assigned any of the corresponding translator languages.

Supertranslator

The supertranslator is the role that gives an user permission to create a translation of the textual data about an artifact on the database, or the elements of the system itself. It has assigned one or several languages, different from the main language of the database.

This role can create a new translation, on any of its assigned languages, from any of its assigned languages or from the main language of the database, of any textual data assigned to an artifact or of any text element from the system.

This role can also proofread textual data assigned to artifacts that is in any of its assigned languages.

This role can also approve changes proposed by a translator, that are in any of its assigned languages.

Modifications created by a supertranslator are stored as deltas in the databases and applied to the main tables without approval.

Any translator can be promoted to supertranslator.

A registered user can be a supertranslator in a set of languages, but only a translator in any other set of non-overlapping languages.

A uberadmin can promote any translator to a translator of any language.

A supertranslator can promote any translator as a supertranslator of any language it has assigned.

Collaborator

The collaborator is the role that gives an user permission to propose adding or modifying an artifact in the database.

This role can create a new artifact of any type in the database (except for inventory and repairs), or modify the data from any existing artifact (except for inventory and repairs), as well as upload any photography or scan of any existing artifact.

Additions, modifications and uploads from a collaborator are hold on approval by a curator role.

Any registered user can ask to become a collaborator by requesting to add an artifact, modify the data about an existing artifact, or upload a photography or scan.

The collaborator role can be assigned by a uberadmin or by a curator.

Curator

The curator is the role that gives an user permission to propose adding or modifying an artifact in the database.

This role can create a new artifact of any type in the database (except for inventory and repairs), or modify the data from any existing artifact (except for inventory and repairs), as well as upload any photography or scan of any existing artifact.

Additions, modifications and uploads from a collaborator are stored as deltas in the database and applied to the main tables without approval.

The curator role can be assigned by a uberadmin or by a curator.

Physical curator

The physical curator has the same permissions as a curator but its permissions also apply to inventory artifacts.

The physical curator role can be assigned by a uberadmin or by a physical curator.

Technician

The technician is the role that can modify repairs of artifacts in the inventory.

This role can add photographies to a repair, part exchanges or request parts for replacement.

This role is indented to give the possibility of auditing of the whole repair process for physical inventory in a museum or collection.

The technician role can be assigned by a uberadmin or a supertechnician.

Supertechnician

The supertechnician is the role that can create, or close as completed, repairs of artifacts in the inventory.

This role must approve repairs and parts requests.

Also this role has the same permissions as the technician role.

The supertechnician role can only be assigned by a uberadmin.

User view

The user view is the public part of the system.

It is to be composed of several webpages, organized by artifact types, allowing users to explore the artifacts contained in the database.

Pages should be implemented using Razor, themable throught the usage of Bootstrap and customized CSS.

Admin view

The admin view is the private part of the system.

The different subsections of this view allow registered users with the appropriate role to modify the artifacts in the database.

The subsections of the view that are visible to a user depends on its roles.

Artifacts

The purpose of this section is to describe the various artifacts that are stored in the systems databases. They have a one to one relation to tables of a database or models of the applications. All text is written in American English (aka en-US) and latin script by default.

The system administrator can choose other language as the primary text language.

When an Id field is not specified, or any other specified field is marked as a primary key, it is implicit that the artifact requires such a field for storage in the database.

Field types in cursive represent links to another artifact.

Book

This artifact represents books about computing.

Field name

Field type

Description

Title

String

Untranslated title in the default system writing script.

NativeTitle

String

Title as written in the book cover.

Published

Date

Date of publication.

Country

ISO 3166-1 Numeric

Country of publication.

Synopsis

FullText

Book synopsis, as printed on it.

Isbn

String(13)

International Standard Book Number.

Pages

Short

Number of pages.

Edition

Int

Edition.

Previous

Book

Link to previous edition, if applicable.

Next

Book

Link to next edition, if applicable.

Source

Book

If this book is a derivate (e.g. translation) of another, link to the original.

Companies by book

This artifact links books and document companies.

Field name

Field type

Description

Company

Document company

Link to the document company.

Book

Book

Link to the book.

Role

Document role

Role the document company has in the book.

Companies by document

This artifact links documents and document companies.

Field name

Field type

Description

Company

Document company

Link to the document company.

Document

Document

Link to the document.

Role

Document role

Role the document company has in the document.

Companies by magazine

This artifact links magazines and document companies.

Field name

Field type

Description

Company

Document company

Link to the document company.

Magazine

Magazine

Link to the magazine.

Role

Document role

Role the document company has in the magazine.

Company

This artifact represents a business entity that created other artifacts belonging to computing history. It can be, but not limited to, a manufacturer, software developer, publisher, etc.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Company legal name, without company type identifier (no Inc., S.A., etc)

Founded

Date

Date when company was legally registered

Website

Url

URL of the latest known company official website.

Twitter

String(45)

Twitter user of the official company Twitter account.

Facebook

String(45)

Facebook account number of the official company Facebook account.

Sold

Date

Date the company changed status.

SoldTo

Company

Link to the company that acquired this company when it changed status.

Address

String(80)

Last known physical address of the company headquarters.

City

String(80)

City of the last known physical address of the company headquarters.

Province

String(80)

Province or state of the last known physical address of the company headquarters.

Postal code

String(25)

Postal or ZIP code of the last known physical address of the company headquarters.

Country

ISO 3166-1 Numeric

Country code where the company is, or was, legally registered.

Status

Company status

Current status of the company.

DocumentCompany

Document company

Link to the DocumentCompany artifact that is equivalent to this company.

Company description

This artifact contains a textual description and history, corresponding to a company.

Field name

Field type

Description

Company

Company

Company this description belongs to.

Text

IndexedText

Markdown version of the description.

Html

IndexedText

Rendered and cleaned HTML version of the description.

Company logo

This artifact points to a vectorial representation of the company logo.

Field name

Field type

Description

Company

Company

Company this logo belongs to.

Year

Int[1000,3000]

Year the company started usign this logo.

Guid

Guid

GUID used to generate the server side file containing the logo.

Currency inflation

This artifact lists the known inflations for a currency, allowing to calculate current-day costs given a previously known cost.

Field name

Field type

Description

Currency

ISO 4217

Currency.

Year

Year

Indicates this inflation becomes effective that year, respective with the currency value the previous year.

Inflation

Float

The inflation occurred at the specified year.

Currency pegging

This artifact links pegged currencies, specially when a currency becomes historic and substituted for another, to allow to convert values between them.

Field name

Field type

Description

Source

ISO 4217

Source currency.

Destination

ISO 4217

Destination currency.

Ratio

Float

Ratio between source and destination currencies.

Start

Date

Date when the pegging became effective.

End

Date

Date when the pegging finished if applicable.

Document

This artifact represents documents about computing.

Field name

Field type

Description

Title

String

Untranslated title in the default system writing script.

NativeTitle

String

Title as written in the document cover.

Published

Date

Date of publication.

Country

ISO 3166-1 Numeric

Country of publication.

Synopsis

FullText

Document synopsis.

Document company

This artifact represents a business entity that created, or published, document artifacts belonging to computing history. It is separate from the Company artifact because a document company can publish documents (e.g. books, magazines) while not being exclusively dedicated to computing artifacts.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Company legal name, without company type identifier (no Inc., S.A., etc).

Company

Company

Identifier of the company artifact that is the same legal entity as this document company.

Books

Companies by book[]

List of books this document company has published.

Documents

Companies by document[]

List of documents this document company has published.

Magazines

Companies by magazine[]

List of magazines this document company has published.

Document person

This artifact represents a person that has participated in the creation of a document artifact.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Name of this person.

Surname

String

Surname of this person.

Person

People

Link to the person artifact.

Alias

String

Alias of this person.

DisplayName

String

Name to be displayed for this person.

Books

People by book[]

List of books by this document person.

Documents

People by document[]

List of documents by this document person.

Magazines

People by magazine[]

List of magazines by this document person.

Document role

This artifact lists all the roles a person or company can have in a document. It is copied from the EPUB specification list of roles, as standard used worldwide by publishers and libraries.

Field name

Field type

Description

Id

String(3)

Id of the role as set in the specification.

Name

String

Role name.

Enabled

Bool

Set if the role is usable, unset if it is historical.

Dump

This artifact represents the act of taking physical storage media and creating an image file of it. Several dumps can however represent the same media dumps, as this artifact is the act itself, not its results, and different dumps can achieve the same results.

Field name

Field type

Description

Dumper

String

Name or alias of the person that created the dump.

Dumper user

User

User in the system of the person that created the dump.

Dumping group

String

Dumping group the person that created the dump belongs to. Specially important for import of DAT files from dumping groups, like TOSEC, No-Intro, etc.

Date

DateTime

Date and time when the dump was done.

Upload date

DateTime

Date and time when the dump was uploaded to the system.

Dump hardware

Dump hardware[]

List of hardware used to create the dump.

Media

Media

Link to the media that was dumped.

Media dump

Media dump

Link to the results of the dump.

Dump hardware

This artifact represents information about the hardware, and software, used to create a dump.

Field name

Field type

Description

Manufacturer

String

Manufacturer of the drive used to read the media, or of the media itself it non-removable.

Model

String

Model of the drive used to read the media, or of the media itself if non-removable.

Revision

String

Revision of the drive used to read the media, or of the media itself if non-removable.

Firmware

String

Firmware version of the drive used to read the media, or of the media itself if non-removable.

Serial

String

Serial number of the drive used to read the media, or of the media itself if non-removable.

Software name

String

Name of the software used to read the media.

Software version

String

Version of the software used to read the media.

Software OS

String

Normalized name and version of the operating system where the software that read the media was run.

Extents

Extent[]

List of extents. Blocks in the media not present in the extent where not read at all in the dump.

Extent

This artifact represents a read extent, that is, a start and end of a read block.

