SabreTools/SabreTools.Library/DatFiles/DatFile.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

using SabreTools.Library.Data;
using SabreTools.Library.DatItems;
using SabreTools.Library.FileTypes;
using SabreTools.Library.Reports;
using SabreTools.Library.Skippers;
using SabreTools.Library.Tools;
using NaturalSort;

namespace SabreTools.Library.DatFiles
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Represents a format-agnostic DAT
    /// </summary>
    public abstract class DatFile
    {
        #region Publically available fields

        // Internal DatHeader values
        public DatHeader DatHeader { get; set; } = new DatHeader();

        // DatItems dictionary
        public ItemDictionary Items { get; set; } = new ItemDictionary();

        #endregion

        #region Instance Methods

        #region Accessors

        /// <summary>
        /// Set the Date header value
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="date"></param>
        public void SetDate(string date)
        {
            DatHeader.Date = date;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Set the Description header value
        /// </summary>
        public void SetDescription(string description)
        {
            DatHeader.Description = description;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Set the Name header value
        /// </summary>
        public void SetName(string name)
        {
            DatHeader.Name = name;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Set the Type header value
        /// </summary>
        public void SetType(string type)
        {
            DatHeader.Type = type;
        }

        #endregion

        #region Constructors

        /// <summary>
        /// Create a new DatFile from an existing one
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="datFile">DatFile to get the values from</param>
        public DatFile(DatFile datFile)
        {
            if (datFile != null)
            {
                DatHeader = datFile.DatHeader;
                this.Items = datFile.Items;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Create a specific type of DatFile to be used based on a format and a base DAT
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="datFormat">Format of the DAT to be created</param>
        /// <param name="baseDat">DatFile containing the information to use in specific operations</param>
        /// <returns>DatFile of the specific internal type that corresponds to the inputs</returns>
        public static DatFile Create(DatFormat? datFormat = null, DatFile baseDat = null)
        {
            switch (datFormat)
            {
                case DatFormat.AttractMode:
                    return new AttractMode(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.ClrMamePro:
                    return new ClrMamePro(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.CSV:
                    return new SeparatedValue(baseDat, ',');

                case DatFormat.DOSCenter:
                    return new DosCenter(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.EverdriveSMDB:
                    return new EverdriveSMDB(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.Json:
                    return new Json(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.Listrom:
                    return new Listrom(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.Listxml:
                    return new Listxml(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.Logiqx:
                    return new Logiqx(baseDat, false);

                case DatFormat.LogiqxDeprecated:
                    return new Logiqx(baseDat, true);

                case DatFormat.MissFile:
                    return new Missfile(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.OfflineList:
                    return new OfflineList(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.OpenMSX:
                    return new OpenMSX(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.RedumpMD5:
                    return new Hashfile(baseDat, Hash.MD5);

#if NET_FRAMEWORK
                case DatFormat.RedumpRIPEMD160:
                    return new Hashfile(baseDat, Hash.RIPEMD160);
#endif

                case DatFormat.RedumpSFV:
                    return new Hashfile(baseDat, Hash.CRC);

                case DatFormat.RedumpSHA1:
                    return new Hashfile(baseDat, Hash.SHA1);

                case DatFormat.RedumpSHA256:
                    return new Hashfile(baseDat, Hash.SHA256);

                case DatFormat.RedumpSHA384:
                    return new Hashfile(baseDat, Hash.SHA384);

                case DatFormat.RedumpSHA512:
                    return new Hashfile(baseDat, Hash.SHA512);

                case DatFormat.RomCenter:
                    return new RomCenter(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.SabreDat:
                    return new SabreDat(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.SoftwareList:
                    return new SoftwareList(baseDat);

                case DatFormat.SSV:
                    return new SeparatedValue(baseDat, ';');

                case DatFormat.TSV:
                    return new SeparatedValue(baseDat, '\t');

                // We use new-style Logiqx as a backup for generic DatFile
                case null:
                default:
                    return new Logiqx(baseDat, false);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Create a new DatFile from an existing DatHeader
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="datHeader">DatHeader to get the values from</param>
        public static DatFile Create(DatHeader datHeader)
        {
            DatFile datFile = Create(datHeader.DatFormat);
            datFile.DatHeader = (DatHeader)datHeader.Clone();
            return datFile;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Add items from another DatFile to the existing DatFile
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="datFile">DatFile to add from</param>
        /// <param name="delete">If items should be deleted from the source DatFile</param>
        public void AddFromExisting(DatFile datFile, bool delete = false)
        {
            // Get the list of keys from the DAT
            foreach (string key in datFile.Items.Keys)
            {
                // Add everything from the key to the internal DAT
                Items.AddRange(key, datFile.Items[key]);

                // Now remove the key from the source DAT
                if (delete)
                    datFile.Items.Remove(key);
            }

            // Now remove the file dictionary from the source DAT
            if (delete)
                datFile.Items = null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Apply a DatHeader to an existing DatFile
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="datHeader">DatHeader to get the values from</param>
        public void ApplyDatHeader(DatHeader datHeader)
        {
            DatHeader.ConditionalCopy(datHeader);
        }

        #endregion

        #region Converting and Updating

        /// <summary>
        /// Determine if input files should be merged, diffed, or processed invidually
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputPaths">Names of the input files and/or folders</param>
        /// <param name="basePaths">Names of base files and/or folders</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Optional param for output directory</param>
        /// <param name="updateMode">Non-zero flag for diffing mode, zero otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="inplace">True if the output files should overwrite their inputs, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="skip">True if the first cascaded diff file should be skipped on output, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="filter">Filter object to be passed to the DatItem level</param>
        /// <param name="updateFields">List of Fields representing what should be updated [only for base replacement]</param>
        /// <param name="onlySame">True if descriptions should only be replaced if the game name is the same, false otherwise [only for base replacement]</param>
        public void DetermineUpdateType(
            List<string> inputPaths,
            List<string> basePaths,
            string outDir,
            UpdateMode updateMode,
            bool inplace,
            bool skip,
            Filter filter,
            List<Field> updateFields,
            bool onlySame)
        {
            // Ensure we only have files in the inputs
            List<ParentablePath> inputFileNames = DirectoryExtensions.GetFilesOnly(inputPaths, appendparent: true);
            List<ParentablePath> baseFileNames = DirectoryExtensions.GetFilesOnly(basePaths);

            // If we're in standard update mode, run through all of the inputs
            if (updateMode == UpdateMode.None)
            {
                Update(inputFileNames, outDir, inplace, filter);
                return;
            }

            // Reverse inputs if we're in a required mode
            if (updateMode.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffReverseCascade))
                inputFileNames.Reverse();
            if (updateMode.HasFlag(UpdateMode.ReverseBaseReplace))
                baseFileNames.Reverse();

            // If we're in merging mode
            if (updateMode.HasFlag(UpdateMode.Merge))
            {
                // Populate the combined data and get the headers
                PopulateUserData(inputFileNames, filter);
                MergeNoDiff(inputFileNames, outDir);
            }

            // If we have one of the standard diffing modes
            else if (updateMode.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffDupesOnly)
                || updateMode.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffNoDupesOnly)
                || updateMode.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffIndividualsOnly))
            {
                // Populate the combined data
                PopulateUserData(inputFileNames, filter);
                DiffNoCascade(inputFileNames, outDir, updateMode);
            }

            // If we have one of the cascaded diffing modes
            else if (updateMode.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffCascade)
                || updateMode.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffReverseCascade))
            {
                // Populate the combined data and get the headers
                List<DatHeader> datHeaders = PopulateUserData(inputFileNames, filter);
                DiffCascade(inputFileNames, datHeaders, outDir, inplace, skip);
            }

            // If we have diff against mode
            else if (updateMode.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffAgainst))
            {
                // Populate the combined data
                PopulateUserData(baseFileNames, filter);
                DiffAgainst(inputFileNames, outDir, inplace);
            }

            // If we have one of the base replacement modes
            else if (updateMode.HasFlag(UpdateMode.BaseReplace)
                || updateMode.HasFlag(UpdateMode.ReverseBaseReplace))
            {
                // Populate the combined data
                PopulateUserData(baseFileNames, filter);
                BaseReplace(inputFileNames, outDir, inplace, filter, updateFields, onlySame);
            }

            return;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Populate the user DatData object from the input files
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputs">Paths to DATs to parse</param>
        /// <param name="filter">Filter object to be passed to the DatItem level</param>
        /// <returns>List of DatData objects representing headers</returns>
        private List<DatHeader> PopulateUserData(List<ParentablePath> inputs, Filter filter)
        {
            DatFile[] datFiles = new DatFile[inputs.Count];
            InternalStopwatch watch = new InternalStopwatch("Processing individual DATs");

            // Parse all of the DATs into their own DatFiles in the array
            Parallel.For(0, inputs.Count, Globals.ParallelOptions, i =>
            {
                var input = inputs[i];
                Globals.Logger.User($"Adding DAT: {input.CurrentPath}");
                datFiles[i] = Create(DatHeader.CloneFiltering());
                datFiles[i].Parse(input, i, keep: true);
            });

            watch.Stop();

            watch.Start("Populating internal DAT");
            for (int i = 0; i < inputs.Count; i++)
            {
                AddFromExisting(datFiles[i], true);
            }

            // Now that we have a merged DAT, filter it
            filter.FilterDatFile(this, false /* useTags */);

            watch.Stop();

            return datFiles.Select(d => d.DatHeader).ToList();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Replace item values from the base set represented by the current DAT
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputFileNames">Names of the input files</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Optional param for output directory</param>
        /// <param name="inplace">True if the output files should overwrite their inputs, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="filter">Filter object to be passed to the DatItem level</param>
        /// <param name="updateFields">List of Fields representing what should be updated [only for base replacement]</param>
        /// <param name="onlySame">True if descriptions should only be replaced if the game name is the same, false otherwise</param>
        private void BaseReplace(
            List<ParentablePath> inputFileNames,
            string outDir,
            bool inplace,
            Filter filter,
            List<Field> updateFields,
            bool onlySame)
        {
            // Fields unique to a DatItem
            List<Field> datItemFields = new List<Field>()
            {
                Field.Name,
                Field.PartName,
                Field.PartInterface,
                Field.Features,
                Field.AreaName,
                Field.AreaSize,
                Field.BiosDescription,
                Field.Default,
                Field.Language,
                Field.Date,
                Field.Bios,
                Field.Size,
                Field.Offset,
                Field.Merge,
                Field.Region,
                Field.Index,
                Field.Writable,
                Field.Optional,
                Field.Status,

                Field.CRC,
                Field.MD5,
#if NET_FRAMEWORK
                Field.RIPEMD160,
#endif
                Field.SHA1,
                Field.SHA256,
                Field.SHA384,
                Field.SHA512,
            };

            // Fields unique to a Machine
            List<Field> machineFields = new List<Field>()
            {
                Field.MachineName,
                Field.Comment,
                Field.Description,
                Field.Year,
                Field.Manufacturer,
                Field.Publisher,
                Field.RomOf,
                Field.CloneOf,
                Field.SampleOf,
                Field.Supported,
                Field.SourceFile,
                Field.Runnable,
                Field.Board,
                Field.RebuildTo,
                Field.Devices,
                Field.SlotOptions,
                Field.Infos,
                Field.MachineType,
            };

            // We want to try to replace each item in each input DAT from the base
            foreach (ParentablePath path in inputFileNames)
            {
                Globals.Logger.User($"Replacing items in '{path.CurrentPath}' from the base DAT");

                // First we parse in the DAT internally
                DatFile intDat = Create(DatHeader.CloneFiltering());
                intDat.Parse(path, 1, keep: true);
                filter.FilterDatFile(intDat, false /* useTags */);

                // If we are matching based on DatItem fields of any sort
                if (updateFields.Intersect(datItemFields).Any())
                {
                    // For comparison's sake, we want to use CRC as the base bucketing
                    Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.CRC, DedupeType.Full);
                    intDat.Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.CRC, DedupeType.None);

                    // Then we do a hashwise comparison against the base DAT
                    Parallel.ForEach(intDat.Items.Keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, key =>
                    {
                        List<DatItem> datItems = intDat.Items[key];
                        List<DatItem> newDatItems = new List<DatItem>();
                        foreach (DatItem datItem in datItems)
                        {
                            List<DatItem> dupes = Items.GetDuplicates(datItem, sorted: true);
                            DatItem newDatItem = datItem.Clone() as DatItem;

                            // Cast versions of the new DatItem for use below
                            var archive = newDatItem as Archive;
                            var biosSet = newDatItem as BiosSet;
                            var blank = newDatItem as Blank;
                            var disk = newDatItem as Disk;
                            var release = newDatItem as Release;
                            var rom = newDatItem as Rom;
                            var sample = newDatItem as Sample;

