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SharpCompress fails to validate tar compressed using zstd #692

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opened 2026-01-29 22:16:00 +00:00 by claunia · 4 comments
claunia commented 2026-01-29 22:16:00 +00:00
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Originally created by @SimonCahill on GitHub (Jul 14, 2025).

It's been a while since I've actively used this library, but I'd had good experiences in the past, so I decided to use it once more.

I have the following test case:

[TestMethod]
public async Task TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot() {
    var tmpFile = Path.GetTempFileName();
    var fileBytes = GenerateRandomMemory(4096);
    File.WriteAllBytes(tmpFile, fileBytes.ToArray());

    var tmpPath = new DirectoryInfo(Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), "HermodTests", "EmailArchiverTests", nameof(TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot)));
    tmpPath.Create();

    File.Move(tmpFile, Path.Combine(tmpPath.FullName, Path.GetFileName(tmpFile)));

    await m_emailArchiver.CompressDirectoryAsync(tmpPath, CompressionType.Squeezed);
    var expectedPath = Path.Combine(tmpPath.Parent?.FullName ?? string.Empty, $"{nameof(TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot)}.tzst");

    Assert.IsTrue(File.Exists(expectedPath), $"Archive file ({expectedPath}) was not created.");

    using var fStream = File.OpenRead(expectedPath);

    if (fStream.Length < 512) {
        // This is likely not a valid Zstandard compressed file.
        Assert.Fail($"Archive file ({expectedPath}) is not a valid Zstandard compressed file.");
    }

    Assert.IsTrue(VerifyTarHeader(), $"Archive file ({expectedPath}) is not a valid TAR file after decompression.");

    fStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
    using var zstDecompStream = new DecompressionStream(fStream);
    using var tarArchive = TarArchive.Open(zstDecompStream);

    var entries = tarArchive.Entries.ToList(); // HERE!

    Assert.IsTrue(entries.Any(), $"Archive file ({expectedPath}) is empty.");

    bool VerifyTarHeader() {
        using var zstDecompStream = new DecompressionStream(fStream);

        Assert.IsTrue(zstDecompStream.CanRead, $"Archive file ({expectedPath}) is not a valid Zstandard compressed stream.");
        return TarArchive.IsTarFile(zstDecompStream);
    }
}

Interestingly, it fails to detect the tar header in the marked line.

The VerifyTarHeader method works as expected and doesn't throw.

Checking the debugger, I get the following information:

Image 
   at SharpCompress.Archives.Tar.TarArchive.<LoadEntries>d__11.MoveNext()
   at SharpCompress.Helpers.LazyReadOnlyCollection`1.LazyLoader.MoveNext()
   at SharpCompress.Helpers.Utility.ForEach[T](IEnumerable`1 items, Action`1 action)
   at SharpCompress.Helpers.LazyReadOnlyCollection`1.EnsureFullyLoaded()
   at SharpCompress.Archives.AbstractArchive`2.SharpCompress.Archives.IArchiveExtractionListener.EnsureEntriesLoaded()
   at SharpCompress.Archives.AbstractArchive`2.get_IsComplete()

Below is a hex dump of the zst file:

00000000: 28b5 2ffd 0058 8588 00bc 0d01 2e61 7263  (./..X.......arc
00000010: 6869 6e66 6f00 2020 2020 3737 3720 2030  hinfo.    777  0
00000020: 2020 3233 3400 3135 3033 3532 3534 3635    234.1503525465
00000030: 3200 2020 2035 3531 3420 4845 524d 4f44  2.   5514 HERMOD
00000040: 0000 0098 0100 0000 1095 6f75 5f41 1a86  ..........ou_A..
00000050: 4d95 9fbe c2fe ef1c bd00 0000 20f7 1fae  M........... ...
00000060: d45b 80e6 eace e16a 62ec eabf 79ce d1ad  .[.....jb...y...
00000070: 9b6d 1a81 0622 714d 3c9b 9c52 a900 0000  .m..."qM<..R....
00000080: 552f 746d 702f 4865 726d 6f64 5465 7374  U/tmp/HermodTest
00000090: 732f 456d 6169 6c41 7263 6869 7665 7254  s/EmailArchiverT
000000a0: 6573 7443 6f6d 7072 6573 7344 6972 6563  estCompressDirec
000000b0: 746f 7279 5f5a 6564 5461 725f 4669 6c65  tory_ZedTar_File
000000c0: 496e 526f 6f74 746d 7031 6259 5246 4b2e  InRoottmp1bYRFK.
000000d0: 746d 7031 3030 3030 3632 3133 b1f3 d49f  tmp100006213....
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00001080: 6465 03df 7d71 3479 0820 62de dafc 5a7d  de..}q4y. b...Z}
00001090: 9027 7bb8 836c 3b63 7d3e 65e9 d1db 6b27  .'{..l;c}>e...k'
000010a0: 59a0 7a03 297f 8ed3 70b8 f280 9bcc 9fb8  Y.z.)...p.......
000010b0: 7cd5 d054 fc3b daf5 9140 77b1 95a2 3c14  |..T.;...@w...<.
000010c0: e7aa a831 5e76 bf6d bf30 e023 3356 23a2  ...1^v.m.0.#3V#.
000010d0: 0c3a a75f fdfc b656 8c62 468d 0000 0000  .:._...V.bF.....
000010e0: 0000 0000 0000 0010 008e 7215 b000 6172  ..........r...ar
000010f0: 71d4 2a06 5402 101d 208b c139 0480 f70d  q.*.T... ..9....
00001100: a600 4175 a915 27ec d226 6608 a05a 8d62  ..Au..'..&f..Z.b
00001110: a601 daad b4fb 2680 04                   ......&..