Field name

Field type

Description

Start

Long

First block number of the extent, inclusive.

End

Long

Last block number of the extent, inclusive.

Error

Bool

If set indicates the extent was tried to read but could not be read without errors.

File

This artifact identifies a computer file, in a unique way, allowing to create file lists from media, dumps, etc.

Field name

Field type

Description

Size

Long

Size in bytes of the file.

Md5

Binary(16)

MD5 hash of the file contents.

Sha1

Binary(20)

SHA1 hash of the file contents.

Sha256

Binary(32)

SHA2-256 hash of the file contents.

Sha3

Binary(64)

SHA3-512 hash of the file contents.

Spamsum

String

SpamSum fuzzy hash of the file contents.

Mime

String

MIME type of the file.

Magic

String

Identification string as made by libmagic.

AccoustId

String

Accoust ID of the audio contained in the file.

Infected

Bool

If set, the file is infected by, or is, malware.

Malware

String

Name of the malware contained in the file.

Hack

Bool

If set, the file has been hacked, cracked, or its functionality if facilitating the cracking of software. E.g. serial number, key generator, crack patch, etc...

HackGroup

String

Name of the hacking group.

File data stream

This artifacts represents the data stream contents of a file. That is, normal data, a fork, an extended attribute, or an alternate data stream.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Name of the data stream. ‘NULL’ when it is the default data stream.

Size

Long

Size in bytes of the data stream.

Contents

File

Link to the artifact that uniquely identify the contents of this data stream.

Filesystem

This artifact represents a filesystem contained in a media.

Field name

Field type

Description

Type

String

Filesystem type.

CreationDate

DateTime

Date and time when the filesystem was created.

ModificationDate

DateTime

Date and time when the filesystem was last modified.

BackupDate

DateTime

Date and time when the filesystem was last backed up.

ClusterSize

Int

Size, in bytes, of each cluster or block in the filesystem.

Clusters

Long

Number of clusters or blocks in the filesystem.

FilesCount

Long

Number of files, if known, in the filesystem.

Bootable

Bool

If set, the filesystem is known to contain boot code.

VolumeSerial

String

Filesystem volume serial number.

VolumeName

String

Filesystem volume name.

FreeClusters

Long

Number of free culsters or blocks in the filesystem.

ExpirationDate

DateTime

Date and time when the filesystem expires.

EffectiveDate

DateTime

Date and time when the filesystem becomes effective.

SystemIdentifier

String

System identifier.

VolumeSetIdentifier

String

Volume set identifier.

PublisherIdentifier

String

Publisher identifier.

DataPreparerIdentifier

String

Data preparer identifier.

ApplicationIdentifier

String

Application identifier.

Files

Media file[]

Files contained in the filesystem.

Graphical Processing Unit

This artifact represents a chip, or chipset, whose functionality is the generation of text, bidimensional raster images, bidimensional vectorial images, tridimensional images or raytraced images, to be shown by a machine.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Commercial name of the graphical processing unit.

Company

Company

Identifier of the company artifact that manufactured the graphical processing unit.

Model

String

Model number, SKU or equivalent of this graphical processing unit, if applicable.

Introduced

DateTime

Date of public introduction (sale), minimum value for prototypes and NULL for unknown.

Package

String

If graphical processing unit is a single chip, chip package type.

Process

String

If graphical processing unit is a single chip, chip manufacturing process.

ProcessNm

Float

If graphical processing unit is a single chip, size in nanometers of the manufacturing process.

DieSize

Float

If graphical processing unit is a single chip, size in square milimeters of the die surface area.

Transistors

Long

If graphical processing unit is a single chip, number of transistors, if applicable, that comprise it.

Resolutions

Resolution[]

List of resolutions the graphical processing unit can generate.

Instruction set

This artifact lists the known instruction sets that can be implemented by a processor.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Name of the instruction set.

Instruction set extension

This artifact lists the known instruction set extensions that can be implemented by a processor.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Name of the instruction set extension.

ISO 3166-1 Numeric

This artifact contains the list of numeric unique identifiers for countries, existing or historic, as defined by the ISO 3166 standard.

Field name

Field type

Description

Id

Short

ISO 3166-1 Numeric country code

Name

String(64)

Country name

ISO 4217

This artifact lists all currencies, existing and historic, as defined in the ISO 4217 standard.

Field name

Field type

Description

Code

String(3)

Alphanumeric unique identifier for the currency.

Numeric

Int(3)

Numerical unique identifier for the currency.

Minor unit

Int(1)

Number of decimal points to represent minor units.

Name

String

Name of the currency.

Withdrawn

Date

Date the currency become historic.

ISO 639

This artifact contains the list of unique identifiers for languages, existing or historic, as defined by the ISO 639 standard.

Field name

Field type

Description

Id

Char(3)

ISO 639-3 language code

Part2B

Char(3)

ISO 639-2 Bibliographic language code

Part2T

Char(3)

ISO 639-2 Terminological language code

Part1

Char(2)

ISO 639-1 language code

Scope

Char(1)

Language code scope

Type

Char(1)

Language type

ReferenceName

String(150)

Language reference name

Comment

String(150)

Comment on any of the other columns

License

This artifact contains the list of software licenses, document licenses, and other copyright authorization licenses.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

License name

SPDX

String

SPDX license identifier

FsfApproved

Bool

Set if license is approved as open-source by the Free Software Foundation

OsiApproved

Bool

Set if license is approved as open-source by the Open Source Initiative

Link

Url

Link to the entity responsible of the license creation

Text

Text(131072)

Full license text

Logical partition

This artifact represents a logical partition inside a media.

Field name

Field type

Description

Sequence

Int

Partition number.

Name

String

Partition name, if the partition scheme includes it.

Type

String

Partition type.

FirstSector

Long

First sector of the partition.

LastSector

Long

Last sector of the partition.

Size

Long

Size in bytes of the partition.

Description

String

Partition description, if the partition scheme includes it.

Scheme

String

Name of the partition scheme.

Filesystems

Filesystem[]

List of known filesystems residing in this partition.

Machine

This artifact represents a turing complete physical machine, typically a computer, videogame console, arcade board, etc.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Name of the machine.

Company

Company

Identifier of the company artifact that manufactured the machine.

MachineType

Machine type

Type of machine.

Introduced

DateTime

Date of public introduction (sale), minimum value for prototypes and NULL for unknown.

Family

Machine family

Identifier of the machine family this machine belongs to.

Model

String

Model number, SKU or equivalent of this machine, if applicable.

Gpus

Graphical Processing Unit[]

List of graphical processing units that came installed from factory with this machine.

Memory

Memory[]

List of memory that came installed from factory with this machine.

Processors

Processor by machine[]

List of processors that came installed from factory with this machine.

Sound

Sound synthetizer[]

List of sound synthetizers that came installed from factory with this machine.

Storage

Storage by machine[]

List of storage units that came installed from factory with this machine.

Photos

Machine photo[]

List of photographies belonging to this machine that have been uploaded to the system.

Screens

Screen[]

List of screens this machine has physically, and inseparably, installed from factory with this machine.

Documents

Document[]

List of documents where this machine is a main topic.

Books

Book[]

List of books where this machine is a main topic.

Magazines

Magazine issue[]

List of magazines issues where this machine is a main topic.

Machine family

This artifact represents an aggrupation of machines that are technically the same, side for some configuration, or regional, differences. As an example, the Sega Genesis / Mega Drive family of videogame consoles, or the Apple Powerbook 1400 family of laptop computers.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Name of the machine family.

Company

Company

Identifier of the company artifact that manufactured the machine family members.

Documents

Document[]

List of documents where this machine family is a main topic.

Books

Book[]

List of books where this machine family is a main topic.

Magazines

Magazine issue[]

List of magazines issues where this machine family is a main topic.

Machine photo

This artifact represents the photographies about a machine that are stored in the system.

Field name

Field type

Description

Author

String

Name of the author of the photo.

CameraManufacturer

String

Manufacturer of the camera.

CameraModel

String

Model of the camera.

ColorSpace

ColorSpace

Colorspace of the photo.

Comments

String

User comments for the photo.

Contrast

Contrast

Contrast from EXIF.

CreationDate

DateTime

Date and time the photo was taken.

DigitalZoomRatio

Double

Digital zoom ratio.

ExifVersion

String

EXIF version.

Exposure

String

Exposure time.

ExposureMethod

ExposureMode

Exposure mode from EXIF.

ExposureProgram

ExposureProgram

Exposure program from EXIF.

Flash

FlashMode

Flash mode from EXIF.

Focal

Double

Focal number (F-number).

FocalLength

Double

Focal length in mm.

FocalLengthEquivalent

Ushort

Focal length equivalent for 35mm.

HorizontalResolution

Double

Horizontal resolution.

IsoRating

Ushort

ISO rating.

Lens

String

Lens name.

LightSource

LightSource

Light source from EXIF.

MeteringMode

MeteringMode

Metering mode from EXIF.

ResolutionUnit

ResolutionUnit

Unit for horizontal and vertical resolutions.

Orientation

Orientation

Orientation.

Saturation

Saturation

Saturation from EXIF.

SceneCaptureType

SceneCaptureType

Scene capture type from EXIF.

SensingMethod

SensingMethod

Sensing method from EXIF.

Sharpness

Sharpness

Sharpness from EXIF.

SoftwareUsed

String

Software used in the process of this photo.

SubjectDistanceRange

SubjectDistanceRange

Subject distance range from EXIF.

UploadDate

DateTime

Date and time when this photo was uploaded to the system.

VerticalResolution

Double

Vertical resolution.

WhiteBalance

WhiteBalance

White balance from EXIF.

User

User

User that uploaded this photo.

License

License

License that covers the rights for this photo.

Source

Url

URL were this photo was taken from, if not original.

Machine

Machine

Machine this photo belongs to.

Magazine

This artifact represents magazines about computing.