                            if (dupes.Count > 0)
                            {
                                // Get the first duplicate for grabbing information from
                                var firstDupe = dupes.First();
                                var archiveDupe = firstDupe as Archive;
                                var biosSetDupe = firstDupe as BiosSet;
                                var blankDupe = firstDupe as Blank;
                                var diskDupe = firstDupe as Disk;
                                var releaseDupe = firstDupe as Release;
                                var romDupe = firstDupe as Rom;
                                var sampleDupe = firstDupe as Sample;

                                #region Non-hash fields

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Name))
                                    newDatItem.Name = firstDupe.Name;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.PartName))
                                    newDatItem.PartName = firstDupe.PartName;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.PartInterface))
                                    newDatItem.PartInterface = firstDupe.PartInterface;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Features))
                                    newDatItem.Features = firstDupe.Features;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.AreaName))
                                    newDatItem.AreaName = firstDupe.AreaName;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.AreaSize))
                                    newDatItem.AreaSize = firstDupe.AreaSize;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.BiosDescription))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.BiosSet)
                                        biosSet.Description = biosSetDupe.Description;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Default))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.BiosSet)
                                        biosSet.Default = biosSetDupe.Default;

                                    else if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Release)
                                        release.Default = releaseDupe.Default;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Language))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Release)
                                        release.Language = releaseDupe.Language;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Date))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Release)
                                        release.Date = releaseDupe.Date;

                                    else if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                        rom.Date = romDupe.Date;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Bios))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                        rom.Bios = romDupe.Bios;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Size))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                        rom.Size = romDupe.Size;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Offset))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                        rom.Offset = romDupe.Offset;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Merge))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                        disk.MergeTag = diskDupe.MergeTag;

                                    else if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                        rom.MergeTag = romDupe.MergeTag;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Region))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                        disk.Region = diskDupe.Region;

                                    else if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Release)
                                        release.Region = releaseDupe.Region;

                                    else if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                        rom.Region = romDupe.Region;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Index))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                        disk.Index = diskDupe.Index;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Writable))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                        disk.Writable = diskDupe.Writable;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Optional))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                        disk.Optional = diskDupe.Optional;

                                    else if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                        rom.Optional = romDupe.Optional;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Status))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                        disk.ItemStatus = diskDupe.ItemStatus;

                                    else if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                        rom.ItemStatus = romDupe.ItemStatus;
                                }

                                #endregion

                                #region Hash fields

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.CRC))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rom.CRC) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(romDupe.CRC))
                                            rom.CRC = romDupe.CRC;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.MD5))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(disk.MD5) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(diskDupe.MD5))
                                            disk.MD5 = diskDupe.MD5;
                                    }

                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rom.MD5) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(romDupe.MD5))
                                            rom.MD5 = romDupe.MD5;
                                    }
                                }

#if NET_FRAMEWORK
                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.RIPEMD160))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(disk.RIPEMD160) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(diskDupe.RIPEMD160))
                                            disk.RIPEMD160 = diskDupe.RIPEMD160;
                                    }

                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rom.RIPEMD160) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(romDupe.RIPEMD160))
                                            rom.RIPEMD160 = romDupe.RIPEMD160;
                                    }
                                }
#endif

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.SHA1))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(disk.SHA1) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(diskDupe.SHA1))
                                            disk.SHA1 = diskDupe.SHA1;
                                    }

                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rom.SHA1) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(romDupe.SHA1))
                                            rom.SHA1 = romDupe.SHA1;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.SHA256))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(disk.SHA256) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(diskDupe.SHA256))
                                            disk.SHA256 = diskDupe.SHA256;
                                    }

                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rom.SHA256) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(romDupe.SHA256))
                                            rom.SHA256 = romDupe.SHA256;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.SHA384))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(disk.SHA384) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(diskDupe.SHA384))
                                            disk.SHA384 = diskDupe.SHA384;
                                    }

                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rom.SHA384) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(romDupe.SHA384))
                                            rom.SHA384 = romDupe.SHA384;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.SHA512))
                                {
                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(disk.SHA512) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(diskDupe.SHA512))
                                            disk.SHA512 = diskDupe.SHA512;
                                    }

                                    if (newDatItem.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                    {
                                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rom.SHA512) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(romDupe.SHA512))
                                            rom.SHA512 = romDupe.SHA512;
                                    }
                                }

                                #endregion

                                // Now assign back the duplicate archive to the original
                                switch (newDatItem.ItemType)
                                {
                                    case ItemType.Archive:
                                        newDatItem = archive.Clone() as Archive;
                                        break;

                                    case ItemType.BiosSet:
                                        newDatItem = biosSet.Clone() as BiosSet;
                                        break;

                                    case ItemType.Blank:
                                        newDatItem = blank.Clone() as Blank;
                                        break;

                                    case ItemType.Disk:
                                        newDatItem = disk.Clone() as Disk;
                                        break;

                                    case ItemType.Release:
                                        newDatItem = release.Clone() as Release;
                                        break;

                                    case ItemType.Rom:
                                        newDatItem = rom.Clone() as Rom;
                                        break;

                                    case ItemType.Sample:
                                        newDatItem = sample.Clone() as Sample;
                                        break;
                                }
                            }

                            newDatItems.Add(newDatItem);
                        }

                        // Now add the new list to the key
                        intDat.Items.Remove(key);
                        intDat.Items.AddRange(key, newDatItems);
                    });
                }

                // If we are matching based on Machine fields of any sort
                if (updateFields.Intersect(machineFields).Any())
                {
                    // For comparison's sake, we want to use Machine Name as the base bucketing
                    Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.Game, DedupeType.Full);
                    intDat.Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.Game, DedupeType.None);

                    // Then we do a namewise comparison against the base DAT
                    Parallel.ForEach(intDat.Items.Keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, key =>
                    {
                        List<DatItem> datItems = intDat.Items[key];
                        List<DatItem> newDatItems = new List<DatItem>();
                        foreach (DatItem datItem in datItems)
                        {
                            DatItem newDatItem = datItem.Clone() as DatItem;
                            if (Items.ContainsKey(key) && Items[key].Count() > 0)
                            {
                                var firstDupe = Items[key][0];

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.MachineName))
                                    newDatItem.MachineName = firstDupe.MachineName;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Comment))
                                    newDatItem.Comment = firstDupe.Comment;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Description))
                                {
                                    if (!onlySame || (onlySame && newDatItem.MachineName == newDatItem.MachineDescription))
                                        newDatItem.MachineDescription = firstDupe.MachineDescription;
                                }

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Year))
                                    newDatItem.Year = firstDupe.Year;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Manufacturer))
                                    newDatItem.Manufacturer = firstDupe.Manufacturer;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Publisher))
                                    newDatItem.Publisher = firstDupe.Publisher;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Category))
                                    newDatItem.Category = firstDupe.Category;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.RomOf))
                                    newDatItem.RomOf = firstDupe.RomOf;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.CloneOf))
                                    newDatItem.CloneOf = firstDupe.CloneOf;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.SampleOf))
                                    newDatItem.SampleOf = firstDupe.SampleOf;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Supported))
                                    newDatItem.Supported = firstDupe.Supported;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.SourceFile))
                                    newDatItem.SourceFile = firstDupe.SourceFile;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Runnable))
                                    newDatItem.Runnable = firstDupe.Runnable;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Board))
                                    newDatItem.Board = firstDupe.Board;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.RebuildTo))
                                    newDatItem.RebuildTo = firstDupe.RebuildTo;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Devices))
                                    newDatItem.Devices = firstDupe.Devices;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.SlotOptions))
                                    newDatItem.SlotOptions = firstDupe.SlotOptions;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.Infos))
                                    newDatItem.Infos = firstDupe.Infos;

                                if (updateFields.Contains(Field.MachineType))
                                    newDatItem.MachineType = firstDupe.MachineType;
                            }

                            newDatItems.Add(newDatItem);
                        }

                        // Now add the new list to the key
                        intDat.Items.Remove(key);
                        intDat.Items.AddRange(key, newDatItems);
                    });
                }

                // Determine the output path for the DAT
                string interOutDir = path.GetOutputPath(outDir, inplace);

                // Once we're done, try writing out
                intDat.Write(interOutDir, overwrite: inplace);

                // Due to possible memory requirements, we force a garbage collection
                GC.Collect();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Output diffs against a base set represented by the current DAT
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputFileNames">Names of the input files</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Optional param for output directory</param>
        /// <param name="inplace">True if the output files should overwrite their inputs, false otherwise</param>
        private void DiffAgainst(List<ParentablePath> inputFileNames, string outDir, bool inplace)
        {
            // For comparison's sake, we want to use CRC as the base ordering
            Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.CRC, DedupeType.Full);

            // Now we want to compare each input DAT against the base
            foreach (ParentablePath path in inputFileNames)
            {
                Globals.Logger.User($"Comparing '{path.CurrentPath}' to base DAT");

                // First we parse in the DAT internally
                DatFile intDat = Create();
                intDat.Parse(path, 1, keep: true);

                // For comparison's sake, we want to use CRC as the base bucketing
                intDat.Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.CRC, DedupeType.Full);

                // Then we do a hashwise comparison against the base DAT
                Parallel.ForEach(intDat.Items.Keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, key =>
                {
                    List<DatItem> datItems = intDat.Items[key];
                    List<DatItem> keepDatItems = new List<DatItem>();
                    foreach (DatItem datItem in datItems)
                    {
                        if (!Items.HasDuplicates(datItem, true))
                            keepDatItems.Add(datItem);
                    }

                    // Now add the new list to the key
                    intDat.Items.Remove(key);
                    intDat.Items.AddRange(key, keepDatItems);
                });

                // Determine the output path for the DAT
                string interOutDir = path.GetOutputPath(outDir, inplace);

                // Once we're done, try writing out
                intDat.Write(interOutDir, overwrite: inplace);

                // Due to possible memory requirements, we force a garbage collection
                GC.Collect();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Output cascading diffs
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputs">List of inputs to write out from</param>
        /// <param name="datHeaders">Dat headers used optionally</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Output directory to write the DATs to</param>
        /// <param name="inplace">True if cascaded diffs are outputted in-place, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="skip">True if the first cascaded diff file should be skipped on output, false otherwise</param>
        private void DiffCascade(List<ParentablePath> inputs, List<DatHeader> datHeaders, string outDir, bool inplace, bool skip)
        {
            // Create a list of DatData objects representing output files
            List<DatFile> outDats = new List<DatFile>();

            // Loop through each of the inputs and get or create a new DatData object
            InternalStopwatch watch = new InternalStopwatch("Initializing all output DATs");

            DatFile[] outDatsArray = new DatFile[inputs.Count];
            Parallel.For(0, inputs.Count, Globals.ParallelOptions, j =>
            {
                string innerpost = $" ({j} - {inputs[j].GetNormalizedFileName(true)} Only)";
                DatFile diffData;

                // If we're in inplace mode or the output directory is set, take the appropriate DatData object already stored
                if (inplace || outDir != Environment.CurrentDirectory)
                {
                    diffData = Create(datHeaders[j]);
                }
                else
                {
                    diffData = Create(DatHeader);
                    diffData.DatHeader.FileName += innerpost;
                    diffData.DatHeader.Name += innerpost;
                    diffData.DatHeader.Description += innerpost;
                }

                diffData.Items = new ItemDictionary();
                outDatsArray[j] = diffData;
            });

            outDats = outDatsArray.ToList();
            watch.Stop();

            // Then, ensure that the internal dat can be bucketed in the best possible way
            Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.CRC, DedupeType.None);

            // Now, loop through the dictionary and populate the correct DATs
            watch.Start("Populating all output DATs");

            Parallel.ForEach(Items.Keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, key =>
            {
                List<DatItem> items = DatItem.Merge(Items[key]);

                // If the rom list is empty or null, just skip it
                if (items == null || items.Count == 0)
                    return;

                foreach (DatItem item in items)
                {
                    // There's odd cases where there are items with System ID < 0. Skip them for now
                    if (item.IndexId < 0)
                    {
                        Globals.Logger.Warning($"Item found with a <0 SystemID: {item.Name}");
                        continue;
                    }

                    outDats[item.IndexId].Items.Add(key, item);
                }
            });

            watch.Stop();

            // Finally, loop through and output each of the DATs
            watch.Start("Outputting all created DATs");

            Parallel.For((skip ? 1 : 0), inputs.Count, Globals.ParallelOptions, j =>
            {
                string path = inputs[j].GetOutputPath(outDir, inplace);

                // Try to output the file
                outDats[j].Write(path, overwrite: inplace);
            });

            watch.Stop();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Output non-cascading diffs
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputs">List of inputs to write out from</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Output directory to write the DATs to</param>
        /// <param name="diff">Non-zero flag for diffing mode, zero otherwise</param>
        private void DiffNoCascade(List<ParentablePath> inputs, string outDir, UpdateMode diff)
        {
            InternalStopwatch watch = new InternalStopwatch("Initializing all output DATs");