Extracting the compressed data and piping into the tar command yields the desired results:

❯ zstdcat *.tzst | tar --list
.archinfo
tmp1bYRFK.tmp

I'll include the files here, too. The .bin is just the .tzst repackaged as a sanity check that the file command is reporting correctly.

TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot.bin.txt
TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot.tar.txt
TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot.tzst.txt

Am I missing something, or have I stumbled on a bug?

Originally created by @SimonCahill on GitHub (Jul 14, 2025). It's been a while since I've actively used this library, but I'd had good experiences in the past, so I decided to use it once more. I have the following test case: ```cs [TestMethod] public async Task TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot() { var tmpFile = Path.GetTempFileName(); var fileBytes = GenerateRandomMemory(4096); File.WriteAllBytes(tmpFile, fileBytes.ToArray()); var tmpPath = new DirectoryInfo(Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), "HermodTests", "EmailArchiverTests", nameof(TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot))); tmpPath.Create(); File.Move(tmpFile, Path.Combine(tmpPath.FullName, Path.GetFileName(tmpFile))); await m_emailArchiver.CompressDirectoryAsync(tmpPath, CompressionType.Squeezed); var expectedPath = Path.Combine(tmpPath.Parent?.FullName ?? string.Empty, $"{nameof(TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot)}.tzst"); Assert.IsTrue(File.Exists(expectedPath), $"Archive file ({expectedPath}) was not created."); using var fStream = File.OpenRead(expectedPath); if (fStream.Length < 512) { // This is likely not a valid Zstandard compressed file. Assert.Fail($"Archive file ({expectedPath}) is not a valid Zstandard compressed file."); } Assert.IsTrue(VerifyTarHeader(), $"Archive file ({expectedPath}) is not a valid TAR file after decompression."); fStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); using var zstDecompStream = new DecompressionStream(fStream); using var tarArchive = TarArchive.Open(zstDecompStream); var entries = tarArchive.Entries.ToList(); // HERE! Assert.IsTrue(entries.Any(), $"Archive file ({expectedPath}) is empty."); bool VerifyTarHeader() { using var zstDecompStream = new DecompressionStream(fStream); Assert.IsTrue(zstDecompStream.CanRead, $"Archive file ({expectedPath}) is not a valid Zstandard compressed stream."); return TarArchive.IsTarFile(zstDecompStream); } } ``` Interestingly, it fails to detect the tar header in the marked line. The `VerifyTarHeader` method works as expected and doesn't throw. Checking the debugger, I get the following information: <img width="881" height="510" alt="Image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/463f750d-fcbf-4066-8da4-ef7e7715eeb7" /> ``` at SharpCompress.Archives.Tar.TarArchive.