commit 31a5639623a487d6db996c8138c9e53fef2e2d91 upstream.
After commit 355cfa73 ("mm: modify swap_map and add SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag"),
read_swap_cache_async() will busy-wait while a entry doesn't exist in swap
cache but it has SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.
Such entries can exist on add/delete path of swap cache. On add path,
add_to_swap_cache() is called soon after SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag is set, and
on delete path, swapcache_free() will be called (SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag is
cleared) soon after __delete_from_swap_cache() is called. So, the
busy-wait works well in most cases.
But this mechanism can cause soft lockup if add_to_swap_cache() sleeps and
read_swap_cache_async() tries to swap-in the same entry on the same cpu.
This patch calls radix_tree_preload() before swapcache_prepare() and
divides add_to_swap_cache() into two part: radix_tree_preload() part and
radix_tree_insert() part(define it as __add_to_swap_cache()).
Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
commit 645d83c5db970a1c57225e155113b4aa2451e920 upstream.
Fix MAP_PRIVATE mmap() of files and devices where the data in the backing store
might be mapped directly. Use the BDI_CAP_MAP_DIRECT capability flag to govern
whether or not we should be trying to map a file directly. This can be used to
determine whether or not a region has been filled in at the point where we call
do_mmap_shared() or do_mmap_private().
The BDI_CAP_MAP_DIRECT capability flag is cleared by validate_mmap_request() if
there's any reason we can't use it. It's also cleared in do_mmap_pgoff() if
f_op->get_unmapped_area() fails.
Without this fix, attempting to run a program from a RomFS image on a
non-mappable MTD partition results in a BUG as the kernel attempts XIP, and
this can be caught in gdb:
Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
0xc005dce8 in add_nommu_region (region=<value optimized out>) at mm/nommu.c:547
(gdb) bt
#0 0xc005dce8 in add_nommu_region (region=<value optimized out>) at mm/nommu.c:547
#1 0xc005f168 in do_mmap_pgoff (file=0xc31a6620, addr=<value optimized out>, len=3808, prot=3, flags=6146, pgoff=0) at mm/nommu.c:1373
#2 0xc00a96b8 in elf_fdpic_map_file (params=0xc33fbbec, file=0xc31a6620, mm=0xc31bef60, what=0xc0213144 "executable") at mm.h:1145
#3 0xc00aa8b4 in load_elf_fdpic_binary (bprm=0xc316cb00, regs=<value optimized out>) at fs/binfmt_elf_fdpic.c:343
#4 0xc006b588 in search_binary_handler (bprm=0x6, regs=0xc33fbce0) at fs/exec.c:1234
#5 0xc006c648 in do_execve (filename=<value optimized out>, argv=0xc3ad14cc, envp=0xc3ad1460, regs=0xc33fbce0) at fs/exec.c:1356
#6 0xc0008cf0 in sys_execve (name=<value optimized out>, argv=0xc3ad14cc, envp=0xc3ad1460) at arch/frv/kernel/process.c:263
#7 0xc00075dc in __syscall_call () at arch/frv/kernel/entry.S:897
Note that this fix does the following commit differently:
commit a190887b58
Author: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Date: Sat Sep 5 11:17:07 2009 -0700
nommu: fix error handling in do_mmap_pgoff()
Reported-by: Graff Yang <graff.yang@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
commit 252c5f94d944487e9f50ece7942b0fbf659c5c31 upstream.
We noticed very erratic behavior [throughput] with the AIM7 shared
workload running on recent distro [SLES11] and mainline kernels on an
8-socket, 32-core, 256GB x86_64 platform. On the SLES11 kernel
[2.6.27.19+] with Barcelona processors, as we increased the load [10s of
thousands of tasks], the throughput would vary between two "plateaus"--one
at ~65K jobs per minute and one at ~130K jpm. The simple patch below
causes the results to smooth out at the ~130k plateau.
But wait, there's more:
We do not see this behavior on smaller platforms--e.g., 4 socket/8 core.
This could be the result of the larger number of cpus on the larger
platform--a scalability issue--or it could be the result of the larger
number of interconnect "hops" between some nodes in this platform and how
the tasks for a given load end up distributed over the nodes' cpus and
memories--a stochastic NUMA effect.