            // Default vars for use
            string post = string.Empty;
            DatFile outerDiffData = Create();
            DatFile dupeData = Create();

            // Fill in any information not in the base DAT
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.FileName))
                DatHeader.FileName = "All DATs";

            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name))
                DatHeader.Name = "All DATs";

            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
                DatHeader.Description = "All DATs";

            // Don't have External dupes
            if (diff.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffNoDupesOnly))
            {
                post = " (No Duplicates)";
                outerDiffData = Create(DatHeader);
                outerDiffData.DatHeader.FileName += post;
                outerDiffData.DatHeader.Name += post;
                outerDiffData.DatHeader.Description += post;
                outerDiffData.Items = new ItemDictionary();
            }

            // Have External dupes
            if (diff.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffDupesOnly))
            {
                post = " (Duplicates)";
                dupeData = Create(DatHeader);
                dupeData.DatHeader.FileName += post;
                dupeData.DatHeader.Name += post;
                dupeData.DatHeader.Description += post;
                dupeData.Items = new ItemDictionary();
            }

            // Create a list of DatData objects representing individual output files
            List<DatFile> outDats = new List<DatFile>();

            // Loop through each of the inputs and get or create a new DatData object
            if (diff.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffIndividualsOnly))
            {
                DatFile[] outDatsArray = new DatFile[inputs.Count];

                Parallel.For(0, inputs.Count, Globals.ParallelOptions, j =>
                {
                    string innerpost = $" ({j} - {inputs[j].GetNormalizedFileName(true)} Only)";
                    DatFile diffData = Create(DatHeader);
                    diffData.DatHeader.FileName += innerpost;
                    diffData.DatHeader.Name += innerpost;
                    diffData.DatHeader.Description += innerpost;
                    diffData.Items = new ItemDictionary();
                    outDatsArray[j] = diffData;
                });

                outDats = outDatsArray.ToList();
            }

            watch.Stop();

            // Now, loop through the dictionary and populate the correct DATs
            watch.Start("Populating all output DATs");

            Parallel.ForEach(Items.Keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, key =>
            {
                List<DatItem> items = DatItem.Merge(Items[key]);

                // If the rom list is empty or null, just skip it
                if (items == null || items.Count == 0)
                    return;

                // Loop through and add the items correctly
                foreach (DatItem item in items)
                {
                    // No duplicates
                    if (diff.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffNoDupesOnly) || diff.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffIndividualsOnly))
                    {
                        if (item.DupeType.HasFlag(DupeType.Internal) || item.DupeType == 0x00)
                        {
                            // Individual DATs that are output
                            if (diff.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffIndividualsOnly))
                                outDats[item.IndexId].Items.Add(key, item);

                            // Merged no-duplicates DAT
                            if (diff.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffNoDupesOnly))
                            {
                                DatItem newrom = item.Clone() as DatItem;
                                newrom.MachineName += $" ({Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(inputs[item.IndexId].CurrentPath)})";

                                outerDiffData.Items.Add(key, newrom);
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    // Duplicates only
                    if (diff.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffNoDupesOnly))
                    {
                        if (item.DupeType.HasFlag(DupeType.External))
                        {
                            DatItem newrom = item.Clone() as DatItem;
                            newrom.MachineName += $" ({Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(inputs[item.IndexId].CurrentPath)})";

                            dupeData.Items.Add(key, newrom);
                        }
                    }
                }
            });

            watch.Stop();

            // Finally, loop through and output each of the DATs
            watch.Start("Outputting all created DATs");

            // Output the difflist (a-b)+(b-a) diff
            if (diff.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffNoDupesOnly))
                outerDiffData.Write(outDir, overwrite: false);

            // Output the (ab) diff
            if (diff.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffDupesOnly))
                dupeData.Write(outDir, overwrite: false);

            // Output the individual (a-b) DATs
            if (diff.HasFlag(UpdateMode.DiffIndividualsOnly))
            {
                Parallel.For(0, inputs.Count, Globals.ParallelOptions, j =>
                {
                    string path = inputs[j].GetOutputPath(outDir, false /* inplace */);

                    // Try to output the file
                    outDats[j].Write(path, overwrite: false);
                });
            }

            watch.Stop();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Output user defined merge
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputs">List of inputs to write out from</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Output directory to write the DATs to</param>
        private void MergeNoDiff(List<ParentablePath> inputs, string outDir)
        {
            // If we're in SuperDAT mode, prefix all games with their respective DATs
            if (DatHeader.Type == "SuperDAT")
            {
                Parallel.ForEach(Items.Keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, key =>
                {
                    List<DatItem> items = Items[key].ToList();
                    List<DatItem> newItems = new List<DatItem>();
                    foreach (DatItem item in items)
                    {
                        DatItem newItem = item;
                        string filename = inputs[newItem.IndexId].CurrentPath;
                        string rootpath = inputs[newItem.IndexId].ParentPath;

                        rootpath += (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(rootpath) ? string.Empty : Path.DirectorySeparatorChar.ToString());
                        filename = filename.Remove(0, rootpath.Length);
                        newItem.MachineName = Path.GetDirectoryName(filename) + Path.DirectorySeparatorChar
                            + Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(filename) + Path.DirectorySeparatorChar
                            + newItem.MachineName;

                        newItems.Add(newItem);
                    }

                    Items.Remove(key);
                    Items.AddRange(key, newItems);
                });
            }

            // Try to output the file
            Write(outDir, overwrite: false);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Convert, update, and filter a DAT file or set of files
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputFileNames">Names of the input files and/or folders</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Optional param for output directory</param>
        /// <param name="inplace">True if the output files should overwrite their inputs, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="filter">Filter object to be passed to the DatItem level</param>
        private void Update(List<ParentablePath> inputFileNames, string outDir, bool inplace, Filter filter)
        {
            // Iterate over the files
            foreach (ParentablePath file in inputFileNames)
            {
                DatFile innerDatdata = Create(DatHeader);
                Globals.Logger.User($"Processing '{Path.GetFileName(file.CurrentPath)}'");
                innerDatdata.Parse(file, keep: true,
                    keepext: innerDatdata.DatHeader.DatFormat.HasFlag(DatFormat.TSV)
                        || innerDatdata.DatHeader.DatFormat.HasFlag(DatFormat.CSV)
                        || innerDatdata.DatHeader.DatFormat.HasFlag(DatFormat.SSV));
                filter.FilterDatFile(innerDatdata, false /* useTags */);

                // Get the correct output path
                string realOutDir = file.GetOutputPath(outDir, inplace);

                // Try to output the file, overwriting only if it's not in the current directory
                innerDatdata.Write(realOutDir, overwrite: inplace);
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Parsing

        /// <summary>
        /// Create a DatFile and parse a file into it
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filename">Name of the file to be parsed</param>
        public static DatFile CreateAndParse(string filename)
        {
            DatFile datFile = Create();
            datFile.Parse(new ParentablePath(filename));
            return datFile;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Parse a DAT and return all found games and roms within
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filename">Name of the file to be parsed</param>
        /// <param name="indexId">Index ID for the DAT</param>
        /// <param name="keep">True if full pathnames are to be kept, false otherwise (default)</param>
        /// <param name="keepext">True if original extension should be kept, false otherwise (default)</param>
        public void Parse(ParentablePath filename, int indexId = 0, bool keep = false, bool keepext = false)
        {
            // Get the current path from the filename
            string currentPath = filename.CurrentPath;

            // Check the file extension first as a safeguard
            if (!PathExtensions.HasValidDatExtension(currentPath))
                return;

            // If the output filename isn't set already, get the internal filename
            DatHeader.FileName = (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.FileName) ? (keepext ? Path.GetFileName(currentPath) : Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(currentPath)) : DatHeader.FileName);

            // If the output type isn't set already, get the internal output type
            DatHeader.DatFormat = (DatHeader.DatFormat == 0 ? currentPath.GetDatFormat() : DatHeader.DatFormat);
            Items.SetBucketedBy(BucketedBy.CRC); // Setting this because it can reduce issues later

            // Now parse the correct type of DAT
            try
            {
                Create(currentPath.GetDatFormat(), this)?.ParseFile(currentPath, indexId, keep);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Globals.Logger.Error($"Error with file '{filename}': {ex}");
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Add a rom to the Dat after checking
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="item">Item data to check against</param>
        /// <returns>The key for the item</returns>
        protected string ParseAddHelper(DatItem item)
        {
            string key = string.Empty;

            // If there's no name in the rom, we log and skip it
            if (item.Name == null)
            {
                Globals.Logger.Warning($"{DatHeader.FileName}: Rom with no name found! Skipping...");
                return key;
            }

            // If we have a Rom or a Disk, clean the hash data
            if (item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
            {
                Rom itemRom = (Rom)item;

                // If we have the case where there is SHA-1 and nothing else, we don't fill in any other part of the data
                if (itemRom.Size == -1
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.CRC)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.MD5)
#if NET_FRAMEWORK
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.RIPEMD160)
#endif
                    && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.SHA1)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.SHA256)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.SHA384)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.SHA512))
                {
                    // No-op, just catch it so it doesn't go further
                    Globals.Logger.Verbose($"{DatHeader.FileName}: Entry with only SHA-1 found - '{itemRom.Name}'");
                }

                // If we have a rom and it's missing size AND the hashes match a 0-byte file, fill in the rest of the info
                else if ((itemRom.Size == 0 || itemRom.Size == -1)
                    && ((itemRom.CRC == Constants.CRCZero || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.CRC))
                        || itemRom.MD5 == Constants.MD5Zero
#if NET_FRAMEWORK
                        || itemRom.RIPEMD160 == Constants.RIPEMD160Zero
#endif
                        || itemRom.SHA1 == Constants.SHA1Zero
                        || itemRom.SHA256 == Constants.SHA256Zero
                        || itemRom.SHA384 == Constants.SHA384Zero
                        || itemRom.SHA512 == Constants.SHA512Zero))
                {
                    // TODO: All instances of Hash.DeepHashes should be made into 0x0 eventually
                    itemRom.Size = Constants.SizeZero;
                    itemRom.CRC = Constants.CRCZero;
                    itemRom.MD5 = Constants.MD5Zero;
#if NET_FRAMEWORK
                    itemRom.RIPEMD160 = null;
                    //itemRom.RIPEMD160 = Constants.RIPEMD160Zero;
#endif
                    itemRom.SHA1 = Constants.SHA1Zero;
                    itemRom.SHA256 = null;
                    //itemRom.SHA256 = Constants.SHA256Zero;
                    itemRom.SHA384 = null;
                    //itemRom.SHA384 = Constants.SHA384Zero;
                    itemRom.SHA512 = null;
                    //itemRom.SHA512 = Constants.SHA512Zero;
                }
                // If the file has no size and it's not the above case, skip and log
                else if (itemRom.ItemStatus != ItemStatus.Nodump && (itemRom.Size == 0 || itemRom.Size == -1))
                {
                    Globals.Logger.Verbose($"{DatHeader.FileName}: Incomplete entry for '{itemRom.Name}' will be output as nodump");
                    itemRom.ItemStatus = ItemStatus.Nodump;
                }
                // If the file has a size but aboslutely no hashes, skip and log
                else if (itemRom.ItemStatus != ItemStatus.Nodump
                    && itemRom.Size > 0
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.CRC)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.MD5)
#if NET_FRAMEWORK
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.RIPEMD160)
#endif
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.SHA1)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.SHA256)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.SHA384)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemRom.SHA512))
                {
                    Globals.Logger.Verbose($"{DatHeader.FileName}: Incomplete entry for '{itemRom.Name}' will be output as nodump");
                    itemRom.ItemStatus = ItemStatus.Nodump;
                }

                item = itemRom;
            }
            else if (item.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
            {
                Disk itemDisk = (Disk)item;

                // If the file has aboslutely no hashes, skip and log
                if (itemDisk.ItemStatus != ItemStatus.Nodump
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemDisk.MD5)
#if NET_FRAMEWORK
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemDisk.RIPEMD160)
#endif
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemDisk.SHA1)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemDisk.SHA256)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemDisk.SHA384)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(itemDisk.SHA512))
                {
                    Globals.Logger.Verbose($"Incomplete entry for '{itemDisk.Name}' will be output as nodump");
                    itemDisk.ItemStatus = ItemStatus.Nodump;
                }

                item = itemDisk;
            }

            // Get the key and add the file
            key = item.GetKey(BucketedBy.CRC);
            Items.Add(key, item);

            return key;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Parse DatFile and return all found games and roms within
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filename">Name of the file to be parsed</param>
        /// <param name="indexId">Index ID for the DAT</param>
        /// <param name="keep">True if full pathnames are to be kept, false otherwise (default)</param>
        protected abstract void ParseFile(string filename, int indexId, bool keep);