Field name

Field type

Description

Title

String

Untranslated title in the default system writing script.

NativeTitle

String

Title as written in the magazine cover.

Country

ISO 3166-1 Numeric

Country of publication.

Synopsis

FullText

Magazine synopsis.

Issn

String(8)

International Standard Serial Number.

FirstPublication

Date

Date when the first issue of the magazine was published.

Issues

Magazine issue[]

List of published issues of this magazine.

Magazine issue

This artifact represents issues from magazines about computing.

Field name

Field type

Description

Magazine

Magazine

Link to the magazine information

Caption

String

Untranslated caption in the default system writing script.

NativeCaption

String

Original caption in the original writing script.

Published

DateTime

Date and time when this issue was published.

ProductCode

String(18)

EAN or UPC of this magazine issue.

Pages

Short

Number of pages in this magazine.

CoverMedia

Media[]

Media included with this magazine issue.

Mastering texts by media

This artifact represents text written in the physical media itself by the mastering or manufacturer facility.

Field name

Field type

Description

Type

Mastering text type

Mastering text type.

Text

String

Mastering text.

Side

Short

Side if applicable.

Layer

Short

Layer if applicable.

Media

Media

Media this mastering text belongs to.

Media

This artifact represents media (disks, tapes, cartridges), that compose a software variant.

Field name

Field type

Description

Title

String

Title as shown in media.

Sequence

Short

Sequence number of media.

LastSequence

Short

Last sequence number in media set.

Type

Media type

Type of media.

WriteOffset

Int

In Compact Disc and derivates, the number of bytes of write offset.

Sides

Short

For optical discs, number of written/stamped sides.

Layers

Short

For optical discs, number of layers per side.

Sessions

Short

For optical discs, the number of recorded/stamped sessions.

Tracks

Short

For optical discs, the number of recorded/stamped tracks.

Sectors

Long

Total number of sectors in media.

Size

Long

Total number of bytes in media.

CopyProtection

String

Copy protection present in media if applicable.

PartNumber

String

Part number or SKU number.

SerialNumber

String

Serial number from manufacturer when different from part number. This is not the software registration serial number.

Barcode

String

Barcode, if present.

CatalogueNumber

String

Publisher catalogue number.

TableOfContents

Table of contents[]

For optical discs, the disc TOC.

Dumps

Media dump[]

Known dumps for this media.

Partitions

Logical partition[]

Logical partitions on this media.

Manufacturer

String

Media manufacturer.

Model

String

Media model.

Revision

String

Media revision.

Firmware

String

Media firmware version.

Physical block size

Int

Physical block size of media when constant.

Logical block size

Int

Logical block size of media when constant.

Variable block sizes

Variable block size[]

List of block sizes per extent.

Storage interface

Storage interface

If the media is non-removable from the drive (hard disk, flash drive, PCMCIA card, etc), which interface it uses to connect.

Media dump

Represents a known dump of a software media.

Field name

Field type

Description

Format

String

Normalized name of the media dump file format.

Image

Media dump image

Link to media dump image.

Tracks

Media dump track image[]

Link to media dump track image(s).

Files

Media dump file image[]

Link to media dump file image(s).

Subchannel

Media dump subchannel image

Link to media dump subchannel image.

Dump status flags

Dump status flags

Flags giving information about the dump status.

Media dump file image

Represents the file that contains the data from the dump of a software media, restricted to the data of a single tape file.

Field name

Field type

Description

File sequence

Long

File number.

Partition sequence

Short

Partition number this file resides in.

Filesystems

Filesystem[]

List of known filesystems residing in this file.

Size

Long

Size in bytes of the file.

Md5

Binary(16)

MD5 hash of the file contents.

Sha1

Binary(20)

SHA1 hash of the file contents.

Sha256

Binary(32)

SHA2-256 hash of the file contents.

Sha3

Binary(64)

SHA3-512 hash of the file contents.

Spamsum

String

SpamSum fuzzy hash of the file contents.

Media dump image

Represents the file that contains the data from the dump of a software media, or in the case of some specific formats, the descriptor for the tracks in such dump.

Field name

Field type

Description

Size

Long

Size in bytes of the file.

Md5

Binary(16)

MD5 hash of the file contents.

Sha1

Binary(20)

SHA1 hash of the file contents.

Sha256

Binary(32)

SHA2-256 hash of the file contents.

Sha3

Binary(64)

SHA3-512 hash of the file contents.

Spamsum

String

SpamSum fuzzy hash of the file contents.

AccoustId

String

Accoust ID of the audio contained in the file.

Media dump track image

Represents the file that contains the data from the dump of a software media, restricted to the data of a single Compact Disc track.

Field name

Field type

Description

Track sequence

Short

Track number.

Format

String

Normalized name of the format. BINARY if Intel byte ordering for audio tracks, YRANIB if Motorola byte ordering.

Size

Long

Size in bytes of the file.

Md5

Binary(16)

MD5 hash of the file contents.

Sha1

Binary(20)

SHA1 hash of the file contents.

Sha256

Binary(32)

SHA2-256 hash of the file contents.

Sha3

Binary(64)

SHA3-512 hash of the file contents.

Spamsum

String

SpamSum fuzzy hash of the file contents.

AccoustId

String

Accoust ID of the audio contained in the file.

Subchannel

Media dump subchannel image

Link to dump subchannel image for this track only.

Media dump subchannel image

Represents the file that contains the data from the dump of a software media, restricted to the subchannel data from a Compact Disc, being it the full disc or a single track.

Field name

Field type

Description

Track sequence

Short

Track number.

Subchannel

Subchannel flags

Indicates if P, Q, P to W, R to W, etc.

Size

Long

Size in bytes of the file.

Md5

Binary(16)

MD5 hash of the file contents.

Sha1

Binary(20)

SHA1 hash of the file contents.

Sha256

Binary(32)

SHA2-256 hash of the file contents.

Sha3

Binary(64)

SHA3-512 hash of the file contents.

Spamsum

String

SpamSum fuzzy hash of the file contents.

Media file

This artifact represents a file as contained in a filesystem.

Field name

Field type

Description

Path

String

Path where the file resides. By default uses ‘/’ as path separator excepts in the cases that’s a legal character for filenames in the filesystem.

Name

String

Filename, without path.

PathSeparator

String(1)

If present, indicates which is the path separator character present in path. Should only be present when the path separator is not ‘/’.

IsDirectory

Bool

If set, indicates this file is a directory. It must not contain a ‘NULL’ data stream.

CreationDate

DateTime

Date and time when the file was created.

AccessDate

DateTime

Date and time when the file was last opened.

StatusChangeDate

DateTime

Date and time when the file metadata was last changed.

BackupDate

DateTime

Date and time when the file was backed up.

LastWriteDate

DateTime

Date and time when the file was last written or appended.

Attributes

File attributes

File attributes.

PosixMode

Short

POSIX permissions mode. ACLs go in data streams.

DeviceNumber

Int

Device number.

GroupId

Long

Identifier of the owner group.

UserId

Long

Identifier of the owner user.

Inode

Long

Unique identifier of the file in the filesystem it resides.

Links

Long

Number of different paths that point to the same file.

DataStreams

File data stream[]

Contents of the file, its extended attributes, forks, and alternate data streams.

Media tag dump

This artifact represents binary data that is part of a media outside of the normal user area data part. E.g. PFI, DMI, etc.

Field name

Field type

Description

Type

Media tag type

Media tag type.

Tag

File

Information about the contents of the media tag.

Memory

This artifact represents primary storage, a.k.a. memory, present in a machine.

Field name

Field type

Description

Type

Memory type

Type of memory.

Usage

Memory usage

What is the use of the memory in the machine.

Size

Long

Size, in bytes, of the memory.

Speed

Double

Speed, in Hz, of the memory.

Owned machine

This artifact represents a machine as owned by the system owner (museum, preservation society, etc) or registered users.

Field name

Field type

Description

AcquisitionDate

DateTime

Date the machine was acquired.

LostDate

DateTime

Date when the machine was sold, traded, or otherwise lost.

Status

Status type

Status of the machine.

LastStatusDate

DateTime

Last status check date and time.

Trade

Bool

If set, the machine is available for trading with other users.

Boxed

Bool

If set, the user has the original boxing materials.

Manuals

Bool

If set, the user has the original manuals.

SerialNumber

String

Serial number of the machine.

SerialNumberVisible

Bool

If set, the serial number of the machine is visible to other users.

Machine

Machine

Link to machine specifications.

User

User

Link to owner user artifact.

Gpus

Graphical Processing Unit[]

List of graphical processing units that are installed in this machine.

Memory

Memory[]

List of memory that are installed in this machine.

Processors

Processor by owned machine[]

List of processors that are installed in this machine.

Sound

Sound synthetizer[]

List of sound synthetizers that are installed in this machine.

Storage

Storage by owned machine[]

List of storage units that are installed in this machine.

Photos

Owned machine photo[]

List of photographies belonging to this machine that have been uploaded to the system.

Owned machine photo

This artifact represents the photographies about an owned machine that are stored in the system.

Field name

Field type

Description

Author

String

Name of the author of the photo.

CameraManufacturer

String

Manufacturer of the camera.

CameraModel

String

Model of the camera.

ColorSpace

ColorSpace

Colorspace of the photo.

Comments

String

User comments for the photo.

Contrast

Contrast

Contrast from EXIF.

CreationDate

DateTime

Date and time the photo was taken.

DigitalZoomRatio

Double

Digital zoom ratio.

ExifVersion

String

EXIF version.

Exposure

String

Exposure time.

ExposureMethod

ExposureMode

Exposure mode from EXIF.

ExposureProgram

ExposureProgram

Exposure program from EXIF.

Flash

FlashMode

Flash mode from EXIF.

Focal

Double

Focal number (F-number).

FocalLength

Double

Focal length in mm.