The variability in the results are less pronounced [on the same platform]
with Shanghai processors and with mainline kernels. With 31-rc6 on
Shanghai processors and 288 file systems on 288 fibre attached storage
volumes, the curves [jpm vs load] are both quite flat with the patched
kernel consistently producing ~3.9% better throughput [~80K jpm vs ~77K
jpm] than the unpatched kernel.
Profiling indicated that the "slow" runs were incurring high[er]
contention on an anon_vma lock in vma_adjust(), apparently called from the
sbrk() system call.
The patch:
A comment in mm/mmap.c:vma_adjust() suggests that we don't really need the
anon_vma lock when we're only adjusting the end of a vma, as is the case
for brk(). The comment questions whether it's worth while to optimize for
this case. Apparently, on the newer, larger x86_64 platforms, with
interesting NUMA topologies, it is worth while--especially considering
that the patch [if correct!] is quite simple.
We can detect this condition--no overlap with next vma--by noting a NULL
"importer". The anon_vma pointer will also be NULL in this case, so
simply avoid loading vma->anon_vma to avoid the lock.
However, we DO need to take the anon_vma lock when we're inserting a vma
['insert' non-NULL] even when we have no overlap [NULL "importer"], so we
need to check for 'insert', as well. And Hugh points out that we should
also take it when adjusting vm_start (so that rmap.c can rely upon
vma_address() while it holds the anon_vma lock).
akpm: Zhang Yanmin reprts a 150% throughput improvement with aim7, so it
might be -stable material even though thiss isn't a regression: "this
issue is not clear on dual socket Nehalem machine (2*4*2 cpu), but is
severe on large machine (4*8*2 cpu)"
[hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk: test vma start too]
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Eric Whitney <eric.whitney@hp.com>
Tested-by: "Zhang, Yanmin" <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
commit 1ac0cb5d0e22d5e483f56b2bc12172dec1cf7536 upstream.
do_anonymous_page() has been wrong to dirty the pte regardless.
If it's not going to mark the pte writable, then it won't help
to mark it dirty here, and clogs up memory with pages which will
need swap instead of being thrown away. Especially wrong if no
overcommit is chosen, and this vma is not yet VM_ACCOUNTed -
we could exceed the limit and OOM despite no overcommit.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
commit 408e82b78bcc9f1b47c76e833c3df97f675947de upstream.
Hiroaki Wakabayashi points out that when mlock() has been interrupted
by SIGKILL, the subsequent munlock() takes unnecessarily long because
its use of __get_user_pages() insists on faulting in all the pages
which mlock() never reached.
It's worse than slowness if mlock() is terminated by Out Of Memory kill:
the munlock_vma_pages_all() in exit_mmap() insists on faulting in all the
pages which mlock() could not find memory for; so innocent bystanders are
killed too, and perhaps the system hangs.
__get_user_pages() does a lot that's silly for munlock(): so remove the
munlock option from __mlock_vma_pages_range(), and use a simple loop of
follow_page()s in munlock_vma_pages_range() instead; ignoring absent
pages, and not marking present pages as accessed or dirty.
(Change munlock() to only go so far as mlock() reached? That does not
work out, given the convention that mlock() claims complete success even
when it has to give up early - in part so that an underlying file can be
extended later, and those pages locked which earlier would give SIGBUS.)
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Reviewed-by: Hiroaki Wakabayashi <primulaelatior@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
commit 78986a678f6ec3759a01976749f4437d8bf2d6c3 upstream.
After anti-fragmentation was merged, a bug was reported whereby devices
that depended on high-order atomic allocations were failing. The solution
was to preserve a property in the buddy allocator which tended to keep the
minimum number of free pages in the zone at the lower physical addresses
and contiguous. To preserve this property, MIGRATE_RESERVE was introduced
and a number of pageblocks at the start of a zone would be marked
"reserve", the number of which depended on min_free_kbytes.