<LoadEntries>d__11.MoveNext() at SharpCompress.Helpers.LazyReadOnlyCollection`1.LazyLoader.MoveNext() at SharpCompress.Helpers.Utility.ForEach[T](IEnumerable`1 items, Action`1 action) at SharpCompress.Helpers.LazyReadOnlyCollection`1.EnsureFullyLoaded() at SharpCompress.Archives.AbstractArchive`2.SharpCompress.Archives.IArchiveExtractionListener.EnsureEntriesLoaded() at SharpCompress.Archives.AbstractArchive`2.get_IsComplete() ``` Below is a hex dump of the zst file: ``` 00000000: 28b5 2ffd 0058 8588 00bc 0d01 2e61 7263 (./..X.......arc 00000010: 6869 6e66 6f00 2020 2020 3737 3720 2030 hinfo. 777 0 00000020: 2020 3233 3400 3135 3033 3532 3534 3635 234.1503525465 00000030: 3200 2020 2035 3531 3420 4845 524d 4f44 2. 5514 HERMOD 00000040: 0000 0098 0100 0000 1095 6f75 5f41 1a86 ..........ou_A.. 00000050: 4d95 9fbe c2fe ef1c bd00 0000 20f7 1fae M........... ... 00000060: d45b 80e6 eace e16a 62ec eabf 79ce d1ad .[.....jb...y... 00000070: 9b6d 1a81 0622 714d 3c9b 9c52 a900 0000 .m..."qM<..R.... 00000080: 552f 746d 702f 4865 726d 6f64 5465 7374 U/tmp/HermodTest 00000090: 732f 456d 6169 6c41 7263 6869 7665 7254 s/EmailArchiverT 000000a0: 6573 7443 6f6d 7072 6573 7344 6972 6563 estCompressDirec 000000b0: 746f 7279 5f5a 6564 5461 725f 4669 6c65 tory_ZedTar_File 000000c0: 496e 526f 6f74 746d 7031 6259 5246 4b2e InRoottmp1bYRFK. 000000d0: 746d 7031 3030 3030 3632 3133 b1f3 d49f tmp100006213.... 000000e0: 3ebf dee4 1b44 8743 e3f7 79b7 6df4 94bc >....D.C..y.m... 000000f0: bc55 f538 f52c a68f 0502 5841 707b 0963 .U.8.,....XAp{.c 00000100: 3525 d66e e113 5497 3af4 3406 2a22 4aea 5%.n..T.:.4.*"J. 00000110: 101b 2cb7 98aa c4b5 f0fe 0b60 a614 5df0 ..,........`..]. 00000120: c26c 8490 525a 50a7 1870 b3e3 fb02 e697 .l..RZP..p...... 00000130: 2bf6 8cc4 3c80 fdf6 6c37 5754 dcc8 9760 +...<...l7WT...` 00000140: 34ce 2011 c978 7dcf a4b3 54f3 ae13 8281 4. ..x}...T..... 00000150: 1fc3 aa82 1263 4761 337a b3cd 87b3 6c32 .....cGa3z....l2 00000160: 040b b64f a11d 90e9 c1ae 372d a9d8 4765 ...O......7-..Ge 00000170: bebd 1f0b 1709 a823 7055 4f98 2d4d cbfe .......#pUO.-M.. 00000180: 7f4b 38fb 520a df3b d4a8 2ea6 2c51 704d .K8.R..;....,QpM 00000190: 0aba 20dd 8608 dcf5 d3ad 50df d8ea 6853 .. .......P...hS 000001a0: 3311 0dbd cf01 d2b6 9f3a b51f 659d db19 3........:..e... 000001b0: 7cfe 0ff7 83ab 5913 7d66 15e6 6a0e a207 |.....Y.}f..j... 000001c0: f0e4 3379 a10f 543c 0eec 80de 171b 1767 ..3y..T<.......g 000001d0: 39a6 9485 2671 0b66 f4a3 f3b9 425a 4489 9...&q.f....BZD. 000001e0: a681 9921 42e1 ed9b 5f46 7faa d64a 8a31 ...!B..._F...J.1 000001f0: dca0 d65d 4fc5 0056 cf71 19ee 0af8 3e56 ...]O..V.q....>V 00000200: a06b 9c18 76a0 3685 52a2 b9e8 5d10 0777 .k..v.6.R...]..w 00000210: 4274 4de5 bdfb ada8 b916 dd82 99a6 3f70 BtM...........?p 00000220: 6ed3 fc8e 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j..._.8.;!...j.b 00000f30: 9b50 8e59 36c3 141a f125 bc9d 7e40 c993 .P.Y6....%..~@.. 00000f40: 8902 2587 8dd4 e17f 3590 6e14 5464 8cac ..%.....5.n.Td.. 00000f50: 328e 2b54 1b05 4334 f01e 8e4a cb0d f3e9 2.+T..C4...J.... 00000f60: 2f5a 265b 801a 8210 8e48 27de 3f95 1cc5 /Z&[.....H'.?... 