FocalLengthEquivalent

Ushort

Focal length equivalent for 35mm.

HorizontalResolution

Double

Horizontal resolution.

IsoRating

Ushort

ISO rating.

Lens

String

Lens name.

LightSource

LightSource

Light source from EXIF.

MeteringMode

MeteringMode

Metering mode from EXIF.

ResolutionUnit

ResolutionUnit

Unit for horizontal and vertical resolutions.

Orientation

Orientation

Orientation.

Saturation

Saturation

Saturation from EXIF.

SceneCaptureType

SceneCaptureType

Scene capture type from EXIF.

SensingMethod

SensingMethod

Sensing method from EXIF.

Sharpness

Sharpness

Sharpness from EXIF.

SoftwareUsed

String

Software used in the process of this photo.

SubjectDistanceRange

SubjectDistanceRange

Subject distance range from EXIF.

UploadDate

DateTime

Date and time when this photo was uploaded to the system.

VerticalResolution

Double

Vertical resolution.

WhiteBalance

WhiteBalance

White balance from EXIF.

User

User

User that uploaded this photo.

License

License

License that covers the rights for this photo.

OwnedMachine

Owned machine

Owned machine this photo belongs to.

People by book

This artifact links books and document people.

Field name

Field type

Description

Person

Document person

Link to the document person.

Book

Book

Link to the book.

Role

Document role

Role the document person has in the book.

People by document

This artifact links documents and document people.

Field name

Field type

Description

Person

Document person

Link to the document person.

Document

Document

Link to the document.

Role

Document role

Role the document person has in the document.

People by magazine

This artifact links magazines and document people.

Field name

Field type

Description

Person

Document person

Link to the document person.

Magazine

Magazine

Link to the magazine.

Role

Document role

Role the document person has in the magazine.

People

This artifact stores information about people that has been important in the computing history.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Person name.

Surname

String

Person surname.

ContryOfBirth

ISO 3166-1 Numeric

Person country of birth (use historic, if applicable).

BirthDate

Date

Date of birth.

DeathDate

Date

Date of death if applicable.

Webpage

Url

Official webpage.

Twitter

String

Official Twitter handle.

Facebook

String

Official Facebook handle.

Photo

Guid

GUID that uniquely identifies the photo of this person that is stored in the system.

DocumentPerson

Document person

Link to document person artifact.

Alias

String

Alias name for the person.

DisplayName

String

Name to be displayed for the person.

Processor

This artifact represents the chip, or chipset, that processes the data, inputs and outputs, or basically, runs the turing machine.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Commercial name of the processor.

Company

Company

Identifier of the company artifact that manufactured the processor.

Model

String

Model number, SKU or equivalent of this processor, if applicable.

Introduced

DateTime

Date of public introduction (sale), minimum value for prototypes and NULL for unknown.

Speed

Double

Nominal sustained speed of the processor. This field can change in the link with a machine.

Package

String

If processor is a single chip, chip package type.

Gprs

Int

Number of general purpose registers, that is, registers used for storage and calculations with integer numbers.

GprSize

Int

Size, in bits, of the general purpose registers.

Fprs

Int

Number of floating point registers, that is, registers used for storage and calculations with floating point numbers.

FprSize

Int

Size, in bits, of the floating point registers. If this value is positive, but the number of FPRs is 0, means floating point numbers of the specified bits are stored in the general purporse registers.

Cores

Int

Number of simultaneous executing complete cores.

ThreadsPerCore

Int

Number of simultaneous threads each core can execute.

Process

String

If processor is a single chip, chip manufacturing process.

ProcessNm

Float

If processor is a single chip, size in nanometers of the manufacturing process.

DieSize

Float

If processor is a single chip, size in square milimeters of the die surface area.

Transistors

Long

If processor is a single chip, number of transistors, if applicable, that comprise it.

DataBus

Int

Size in bits of the external data bus.

AddrBus

Int

Size in bits of the external address bus.

SimdRegisters

Int

Number of registers designated for SIMD calculations.

SimdSize

Int

Size of registers designated for SIMD calculations. If this has a positive value, but the number of registers is zero, it means SIMD calculations are executed in the FPRs (or the GPRs if they are zero).

L1Instruction

Float

Size in kibibytes of the L1 instruction cache.

L1Data

Float

Size in kibibytes of the L1 data cache.

L2

Float

Size in kibibytes of the L2 cache.

L3

Float

Size in kibibytes of the L3 cache.

InstructionSet

Instruction set

Instruction set implemented by this processor.

InstructionSetExtensions

Instruction set extension[]

List of extensions of the instruction set implemented by this processor.

Processor by machine

This artifact links a processor artifact and a machine artifact.

Field name

Field type

Description

Processor

Processor

Link to processor.

Machine

Machine

Link to machine.

Speed

Float

Speed, in MHz, the linked processor runs at in the linked machine.

Processor by owned machine

This artifact links a processor artifact and an owned machine artifact.

Field name

Field type

Description

Processor

Processor

Link to processor.

OwnedMachine

Owned machine

Link to owned machine.

Speed

Float

Speed, in MHz, the linked processor runs at in the linked owned machine.

Resolution

This artifact represents a graphical resolution characteristics, to be generated by a graphical processing unit.

Field name

Field type

Description

Width

Int

Width of the resolution.

Height

Int

Height of the resolution.

Colors

Long

Number of simultaneous colors in the resolution.

Palette

Long

Number of colors available non simultaneously in the resolution.

Chars

Bool

If set, width and height indicate text characters. If not, they indicate pixels.

Grayscale

Bool

If set, colors and palette refer to number of shades of gray.

Screen

This artifact represents a physical screen.

Field name

Field type

Description

Width

Double

Width of the visible area of the screen in mm.

Height

Double

Height of the visible area of the screen in mm.

Diagonal

Double

Diagonal of the visible area of the screen in inches.

NativeResolution

Resolution

Native resolution of the screen.

EffectiveColors

Long

Maximum number of effective colors the screen can show.

Type

String

Screen physical type.

Resolutions

Resolution[]

List of resolutions supported by the screen.

Software family

This artifact identifies software, and englobes all different platforms, regional and language, or other variations of the software, that are finally published, distributed, or otherwise prototyped.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Name of the software family.

Introduction

Date

Date the software was first distributed in any way, or special values for never published prototypes.

Companies

CompaniesBySoftware[]

Companies that participated in the creation and/or distribution of the software.

People

PeopleBySoftware[]

People that participated in the creation and/or distribution of the software.

Versions

Software version[]

Versions of this software.

Parent

Software family[]

Software family this software family is a direct derivate, or continuation from.

Software variant

This artifact represents a specific distributed variant of a software version. A variant can be a different language, an upgrade only variant, a port to another platform, etc.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Name of the software variant.

Version

String

Software version number, if different from the parent SoftwareVersion.

Introduction

Date

Date this variant of the software was first distributed in any way, or special values for never published prototypes.

Companies

CompaniesBySoftware[]

Companies that participated in the creation and/or distribution of this variant of the software.

People

PeopleBySoftware[]

People that participated in the creation and/or distribution of this variant of the software.

Parent

Software variant

Software variant this variant is a direct derivate from.

Architectures

Instruction set[]

Instruction set architectures this software variant runs on.

Languages

ISO 639[]

Languages this variant runs on.

RequiredProcessors

Processor[]

List of minimum required processor to run this variant.

RequiredGpus

Graphical Processing Unit[]

List of minimum required graphical processing units to run this variant.

RequiredSoundSynths

Sound synthetizer[]

List of sound synthetizers supported by this variant.

RequiredMemory

Long

Minimum required available primary memory for running this variant, in bytes.

RecommendedMemory

Long

Recommended available primary memory for running this variant, in bytes

RequiredStorage

Long

Minimum required available secondary storage, not including the installation media, for running this variant, in bytes.

RequiredOperatingSystem

Software version[]

Minimum required operating system versions this software variant requires to run.

RequiredSoftware

Software version[]

Software versiosn that this variant requires to install, or run. This field shall not be an operating system except when this variant is another operating system and the old one will be upgraded to this version/variant.

MachineFamilies

Machine family[]

List of machines families this software variant runs on.

Machines

Machine[]

List of machines this family is restricted to run on. E.g. operating system versions that are locked to install on specific machines only.

Files

Standalone files[]

Files that make the installer, when distribution is purely digital (but not a disk image), or network install.

Media

Media[]

Media that makes the software variant, or when distribution is a digital disk image.

PartNumber

String

Part number or SKU number.

SerialNumber

String

Serial number from manufacturer when different from part number. This is not the software registration serial number.

ProductCode

String

Product code, as present in barcode, if applicable.

CatalogueNumber

String

Publisher catalogue number.

DistributionMode

Distribution mode

How is the software variant distributed.

Software version

This artifact identifies a specific software version.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Name of the software version.

Codename

String

Software codename.

Version

String

Software version number.

Introduction

Date

Date this version of the software was first distributed in any way, or special values for never published prototypes.

License

License

License of this version of the software.

Companies

CompaniesBySoftware[]

Companies that participated in the creation and/or distribution of this version of the software.

People

PeopleBySoftware[]

People that participated in the creation and/or distribution of this version of the software.

Previous

Software version

Next known version of this software.

Next

Software version

Previous known version of this software.

Variants

Software variant[]

Variants of this software version.

Sound synthetizer

This artifact represents a chip, or chipset, whose functionality is the generation of sounds from a machine.

Field name

Field type

Description

Name

String

Commercial name of the processor.

Company

Company

Identifier of the company artifact that manufactured the sound synthetizer.

ModelCode

String

Model number, SKU or equivalent of this sound synthetizer, if applicable.

Introduced

DateTime

Date of public introduction (sale), minimum value for prototypes and NULL for unknown.

Voices

Int

Number of PCM voices the sound synthetizer can generate simultaneously.

Frequency

Double

Sample rate in Hz.