Anti-fragmentation works by avoiding the mixing of page migratetypes
within the same pageblock. One way of helping this is to increase
min_free_kbytes because it becomes less like that it will be necessary to
place pages of of MIGRATE_RESERVE is unbounded, the free memory is kept
there in large contiguous blocks instead of helping anti-fragmentation as
much as it should. With the page-allocator tracepoint patches applied, it
was found during anti-fragmentation tests that the number of
fragmentation-related events were far higher than expected even with
min_free_kbytes at higher values.
This patch limits the number of MIGRATE_RESERVE blocks that exist per zone
to two. For example, with a sufficient min_free_kbytes, 4MB of memory
will be kept aside on an x86-64 and remain more or less free and
contiguous for the systems uptime. This should be sufficient for devices
depending on high-order atomic allocations while helping fragmentation
control when min_free_kbytes is tuned appropriately. As side-effect of
this patch is that the reserve variable is converted to int as unsigned
long was the wrong type to use when ensuring that only the required number
of reserve blocks are created.
With the patches applied, fragmentation-related events as measured by the
page allocator tracepoints were significantly reduced when running some
fragmentation stress-tests on systems with min_free_kbytes tuned to a
value appropriate for hugepage allocations at runtime. On x86, the events
recorded were reduced by 99.8%, on x86-64 by 99.72% and on ppc64 by
99.83%.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Not upstream as it is fixed differently in .32
I noticed that alloc_bootmem_huge_page() will only advance to the next
node on failure to allocate a huge page. I asked about this on linux-mm
and linux-numa, cc'ing the usual huge page suspects. Mel Gorman
responded:
I strongly suspect that the same node being used until allocation
failure instead of round-robin is an oversight and not deliberate
at all. It appears to be a side-effect of a fix made way back in
commit 63b4613c3f ["hugetlb: fix
hugepage allocation with memoryless nodes"]. Prior to that patch
it looked like allocations would always round-robin even when
allocation was successful.
Andy Whitcroft countered that the existing behavior looked like Andi
Kleen's original implementation and suggested that we ask him. We did and
Andy replied that his intention was to interleave the allocations. So,
...
This patch moves the advance of the hstate next node from which to
allocate up before the test for success of the attempted allocation. This
will unconditionally advance the next node from which to alloc,
interleaving successful allocations over the nodes with sufficient
contiguous memory, and skipping over nodes that fail the huge page
allocation attempt.
Note that alloc_bootmem_huge_page() will only be called for huge pages of
order > MAX_ORDER.
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Cc: Eric Whitney <eric.whitney@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
On low-memory systems, anti-fragmentation gets disabled as fragmentation
cannot be avoided on a sufficiently large boundary to be worthwhile. Once
disabled, there is a period of time when all the pageblocks are marked
MOVABLE and the expectation is that they get marked UNMOVABLE at each call
to __rmqueue_fallback().
However, when MAX_ORDER is large the pageblocks do not change ownership
because the normal criteria are not met. This has the effect of
prematurely breaking up too many large contiguous blocks. This is most
serious on NOMMU systems which depend on high-order allocations to boot.
This patch causes pageblocks to change ownership on every fallback when
anti-fragmentation is disabled. This prevents the large blocks being
prematurely broken up.
This is a fix to commit 49255c619f [page
allocator: move check for disabled anti-fragmentation out of fastpath] and
the problem affects 2.6.31-rc8.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Tested-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Acked-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fix the error handling in do_mmap_pgoff(). If do_mmap_shared_file() or
do_mmap_private() fail, we jump to the error_put_region label at which
point we cann __put_nommu_region() on the region - but we haven't yet
added the region to the tree, and so __put_nommu_region() may BUG
because the region tree is empty or it may corrupt the region tree.
To get around this, we can afford to add the region to the region tree
before calling do_mmap_shared_file() or do_mmap_private() as we keep
nommu_region_sem write-locked, so no-one can race with us by seeing a
transient region.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
kmem_cache_destroy() should call rcu_barrier() *after* kmem_cache_close() and
*before* sysfs_slab_remove() or risk rcu_free_slab() being called after
kmem_cache is deleted (kfreed).
rmmod nf_conntrack can crash the machine because it has to kmem_cache_destroy()
a SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU enabled cache.