        #endregion

        #region Populate DAT from Directory

        /// <summary>
        /// Create a new Dat from a directory
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="basePath">Base folder to be used in creating the DAT</param>
        /// <param name="omitFromScan">Hash flag saying what hashes should not be calculated</param>
        /// <param name="bare">True if the date should be omitted from the DAT, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="archivesAsFiles">True if archives should be treated as files, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="skipFileType">Type of files that should be skipped</param>
        /// <param name="addBlanks">True if blank items should be created for empty folders, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="addDate">True if dates should be archived for all files, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="tempDir">Name of the directory to create a temp folder in (blank is current directory)</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Output directory to </param>
        /// <param name="copyFiles">True if files should be copied to the temp directory before hashing, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="headerToCheckAgainst">Populated string representing the name of the skipper to use, a blank string to use the first available checker, null otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="chdsAsFiles">True if CHDs should be treated like regular files, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="filter">Filter object to be passed to the DatItem level</param>
        /// <param name="useTags">True if DatFile tags override splitting, false otherwise</param>
        public bool PopulateFromDir(string basePath, Hash omitFromScan, bool bare, bool archivesAsFiles, SkipFileType skipFileType,
            bool addBlanks, bool addDate, string tempDir, bool copyFiles, string headerToCheckAgainst, bool chdsAsFiles, Filter filter, bool useTags = false)
        {
            // If the description is defined but not the name, set the name from the description
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
            {
                DatHeader.Name = DatHeader.Description;
            }

            // If the name is defined but not the description, set the description from the name
            else if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
            {
                DatHeader.Description = DatHeader.Name + (bare ? string.Empty : $" ({DatHeader.Date})");
            }

            // If neither the name or description are defined, set them from the automatic values
            else if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
            {
                string[] splitpath = basePath.TrimEnd(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar).Split(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar);
                DatHeader.Name = splitpath.Last();
                DatHeader.Description = DatHeader.Name + (bare ? string.Empty : $" ({DatHeader.Date})");
            }

            // Clean the temp directory path
            tempDir = DirectoryExtensions.Ensure(tempDir, temp: true);

            // Process the input
            if (Directory.Exists(basePath))
            {
                Globals.Logger.Verbose($"Folder found: {basePath}");

                // Process the files in the main folder or any subfolder
                List<string> files = Directory.EnumerateFiles(basePath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories).ToList();
                Parallel.ForEach(files, Globals.ParallelOptions, item =>
                {
                    CheckFileForHashes(item, basePath, omitFromScan, archivesAsFiles, skipFileType,
                        addBlanks, addDate, tempDir, copyFiles, headerToCheckAgainst, chdsAsFiles);
                });

                // Now find all folders that are empty, if we are supposed to
                if (!DatHeader.Romba && addBlanks)
                {
                    List<string> empties = DirectoryExtensions.ListEmpty(basePath);
                    Parallel.ForEach(empties, Globals.ParallelOptions, dir =>
                    {
                        // Get the full path for the directory
                        string fulldir = Path.GetFullPath(dir);

                        // Set the temporary variables
                        string gamename = string.Empty;
                        string romname = string.Empty;

                        // If we have a SuperDAT, we want anything that's not the base path as the game, and the file as the rom
                        if (DatHeader.Type == "SuperDAT")
                        {
                            gamename = fulldir.Remove(0, basePath.Length + 1);
                            romname = "_";
                        }

                        // Otherwise, we want just the top level folder as the game, and the file as everything else
                        else
                        {
                            gamename = fulldir.Remove(0, basePath.Length + 1).Split(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar)[0];
                            romname = Path.Combine(fulldir.Remove(0, basePath.Length + 1 + gamename.Length), "_");
                        }

                        // Sanitize the names
                        gamename = gamename.Trim(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar);
                        romname = romname.Trim(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar);

                        Globals.Logger.Verbose($"Adding blank empty folder: {gamename}");
                        Items["null"].Add(new Rom(romname, gamename));
                    });
                }
            }
            else if (File.Exists(basePath))
            {
                CheckFileForHashes(basePath, Path.GetDirectoryName(Path.GetDirectoryName(basePath)), omitFromScan, archivesAsFiles,
                    skipFileType, addBlanks, addDate, tempDir, copyFiles, headerToCheckAgainst, chdsAsFiles);
            }

            // Now that we're done, delete the temp folder (if it's not the default)
            Globals.Logger.User("Cleaning temp folder");
            if (tempDir != Path.GetTempPath())
                DirectoryExtensions.TryDelete(tempDir);

            // If we have a valid filter, perform the filtering now
            if (filter != null && filter != default(Filter))
                filter.FilterDatFile(this, useTags);

            return true;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Check a given file for hashes, based on current settings
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="item">Filename of the item to be checked</param>
        /// <param name="basePath">Base folder to be used in creating the DAT</param>
        /// <param name="omitFromScan">Hash flag saying what hashes should not be calculated</param>
        /// <param name="archivesAsFiles">True if archives should be treated as files, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="skipFileType">Type of files that should be skipped</param>
        /// <param name="addBlanks">True if blank items should be created for empty folders, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="addDate">True if dates should be archived for all files, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="tempDir">Name of the directory to create a temp folder in (blank is current directory)</param>
        /// <param name="copyFiles">True if files should be copied to the temp directory before hashing, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="headerToCheckAgainst">Populated string representing the name of the skipper to use, a blank string to use the first available checker, null otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="chdsAsFiles">True if CHDs should be treated like regular files, false otherwise</param>
        private void CheckFileForHashes(string item, string basePath, Hash omitFromScan, bool archivesAsFiles,
            SkipFileType skipFileType, bool addBlanks, bool addDate, string tempDir, bool copyFiles, string headerToCheckAgainst, bool chdsAsFiles)
        {
            // Special case for if we are in Romba mode (all names are supposed to be SHA-1 hashes)
            if (DatHeader.Romba)
            {
                GZipArchive gzarc = new GZipArchive(item);
                BaseFile baseFile = gzarc.GetTorrentGZFileInfo();

                // If the rom is valid, write it out
                if (baseFile != null && baseFile.Filename != null)
                {
                    // Add the list if it doesn't exist already
                    Rom rom = new Rom(baseFile);
                    Items.Add(rom.GetKey(BucketedBy.CRC), rom);
                    Globals.Logger.User($"File added: {Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(item)}{Environment.NewLine}");
                }
                else
                {
                    Globals.Logger.User($"File not added: {Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(item)}{Environment.NewLine}");
                    return;
                }

                return;
            }

            // If we're copying files, copy it first and get the new filename
            string newItem = item;
            string newBasePath = basePath;
            if (copyFiles)
            {
                newBasePath = Path.Combine(tempDir, Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
                newItem = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(newBasePath, Path.GetFullPath(item).Remove(0, basePath.Length + 1)));
                DirectoryExtensions.TryCreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(newItem));
                File.Copy(item, newItem, true);
            }

            // Initialize possible archive variables
            BaseArchive archive = BaseArchive.Create(newItem);
            List<BaseFile> extracted = null;

            // If we have an archive and we're supposed to scan it
            if (archive != null && !archivesAsFiles)
                extracted = archive.GetChildren(omitFromScan: omitFromScan, date: addDate);

            // If the file should be skipped based on type, do so now
            if ((extracted != null && skipFileType == SkipFileType.Archive)
                || (extracted == null && skipFileType == SkipFileType.File))
            {
                return;
            }

            // If the extracted list is null, just scan the item itself
            if (extracted == null)
            {
                ProcessFile(newItem, string.Empty, newBasePath, omitFromScan, addDate, headerToCheckAgainst, chdsAsFiles);
            }
            // Otherwise, add all of the found items
            else
            {
                // First take care of the found items
                Parallel.ForEach(extracted, Globals.ParallelOptions, rom =>
                {
                    DatItem datItem = DatItem.Create(rom);
                    ProcessFileHelper(newItem,
                        datItem,
                        basePath,
                        (Path.GetDirectoryName(Path.GetFullPath(item)) + Path.DirectorySeparatorChar).Remove(0, basePath.Length) + Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(item));
                });

                // Then, if we're looking for blanks, get all of the blank folders and add them
                if (addBlanks)
                {
                    List<string> empties = new List<string>();

                    // Now get all blank folders from the archive
                    if (archive != null)
                        empties = archive.GetEmptyFolders();

                    // Add add all of the found empties to the DAT
                    Parallel.ForEach(empties, Globals.ParallelOptions, empty =>
                    {
                        Rom emptyRom = new Rom(Path.Combine(empty, "_"), newItem);
                        ProcessFileHelper(newItem,
                            emptyRom,
                            basePath,
                            (Path.GetDirectoryName(Path.GetFullPath(item)) + Path.DirectorySeparatorChar).Remove(0, basePath.Length) + Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(item));
                    });
                }
            }

            // Cue to delete the file if it's a copy
            if (copyFiles && item != newItem)
                DirectoryExtensions.TryDelete(newBasePath);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Process a single file as a file
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="item">File to be added</param>
        /// <param name="parent">Parent game to be used</param>
        /// <param name="basePath">Path the represents the parent directory</param>
        /// <param name="omitFromScan">Hash flag saying what hashes should not be calculated</param>
        /// <param name="addDate">True if dates should be archived for all files, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="headerToCheckAgainst">Populated string representing the name of the skipper to use, a blank string to use the first available checker, null otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="chdsAsFiles">True if CHDs should be treated like regular files, false otherwise</param>
        private void ProcessFile(string item, string parent, string basePath, Hash omitFromScan,
            bool addDate, string headerToCheckAgainst, bool chdsAsFiles)
        {
            Globals.Logger.Verbose($"'{Path.GetFileName(item)}' treated like a file");
            BaseFile baseFile = FileExtensions.GetInfo(item, omitFromScan: omitFromScan, date: addDate, header: headerToCheckAgainst, chdsAsFiles: chdsAsFiles);
            ProcessFileHelper(item, DatItem.Create(baseFile), basePath, parent);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Process a single file as a file (with found Rom data)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="item">File to be added</param>
        /// <param name="item">Rom data to be used to write to file</param>
        /// <param name="basepath">Path the represents the parent directory</param>
        /// <param name="parent">Parent game to be used</param>
        private void ProcessFileHelper(string item, DatItem datItem, string basepath, string parent)
        {
            // If we somehow got something other than a Rom or Disk, cancel out
            if (datItem.ItemType != ItemType.Rom && datItem.ItemType != ItemType.Disk)
                return;

            try
            {
                // If the basepath doesn't end with a directory separator, add it
                if (!basepath.EndsWith(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar.ToString()))
                    basepath += Path.DirectorySeparatorChar.ToString();

                // Make sure we have the full item path
                item = Path.GetFullPath(item);

                // Process the item to sanitize names based on input
                SetDatItemInfo(datItem, item, parent, basepath);

                // Add the file information to the DAT
                string key = datItem.GetKey(BucketedBy.CRC);
                Items.Add(key, datItem);

                Globals.Logger.User($"File added: {datItem.Name}{Environment.NewLine}");
            }
            catch (IOException ex)
            {
                Globals.Logger.Error(ex.ToString());
                return;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Set proper Game and Rom names from user inputs
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="datItem">DatItem representing the input file</param>
        /// <param name="item">Item name to use</param>
        /// <param name="parent">Parent name to use</param>
        /// <param name="basepath">Base path to use</param>
        private void SetDatItemInfo(DatItem datItem, string item, string parent, string basepath)
        {
            // Get the data to be added as game and item names
            string gamename, romname;

            // If the parent is blank, then we have a non-archive file
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(parent))
            {
                // If we have a SuperDAT, we want anything that's not the base path as the game, and the file as the rom
                if (DatHeader.Type == "SuperDAT")
                {
                    gamename = Path.GetDirectoryName(item.Remove(0, basepath.Length));
                    romname = Path.GetFileName(item);
                }

                // Otherwise, we want just the top level folder as the game, and the file as everything else
                else
                {
                    gamename = item.Remove(0, basepath.Length).Split(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar)[0];
                    romname = item.Remove(0, (Path.Combine(basepath, gamename).Length));
                }
            }

            // Otherwise, we assume that we have an archive
            else
            {
                // If we have a SuperDAT, we want the archive name as the game, and the file as everything else (?)
                if (DatHeader.Type == "SuperDAT")
                {
                    gamename = parent;
                    romname = datItem.Name;
                }

                // Otherwise, we want the archive name as the game, and the file as everything else
                else
                {
                    gamename = parent;
                    romname = datItem.Name;
                }
            }

            // Sanitize the names
            gamename = gamename.Trim(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar);
            romname = romname?.Trim(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar) ?? string.Empty;

            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(gamename) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(romname))
            {
                romname = gamename;
                gamename = "Default";
            }