Depth

Int

Sample resolution in bits.

SquareWave

Int

Number of square wave generators in the sound synthetizer.

WhiteNoise

Int

Number of white noise generators in the sound synthetizer.

Type

SoundSynthType

Type of sound synthetizer.

Standalone files

This artifact represents the file, or set of files, used to install software, when it does not come as a media. It has exactly the same fields as Media file.

Storage by machine

This artifact represents a secondary storage, usually a disk drive, installed on a machine.

Field name

Field type

Description

Type

Storage type

Storage type.

Interface

Storage interface

Interface the storage uses to connect to the machine.

Capacity

Long

Capacity, in bytes, of the storage.

Storage by owned machine

This artifact represents a secondary storage, usually a disk drive, installed on a owned machine.

Field name

Field type

Description

Type

Storage type

Storage type.

Interface

Storage interface

Interface the storage uses to connect to the machine.

Capacity

Long

Capacity, in bytes, of the storage.

Software variant by compilation

This artifact represents the software that is included in compilation media, such as magazine cover media.

Field name

Field type

Description

Path

String

Relative path, where the software resides inside the magazine media. NULL if the whole media belongs to the software.

PathSeparator

String(1)

If present, indicates which is the path separator character present in path. Should only be present when the path separator is not ‘/’.

Software

Software variant

Link to the software variant.

Media

Media

Link to the media included as cover in the magazine issue.

Table of contents

This artifact represents the table of contents of an optical disc.

Field name

Field type

Description

TrackNumber

Int

Track number.

SessionNumber

Int

Session number.

FirstSector

Long

First sector of the track, inclusive of any pregap.

LastSector

Long

Last sector of the track, inclusive of any postgap.

TrackType

TrackType

Track type.

Variable block size

This artifact represents an extent of media that has a constant block size, but can be different from another extent in the same media.

Field name

Field type

Description

Start

Long

First sector, inclusive, of this extent.

End

Long

Last sector, inclusive, of this extent.

Size

Long

Size in bytes of the blocks contained in this extent.

Enumerations

The purpose of this section is to describe the various enumerations that help to classify the artifacts

Status type

This enumeration lists the status an owned machine can have.

Value

Description

Unknown

The status of the owned machine is unknown.

TestedGood

The last time the owned machine was tested it was working correctly.

NotTested

The owned machine has never been tested.

TestedBad

The last time the owned machine was tested it presented several problems.

Company status

This enumeration lists the status of a company.

Value

Description

Unknown

The status of the company is unknown or not set.

Active

The company exists and is active.

Sold

The company was sold, totally or partially.

Merged

The company merged with another to form a third company.

Bankrupt

The company legally filled for bankruptcy.

Defunct

The company ceased operations for reasons different to bankruptcy.

Renamed

The company was renamed, possibly with a change of intentions.

Machine type

This enumeration lists the types of machines.

Value

Description

Unknown

Unknown machine type.

Computer

Computer.

Console

Videogame console.

Arcade

Arcade board. Can be a single game board, or a multiple game board.

Pda

Personal digital assistant. Also modern tablets fall in this category.

Smartphone

Personal digital assistant with integrated phone capabilities.

Memory type

This enumeration lists the types of primary storage.

Value

Description

Unknown

The type of the memory is unknown or not set.

DRAM

Dynamic RAM

FPM

Fast page mode DRAM

EDO

Extended Data Out DRAM

VRAM

Dual-ported video DRAM

SDRAM

Synchronous DRAM

DDR

DDR SDRAM

DDR2

DDR SDRAM v2

DDR3

DDR SDRAM v3

DDR4

DDR SDRAM v4

DDR5

DDR SDRAM v5

RDRAM

Rambus DRAM

SGRAM

Synchronous Graphics RAM

PSRAM

Pseudostatic RAM

SRAM

Static RAM

ROM

Read-only memory

PROM

Programmable ROM

EPROM

Erasable and programmable ROM

EEPROM

Electronically-erasable and programmable ROM

NAND

NAND flash

NOR

NOR flash

ReRAM

Resistive RAM

CBRAM

Conductive-bridging RAM

DWM

Domain-wall memory

NanoRAM

Nano-RAM

Millipede

Millipede memory

FJG

Floating Junction Gate RAM

PunchedPaper

Punched paper

DrumMemory

Drum memory

MagneticCore

Magnetic-core

PlatedWire

Plated wire memory

CoreRope

Core rope memory

ThinFilm

Thin-film memory

Twistor

Twistor memory

Bubble

Bubble memory

Memory usage

This enumeration lists the kind of uses for primary storage.

Value

Description

Unknown

The use of the memory is unknown or not set.

Bootloader

Contains a boot loader (usually read-only) whose only function is to load the next memory (firmware or cartridge).

Firmware

Contains hardware initialization code, some (or many) low level calls and code to load software from secondary storage.

Work

Memory used by software running in the machine.

Video

Memory used by the graphics processing units.

Sound

Memory used by the sound synthetizers.

Wavetable

Memory used to store wave tables.

StorageBuffer

Memory used as a buffer from secondary storage.

Save

Memory used to save arbitrary data and possibly also configuration.

Configuration

Memory used to save only configuration.

Unified

Memory accessible directly to any of the processors in the machine, including graphical processing units and sound synthetizers.

Storage type

This enumeration lists the types of secondary storage.

Value

Description

Empty

The interface is empty.

Unknown

The type of storage is unknown or not set.

MagnetoOptical

Unknown type of magneto-optical drive.

HardDisk

Generic hard disk drive.

Microdrive

IBM/Hitachi Microdrive

ZonedHardDisk

Generic zoned hard disk drive.

FlashDrive

Generic flash drive.

CompactDisc

Compact Disc.

DDCD

Double-Density Compact Disc.

PD650

PD650

DVD

DVD

DVDRAM

DVD-RAM

HDDVD

HD DVD

Bluray

Blu-ray

EVD

Enhanced Versatile Disc

FVD

Forward Versatile Disc

HVD

Holographic Versatile Disc

CBHD

China Blue High Definition

HDVMD

High Definition Versatile Multilayer Disc

VCDHD

Versatile Compact Disc High Density

SVOD

Stacked Volumetric Optical Disc

FDDVD

Five Dimensional disc

LD

LaserDisc

LDROM

LaserDisc with digital data (Pioneer variation)

LDROM2

LaserDisc for LD-ROM2 PAC

LVROM

LaserVision with digital data (Philips variation)

MegaLD

LaserDisc for Mega LD PAC

MD

MiniDisc

MDData

MiniDisc Data

MDData2

MiniDisc Data 2

HiMD

HiMD

UDO

UDO

UDO2

UDO 2

PlayStationMemoryCard

PlayStation memory card

PlayStationMemoryCard2

PlayStation 2 memory card

PS1CD

PlayStation Compact Disc

PS2CD

PlayStation 2 Compact Disc

PS2DVD

PlayStation 2 DVD

PS3DVD

PlayStation 3 DVD

PS3BD

PlayStation 3 Blu-ray

PS4BD

PlayStation 4 Blu-ray

UMD

PlayStation Portable Universal Media Disc

XGD

Xbox Game Disc

XGD2

Xbox 360 Game Disc

XGD3

Xbox 360 Game Disc (later variant)

XGD4

Xbox One Game Disc

MEGACD

Sega MegaCD (Sega CD) Compact Disc

SATURNCD

Sega Saturn Compact Disc

GDROM

Sega/Yamaha GD-ROM

SegaCard

Sega game card

HuCard

Hudson Soft game card

SuperCDROM2

Super CD-ROM2

JaguarCD

Jaguar Compact Disc

ThreeDO

3DO Compact Disc

PCFX

NEC PC-FX Compact Disc

NeoGeoCD

SNK Neo-Geo Compact Disc

Floppy

8” floppy

Minifloppy

5¼” floppy

Microfloppy

3½” floppy

AppleFileWare

Apple FileWare floppy

Bernoulli

Iomega Bernoulli

Bernoulli2

Iomega Bernoulli (2nd generation)

Ditto

Iomega Ditto

DittoMax

Iomega Ditto MAX

Jaz

Iomega JAZ

Jaz2

Iomega JAZ (2nd generation)

PocketZip

Iomega Clik! (aka PocketZip)

REV120

Iomega REV (120Gb variant)

REV70

Iomega REV (70Gb variant)

REV35

Iomega REV (35Gb variant)

ZIP100

Iomega ZIP (100Mb variant)

ZIP250

Iomega ZIP (250Mb variant)

ZIP750

Iomega ZIP (750Mb variant)

CompactCassette

Philips Compact Cassette

Data8

Data8 cassette

MiniDV

MiniDV cassette

CFast

CFast memory card

CompactFlash

CompactFlash memory card

CompactFlashType2

CompactFlash memory card (type 2)

EZ135

Syquest EZ135

EZ230

Syquest EZ230

Quest

Syquest Quest

SparQ

Syquest SparQ

SQ100

Syquest SQ100

SQ200

Syquest SQ200

SQ300

Syquest SQ300

SQ310

Syquest SQ310

SQ327

Syquest SQ327

SQ400

Syquest SQ400

SQ800

Syquest SQ800

SQ1500

Syquest SQ1500

SQ2000

Syquest SQ2000

SyJet

Syquest SyJet

FamicomGamePak

Nintendo Famicom Game Pak

GameBoyAdvanceGamePak

Nintendo Game Boy Advance Game Pak

GameBoyGamePak

Nintendo Game Boy Game Pak

GOD

Nintendo Gamecube Optical Disc

N64DD

Nintendo 64 Disk Drive

N64GamePak

Nintendo 64 Game Pak

NESGamePak

Nintendo Entertainment System Game Pak

Nintendo3DSGameCard

Nintendo 3DS Game Card

NintendoDiskCard

Nintendo Famicom Disk Card

NintendoDSGameCard

Nintendo DS Game Card

NintendoDSiGameCard

Nintendo DSi Game Card

SNESGamePak

Super Nintendo Entertainment System Game Pak and Super Famicom Game Pak

SNESGamePakUS

Super Nintendo Entertainment System Game Pak (USA variant)