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Zdenek Kabelac <zdenek.kabelac@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
percpu incorrectly assumed that cpu0 was always there which led to the
following warning and eventual oops on sparc machines w/o cpu0.
WARNING: at mm/percpu.c:651 pcpu_map+0xdc/0x100()
Modules linked in:
Call Trace:
[000000000045eb70] warn_slowpath_common+0x50/0xa0
[000000000045ebdc] warn_slowpath_null+0x1c/0x40
[00000000004d493c] pcpu_map+0xdc/0x100
[00000000004d59a4] pcpu_alloc+0x3e4/0x4e0
[00000000004d5af8] __alloc_percpu+0x18/0x40
[00000000005b112c] __percpu_counter_init+0x4c/0xc0
...
Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference
...
I7: <sysfs_new_dirent+0x30/0x120>
Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint
Caller[000000000053c1b0]: sysfs_new_dirent+0x30/0x120
Caller[000000000053c7a4]: create_dir+0x24/0xc0
Caller[000000000053c870]: sysfs_create_dir+0x30/0x80
Caller[00000000005990e8]: kobject_add_internal+0xc8/0x200
...
Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill the idle task!
This patch fixes the problem by backporting parts from devel branch to
make percpu core not depend on the existence of cpu0.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Meelis Roos <mroos@linux.ee>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
An mlocked page might lose the isolatation race. This causes the page to
clear PG_mlocked while it remains in a VM_LOCKED vma. This means it can
be put onto the [in]active list. We can rescue it by using try_to_unmap()
in shrink_page_list().
But now, As Wu Fengguang pointed out, vmscan has a bug. If the page has
PG_referenced, it can't reach try_to_unmap() in shrink_page_list() but is
put into the active list. If the page is referenced repeatedly, it can
remain on the [in]active list without being moving to the unevictable
list.
This patch fixes it.
Reported-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <<kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu:
percpu: use the right flag for get_vm_area()
percpu, sparc64: fix sparse possible cpu map handling
init: set nr_cpu_ids before setup_per_cpu_areas()
If node_load[] is cleared everytime build_zonelists() is
called,node_load[] will have no help to find the next node that should
appear in the given node's fallback list.
Because of the bug, zonelist's node_order is not calculated as expected.
This bug affects on big machine, which has asynmetric node distance.
[synmetric NUMA's node distance]
0 1 2
0 10 12 12
1 12 10 12
2 12 12 10
[asynmetric NUMA's node distance]
0 1 2
0 10 12 20
1 12 10 14
2 20 14 10
This (my bug) is very old but no one has reported this for a long time.
Maybe because the number of asynmetric NUMA is very small and they use
cpuset for customizing node memory allocation fallback.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_NUMA=n build]
Signed-off-by: Bo Liu <bo-liu@hotmail.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The commit 2ff05b2b (oom: move oom_adj value) moveed the oom_adj value to
the mm_struct. It was a very good first step for sanitize OOM.
However Paul Menage reported the commit makes regression to his job
scheduler. Current OOM logic can kill OOM_DISABLED process.
Why? His program has the code of similar to the following.
...
set_oom_adj(OOM_DISABLE); /* The job scheduler never killed by oom */
...
if (vfork() == 0) {
set_oom_adj(0); /* Invoked child can be killed */
execve("foo-bar-cmd");
}
....
vfork() parent and child are shared the same mm_struct. then above
set_oom_adj(0) doesn't only change oom_adj for vfork() child, it's also
change oom_adj for vfork() parent. Then, vfork() parent (job scheduler)
lost OOM immune and it was killed.
Actually, fork-setting-exec idiom is very frequently used in userland program.
We must not break this assumption.
Then, this patch revert commit 2ff05b2b and related commit.
Reverted commit list
---------------------
- commit 2ff05b2b4e (oom: move oom_adj value from task_struct to mm_struct)
- commit 4d8b9135c3 (oom: avoid unnecessary mm locking and scanning for OOM_DISABLE)
- commit 8123681022 (oom: only oom kill exiting tasks with attached memory)
- commit 933b787b57 (mm: copy over oom_adj value at fork time)
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently SELinux enforcement of controls on the ability to map low memory
is determined by the mmap_min_addr tunable. This patch causes SELinux to
ignore the tunable and instead use a seperate Kconfig option specific to how
much space the LSM should protect.