            // Update rom information
            datItem.Name = romname;
            datItem.MachineName = gamename;
            datItem.MachineDescription = gamename;

            // If we have a Disk, then the ".chd" extension needs to be removed
            if (datItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                datItem.Name = datItem.Name.Replace(".chd", string.Empty);
        }

        #endregion

        #region Rebuilding and Verifying

        /// <summary>
        /// Process the DAT and find all matches in input files and folders assuming they're a depot
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputs">List of input files/folders to check</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Output directory to use to build to</param>
        /// <param name="date">True if the date from the DAT should be used if available, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="delete">True if input files should be deleted, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="inverse">True if the DAT should be used as a filter instead of a template, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="outputFormat">Output format that files should be written to</param>
        /// <param name="updateDat">True if the updated DAT should be output, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="headerToCheckAgainst">Populated string representing the name of the skipper to use, a blank string to use the first available checker, null otherwise</param>
        /// <returns>True if rebuilding was a success, false otherwise</returns>
        public bool RebuildDepot(
            List<string> inputs,
            string outDir,
            bool date,
            bool delete,
            bool inverse,
            OutputFormat outputFormat,
            bool updateDat,
            string headerToCheckAgainst)
        {
            #region Perform setup

            // If the DAT is not populated and inverse is not set, inform the user and quit
            if (Items.TotalCount == 0 && !inverse)
            {
                Globals.Logger.User("No entries were found to rebuild, exiting...");
                return false;
            }

            // Check that the output directory exists
            outDir = DirectoryExtensions.Ensure(outDir, create: true);

            // Now we want to get forcepack flag if it's not overridden
            if (outputFormat == OutputFormat.Folder && DatHeader.ForcePacking != ForcePacking.None)
            {
                switch (DatHeader.ForcePacking)
                {
                    case ForcePacking.Zip:
                        outputFormat = OutputFormat.TorrentZip;
                        break;
                    case ForcePacking.Unzip:
                        outputFormat = OutputFormat.Folder;
                        break;
                }
            }

            // Preload the Skipper list
            Skipper.Init();

            #endregion

            bool success = true;

            #region Rebuild from depots in order

            string format = string.Empty;
            switch (outputFormat)
            {
                case OutputFormat.Folder:
                    format = "directory";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TapeArchive:
                    format = "TAR";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.Torrent7Zip:
                    format = "Torrent7Z";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TorrentGzip:
                case OutputFormat.TorrentGzipRomba:
                    format = "TorrentGZ";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TorrentLRZip:
                    format = "TorrentLRZ";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TorrentRar:
                    format = "TorrentRAR";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TorrentXZ:
                case OutputFormat.TorrentXZRomba:
                    format = "TorrentXZ";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TorrentZip:
                    format = "TorrentZip";
                    break;
            }

            InternalStopwatch watch = new InternalStopwatch($"Rebuilding all files to {format}");

            // Now loop through and get only directories from the input paths
            List<string> directories = new List<string>();
            Parallel.ForEach(inputs, Globals.ParallelOptions, input =>
            {
                // Add to the list if the input is a directory
                if (Directory.Exists(input))
                {
                    Globals.Logger.Verbose($"Adding depot: {input}");
                    lock (directories)
                    {
                        directories.Add(input);
                    }
                }
            });

            // If we don't have any directories, we want to exit
            if (directories.Count == 0)
                return success;

            // Now that we have a list of depots, we want to bucket the input DAT by SHA-1
            Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.SHA1, DedupeType.None);

            // Then we want to loop through each of the hashes and see if we can rebuild
            foreach (string hash in Items.Keys)
            {
                // Pre-empt any issues that could arise from string length
                if (hash.Length != Constants.SHA1Length)
                    continue;

                Globals.Logger.User($"Checking hash '{hash}'");

                // Get the extension path for the hash
                string subpath = PathExtensions.GetRombaPath(hash);

                // Find the first depot that includes the hash
                string foundpath = null;
                foreach (string directory in directories)
                {
                    if (File.Exists(Path.Combine(directory, subpath)))
                    {
                        foundpath = Path.Combine(directory, subpath);
                        break;
                    }
                }

                // If we didn't find a path, then we continue
                if (foundpath == null)
                    continue;

                // If we have a path, we want to try to get the rom information
                GZipArchive archive = new GZipArchive(foundpath);
                BaseFile fileinfo = archive.GetTorrentGZFileInfo();

                // If the file information is null, then we continue
                if (fileinfo == null)
                    continue;

                // Otherwise, we rebuild that file to all locations that we need to
                bool usedInternally;
                if (Items[hash][0].ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                    usedInternally = RebuildIndividualFile(new Disk(fileinfo), foundpath, outDir, date, inverse, outputFormat, updateDat, false /* isZip */, headerToCheckAgainst);
                else
                    usedInternally = RebuildIndividualFile(new Rom(fileinfo), foundpath, outDir, date, inverse, outputFormat, updateDat, false /* isZip */, headerToCheckAgainst);

                // If we are supposed to delete the depot file, do so
                if (delete && usedInternally)
                    FileExtensions.TryDelete(foundpath);
            }

            watch.Stop();

            #endregion

            // If we're updating the DAT, output to the rebuild directory
            if (updateDat)
            {
                DatHeader.FileName = $"fixDAT_{DatHeader.FileName}";
                DatHeader.Name = $"fixDAT_{DatHeader.Name}";
                DatHeader.Description = $"fixDAT_{DatHeader.Description}";
                Items.ClearMarked();
                Write(outDir);
            }

            return success;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Process the DAT and find all matches in input files and folders
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputs">List of input files/folders to check</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Output directory to use to build to</param>
        /// <param name="quickScan">True to enable external scanning of archives, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="date">True if the date from the DAT should be used if available, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="delete">True if input files should be deleted, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="inverse">True if the DAT should be used as a filter instead of a template, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="outputFormat">Output format that files should be written to</param>
        /// <param name="updateDat">True if the updated DAT should be output, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="headerToCheckAgainst">Populated string representing the name of the skipper to use, a blank string to use the first available checker, null otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="chdsAsFiles">True if CHDs should be treated like regular files, false otherwise</param>
        /// <returns>True if rebuilding was a success, false otherwise</returns>
        public bool RebuildGeneric(
            List<string> inputs,
            string outDir,
            bool quickScan,
            bool date,
            bool delete,
            bool inverse,
            OutputFormat outputFormat,
            bool updateDat,
            string headerToCheckAgainst,
            bool chdsAsFiles)
        {
            #region Perform setup

            // If the DAT is not populated and inverse is not set, inform the user and quit
            if (Items.TotalCount == 0 && !inverse)
            {
                Globals.Logger.User("No entries were found to rebuild, exiting...");
                return false;
            }

            // Check that the output directory exists
            if (!Directory.Exists(outDir))
            {
                Directory.CreateDirectory(outDir);
                outDir = Path.GetFullPath(outDir);
            }

            // Now we want to get forcepack flag if it's not overridden
            if (outputFormat == OutputFormat.Folder && DatHeader.ForcePacking != ForcePacking.None)
            {
                switch (DatHeader.ForcePacking)
                {
                    case ForcePacking.Zip:
                        outputFormat = OutputFormat.TorrentZip;
                        break;
                    case ForcePacking.Unzip:
                        outputFormat = OutputFormat.Folder;
                        break;
                }
            }

            // Preload the Skipper list
            Skipper.Init();

            #endregion

            bool success = true;

            #region Rebuild from sources in order

            string format = string.Empty;
            switch (outputFormat)
            {
                case OutputFormat.Folder:
                    format = "directory";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TapeArchive:
                    format = "TAR";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.Torrent7Zip:
                    format = "Torrent7Z";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TorrentGzip:
                case OutputFormat.TorrentGzipRomba:
                    format = "TorrentGZ";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TorrentLRZip:
                    format = "TorrentLRZ";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TorrentRar:
                    format = "TorrentRAR";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TorrentXZ:
                case OutputFormat.TorrentXZRomba:
                    format = "TorrentXZ";
                    break;
                case OutputFormat.TorrentZip:
                    format = "TorrentZip";
                    break;
            }

            InternalStopwatch watch = new InternalStopwatch($"Rebuilding all files to {format}");

            // Now loop through all of the files in all of the inputs
            foreach (string input in inputs)
            {
                // If the input is a file
                if (File.Exists(input))
                {
                    Globals.Logger.User($"Checking file: {input}");
                    RebuildGenericHelper(input, outDir, quickScan, date, delete, inverse, outputFormat, updateDat, headerToCheckAgainst, chdsAsFiles);
                }

                // If the input is a directory
                else if (Directory.Exists(input))
                {
                    Globals.Logger.Verbose($"Checking directory: {input}");
                    foreach (string file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(input, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
                    {
                        Globals.Logger.User($"Checking file: {file}");
                        RebuildGenericHelper(file, outDir, quickScan, date, delete, inverse, outputFormat, updateDat, headerToCheckAgainst, chdsAsFiles);
                    }
                }
            }

            watch.Stop();

            #endregion

            // If we're updating the DAT, output to the rebuild directory
            if (updateDat)
            {
                DatHeader.FileName = $"fixDAT_{DatHeader.FileName}";
                DatHeader.Name = $"fixDAT_{DatHeader.Name}";
                DatHeader.Description = $"fixDAT_{DatHeader.Description}";
                Items.ClearMarked();
                Write(outDir);
            }

            return success;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Attempt to add a file to the output if it matches
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="file">Name of the file to process</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Output directory to use to build to</param>
        /// <param name="quickScan">True to enable external scanning of archives, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="date">True if the date from the DAT should be used if available, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="delete">True if input files should be deleted, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="inverse">True if the DAT should be used as a filter instead of a template, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="outputFormat">Output format that files should be written to</param>
        /// <param name="updateDat">True if the updated DAT should be output, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="headerToCheckAgainst">Populated string representing the name of the skipper to use, a blank string to use the first available checker, null otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="chdsAsFiles">True if CHDs should be treated like regular files, false otherwise</param>
        private void RebuildGenericHelper(
            string file,
            string outDir,
            bool quickScan,
            bool date,
            bool delete,
            bool inverse,
            OutputFormat outputFormat,
            bool updateDat,
            string headerToCheckAgainst,
            bool chdsAsFiles)
        {
            // If we somehow have a null filename, return
            if (file == null)
                return;

            // Set the deletion variables
            bool usedExternally, usedInternally = false;

            // Scan the file externally

            // TODO: All instances of Hash.DeepHashes should be made into 0x0 eventually
            BaseFile externalFileInfo = FileExtensions.GetInfo(file, omitFromScan: (quickScan ? Hash.SecureHashes : Hash.DeepHashes),
                header: headerToCheckAgainst, chdsAsFiles: chdsAsFiles);

            DatItem externalDatItem = null;
            if (externalFileInfo.Type == FileType.CHD)
                externalDatItem = new Disk(externalFileInfo);
            else if (externalFileInfo.Type == FileType.None)
                externalDatItem = new Rom(externalFileInfo);

            usedExternally = RebuildIndividualFile(externalDatItem, file, outDir, date, inverse, outputFormat,
                updateDat, null /* isZip */, headerToCheckAgainst);

            // Scan the file internally

            // Create an empty list of BaseFile for archive entries
            List<BaseFile> entries = null;

            // Get the TGZ status for later
            GZipArchive tgz = new GZipArchive(file);
            bool isTorrentGzip = tgz.IsTorrent();

            // Get the base archive first
            BaseArchive archive = BaseArchive.Create(file);

            // Now get all extracted items from the archive
            if (archive != null)
            {
                // TODO: All instances of Hash.DeepHashes should be made into 0x0 eventually
                entries = archive.GetChildren(omitFromScan: (quickScan ? Hash.SecureHashes : Hash.DeepHashes), date: date);
            }

            // If the entries list is null, we encountered an error and should scan exteranlly
            if (entries == null && File.Exists(file))
            {
                // TODO: All instances of Hash.DeepHashes should be made into 0x0 eventually
                BaseFile internalFileInfo = FileExtensions.GetInfo(file, omitFromScan: (quickScan ? Hash.SecureHashes : Hash.DeepHashes), chdsAsFiles: chdsAsFiles);

                DatItem internalDatItem = null;
                if (internalFileInfo.Type == FileType.CHD)
                    internalDatItem = new Disk(internalFileInfo);
                else if (internalFileInfo.Type == FileType.None)
                    internalDatItem = new Rom(internalFileInfo);

                usedExternally = RebuildIndividualFile(internalDatItem, file, outDir, date, inverse, outputFormat, updateDat, null /* isZip */, headerToCheckAgainst);
            }
            // Otherwise, loop through the entries and try to match
            else
            {
                foreach (BaseFile entry in entries)
                {
                    DatItem internalDatItem = DatItem.Create(entry);
                    usedInternally |= RebuildIndividualFile(internalDatItem, file, outDir, date, inverse, outputFormat, updateDat, !isTorrentGzip /* isZip */, headerToCheckAgainst);
                }
            }