WOD

Nintendo Wii Optical Disc

WUOD

Nintendo Wii U Optical Disc

SwitchGameCard

Nintendo Switch Game Card

MemoryStick

Memory Stick

MemoryStickDuo

Memory Stick Duo

MemoryStickMicro

Memory Stick Micro

MemoryStickPro

Memory Stick Pro

MemoryStickProDuo

Memory Stick Pro Duo

microSD

microSD memory card

miniSD

miniSD memory card

SecureDigital

SecureDigital memory card

MMC

MultiMediaCard memory card

MMCmicro

MMCmicro memory card

RSMMC

RS-MMC memory card

MMCplus

MMCplus memory card

MMCmobile

MMCmobile memory card

eMMC

eMMC memory card

MO120

Generic 120mm magneto-optical

MO90

Generic 90mm magneto-optical

MO300

Generic 300mm magneto-optical

MO356

Generic 356mm magneto-optical

CompactFloppy

3” floppy

DemiDiskette

4” floppy

Floptical

3½” floppy with optical technology by Insite

HiFD

3½” floppy with optical technology by Sony

QuickDisk

2.8” floppy

UHD144

3½” floppy with optical technology by Caleb

VideoFloppy

2” floppy with analogue video

Wafer

Rotronics Wafadrive

ZXMicrodrive

Sinclair ZX Microdrive

BeeCard

BeeCard

Borsu

Borsu

DataStore

DataStore

MiniCard

MiniCard

Orb

Castlewood Orb

Orb5

Castlewood Orb (2nd generation)

SmartMedia

SmartMedia memory card

xD

xD memory card

XQD

XQD memory card

DataPlay

DataPlay

LS120

3½” floppy with optical technology by Imation

LS240

3½” floppy with optical technology by Imation (2nd generation)

FD32MB

3½” standard floppy formatted with optical technology by Imation

RDX

RDX interchangable disk interface

PunchedCard

Punched paper

Storage interface

This enumeration lists the interfaces a machine can provide for connection of secondary storage.

Value

Description

Unknown

The interface for storage is unknown or not set.

ACSI

Atari Computer System Interface.

ATA

AT attachment.

XTA

XT attachment.

ESDI

Enhanced Small Disk Interface.

SCSI

Small Computer System Interface.

USB

Universal Serial Bus.

FireWire

FireWire.

SASI

Shugart Associates System Interface.

ST506

Seagate ST-506 interface.

IPI

Intelligent Peripheral Interface.

SMD

Storage Module Device.

SATA

Serial ATA.

SSA

Serial Storage Architecture.

DSSI

Digital Storage Systems Interconnect.

HIPPI

High Performance Parallel Interface.

SAS

Serial Attached SCSI.

FC

Fibre Channel.

PCIe

PCI Express.

M2

M.2

SataExpress

SATA Express.

ColorSpace

This enumeration lists the photo color spaces defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

1

sRGB

2

Adobe RGB

4093

Wide Gamut RGB

65534

ICC Profile

65535

Uncalibrated

Contrast

This enumeration lists the photo contrasts defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Normal

1

Low

2

High

ExposureMode

This enumeration lists the photo exposure modes defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Auto

1

Manual

2

Auto bracket

ExposureProgram

This enumeration lists the photo exposure programs defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Not defined

1

Manual

2

Program AE

3

Aperture-priority AE

4

Shutter speed priority AE

5

Creative (slow speed)

6

Action (high speed)

7

Portrait

8

Landscape

9

Bulb

FlashMode

This enumeration lists the photo flash modes defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

No flash.

1

Fired.

5

Fired, return not detected.

7

Fired, return detected.

8

On, did not fire.

9

On, fired.

13

On, return not detected.

15

On, return detected.

16

Off, did not fire.

20

Off, did not fire, return not detected.

24

Auto, did not fire.

25

Auto, fired.

29

Auto, fired, return not detected.

31

Auto, fired, return detected.

32

No flash function.

48

Off, no flash function.

65

Fired, red-eye reduction.

69

Fired, red-eye reduction, return not detected.

71

Fired, red-eye reduction, return detected.

73

On, red-eye reduction.

77

On, red-eye reduction, return not detected.

79

On, red-eye reduction, return detected.

80

Off, red-eye reduction.

88

Auto, did not fire, red-eye reduction.

89

Auto, fired, red-eye reduction.

93

Auto, fired, red-eye reduction, return not detected.

95

Auto, fired, red-eye reduction, return detected.

LightSource

This enumeration lists the photo light sources defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Unknown.

1

Daylight.

2

Fluorescent.

3

Tungsten (incandescent).

4

Flash.

9

Fine weather.

10

Cloudy.

11

Shade.

12

Daylight fluorescent.

13

Day white fluorescent.

14

Cool white fluorescent.

15

White fluorescent.

16

Warm white fluorescent.

17

Standard light A.

18

Standard light B.

19

Standard light C.

20

D55.

21

D65.

22

D75.

23

D50.

24

ISO Studio Tungsten.

255

Other.

MeteringMode

This enumeration lists the photo metering modes defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Unknown.

1

Average.

2

Center-weighted average.

3

Spot.

4

Multi-spot.

5

Multi-segment.

6

Partial.

255

Other.

Orientation

This enumeration lists the photo orientations defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

1

Horizontal.

2

Mirror horizontal.

3

Rotate 180°.

4

Mirror vertical.

5

Mirror horizontal and rotate 270° clock-wise.

6

Rotate 90° clock-wise.

7

Mirror horizontal and rotate 90° clock-wise.

8

Rotate 270° clock-wise.

ResolutionUnit

This enumeration lists the photo resolution units defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

1

None.

2

Inches.

3

Centimeters.

Saturation

This enumeration lists the photo saturations defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Normal.

1

Low.

2

High.

SceneCaptureType

This enumeration lists the photo scene capture types defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Standard.

1

Landscape.

2

Portrait.

3

Night.

SensingMethod

This enumeration lists the photo sensing methods defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

1

Not defined.

2

One-chip color area.

3

Two-chip color area.

4

Three-chip color area.

5

Color sequential area.

7

Trilinear.

8

Color sequential linear.

SubjectDistanceRange

This enumeration lists the photo subject distance ranges defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Unknown.

1

Macro.

2

Close.

3

Distant.

WhiteBalance

This enumeration lists the photo white balances defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Auto.

1

Manual.

Sharpness

This enumeration lists the photo sharpness defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Normal.

1

Low.

2

High.

Mastering text type

This enumeration lists the types of mastering text.

Value

Description

LotNo

Lot number, usuallly printed or engraved in floppies.

MastSID

Mastering SID code.

MouldSID

Mould SID code.

MastCode

Mastering code, written by laser.

Barcode

Barcode (not BCA) of optical discs, usually Code 39.

Toolstamp

Toolstamp code, engraved.

M edia type

This enumeration lists the type of media. It is maintained in sync with Aaru media type enumeration.

Value

Description

0

Unknown.

1

Unknown magneto-optical

2

Generic hard disk.

3

Microdrive type hard disk.

4

Zone hard disk.

5

USB flash drive.

6

Unknown streamed block tape.

10

Unknown or non-standard Compact Disc

11

Compact Disc Digital Audio (Red Book)

12

CD+G (Red Book)

13

CD+EG (Red Book)

14

CD-i (Green Book)

15

CD-ROM (Yellow Book)

16

CD-ROM XA (Yellow Book)

17

CD+ (Blue Book)

18

CD-MO (Orange Book)

19

CD-Recordable (Orange Book)

20

CD-ReWritable (Orange Book)

21

Mount-Rainier CD-RW

22

Video CD (White Book)

23

Super Video CD (White Book)

24

Photo CD (Beige Book)

25

Super Audio CD (Scarlet Book)

26

Double-Density CD-ROM (Purple Book)

27

DD CD-R (Purple Book)

28

DD CD-RW (Purple Book)

29

DTS audio CD (non-standard)

30

CD-MIDI (Red Book)

31

CD-Video (ISO/IEC 61104)

32

PD650 (ECMA-240, ISO 15485)

33

PD650 WORM (ECMA-240, ISO 15485)

34

CD-i Ready

35

FM-Towns disc

40

DVD-ROM (applies to DVD Video and DVD Audio)

41

DVD-R

42

DVD-RW

43

DVD+R

44

DVD+RW

45

DVD+RW DL

46

DVD-R DL

47

DVD+R DL

48

DVD-RAM

49

DVD-RW DL

50

DVD-Download

51

HD DVD-ROM (applies also to HD DVD Video)

52

HD DVD-RAM

53

HD DVD-R

54

HD DVD-RW

55

HD DVD-R DL

56

HD DVD-RW DL

60

BD-ROM (applies also to Blu-ray video)

61

BD-R

62

BD-RE

63

BD-R XL

64

BD-RE XL

70

Enhanced Versatile Disc

71

Forward Versatile Disc

72

Holographic Versatile Disc

73

China Blue High Definition

74

High Definition Versatile Multilayer Disc

75

Versatile Compact Disc High Density

76

Stacked Volumetric Optical Disc

77

Five Dimensional disc

80

LaserDisc or LaserVision

81

Pioneer LD-ROM

82

Pioneer LD-ROM2

83

Philips LV-ROM

84

Pioneer MegaLD

90

Sony Hi-MD

91

Sony MiniDisc

92

Sony MiniDisc for Data

93

Sony MiniDisc for Data 2

100

UDO (ECMA-350, ISO 17345)

101

UDO2 (ECMA-380, ISO 11976)

102

UDO2 WORM (ECMA-380, ISO 11976)