The tunable will now only control the need for CAP_SYS_RAWIO and SELinux
permissions will always protect the amount of low memory designated by
CONFIG_LSM_MMAP_MIN_ADDR.
This allows users who need to disable the mmap_min_addr controls (usual reason
being they run WINE as a non-root user) to do so and still have SELinux
controls preventing confined domains (like a web server) from being able to
map some area of low memory.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
get_vm_area() only accepts VM_* flags, not GFP_*.
And according to the doc of get_vm_area(), here should be
VM_ALLOC.
Signed-off-by: WANG Cong <amwang@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
percpu code has been assuming num_possible_cpus() == nr_cpu_ids which
is incorrect if cpu_possible_map contains holes. This causes percpu
code to access beyond allocated memories and vmalloc areas. On a
sparc64 machine with cpus 0 and 2 (u60), this triggers the following
warning or fails boot.
WARNING: at /devel/tj/os/work/mm/vmalloc.c:106 vmap_page_range_noflush+0x1f0/0x240()
Modules linked in:
Call Trace:
[00000000004b17d0] vmap_page_range_noflush+0x1f0/0x240
[00000000004b1840] map_vm_area+0x20/0x60
[00000000004b1950] __vmalloc_area_node+0xd0/0x160
[0000000000593434] deflate_init+0x14/0xe0
[0000000000583b94] __crypto_alloc_tfm+0xd4/0x1e0
[00000000005844f0] crypto_alloc_base+0x50/0xa0
[000000000058b898] alg_test_comp+0x18/0x80
[000000000058dad4] alg_test+0x54/0x180
[000000000058af00] cryptomgr_test+0x40/0x60
[0000000000473098] kthread+0x58/0x80
[000000000042b590] kernel_thread+0x30/0x60
[0000000000472fd0] kthreadd+0xf0/0x160
---[ end trace 429b268a213317ba ]---
This patch fixes generic percpu functions and sparc64
setup_per_cpu_areas() so that they handle sparse cpu_possible_map
properly.
Please note that on x86, cpu_possible_map() doesn't contain holes and
thus num_possible_cpus() == nr_cpu_ids and this patch doesn't cause
any behavior difference.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
clean up type-casting twice. "size_t" is typedef as "unsigned long" in
64-bit system, and "unsigned int" in 32-bit system, and the intermediate
cast to 'long' is pointless.
Signed-off-by: Figo.zhang <figo1802@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
At first, init_task's mems_allowed is initialized as this.
init_task->mems_allowed == node_state[N_POSSIBLE]
And cpuset's top_cpuset mask is initialized as this
top_cpuset->mems_allowed = node_state[N_HIGH_MEMORY]
Before 2.6.29:
policy's mems_allowed is initialized as this.
1. update tasks->mems_allowed by its cpuset->mems_allowed.
2. policy->mems_allowed = nodes_and(tasks->mems_allowed, user's mask)
Updating task's mems_allowed in reference to top_cpuset's one.
cpuset's mems_allowed is aware of N_HIGH_MEMORY, always.
In 2.6.30: After commit 58568d2a82
("cpuset,mm: update tasks' mems_allowed in time"), policy's mems_allowed
is initialized as this.
1. policy->mems_allowd = nodes_and(task->mems_allowed, user's mask)
Here, if task is in top_cpuset, task->mems_allowed is not updated from
init's one. Assume user excutes command as #numactrl --interleave=all
,....
policy->mems_allowd = nodes_and(N_POSSIBLE, ALL_SET_MASK)
Then, policy's mems_allowd can includes a possible node, which has no pgdat.
MPOL's INTERLEAVE just scans nodemask of task->mems_allowd and access this
directly.
NODE_DATA(nid)->zonelist even if NODE_DATA(nid)==NULL
Then, what's we need is making policy->mems_allowed be aware of
N_HIGH_MEMORY. This patch does that. But to do so, extra nodemask will
be on statck. Because I know cpumask has a new interface of
CPUMASK_ALLOC(), I added it to node.