00000f70: 99ba d7ab 3cfc 9456 a3b7 15f1 1319 8979 ....<..V.......y 00000f80: 61d8 6fe5 a05d 133a 4041 4b89 5e2d ece9 a.o..].:@AK.^-.. 00000f90: ea9e dead f368 6aea 3d98 e183 38c3 d24e .....hj.=...8..N 00000fa0: 7af9 07c1 824c 9825 08a4 b43a 0baa 1b47 z....L.%...:...G 00000fb0: ad55 7586 87c2 d069 709d 3dc0 1600 fbe3 .Uu....ip.=..... 00000fc0: 9ded 335b 3ba8 ccfc e65b 937e 5920 1362 ..3[;....[.~Y .b 00000fd0: 4838 9d79 d7ca 246c 281c e3fd d5a5 f0dd H8.y..$l(....... 00000fe0: 6701 3144 4115 c69f b5f2 582f 14fe d5bb g.1DA.....X/.... 00000ff0: 8d63 b05c 87e2 3598 0663 10b4 55de 84a1 .c.\..5..c..U... 00001000: 6ac1 7260 18b3 90b6 687d c1d6 487f 8e23 j.r`....h}..H..# 00001010: 4151 5515 f20e e362 898c b557 a396 a0b4 AQU....b...W.... 00001020: 4bb0 e3d3 24a6 7a88 6086 0af3 38b3 869d K...$.z.`...8... 00001030: fd2c 47b1 a0fd b05a 620c 6acb 8ff9 4db5 .,G....Zb.j...M. 00001040: 4af3 34a0 5b76 3520 836f 79e7 fe4b 4ded J.4.[v5 .oy..KM. 00001050: 93ba 0b19 b548 113d 1215 9052 c1e8 8380 .....H.=...R.... 00001060: 413c 2e27 7500 cfe5 5562 36e1 7fd7 b03c A<.'u...Ub6....< 00001070: 400d 93f7 7ab5 cd02 aa91 57ba e4a7 6443 @...z.....W...dC 00001080: 6465 03df 7d71 3479 0820 62de dafc 5a7d de..}q4y. b...Z} 00001090: 9027 7bb8 836c 3b63 7d3e 65e9 d1db 6b27 .'{..l;c}>e...k' 000010a0: 59a0 7a03 297f 8ed3 70b8 f280 9bcc 9fb8 Y.z.)...p....... 000010b0: 7cd5 d054 fc3b daf5 9140 77b1 95a2 3c14 |..T.;...@w...<. 000010c0: e7aa a831 5e76 bf6d bf30 e023 3356 23a2 ...1^v.m.0.#3V#. 000010d0: 0c3a a75f fdfc b656 8c62 468d 0000 0000 .:._...V.bF..... 000010e0: 0000 0000 0000 0010 008e 7215 b000 6172 ..........r...ar 000010f0: 71d4 2a06 5402 101d 208b c139 0480 f70d q.*.T... ..9.... 00001100: a600 4175 a915 27ec d226 6608 a05a 8d62 ..Au..'..&f..Z.b 00001110: a601 daad b4fb 2680 04 ......&.. ``` Extracting the compressed data and piping into the `tar` command yields the desired results: ``` ❯ zstdcat *.tzst | tar --list .archinfo tmp1bYRFK.tmp ``` I'll include the files here, too. The `.bin` is just the `.tzst` repackaged as a sanity check that the `file` command is reporting correctly. [TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot.bin.txt](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/21221539/TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot.bin.txt) [TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot.tar.txt](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/21221541/TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot.tar.txt) [TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot.tzst.txt](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/21221540/TestCompressDirectory_ZstCompressedTar_FileInRoot.tzst.txt) Am I missing something, or have I stumbled on a bug?
claunia added the bugup for grabs labels 2026-01-29 22:16:01 +00:00
claunia commented 2026-01-29 22:16:02 +00:00
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@SimonCahill commented on GitHub (Jul 14, 2025):