110

PlayStation Memory Card

111

PlayStation 2 Memory Card

112

PlayStation Game CD

113

PlayStation 2 Game CD

114

PlayStation 2 Game DVD

115

PlayStation 3 Game DVD

116

PlayStation 3 Game Blu-ray

117

PlayStation 4 Game Blu-ray

118

PlayStation Portable Universal Media Disc (ECMA-365)

119

PlayStation Vita Game Card

130

Microsoft X-box Game Disc

131

Microsoft X-box 360 Game Disc

132

Microsoft X-box 360 Game Disc 2

133

Microsoft X-box One Game Disc

150

Sega CD / Sega MegaCD disc

151

Sega Saturn disc

152

Sega/Yamaha Gigabyte Disc (GD-ROM)

153

Sega/Yamaha Recordable Gigabyte Disc (GD-R)

154

Sega Card

155

MilCD

170

PC-Engine / TurboGrafx cartridge

171

Super CDROM2

172

Atari Jaguar CD disc

173

3DO disc

174

NEC PC-FX disc

175

Neo-Geo CD disc

176

Commodore CDTV disc

177

Amiga CD32 disc

178

Nuon disc

179

Bandai Playdia disc

180

Apple ][ 5.25” disk, 13 sectors

181

Apple ][ 5.25” disk, 13 sectors, two sides

182

Apple ][ 5.25” disk, 16 sectors

183

Apple ][ 5.25” disk, 16 sectors, two sides

184

Apple 3.5” disk, double density, single side

185

Apple 3.5” disk, double density, double side

186

Apple FileWare 5.25” disk

190

IBM PC 5.25” disk, 8 sectors, single side

191

IBM PC 5.25” disk, 9 sectors, single side

192

IBM PC 5.25” disk, 8 sectors, double side

193

IBM PC 5.25” disk, 9 sectors, double side

194

IBM PC 5.25” disk, high density

195

IBM PC 3.5” disk, double density, 8 sectors, single side

196

IBM PC 3.5” disk, double density, 9 sectors, single side

197

IBM PC 3.5” disk, double density, 8 sectors, double side

198

IBM PC 3.5” disk, double density, 9 sectors, double side

199

IBM PC 3.5” disk, high density

200

IBM PC 3.5” disk, extra density

201

Microsoft DMF 3.5” disk

202

Microsoft DMF 3.5” disk, 82 tracks

203

IBM XDF 5.25” disk

204

IBM XDF 3.5” disk, high density

210

IBM 23FD 8” disk

211

IBM 33FD 8” disk, 128 bytes per sector

212

IBM 33FD 8” disk, 256 bytes per sector

213

IBM 33FD 8” disk, 512 bytes per sector

214

IBM 43FD 8” disk, 128 bytes per sector

215

IBM 43FD 8” disk, 256 bytes per sector

216

IBM 53FD 8” disk, 256 bytes per sector

217

IBM 53FD 8” disk, 512 bytes per sector

218

IBM 53FD 8” disk, 1024 bytes per sector

220

DEC RX01 8” disk

221

DEC RX02 8” disk

222

DEC RX03 8” disk

223

DEC RX50 5.25” disk

230

Acorn 5.25” disk, single density, 40 tracks

231

Acorn 5.25” disk, single density, 80 tracks

232

Acorn 5.25” disk, double density, 40 tracks

233

Acorn 5.25” disk, double density, 80 tracks

234

Acorn 5.25” disk, double density, double sided, 80 tracks

235

Acorn 3.5” disk, double density

236

Acorn 3.5” disk, high density

240

Atari 5.25” disk, single density, single side

241

Atari 5.25” disk, extended density, single side

242

Atari 5.25” disk, double density, single side

243

Atari 3.5” disk, 10 sectors, single side

244

Atari 3.5” disk, 10 sectors

245

Atari 3.5” disk, 11 sectors, single side

246

Atari 3.5” disk, 11 sectors

250

Commodore 1581 3.5” floppy

251

Amiga 3.5” floppy

252

Amiga 3.5” floppy, high density

253

Commodore 1540 5.25” floppy

254

Commodore 1540 5.25” floppy, 40 tracks

255

Commodore 1571 5.25” floppy

260

NEC 8” floppy, single density

261

NEC 8” floppy, double density

262

NEC 5.25” floppy, single density, single side

263

NEC 5.25” floppy, single density, double side

264

NEC 5.25” floppy, high density

265

NEC 3.5” floppy, high density, 77 tracks

266

NEC 3.5” floppy, high density, 80 tracks

267

NEC 3.5” floppy, triple density

268

Sharp 5.25” floppy, high density

269

Sharp 3.5” floppy, high density

270

ECMA-99 5.25” floppy, 8 sectors

271

ECMA-99 5.25” floppy, 15 sectors

272

ECMA-99 5.25” floppy, 26 sectors

273

ECMA-54 8” floppy

274

ECMA-59 8” floppy

275

ECMA-66 5.25” floppy

276

ECMA-69 8” floppy, 8 sectors

277

ECMA-69 8” floppy, 15 sectors

278

ECMA-69 8” floppy, 26 sectors

279

ECMA-70 5,25” floppy

280

ECMA-78 5,25” floppy

281

ECMA-78 5,25” floppy, 9 sectors

290

FDFORMAT 5.25” floppy, double density, 82 tracks, 10 sectors

291

FDFORMAT 5.25” floppy, high density, 82 tracks, 17 sectors

292

FDFORMAT 3.5” floppy, double density, 82 tracks, 10 sectors

293

FDFORMAT 3.5” floppy, high density, 82 tracks, 21 sectors

309

Apricot 3.5” floppy

310

OnStream ADR2120

311

OnStream ADR260

312

OnStream ADR30

313

OnStream ADR50

320

AIT

321

AIT Turbo

322

AIT 2

323

AIT 2 Turbo

324

AIT 3

325

AIT 3 Ex

326

AIT 3 Turbo

327

AIT 4

328

AIT 5

329

AIT E Turbo

330

Super AIT

331

Super AIT 2

340

Iomega Bernoulli

341

Iomega Bernoulli 2

342

Iomega Ditto

343

Iomega Ditto MAX

344

Iomega JAZ

345

Iomega JAZ 2Gb

346

Iomega Clik! / PocketZip

347

Iomega REV 120Gb

348

Iomega REV 70Gb

349

Iomega REV 35Gb

350

Iomega ZIP

351

Iomega ZIP 250Mb

352

Iomega ZIP 750Mb

360

Philips Compact Cassette

361

Data8

362

MiniDV

363

D/CAS-25: Digital data on Compact Cassette form factor, special magnetic media, 9-track

364

D/CAS-85: Digital data on Compact Cassette form factor, special magnetic media, 17-track

365

D/CAS-103: Digital data on Compact Cassette form factor, special magnetic media, 21-track

370

CFast

371

CompactFlash

372

CompactFlash Type 2

380

Digital Audio Tape

381

DAT160

382

DAT320

383

DAT72

384

DDS

385

DDS-2

386

DDS-3

387

DDS-4

390

DEC CompacTape

391

DEC CompacTape II

392

DECtape II

393

DLTtape III

394

DLTtape IIIxt

395

DLTtape IV

396

DLTtape S4

397

Super DLT

398

Super DLT 2

399

VStape I

400

Exatape (15m)

401

Exatape (22m)

402

Exatape AME (22m)

403

Exatape (28m)

404

Exatape (40m)

405

Exatape (45m)

406

Exatape (54m)

407

Exatape (75m)

408

Exatape (76m)

409

Exatape (80m)

410

Exatape (106m)

411

Exatape XL (160m)

412

Exatape (112m)

413

Exatape (125m)

414

Exatape (150m)

415

Exatape (170m)

416

Exatape (225m)

420

ExpressCard (34mm)

421

ExpressCard (54mm)

422

PC-Card Type I

423

PC-Card Type II

424

PC-Card Type III

425

PC-Card Type IV

430

SyQuest EZ135

431

SyQuest EZ230

432

SyQuest Quest

433

SyQuest SparQ

434

SyQuest SQ100

435

SyQuest SQ200

436

SyQuest SQ300

437

SyQuest SQ310

438

SyQuest SQ327

439

SyQuest SQ400

440

SyQuest SQ800

441

SyQuest SQ1500

442

SyQuest SQ2000

443

SyQuest SyJet

450

Nintendo Famicom Game Pak

451

Nintendo Game Boy Advance Game Pak

452

Nintendo Game Boy Game Pak

453

Nintendo Gamecube Optical Disc

454

Nintendo 64 Dynamic Disk

455

Nintendo 64 Game Pak

456

Nintendo Entertainment System Game Pak

457

Nintendo 3DS Game Card

458

Nintendo Disk Card

459

Nintendo DS Game Card

460

Nintendo DSi Game Card

461

Super Nintendo Entertainment System Game Pak

462

Super Nintendo Entertainment System Game Pak (USA)

463

Nintendo Wii Optical Disc

464

Nintendo Wii U Optical Disc

465

Nintendo Switch Game Card

470

IBM3470

471

IBM3480

472

IBM3490

473

IBM3490E

474

IBM3592

480

LTO

481

LTO-2

482

LTO-3

483

LTO-3 WORM

484

LTO-4

485

LTO-4 WORM

486

LTO-5

487

LTO-5 WORM

488

LTO-6

489

LTO-6 WORM

490

LTO-7

491

LTO-7 WORM

510

MemoryStick

511

MemoryStick Duo

512

MemoryStick Micro (M2)