This patch stands on old behavior. But I feel this fix itself is just a
Band-Aid. But to do fundametal fix, we have to take care of memory
hotplug and it takes time. (task->mems_allowd should be N_HIGH_MEMORY, I
think.)
mpol_set_nodemask() should be aware of N_HIGH_MEMORY and policy's nodemask
should be includes only online nodes.
In old behavior, this is guaranteed by frequent reference to cpuset's
code. Now, most of them are removed and mempolicy has to check it by
itself.
To do check, a few nodemask_t will be used for calculating nodemask. But,
size of nodemask_t can be big and it's not good to allocate them on stack.
Now, cpumask_t has CPUMASK_ALLOC/FREE an easy code for get scratch area.
NODEMASK_ALLOC/FREE shoudl be there.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: cleanups & tweaks]
Tested-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The page allocator warns once when an order >= MAX_ORDER is specified.
This is to catch callers of the allocator that are always falling back to
their worst-case when it was not expected. However, there are cases where
the caller is behaving correctly but cannot suppress the warning. This
patch allows the warning to be suppressed by the callers by specifying
__GFP_NOWARN.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After commit ec64f51545 ("cgroup: fix
frequent -EBUSY at rmdir"), cgroup's rmdir (especially against memcg)
doesn't return -EBUSY by temporary ref counts. That commit expects all
refs after pre_destroy() is temporary but...it wasn't. Then, rmdir can
wait permanently. This patch tries to fix that and change followings.
- set CGRP_WAIT_ON_RMDIR flag before pre_destroy().
- clear CGRP_WAIT_ON_RMDIR flag when the subsys finds racy case.
if there are sleeping ones, wakes them up.
- rmdir() sleeps only when CGRP_WAIT_ON_RMDIR flag is set.
Tested-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Reported-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Reviewed-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Acked-by: Balbir Sigh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As reported in Red Hat bz #509671, i_blocks for files on hugetlbfs get
accounting wrong when doing something like:
$ > foo
$ date > foo
date: write error: Invalid argument
$ /usr/bin/stat foo
File: `foo'
Size: 0 Blocks: 18446744073709547520 IO Block: 2097152 regular
...
This is because hugetlb_unreserve_pages() is unconditionally removing
blocks_per_huge_page(h) on each call rather than using the freed amount.
If there were 0 blocks, it goes negative, resulting in the above.
This is a regression from commit a551643895
("hugetlb: modular state for hugetlb page size")
which did:
- inode->i_blocks -= BLOCKS_PER_HUGEPAGE * freed;
+ inode->i_blocks -= blocks_per_huge_page(h);
so just put back the freed multiplier, and it's all happy again.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If a task is oom killed and still cannot find memory when trying with
no watermarks, it's better to fail the allocation attempt than to loop
endlessly. Direct reclaim has already failed and the oom killer will
be a no-op since current has yet to die, so there is no other
alternative for allocations that are not __GFP_NOFAIL.
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fix a post-2.6.24 performace regression caused by
3dfa5721f1 ("page-allocator: preserve PFN
ordering when __GFP_COLD is set").
Narayanan reports "The regression is around 15%. There is no disk controller
as our setup is based on Samsung OneNAND used as a memory mapped device on a
OMAP2430 based board."
The page allocator tries to preserve contiguous PFN ordering when returning
pages such that repeated callers to the allocator have a strong chance of
getting physically contiguous pages, particularly when external fragmentation
is low. However, of the bulk of the allocations have __GFP_COLD set as they
are due to aio_read() for example, then the PFNs are in reverse PFN order.
This can cause performance degration when used with IO controllers that could
have merged the requests.
This patch attempts to preserve the contiguous ordering of PFNs for users of
__GFP_COLD.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Reported-by: Narayananu Gopalakrishnan <narayanan.g@samsung.com>
Tested-by: Narayanan Gopalakrishnan <narayanan.g@samsung.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Objects passed to kmemleak_seq_next() have an incremented reference
count (hence not freed) but they may point via object_list.next to
other freed objects. To avoid this, the whole start/next/stop sequence
must be protected by rcu_read_lock().
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Create bdgrab(). This function copies an existing reference to a
block_device. It is safe to call from any context.