            // If we are supposed to delete the file, do so
            if (delete && (usedExternally || usedInternally))
                FileExtensions.TryDelete(file);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Find duplicates and rebuild individual files to output
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="datItem">Information for the current file to rebuild from</param>
        /// <param name="file">Name of the file to process</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Output directory to use to build to</param>
        /// <param name="date">True if the date from the DAT should be used if available, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="inverse">True if the DAT should be used as a filter instead of a template, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="outputFormat">Output format that files should be written to</param>
        /// <param name="updateDat">True if the updated DAT should be output, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="isZip">True if the input file is an archive, false if the file is TGZ, null otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="headerToCheckAgainst">Populated string representing the name of the skipper to use, a blank string to use the first available checker, null otherwise</param>
        /// <returns>True if the file was able to be rebuilt, false otherwise</returns>
        private bool RebuildIndividualFile(
            DatItem datItem,
            string file,
            string outDir,
            bool date,
            bool inverse,
            OutputFormat outputFormat,
            bool updateDat,
            bool? isZip,
            string headerToCheckAgainst)
        {
            // Set the initial output value
            bool rebuilt = false;

            // If the DatItem is a Disk, force rebuilding to a folder except if TGZ or TXZ
            if (datItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk
                && !(outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentGzip || outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentGzipRomba)
                && !(outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentXZ || outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentXZRomba))
            {
                outputFormat = OutputFormat.Folder;
            }

            // If we have a disk, change it into a Rom for later use
            if (datItem.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                datItem = ((Disk)datItem).ConvertToRom();

            // Prepopluate a few key strings
            string crc = ((Rom)datItem).CRC ?? string.Empty;
            string sha1 = ((Rom)datItem).SHA1 ?? string.Empty;

            // Find if the file has duplicates in the DAT
            List<DatItem> dupes = Items.GetDuplicates(datItem, remove: updateDat);
            bool hasDuplicates = dupes.Count > 0;

            // If either we have duplicates or we're filtering
            if (hasDuplicates ^ inverse)
            {
                // If we have a very specific TGZ->TGZ case, just copy it accordingly
                GZipArchive tgz = new GZipArchive(file);
                BaseFile tgzRom = tgz.GetTorrentGZFileInfo();
                if (isZip == false && tgzRom != null && (outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentGzip || outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentGzipRomba))
                {
                    Globals.Logger.User($"Matches found for '{Path.GetFileName(datItem.Name)}', rebuilding accordingly...");

                    // Get the proper output path
                    if (outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentGzipRomba)
                        outDir = Path.Combine(outDir, PathExtensions.GetRombaPath(sha1));
                    else
                        outDir = Path.Combine(outDir, sha1 + ".gz");

                    // Make sure the output folder is created
                    Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(outDir));

                    // Now copy the file over
                    try
                    {
                        File.Copy(file, outDir);
                        return true;
                    }
                    catch
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }

                // If we have a very specific TXZ->TXZ case, just copy it accordingly
                XZArchive txz = new XZArchive(file);
                BaseFile txzRom = txz.GetTorrentXZFileInfo();
                if (isZip == false && txzRom != null && (outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentXZ || outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentXZRomba))
                {
                    Globals.Logger.User($"Matches found for '{Path.GetFileName(datItem.Name)}', rebuilding accordingly...");

                    // Get the proper output path
                    if (outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentGzipRomba)
                        outDir = Path.Combine(outDir, PathExtensions.GetRombaPath(sha1));
                    else
                        outDir = Path.Combine(outDir, sha1 + ".xz");

                    // Make sure the output folder is created
                    Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(outDir));

                    // Now copy the file over
                    try
                    {
                        File.Copy(file, outDir);
                        return true;
                    }
                    catch
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }

                // Get a generic stream for the file
                Stream fileStream = new MemoryStream();

                // If we have a zipfile, extract the stream to memory
                if (isZip != null)
                {
                    BaseArchive archive = BaseArchive.Create(file);
                    if (archive != null)
                        (fileStream, _) = archive.CopyToStream(datItem.Name);
                }
                // Otherwise, just open the filestream
                else
                {
                    fileStream = FileExtensions.TryOpenRead(file);
                }

                // If the stream is null, then continue
                if (fileStream == null)
                    return false;

                // Seek to the beginning of the stream
                if (fileStream.CanSeek)
                    fileStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);

                // If we are inverse, create an output to rebuild to
                if (inverse)
                {
                    string machinename = null;

                    // Get the item from the current file
                    Rom item = new Rom(fileStream.GetInfo(keepReadOpen: true));
                    item.MachineName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(item.Name);
                    item.MachineDescription = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(item.Name);

                    // If we are coming from an archive, set the correct machine name
                    if (machinename != null)
                    {
                        item.MachineName = machinename;
                        item.MachineDescription = machinename;
                    }

                    dupes.Add(item);
                }

                Globals.Logger.User($"{(inverse ? "No matches" : "Matches")} found for '{Path.GetFileName(datItem.Name)}', rebuilding accordingly...");
                rebuilt = true;

                // Now loop through the list and rebuild accordingly
                foreach (DatItem item in dupes)
                {
                    // Get the output archive, if possible
                    Folder outputArchive = Folder.Create(outputFormat);

                    // Now rebuild to the output file
                    outputArchive.Write(fileStream, outDir, (Rom)item, date: date, romba: outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentGzipRomba || outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentXZRomba);
                }

                // Close the input stream
                fileStream?.Dispose();
            }

            // Now we want to take care of headers, if applicable
            if (headerToCheckAgainst != null)
            {
                // Get a generic stream for the file
                Stream fileStream = new MemoryStream();

                // If we have a zipfile, extract the stream to memory
                if (isZip != null)
                {
                    BaseArchive archive = BaseArchive.Create(file);
                    if (archive != null)
                        (fileStream, _) = archive.CopyToStream(datItem.Name);
                }
                // Otherwise, just open the filestream
                else
                {
                    fileStream = FileExtensions.TryOpenRead(file);
                }

                // If the stream is null, then continue
                if (fileStream == null)
                    return false;

                // Check to see if we have a matching header first
                SkipperRule rule = Skipper.GetMatchingRule(fileStream, Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(headerToCheckAgainst));

                // If there's a match, create the new file to write
                if (rule.Tests != null && rule.Tests.Count != 0)
                {
                    // If the file could be transformed correctly
                    MemoryStream transformStream = new MemoryStream();
                    if (rule.TransformStream(fileStream, transformStream, keepReadOpen: true, keepWriteOpen: true))
                    {
                        // Get the file informations that we will be using
                        Rom headerless = new Rom(transformStream.GetInfo(keepReadOpen: true));

                        // Find if the file has duplicates in the DAT
                        dupes = Items.GetDuplicates(headerless, remove: updateDat);
                        hasDuplicates = dupes.Count > 0;

                        // If it has duplicates and we're not filtering, rebuild it
                        if (hasDuplicates && !inverse)
                        {
                            Globals.Logger.User($"Headerless matches found for '{Path.GetFileName(datItem.Name)}', rebuilding accordingly...");
                            rebuilt = true;

                            // Now loop through the list and rebuild accordingly
                            foreach (DatItem item in dupes)
                            {
                                // Create a headered item to use as well
                                datItem.CopyMachineInformation(item);
                                datItem.Name += $"_{crc}";

                                // If either copy succeeds, then we want to set rebuilt to true
                                bool eitherSuccess = false;

                                // Get the output archive, if possible
                                Folder outputArchive = Folder.Create(outputFormat);

                                // Now rebuild to the output file
                                eitherSuccess |= outputArchive.Write(transformStream, outDir, (Rom)item, date: date, romba: outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentGzipRomba || outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentXZRomba);
                                eitherSuccess |= outputArchive.Write(fileStream, outDir, (Rom)datItem, date: date, romba: outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentGzipRomba || outputFormat == OutputFormat.TorrentXZRomba);

                                // Now add the success of either rebuild
                                rebuilt &= eitherSuccess;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    // Dispose of the stream
                    transformStream?.Dispose();
                }

                // Dispose of the stream
                fileStream?.Dispose();
            }

            return rebuilt;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Process the DAT and verify from the depots
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputs">List of input directories to compare against</param>
        /// <returns>True if verification was a success, false otherwise</returns>
        public bool VerifyDepot(List<string> inputs)
        {
            bool success = true;

            InternalStopwatch watch = new InternalStopwatch("Verifying all from supplied depots");

            // Now loop through and get only directories from the input paths
            List<string> directories = new List<string>();
            foreach (string input in inputs)
            {
                // Add to the list if the input is a directory
                if (Directory.Exists(input))
                {
                    Globals.Logger.Verbose($"Adding depot: {input}");
                    directories.Add(input);
                }
            }

            // If we don't have any directories, we want to exit
            if (directories.Count == 0)
                return success;

            // Now that we have a list of depots, we want to bucket the input DAT by SHA-1
            Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.SHA1, DedupeType.None);

            // Then we want to loop through each of the hashes and see if we can rebuild
            foreach (string hash in Items.Keys)
            {
                // Pre-empt any issues that could arise from string length
                if (hash.Length != Constants.SHA1Length)
                    continue;

                Globals.Logger.User($"Checking hash '{hash}'");

                // Get the extension path for the hash
                string subpath = PathExtensions.GetRombaPath(hash);

                // Find the first depot that includes the hash
                string foundpath = null;
                foreach (string directory in directories)
                {
                    if (File.Exists(Path.Combine(directory, subpath)))
                    {
                        foundpath = Path.Combine(directory, subpath);
                        break;
                    }
                }

                // If we didn't find a path, then we continue
                if (foundpath == null)
                    continue;

                // If we have a path, we want to try to get the rom information
                GZipArchive tgz = new GZipArchive(foundpath);
                BaseFile fileinfo = tgz.GetTorrentGZFileInfo();

                // If the file information is null, then we continue
                if (fileinfo == null)
                    continue;

                // Now we want to remove all duplicates from the DAT
                Items.GetDuplicates(new Rom(fileinfo), remove: true)
                    .AddRange(Items.GetDuplicates(new Disk(fileinfo), remove: true));
            }

            watch.Stop();

            // If there are any entries in the DAT, output to the rebuild directory
            DatHeader.FileName = $"fixDAT_{DatHeader.FileName}";
            DatHeader.Name = $"fixDAT_{DatHeader.Name}";
            DatHeader.Description = $"fixDAT_{DatHeader.Description}";
            Items.ClearMarked();
            Write();

            return success;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Process the DAT and verify the output directory
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputs">List of input directories to compare against</param>
        /// <param name="hashOnly">True if only hashes should be checked, false for full file information</param>
        /// <param name="quickScan">True to enable external scanning of archives, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="headerToCheckAgainst">Populated string representing the name of the skipper to use, a blank string to use the first available checker, null otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="chdsAsFiles">True if CHDs should be treated like regular files, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="filter">Filter object to be passed to the DatItem level</param>
        /// <returns>True if verification was a success, false otherwise</returns>
        public bool VerifyGeneric(List<string> inputs, bool hashOnly, bool quickScan, string headerToCheckAgainst, bool chdsAsFiles, Filter filter)
        {
            // TODO: We want the cross section of what's the folder and what's in the DAT. Right now, it just has what's in the DAT that's not in the folder
            bool success = true;

            // Then, loop through and check each of the inputs
            Globals.Logger.User("Processing files:\n");
            foreach (string input in inputs)
            {
                // TODO: All instances of Hash.DeepHashes should be made into 0x0 eventually
                PopulateFromDir(input, (quickScan ? Hash.SecureHashes : Hash.DeepHashes) /* omitFromScan */, true /* bare */, false /* archivesAsFiles */,
                    SkipFileType.None, false /* addBlanks */, false /* addDate */, string.Empty /* tempDir */, false /* copyFiles */, headerToCheckAgainst, chdsAsFiles, filter);
            }

            // Setup the fixdat
            DatFile matched = Create(DatHeader);
            matched.Items = new ItemDictionary();
            matched.DatHeader.FileName = $"fixDat_{matched.DatHeader.FileName}";
            matched.DatHeader.Name = $"fixDat_{matched.DatHeader.Name}";
            matched.DatHeader.Description = $"fixDat_{matched.DatHeader.Description}";
            matched.DatHeader.DatFormat = DatFormat.Logiqx;

            // If we are checking hashes only, essentially diff the inputs
            if (hashOnly)
            {
                // First we need to bucket and dedupe by hash to get duplicates
                Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.CRC, DedupeType.Full);