This also happens with GZip-compressed archives. The test setup is virtually the same, except for the fact it uses GZip compression.

The file looks good everywhere else, but SharpCompress is (seemingly) having issues.

For completeness' sake, here's the compression code:

/// <summary>
/// Compresses the specified directory into a .tar archive.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="directory"></param>
/// <param name="compressionType"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
/// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException"></exception>
#if UNIT_TESTING
public
#else
private 
#endif // UNIT_TESTING
async Task CompressDirectoryAsync(DirectoryInfo directory, CompressionType compressionType = CompressionType.None) {
    if (directory is null) {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(directory), "The directory to compress cannot be null.");
    }

    if (!directory.Exists) {
        LogWarning($"The directory {directory.FullName} does not exist. Cannot compress a non-existing directory.");
        return;
    }

    await CloseArchiveAsync(directory);

    using var tarArchive = TarArchive.Create();

    tarArchive.AddAllFromDirectory(directory.FullName);
    var fileExtension = GetDirectoryArchiveFileExtensionForCompressionType(compressionType);
    var archiveFileName = $"{directory.Name}{fileExtension}";


    if (directory.Parent is null) {
        throw new InvalidOperationException("The directory does not have a parent directory to save the archive.");
    }

    var archiveFilePath = Path.Combine(directory.Parent.FullName, archiveFileName);

    using var fileStream = new FileStream(archiveFilePath, FileMode.Create);
    if (compressionType is not CompressionType.Squeezed) {
        tarArchive.SaveTo(fileStream, new TarWriterOptions(compressionType, true));
    } else {
        using var zstCompStream = new CompressionStream(fileStream);
        tarArchive.SaveTo(zstCompStream, new TarWriterOptions(CompressionType.None, true));
    }
}
@SimonCahill commented on GitHub (Jul 14, 2025): This also happens with GZip-compressed archives. The test setup is virtually the same, except for the fact it uses GZip compression. The file looks good everywhere else, but SharpCompress is (seemingly) having issues. For completeness' sake, here's the compression code: ```cs /// <summary> /// Compresses the specified directory into a .tar archive. /// </summary> /// <param name="directory"></param> /// <param name="compressionType"></param> /// <returns></returns> /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException"></exception> #if UNIT_TESTING public #else private #endif // UNIT_TESTING async Task CompressDirectoryAsync(DirectoryInfo directory, CompressionType compressionType = CompressionType.None) { if (directory is null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(directory), "The directory to compress cannot be null."); } if (!directory.Exists) { LogWarning($"The directory {directory.FullName} does not exist. Cannot compress a non-existing directory."); return; } await CloseArchiveAsync(directory); using var tarArchive = TarArchive.Create(); tarArchive.AddAllFromDirectory(directory.FullName); var fileExtension = GetDirectoryArchiveFileExtensionForCompressionType(compressionType); var archiveFileName = $"{directory.Name}{fileExtension}"; if (directory.Parent is null) { throw new InvalidOperationException("The directory does not have a parent directory to save the archive."); } var archiveFilePath = Path.Combine(directory.Parent.FullName, archiveFileName); using var fileStream = new FileStream(archiveFilePath, FileMode.Create); if (compressionType is not CompressionType.Squeezed) { tarArchive.SaveTo(fileStream, new TarWriterOptions(compressionType, true)); } else { using var zstCompStream = new CompressionStream(fileStream); tarArchive.SaveTo(zstCompStream, new TarWriterOptions(CompressionType.None, true)); } } ```
claunia commented 2026-01-29 22:16:02 +00:00
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@SimonCahill commented on GitHub (Jul 15, 2025):

This doesn't happen when fully decompressing the stream into a MemoryStream before passing to TarArchive.

I'll pull the source and see if I can debug further.

@SimonCahill commented on GitHub (Jul 15, 2025): This doesn't happen when fully decompressing the stream into a `MemoryStream` before passing to `TarArchive`. I'll pull the source and see if I can debug further.
claunia commented 2026-01-29 22:16:02 +00:00
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@SimonCahill commented on GitHub (Jul 17, 2025):

At least with the zstd compression, I feel the base issue is the statefulness of the Zstd compression, meaning the zstDecompStream (DecompressionStream) cannot seek.
Would explain why copying it to a MemoryStream beforehand fixes the issue.

There may have to be a workaround when using zstd as the compression algo for streaming archives.

@SimonCahill commented on GitHub (Jul 17, 2025): At least with the zstd compression, I feel the base issue is the statefulness of the Zstd compression, meaning the zstDecompStream (`DecompressionStream`) cannot seek. Would explain why copying it to a MemoryStream beforehand fixes the issue. There may have to be a workaround when using zstd as the compression algo for streaming archives.
claunia commented 2026-01-29 22:16:02 +00:00
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@Morilli commented on GitHub (Jul 20, 2025):

The documentation for TarArchive.Open states "Takes a seekable Stream as a source". By passing in a non-seekable stream (the DecompressionStream), you're violating that condition and things fail.

Perhaps the method should throw if the input stream isn't seekable instead of falling over with an unidentifiable error later on?

@Morilli commented on GitHub (Jul 20, 2025): The documentation for [TarArchive.Open](https://github.com/adamhathcock/sharpcompress/blob/9483856439950fe8c5dcecebdc97be3bbeb6cb15/src/SharpCompress/Archives/Tar/TarArchive.cs#L90) states "Takes a seekable Stream as a source". By passing in a non-seekable stream (the DecompressionStream), you're violating that condition and things fail. Perhaps the method should throw if the input stream isn't seekable instead of falling over with an unidentifiable error later on?
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Reference: starred/sharpcompress#692
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