Hibernation code wishes to copy a reference to the active swap device.
Right now it calls bdget() under a spinlock, but this is wrong because
bdget() can sleep. It doesn't need a full bdget() because we already
hold a reference to active swap devices (and the spinlock protects
against swapoff).
Fixes http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=13827
Signed-off-by: Alan Jenkins <alan-jenkins@tuffmail.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
mm: Pass virtual address to [__]p{te,ud,md}_free_tlb()
Upcoming paches to support the new 64-bit "BookE" powerpc architecture
will need to have the virtual address corresponding to PTE page when
freeing it, due to the way the HW table walker works.
Basically, the TLB can be loaded with "large" pages that cover the whole
virtual space (well, sort-of, half of it actually) represented by a PTE
page, and which contain an "indirect" bit indicating that this TLB entry
RPN points to an array of PTEs from which the TLB can then create direct
entries. Thus, in order to invalidate those when PTE pages are deleted,
we need the virtual address to pass to tlbilx or tlbivax instructions.
The old trick of sticking it somewhere in the PTE page struct page sucks
too much, the address is almost readily available in all call sites and
almost everybody implemets these as macros, so we may as well add the
argument everywhere. I added it to the pmd and pud variants for consistency.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> [MN10300 & FRV]
Acked-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Acked-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> [s390]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'kmemleak' of git://linux-arm.org/linux-2.6:
kmemleak: Remove alloc_bootmem annotations introduced in the past
kmemleak: Add callbacks to the bootmem allocator
kmemleak: Allow partial freeing of memory blocks
kmemleak: Trace the kmalloc_large* functions in slub
kmemleak: Scan objects allocated during a scanning episode
kmemleak: Do not acquire scan_mutex in kmemleak_open()
kmemleak: Remove the reported leaks number limitation
kmemleak: Add more cond_resched() calls in the scanning thread
kmemleak: Renice the scanning thread to +10
Commit 1faa16d228 accidentally broke
the bdi congestion wait queue logic, causing us to wait on congestion
for WRITE (== 1) when we really wanted BLK_RW_ASYNC (== 0) instead.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
kmemleak_alloc() calls were added in some places where alloc_bootmem was
called. Since now kmemleak tracks bootmem allocations, these explicit
calls should be run.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
This patch adds kmemleak_alloc/free callbacks to the bootmem allocator.
This would allow scanning of such blocks and help avoiding a whole class
of false positives and more kmemleak annotations.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Functions like free_bootmem() are allowed to free only part of a memory
block. This patch adds support for this via the kmemleak_free_part()
callback which removes the original object and creates one or two
additional objects as a result of the memory block split.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
The kmalloc_large() and kmalloc_large_node() functions were missed when
adding the kmemleak hooks to the slub allocator. However, they should be
traced to avoid false positives.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Many of the false positives in kmemleak happen on busy systems where
objects are allocated during a kmemleak scanning episode. These objects
aren't scanned by default until the next memory scan. When such object
is added, for example, at the head of a list, it is possible that all
the other objects in the list become unreferenced until the next scan.
This patch adds checking for newly allocated objects at the end of the
scan and repeats the scanning on these objects. If Linux allocates
new objects at a higher rate than their scanning, it stops after a
predefined number of passes.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Initially, the scan_mutex was acquired in kmemleak_open() and released
in kmemleak_release() (corresponding to /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak
operations). This was causing some lockdep reports when the file was
closed from a different task than the one opening it. This patch moves
the scan_mutex acquiring in kmemleak_write() or kmemleak_seq_start()
with releasing in kmemleak_seq_stop().