                // Then follow the same tactics as before
                foreach (string key in Items.Keys)
                {
                    List<DatItem> roms = Items[key];
                    foreach (DatItem rom in roms)
                    {
                        if (rom.IndexId == 99)
                        {
                            if (rom.ItemType == ItemType.Disk || rom.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                                matched.Items.Add(((Disk)rom).SHA1, rom);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            // If we are checking full names, get only files found in directory
            else
            {
                foreach (string key in Items.Keys)
                {
                    List<DatItem> roms = Items[key];
                    List<DatItem> newroms = DatItem.Merge(roms);
                    foreach (Rom rom in newroms)
                    {
                        if (rom.IndexId == 99)
                            matched.Items.Add($"{rom.Size}-{rom.CRC}", rom);
                    }
                }
            }

            // Now output the fixdat to the main folder
            Items.ClearMarked();
            success &= matched.Write(stats: true);

            return success;
        }

        #endregion

        // TODO: Implement Level split
        #region Splitting

        /// <summary>
        /// Split a set of input DATs based on the given information
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputs">List of inputs to be used</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Output directory for the split files</param>
        /// <param name="inplace">True if files should be written to the source folders, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="splittingMode">Type of split to perform, if any</param>
        /// <param name="exta">First extension to split on (Extension Split only)</param>
        /// <param name="extb">Second extension to split on (Extension Split only)</param>
        /// <param name="shortname">True if short filenames should be used, false otherwise (Level Split only)</param>
        /// <param name="basedat">True if original filenames should be used as the base for output filename, false otherwise (Level Split only)</param>
        /// <param name="radix">Long value representing the split point (Size Split only)</param>
        public void DetermineSplitType(List<string> inputs, string outDir, bool inplace, SplittingMode splittingMode,
            List<string> exta, List<string> extb, bool shortname, bool basedat, long radix)
        {
            // If we somehow have the "none" split type, return
            if (splittingMode == SplittingMode.None)
                return;

            // Get only files from the inputs
            List<ParentablePath> files = DirectoryExtensions.GetFilesOnly(inputs, appendparent: true);

            // Loop over the input files
            foreach (ParentablePath file in files)
            {
                // Create and fill the new DAT
                Parse(file);

                // Get the output directory
                outDir = file.GetOutputPath(outDir, inplace);

                // Split and write the DAT
                if (splittingMode.HasFlag(SplittingMode.Extension))
                    SplitByExtension(outDir, exta, extb);

                if (splittingMode.HasFlag(SplittingMode.Hash))
                    SplitByHash(outDir);

                if (splittingMode.HasFlag(SplittingMode.Level))
                    SplitByLevel(outDir, shortname, basedat);

                if (splittingMode.HasFlag(SplittingMode.Size))
                    SplitBySize(outDir, radix);

                if (splittingMode.HasFlag(SplittingMode.Type))
                    SplitByType(outDir);

                // Now re-empty the DAT to make room for the next one
                DatFormat tempFormat = DatHeader.DatFormat;
                DatHeader = new DatHeader();
                Items = new ItemDictionary();
                DatHeader.DatFormat = tempFormat;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Split a DAT by input extensions
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="outDir">Name of the directory to write the DATs out to</param>
        /// <param name="extA">List of extensions to split on (first DAT)</param>
        /// <param name="extB">List of extensions to split on (second DAT)</param>
        /// <returns>True if split succeeded, false otherwise</returns>
        private bool SplitByExtension(string outDir, List<string> extA, List<string> extB)
        {
            // If roms is empty, return false
            if (Items.TotalCount == 0)
                return false;

            // Make sure all of the extensions don't have a dot at the beginning
            var newExtA = extA.Select(s => s.TrimStart('.').ToLowerInvariant());
            string newExtAString = string.Join(",", newExtA);

            var newExtB = extB.Select(s => s.TrimStart('.').ToLowerInvariant());
            string newExtBString = string.Join(",", newExtB);

            // Set all of the appropriate outputs for each of the subsets
            DatFile datdataA = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            datdataA.DatHeader.FileName += $" ({newExtAString})";
            datdataA.DatHeader.Name += $" ({newExtAString})";
            datdataA.DatHeader.Description += $" ({newExtAString})";

            DatFile datdataB = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            datdataB.DatHeader.FileName += $" ({newExtBString})";
            datdataB.DatHeader.Name += $" ({newExtBString})";
            datdataB.DatHeader.Description += $" ({newExtBString})";

            // Now separate the roms accordingly
            Parallel.ForEach(Items.Keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, key =>
            {
                List<DatItem> items = Items[key];
                foreach (DatItem item in items)
                {
                    if (newExtA.Contains(PathExtensions.GetNormalizedExtension(item.Name)))
                    {
                        datdataA.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
                    else if (newExtB.Contains(PathExtensions.GetNormalizedExtension(item.Name)))
                    {
                        datdataB.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        datdataA.Items.Add(key, item);
                        datdataB.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
                }
            });

            // Then write out both files
            bool success = datdataA.Write(outDir);
            success &= datdataB.Write(outDir);

            return success;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Split a DAT by best available hashes
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="outDir">Name of the directory to write the DATs out to</param>
        /// <returns>True if split succeeded, false otherwise</returns>
        private bool SplitByHash(string outDir)
        {
            // Create each of the respective output DATs
            Globals.Logger.User("Creating and populating new DATs");

            DatFile nodump = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            nodump.DatHeader.FileName += " (Nodump)";
            nodump.DatHeader.Name += " (Nodump)";
            nodump.DatHeader.Description += " (Nodump)";

            DatFile sha512 = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            sha512.DatHeader.FileName += " (SHA-512)";
            sha512.DatHeader.Name += " (SHA-512)";
            sha512.DatHeader.Description += " (SHA-512)";

            DatFile sha384 = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            sha384.DatHeader.FileName += " (SHA-384)";
            sha384.DatHeader.Name += " (SHA-384)";
            sha384.DatHeader.Description += " (SHA-384)";

            DatFile sha256 = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            sha256.DatHeader.FileName += " (SHA-256)";
            sha256.DatHeader.Name += " (SHA-256)";
            sha256.DatHeader.Description += " (SHA-256)";

            DatFile sha1 = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            sha1.DatHeader.FileName += " (SHA-1)";
            sha1.DatHeader.Name += " (SHA-1)";
            sha1.DatHeader.Description += " (SHA-1)";

#if NET_FRAMEWORK
            DatFile ripemd160 = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            ripemd160.DatHeader.FileName += " (RIPEMD160)";
            ripemd160.DatHeader.Name += " (RIPEMD160)";
            ripemd160.DatHeader.Description += " (RIPEMD160)";
#endif

            DatFile md5 = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            md5.DatHeader.FileName += " (MD5)";
            md5.DatHeader.Name += " (MD5)";
            md5.DatHeader.Description += " (MD5)";

            DatFile crc = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            crc.DatHeader.FileName += " (CRC)";
            crc.DatHeader.Name += " (CRC)";
            crc.DatHeader.Description += " (CRC)";

            DatFile other = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            other.DatHeader.FileName += " (Other)";
            other.DatHeader.Name += " (Other)";
            other.DatHeader.Description += " (Other)";

            // Now populate each of the DAT objects in turn
            Parallel.ForEach(Items.Keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, key =>
            {
                List<DatItem> items = Items[key];
                foreach (DatItem item in items)
                {
                    // If the file is not a Rom or Disk, continue
                    if (item.ItemType != ItemType.Disk && item.ItemType != ItemType.Rom)
                        return;

                    // If the file is a nodump
                    if ((item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom && ((Rom)item).ItemStatus == ItemStatus.Nodump)
                        || (item.ItemType == ItemType.Disk && ((Disk)item).ItemStatus == ItemStatus.Nodump))
                    {
                        nodump.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
                    // If the file has a SHA-512
                    else if ((item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Rom)item).SHA512))
                        || (item.ItemType == ItemType.Disk && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Disk)item).SHA512)))
                    {
                        sha512.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
                    // If the file has a SHA-384
                    else if ((item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Rom)item).SHA384))
                        || (item.ItemType == ItemType.Disk && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Disk)item).SHA384)))
                    {
                        sha384.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
                    // If the file has a SHA-256
                    else if ((item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Rom)item).SHA256))
                        || (item.ItemType == ItemType.Disk && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Disk)item).SHA256)))
                    {
                        sha256.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
                    // If the file has a SHA-1
                    else if ((item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Rom)item).SHA1))
                        || (item.ItemType == ItemType.Disk && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Disk)item).SHA1)))
                    {
                        sha1.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
#if NET_FRAMEWORK
                    // If the file has a RIPEMD160
                    else if ((item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Rom)item).RIPEMD160))
                        || (item.ItemType == ItemType.Disk && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Disk)item).RIPEMD160)))
                    {
                        ripemd160.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
#endif
                    // If the file has an MD5
                    else if ((item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Rom)item).MD5))
                        || (item.ItemType == ItemType.Disk && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Disk)item).MD5)))
                    {
                        md5.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
                    // If the file has a CRC
                    else if ((item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(((Rom)item).CRC)))
                    {
                        crc.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        other.Items.Add(key, item);
                    }
                }
            });

            // Now, output all of the files to the output directory
            Globals.Logger.User("DAT information created, outputting new files");
            bool success = true;
            success &= nodump.Write(outDir);
            success &= sha512.Write(outDir);
            success &= sha384.Write(outDir);
            success &= sha256.Write(outDir);
            success &= sha1.Write(outDir);
#if NET_FRAMEWORK
            success &= ripemd160.Write(outDir);
#endif
            success &= md5.Write(outDir);
            success &= crc.Write(outDir);

            return success;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Split a SuperDAT by lowest available directory level
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="outDir">Name of the directory to write the DATs out to</param>
        /// <param name="shortname">True if short names should be used, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="basedat">True if original filenames should be used as the base for output filename, false otherwise</param>
        /// <returns>True if split succeeded, false otherwise</returns>
        private bool SplitByLevel(string outDir, bool shortname, bool basedat)
        {
            // First, bucket by games so that we can do the right thing
            Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.Game, DedupeType.None, lower: false, norename: true);

            // Create a temporary DAT to add things to
            DatFile tempDat = Create(DatHeader);
            tempDat.DatHeader.Name = null;

            // Sort the input keys
            List<string> keys = Items.Keys.ToList();
            keys.Sort(SplitByLevelSort);

            // Then, we loop over the games
            Parallel.ForEach(keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, key =>
            {
                // Here, the key is the name of the game to be used for comparison
                if (tempDat.DatHeader.Name != null && tempDat.DatHeader.Name != Path.GetDirectoryName(key))
                {
                    // Reset the DAT for the next items
                    tempDat = Create(DatHeader);
                    tempDat.DatHeader.Name = null;
                }

                // Clean the input list and set all games to be pathless
                List<DatItem> items = Items[key];
                items.ForEach(item => item.MachineName = Path.GetFileName(item.MachineName));
                items.ForEach(item => item.MachineDescription = Path.GetFileName(item.MachineDescription));

                // Now add the game to the output DAT
                tempDat.Items.AddRange(key, items);

                // Then set the DAT name to be the parent directory name
                tempDat.DatHeader.Name = Path.GetDirectoryName(key);
            });

            return true;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Helper function for SplitByLevel to sort the input game names
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="a">First string to compare</param>
        /// <param name="b">Second string to compare</param>
        /// <returns>-1 for a coming before b, 0 for a == b, 1 for a coming after b</returns>
        private int SplitByLevelSort(string a, string b)
        {
            NaturalComparer nc = new NaturalComparer();
            int adeep = a.Count(c => c == '/' || c == '\\');
            int bdeep = b.Count(c => c == '/' || c == '\\');

            if (adeep == bdeep)
                return nc.Compare(a, b);

            return adeep - bdeep;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Helper function for SplitByLevel to clean and write out a DAT
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="datFile">DAT to clean and write out</param>
        /// <param name="outDir">Directory to write out to</param>
        /// <param name="shortname">True if short naming scheme should be used, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="restore">True if original filenames should be used as the base for output filename, false otherwise</param>
        private void SplitByLevelHelper(DatFile datFile, string outDir, bool shortname, bool restore)
        {
            // Get the name from the DAT to use separately
            string name = datFile.DatHeader.Name;
            string expName = name.Replace("/", " - ").Replace("\\", " - ");

            // Now set the new output values
            datFile.DatHeader.FileName = WebUtility.HtmlDecode(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name)
                ? DatHeader.FileName
                : (shortname
                    ? Path.GetFileName(name)
                    : expName
                    )
                );
            datFile.DatHeader.FileName = (restore ? $"{DatHeader.FileName} ({datFile.DatHeader.FileName})" : datFile.DatHeader.FileName);
            datFile.DatHeader.Name = $"{DatHeader.Name} ({expName})";
            datFile.DatHeader.Description = (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description) ? datFile.DatHeader.Name : $"{DatHeader.Description} ({expName})");
            datFile.DatHeader.Type = null;