513

MemoryStick Pro

514

MemoryStick Pro Duo

520

microSD

521

miniSD

522

Secure Digital

530

MultiMediaCard

531

MMCmicro

532

RS-MMC

533

MMCplus

534

MMCmobile

540

MLR

541

MLR SL

542

MLR-3

543

SLR

544

SLR-2

545

SLR-3

546

SLR-32

547

SLR-32 SL

548

SLR-4

549

SLR-5

550

SLR-5 SL

551

SLR-6

552

SLRtape7

553

SLRtape7 SL

554

SLRtape24

555

SLRtape24 SL

556

SLRtape40

557

SLRtape50

558

SLRtape60

559

SLRtape75

560

SLRtape100

561

SLRtape140

570

QIC-11

571

QIC-120

572

QIC-1350

573

QIC-150

574

QIC-24

575

QIC-3010

576

QIC-3020

577

QIC-3080

578

QIC-3095

579

QIC-320

580

QIC-40

581

QIC-525

582

QIC-80

590

STK4480

591

STK4490

592

STK9490

593

T9840A

594

T9840B

595

T9840C

596

T9840D

597

T9940A

598

T9940B

599

T10000A

600

T10000B

601

T10000C

602

T10000D

610

Travan

611

Travan Ex

612

Travan 3

613

Travan 3 Ex

614

Travan 4

615

Travan 5

616

Travan 7

620

VXA

621

VXA-2

622

VXA-3

630

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-153, ISO 11560, 1024 bytes per sector

631

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-153, ISO 11560, 512 bytes per sector

632

3.5” magneto-optical, ECMA-154, ISO 10090, 512 bytes per sector

633

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-183, ISO 13481, 512 bytes per sector

634

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-183, ISO 13481, 1024 bytes per sector

635

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-184, ISO 13549, 512 bytes per sector

636

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-184, ISO 13549, 1024 bytes per sector

637

300mm magneto-optical, ECMA-189, ISO 13614

638

300mm magneto-optical, ECMA-190, ISO 13403

639

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-195, ISO 13842, 1024 bytes per sector

640

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-195, ISO 13842, 512 bytes per sector

641

3.5” magneto-optical, ECMA-201, ISO 13963

642

3.5” magneto-optical, ECMA-201, ISO 13963, embossed

643

3.5” magneto-optical, ECMA-223, 1024 bytes per sector

644

3.5” magneto-optical, ECMA-223, 512 bytes per sector

645

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-238, ISO 15486

646

3.5” magneto-optical, ECMA-239, ISO 15498

647

356mm magneto-optical, ECMA-260, ISO 15898

648

356mm magneto-optical, ECMA-260, ISO 15898, double size

649

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-280, ISO 18093

650

300mm magneto-optical, ECMA-317, ISO 20162

651

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-322, ISO 22092, 4096 bytes per sector

652

5.25” magneto-optical, ECMA-322, ISO 22092, 2048 bytes per sector

653

3.5” magneto-optical, Cherry Book, GigaMO, ECMA-351, ISO 17346

654

3.5” magneto-optical, Cherry Book 2, GigaMO 2, ECMA-353, ISO 22533

660

3” CompactFloppy

661

IBM 4” DemiDiskette floppy

662

Insite 3.5” Floptical, ECMA-207, ISO 14169

663

Sony 3.5” HiFD floppy

664

Mitsumi 3” Quick Disk

665

Caleb 3.5” UHD144 floppy

666

Canon VideoFloppy

667

Wafer

668

ZX Microdrive

670

BeeCard

671

Borsu

672

DataStore

673

DIR

674

DST

675

DTF

676

DTF 2

677

Flextra 3020

678

Flextra 3225

679

HiTC

680

HiTC 2

681

LT-1

682

MiniCard

683

Orb

684

Orb 2

685

SmartMedia

686

xD memory card

687

XQD

688

DataPlay

690

Apple Profile

691

Apple Widget

692

Apple HD20 (not SCSI)

693

Priam Data Tower

694

Apple Pippin disc

700

DEC RA60

701

DEC RA80

702

DEC RA81

703

DEC RC25

704

DEC RD31

705

DEC RD32

706

DEC RD51

707

DEC RD52

708

DEC RD53

709

DEC RD54

710

DEC RK06

711

DEC RK06 (18 bits per word)

712

DEC RK07

713

DEC RK07 (18 bits per word)

714

DEC RM02

715

DEC RM03

716

DEC RM05

717

DEC RP02

718

DEC RP02 (18 bits per word)

719

DEC RP03

720

DEC RP03 (18 bits per word)

721

DEC RP04

722

DEC RP04 (18 bits per word)

723

DEC RP05

724

DEC RP05 (18 bits per word)

725

DEC RP06

726

DEC RP06 (18 bits per word)

730

Imation LS-120 3.5” floppy

731

Imation LS-240 3.5” floppy

732

Sony 3.5” floppy formatted in Imation LS-240 drive

733

RDX

734

RDX 320Gb

740

Hasbro/Tiger VideoNow

741

Hasbro/Tiger VideoNow Color

742

Hasbro/Tiger VideoNow XP

Dump status flags

This enumeration lists the photo sharpness defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0x00

The dump status is unknown.

0x01

The dump has been stripped of the copy protection (cracked).

0x02

The dump has been manually fixed.

0x04

The dump has been intentionally modified (hacked).

0x08

The dump has been unintentionally modified (e.g. marked by Windows 95).

0x10

The dump is piracy, in a way non described by other flags.

0x20

The dump has been modified to add a trainer or cheat systems, or to modify the difficulty altogether.

0x40

The dump has been unofficially translated to another language.

0x80

The dump contains more data than the media indicates it should.

0x100

The dump contains less data than the media indicates it should.

0x200

The dump contains known malware (it is infected).

0x400

The media used to create the dump contains read errors of any kind (does not include Compact Disc subchannel errors).

0x800

Different dumpers have achieved the exact same dump using different media (verified).

0x1000

The dump is missing side data and it is not known if this data is essential for the media (e.g. a Compact Disc dump with no subchannel, Apple double density floppies with no sector tags).

0x2000

The dump is missing side data and it is known this data is not essential for the media (e.g. a Compact Disc dump with no subchannel that is known to only have standard, replicable, values in it.)

0x4000

The dump is missing side data and it is known this data is essential for the media (e.g. a libcrypt protected PlayStation dump with no subchannel data dumped, an Apple Lisa disk missing the sector tags).

0x8000

The dump belongs to a CompactDisc and the subchannel contains non-intentional (that is, not part of a copy protection, etc), non-recovered damage.

Subchannel flags

This enumeration lists the subchannels dump status.

Value

Description

0x00

No subchannel has been dumped

0x01

P subchannel is present in the dump.

0x02

Q subchannel is present in the dump.

0x04

R subchannel is present in the dump.

0x08

S subchannel is present in the dump.

0x10

T subchannel is present in the dump.

0x20

U subchannel is present in the dump.

0x40

V subchannel is present in the dump.

0x80

W subchannel is present in the dump.

File attributes

This enumeration lists the possible attributes a file can have. It is maintained in sync with Aaru file attributes enumeration.

Value

Description

0x0000000000000

File has no attributes.

0x0000000000001

File is an alias (Mac OS).

0x0000000000002

Indicates that the file can only be writable appended.

0x0000000000004

File is candidate for archival/backup.

0x0000000000008

File is a block device.

0x0000000000010

File is stored on filesystem block units instead of device sectors.

0x0000000000020

Directory is a bundle for file contains a BNDL resource.

0x0000000000040

File is a character device.

0x0000000000080

File is compressed.

0x0000000000100

File is compressed and should not be uncompressed on read.

0x0000000000200

File has compression errors.

0x0000000000400

Compressed file is dirty.

0x0000000000800

File is a device.

0x0000000001000

File is a directory.

0x0000000002000

File is encrypted.

0x0000000004000

File is stored on disk using extents.

0x0000000008000

File is a FIFO.

0x0000000010000

File is a normal file.

0x0000000020000

File is a Mac OS file containing desktop databases that have already been added to the desktop database.

0x0000000040000

File contains an icon resource or extended attribute.

0x0000000080000

File is a Mac OS extension or control panel lacking INIT resources.

0x0000000100000

File is hidden/invisible.

0x0000000200000

File cannot be written, deleted, modified or linked to.

0x0000000400000

Directory is indexed using hashed trees.

0x0000000800000

File contents are stored alongside its inode (or equivalent).

0x0000001000000

File contains integrity checks.

0x0000002000000

File is on desktop.

0x0000004000000

File changes are written to filesystem journal before being written to the file itself.

0x0000008000000

Access time will not be modified.

0x0000010000000

File will not be subjet to copy-on-write.

0x0000020000000

File will not be backed up.

0x0000040000000

File contents should not be scrubbed.

0x0000080000000

File contents should not be indexed.

0x0000100000000

File is offline.

0x0000200000000

File is password protected, but contents are not encrypted on disk.

0x0000400000000

File is read-only.

0x0000800000000

File is a reparse point.

0x0001000000000

When file is removed its content will be overwritten with zeroes.

0x0002000000000

File contents are sparse.

0x0004000000000

File is a shadow (OS/2).

0x0008000000000

File is shared.

0x0010000000000

File is a stationery.

0x0020000000000

File is a symbolic link.

0x0040000000000

File writes are synchronously written to disk.

0x0080000000000

File belongs to the operating system.

0x0100000000000

If file end is a partial block its content will be merged with other files.

0x0200000000000

File is temporary.

0x0400000000000

Subdirectories inside of this directory are not related and should be allocated elsewhere

0x0800000000000

If file is deleted, contents should be stored, for a possible future undeletion.

0x1000000000000

File is a pipe.

0x2000000000000

File is a socket.

Media tag type

This enumeration lists the photo sharpness defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Normal.

1

Low.

2

High.

Distribution mode

This enumeration lists the photo sharpness defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Normal.

1

Low.

2

High.

SoundSynthType

This enumeration lists the photo sharpness defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Normal.

1

Low.

2

High.

TrackType

This enumeration lists the photo sharpness defined by EXIF.

Value

Description

0

Normal.

1

Low.

2

High.

Examples

The purpose of this section is to give real life examples of the artifacts described in the previous sections.