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Since the leaks are no longer printed to the syslog, there is no point
in keeping this limitation. All the suspected leaks are shown on
/sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak file.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Following recent fix to no longer reschedule in the scan_block()
function, the system may become unresponsive with !PREEMPT. This patch
re-adds the cond_resched() call to scan_block() but conditioned by the
allow_resched parameter.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/slab-2.6:
SLAB: Fix lockdep annotations
fix RCU-callback-after-kmem_cache_destroy problem in sl[aou]b
These warnings were observed on MIPS32 using 2.6.31-rc1 and gcc-4.2.0:
mm/page_alloc.c: In function 'alloc_pages_exact':
mm/page_alloc.c:1986: warning: passing argument 1 of 'virt_to_phys' makes pointer from integer without a cast
drivers/usb/mon/mon_bin.c: In function 'mon_alloc_buff':
drivers/usb/mon/mon_bin.c:1264: warning: passing argument 1 of 'virt_to_phys' makes pointer from integer without a cast
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix kernel/perf_counter.c too]
Signed-off-by: Kevin Cernekee <cernekee@gmail.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In testing a backport of the write_begin/write_end AOPs, a 10% re-read
regression was noticed when running iozone. This regression was
introduced because the old AOPs would always do a mark_page_accessed(page)
after the commit_write, but when the new AOPs where introduced, the only
place this was kept was in pagecache_write_end().
This patch does the same thing in the generic case as what is done in
pagecache_write_end(), which is just to mark the page accessed before we
do write_end().
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lethal/sh-2.6:
sh: LCDC dcache flush for deferred io
sh: Fix compiler error and include the definition of IS_ERR_VALUE
sh: re-add LCDC fbdev support to the Migo-R defconfig
sh: fix se7724 ceu names
sh: ms7724se: Enable sh_eth in defconfig.
arch/sh/boards/mach-se/7206/io.c: Remove unnecessary semicolons
sh: ms7724se: Add sh_eth support
nommu: provide follow_pfn().
sh: Kill off unused DEBUG_BOOTMEM symbol.
perf_counter tools: add cpu_relax()/rmb() definitions for sh.
sh64: Hook up page fault events for software perf counters.
sh: Hook up page fault events for software perf counters.
sh: make set_perf_counter_pending() static inline.
clocksource: sh_tmu: Make undefined TCOR behaviour less undefined.
One of the kmemleak changes caused the following
scheduling-while-holding-the-tasklist-lock regression on x86:
BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at mm/kmemleak.c:795
in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 0, pid: 1737, name: kmemleak
2 locks held by kmemleak/1737:
#0: (scan_mutex){......}, at: [<c10c4376>] kmemleak_scan_thread+0x45/0x86
#1: (tasklist_lock){......}, at: [<c10c3bb4>] kmemleak_scan+0x1a9/0x39c
Pid: 1737, comm: kmemleak Not tainted 2.6.31-rc1-tip #59266
Call Trace:
[<c105ac0f>] ? __debug_show_held_locks+0x1e/0x20
[<c102e490>] __might_sleep+0x10a/0x111
[<c10c38d5>] scan_yield+0x17/0x3b
[<c10c3970>] scan_block+0x39/0xd4
[<c10c3bc6>] kmemleak_scan+0x1bb/0x39c
[<c10c4331>] ? kmemleak_scan_thread+0x0/0x86
[<c10c437b>] kmemleak_scan_thread+0x4a/0x86
[<c104d73e>] kthread+0x6e/0x73
[<c104d6d0>] ? kthread+0x0/0x73
[<c100959f>] kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10
kmemleak: 834 new suspected memory leaks (see /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak)
The bit causing it is highly dubious:
static void scan_yield(void)
{
might_sleep();
if (time_is_before_eq_jiffies(next_scan_yield)) {
schedule();
next_scan_yield = jiffies + jiffies_scan_yield;
}
}
It called deep inside the codepath and in a conditional way,
and that is what crapped up when one of the new scan_block()
uses grew a tasklist_lock dependency.
This minimal patch removes that yielding stuff and adds the
proper cond_resched().
The background scanning thread could probably also be reniced
to +10.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'kmemleak' of git://linux-arm.org/linux-2.6:
kmemleak: Inform kmemleak about pid_hash
kmemleak: Do not warn if an unknown object is freed
kmemleak: Do not report new leaked objects if the scanning was stopped
kmemleak: Slightly change the policy on newly allocated objects
kmemleak: Do not trigger a scan when reading the debug/kmemleak file
kmemleak: Simplify the reports logged by the scanning thread
kmemleak: Enable task stacks scanning by default
kmemleak: Allow the early log buffer to be configurable.