            // Write out the temporary DAT to the proper directory
            datFile.Write(outDir);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Split a DAT by size of Rom
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="outDir">Name of the directory to write the DATs out to</param>
        /// <param name="radix">Long value representing the split point</param>
        /// <returns>True if split succeeded, false otherwise</returns>
        private bool SplitBySize(string outDir, long radix)
        {
            // Create each of the respective output DATs
            Globals.Logger.User("Creating and populating new DATs");

            DatFile lessDat = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            lessDat.DatHeader.FileName += $" (less than {radix})";
            lessDat.DatHeader.Name += $" (less than {radix})";
            lessDat.DatHeader.Description += $" (less than {radix})";

            DatFile greaterEqualDat = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            greaterEqualDat.DatHeader.FileName += $" (equal-greater than {radix})";
            greaterEqualDat.DatHeader.Name += $" (equal-greater than {radix})";
            greaterEqualDat.DatHeader.Description += $" (equal-greater than {radix})";

            // Now populate each of the DAT objects in turn
            Parallel.ForEach(Items.Keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, key =>
            {
                List<DatItem> items = Items[key];
                foreach (DatItem item in items)
                {
                    // If the file is not a Rom, it automatically goes in the "lesser" dat
                    if (item.ItemType != ItemType.Rom)
                        lessDat.Items.Add(key, item);

                    // If the file is a Rom and less than the radix, put it in the "lesser" dat
                    else if (item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom && ((Rom)item).Size < radix)
                        lessDat.Items.Add(key, item);

                    // If the file is a Rom and greater than or equal to the radix, put it in the "greater" dat
                    else if (item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom && ((Rom)item).Size >= radix)
                        greaterEqualDat.Items.Add(key, item);
                }
            });

            // Now, output all of the files to the output directory
            Globals.Logger.User("DAT information created, outputting new files");
            bool success = true;
            success &= lessDat.Write(outDir);
            success &= greaterEqualDat.Write(outDir);

            return success;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Split a DAT by type of DatItem
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="outDir">Name of the directory to write the DATs out to</param>
        /// <returns>True if split succeeded, false otherwise</returns>
        private bool SplitByType(string outDir)
        {
            // Create each of the respective output DATs
            Globals.Logger.User("Creating and populating new DATs");

            DatFile romdat = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            romdat.DatHeader.FileName += " (ROM)";
            romdat.DatHeader.Name += " (ROM)";
            romdat.DatHeader.Description += " (ROM)";

            DatFile diskdat = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            diskdat.DatHeader.FileName += " (Disk)";
            diskdat.DatHeader.Name += " (Disk)";
            diskdat.DatHeader.Description += " (Disk)";

            DatFile sampledat = Create(DatHeader.CloneStandard());
            sampledat.DatHeader.FileName += " (Sample)";
            sampledat.DatHeader.Name += " (Sample)";
            sampledat.DatHeader.Description += " (Sample)";

            // Now populate each of the DAT objects in turn
            Parallel.ForEach(Items.Keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, key =>
            {
                List<DatItem> items = Items[key];
                foreach (DatItem item in items)
                {
                    // If the file is a Rom
                    if (item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                        romdat.Items.Add(key, item);

                    // If the file is a Disk
                    else if (item.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                        diskdat.Items.Add(key, item);

                    // If the file is a Sample
                    else if (item.ItemType == ItemType.Sample)
                        sampledat.Items.Add(key, item);
                }
            });

            // Now, output all of the files to the output directory
            Globals.Logger.User("DAT information created, outputting new files");
            bool success = true;
            success &= romdat.Write(outDir);
            success &= diskdat.Write(outDir);
            success &= sampledat.Write(outDir);

            return success;
        }

        #endregion

        #region Writing

        /// <summary>
        /// Create and open an output file for writing direct from a dictionary
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="outDir">Set the output directory (default current directory)</param>
        /// <param name="norename">True if games should only be compared on game and file name (default), false if system and source are counted</param>
        /// <param name="stats">True if DAT statistics should be output on write, false otherwise (default)</param>
        /// <param name="ignoreblanks">True if blank roms should be skipped on output, false otherwise (default)</param>
        /// <param name="overwrite">True if files should be overwritten (default), false if they should be renamed instead</param>
        /// <returns>True if the DAT was written correctly, false otherwise</returns>
        public bool Write(string outDir = null, bool norename = true, bool stats = false, bool ignoreblanks = false, bool overwrite = true)
        {
            // If there's nothing there, abort
            if (Items.TotalCount == 0)
            {
                Globals.Logger.User("There were no items to write out!");
                return false;
            }

            // Ensure the output directory is set and created
            outDir = DirectoryExtensions.Ensure(outDir, create: true);

            // If the DAT has no output format, default to XML
            if (DatHeader.DatFormat == 0)
            {
                Globals.Logger.Verbose("No DAT format defined, defaulting to XML");
                DatHeader.DatFormat = DatFormat.Logiqx;
            }

            // Make sure that the three essential fields are filled in
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.FileName) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
            {
                DatHeader.FileName = DatHeader.Name = DatHeader.Description = "Default";
            }
            else if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.FileName) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
            {
                DatHeader.FileName = DatHeader.Name = DatHeader.Description;
            }
            else if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.FileName) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
            {
                DatHeader.FileName = DatHeader.Description = DatHeader.Name;
            }
            else if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.FileName) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
            {
                DatHeader.FileName = DatHeader.Description;
            }
            else if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.FileName) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
            {
                DatHeader.Name = DatHeader.Description = DatHeader.FileName;
            }
            else if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.FileName) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
            {
                DatHeader.Name = DatHeader.Description;
            }
            else if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.FileName) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
            {
                DatHeader.Description = DatHeader.Name;
            }
            else if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.FileName) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Name) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.Description))
            {
                // Nothing is needed
            }

            // Output initial statistics, for kicks
            if (stats)
            {
                if (Items.RomCount + Items.DiskCount == 0)
                    Items.RecalculateStats();

                Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.Game, DedupeType.None, norename: true);

                var consoleOutput = BaseReport.Create(StatReportFormat.None, null, true, true);
                consoleOutput.ReplaceStatistics(DatHeader.FileName, Items.Keys.Count(), Items);
            }

            // Bucket and dedupe according to the flag
            if (DatHeader.DedupeRoms == DedupeType.Full)
                Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.CRC, DatHeader.DedupeRoms, norename: norename);
            else if (DatHeader.DedupeRoms == DedupeType.Game)
                Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.Game, DatHeader.DedupeRoms, norename: norename);

            // Bucket roms by game name, if not already
            Items.BucketBy(BucketedBy.Game, DedupeType.None, norename: norename);

            // Output the number of items we're going to be writing
            Globals.Logger.User($"A total of {Items.TotalCount} items will be written out to '{DatHeader.FileName}'");

            // Get the outfile names
            Dictionary<DatFormat, string> outfiles = DatHeader.CreateOutFileNames(outDir, overwrite);

            try
            {
                // Write out all required formats
                Parallel.ForEach(outfiles.Keys, Globals.ParallelOptions, datFormat =>
                {
                    string outfile = outfiles[datFormat];
                    try
                    {
                        Create(datFormat, this)?.WriteToFile(outfile, ignoreblanks);
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        Globals.Logger.Error($"Datfile {outfile} could not be written out: {ex}");
                    }

                });
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Globals.Logger.Error(ex.ToString());
                return false;
            }

            return true;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Create and open an output file for writing direct from a dictionary
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="outfile">Name of the file to write to</param>
        /// <param name="ignoreblanks">True if blank roms should be skipped on output, false otherwise (default)</param>
        /// <returns>True if the DAT was written correctly, false otherwise</returns>
        public abstract bool WriteToFile(string outfile, bool ignoreblanks = false);

        /// <summary>
        /// Process an item and correctly set the item name
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="item">DatItem to update</param>
        /// <param name="forceRemoveQuotes">True if the Quotes flag should be ignored, false otherwise</param>
        /// <param name="forceRomName">True if the UseRomName should be always on (default), false otherwise</param>
        protected void ProcessItemName(DatItem item, bool forceRemoveQuotes, bool forceRomName = true)
        {
            string name = item.Name;

            // Backup relevant values and set new ones accordingly
            bool quotesBackup = DatHeader.Quotes;
            bool useRomNameBackup = DatHeader.UseRomName;
            if (forceRemoveQuotes)
                DatHeader.Quotes = false;

            if (forceRomName)
                DatHeader.UseRomName = true;

            // Create the proper Prefix and Postfix
            string pre = CreatePrefixPostfix(item, true);
            string post = CreatePrefixPostfix(item, false);

            // If we're in Romba mode, take care of that instead
            if (DatHeader.Romba)
            {
                if (item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
                {
                    Rom romItem = item as Rom;

                    // We can only write out if there's a SHA-1
                    if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(romItem.SHA1))
                    {
                        name = PathExtensions.GetRombaPath(romItem.SHA1).Replace('\\', '/');
                        item.Name = $"{pre}{name}{post}";
                    }
                }
                else if (item.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
                {
                    Disk diskItem = item as Disk;

                    // We can only write out if there's a SHA-1
                    if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(diskItem.SHA1))
                    {
                        name = PathExtensions.GetRombaPath(diskItem.SHA1).Replace('\\', '/');
                        item.Name = pre + name + post;
                    }
                }

                return;
            }

            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.ReplaceExtension) || DatHeader.RemoveExtension)
            {
                if (DatHeader.RemoveExtension)
                    DatHeader.ReplaceExtension = string.Empty;

                string dir = Path.GetDirectoryName(name);
                dir = dir.TrimStart(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar);
                name = Path.Combine(dir, Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(name) + DatHeader.ReplaceExtension);
            }

            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(DatHeader.AddExtension))
                name += DatHeader.AddExtension;

            if (DatHeader.UseRomName && DatHeader.GameName)
                name = Path.Combine(item.MachineName, name);

            // Now assign back the item name
            item.Name = pre + name + post;

            // Restore all relevant values
            if (forceRemoveQuotes)
                DatHeader.Quotes = quotesBackup;

            if (forceRomName)
                DatHeader.UseRomName = useRomNameBackup;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Create a prefix or postfix from inputs
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="item">DatItem to create a prefix/postfix for</param>
        /// <param name="prefix">True for prefix, false for postfix</param>
        /// <returns>Sanitized string representing the postfix or prefix</returns>
        protected string CreatePrefixPostfix(DatItem item, bool prefix)
        {
            // Initialize strings
            string fix = string.Empty,
                game = item.MachineName,
                name = item.Name,
                manufacturer = item.Manufacturer,
                publisher = item.Publisher,
                category = item.Category,
                crc = string.Empty,
                md5 = string.Empty,
                ripemd160 = string.Empty,
                sha1 = string.Empty,
                sha256 = string.Empty,
                sha384 = string.Empty,
                sha512 = string.Empty,
                size = string.Empty;

            // If we have a prefix
            if (prefix)
                fix = DatHeader.Prefix + (DatHeader.Quotes ? "\"" : string.Empty);

            // If we have a postfix
            else
                fix = (DatHeader.Quotes ? "\"" : string.Empty) + DatHeader.Postfix;

            // Ensure we have the proper values for replacement
            if (item.ItemType == ItemType.Rom)
            {
                crc = ((Rom)item).CRC;
                md5 = ((Rom)item).MD5;
#if NET_FRAMEWORK
                ripemd160 = ((Rom)item).RIPEMD160;
#endif
                sha1 = ((Rom)item).SHA1;
                sha256 = ((Rom)item).SHA256;
                sha384 = ((Rom)item).SHA384;
                sha512 = ((Rom)item).SHA512;
                size = ((Rom)item).Size.ToString();
            }
            else if (item.ItemType == ItemType.Disk)
            {
                md5 = ((Disk)item).MD5;
#if NET_FRAMEWORK
                ripemd160 = ((Disk)item).RIPEMD160;
#endif
                sha1 = ((Disk)item).SHA1;
                sha256 = ((Disk)item).SHA256;
                sha384 = ((Disk)item).SHA384;
                sha512 = ((Disk)item).SHA512;
            }

            // Now do bulk replacement where possible
            fix = fix
                .Replace("%game%", game)
                .Replace("%machine%", game)
                .Replace("%name%", name)
                .Replace("%manufacturer%", manufacturer)
                .Replace("%publisher%", publisher)
                .Replace("%category%", category)
                .Replace("%crc%", crc)
                .Replace("%md5%", md5)
                .Replace("%ripemd160%", ripemd160)
                .Replace("%sha1%", sha1)
                .Replace("%sha256%", sha256)
                .Replace("%sha384%", sha384)
                .Replace("%sha512%", sha512)
                .Replace("%size%", size);

            // TODO: Add GameName logic here too?

            return fix;
        }

        #endregion

        #endregion // Instance Methods
    }
}