glossary.texi: add most of the terms used in the doc.

libcdio.texi: Add a section for OS drivers.

doc/glossary.texi

@@ -2,6 +2,22 @@ See also @uref{http://www.dvdrhelp.com/glossary}.
 
 @table @acronym
 
+@item ATAPI
+
+Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface. An interface to
+support CD Drives and DVD Drives using the computers current IDE
+connections. IDE(also called ATA) was originally designed for hard
+drives only, but with help of ATAPI it is possible to connect other
+devices to the IDE/EIDE connections.
+
+@item BIN/CUE
+
+A CD-image format used by the CDRWin software on Microsoft
+Windows. Many other programs subsequently support using this
+format. The .CUE file is a text file which contains CD format and
+track layout information, while the .BIN file holds the actual data
+of each track.
+
 @item CD
 Compact Disc
 
@@ -11,6 +27,14 @@ Compact Disc Digital Audio, described in the ``Red Book'' or ICE
 people think of when you play a @acronym{CD} as it was the first to
 use the @acronym{CD} medium.
 
+@item CD-i
+
+Compact Disc interactive. An extension of the CD format designed
+around a set-top computer that connects to a TV to provide interactive
+home entertainment, including digital audio and video, video games,
+and software applications. Defined by the ``Green Book'' standard. 
+@uref{http://www.icdia.org/}.
+
 @item CD-i Bridge
 
 A standard allowing CD-ROM XA discs to play on CD-i.  Kodak PhotoCDs
@@ -59,18 +83,60 @@ International Standards Organization.
 
 @item ISO 9660
 
-The ISO 9660 format is a logical filesystem format for CD-ROM
+The ISO 9660 is a filesystem format for CD-ROM
 media. It was standardized in 1988 and replaced the High Sierra
 standard for the logical format on CD-ROM media (ISO 9660 and High
 Sierra are identical in content, but the exact format is different).
 
+There are several specification levels. In Level 1, file names must be
+in the 8.3 format (no more than eight characters in the name, no more
+than three characters in the suffix) and in capital letters. Directory
+names can be no longer than eight characters. There can be no more
+than eight nested directory levels. Level 2 and 3 specifications allow
+file names up to 32 characters long.
+
 @item Joliet extensions
 
 This standard was developed for Windows 95 and Windows NT by Microsoft
-as an extension of ISO 9600 to support long file names up to 64
-characters.
+as an extension of ISO 9600 which allows the use of Unicode characters
+and supports file names up to 64 characters.
 
-@item Mixed-Mode 
+@item LBA
+
+Logical Block Addressing. Mapped integer numbers from CD Red Book
+Addressing MSF.  The starting sector is -150 and ending sector is
+449849, which correlates directly to MSF: 00:00:00 to 99:59:74.
+Because an LBA is a single number it is often easier to work with in
+programming than an MSF.
+
+@item Lead in
+
+The area of a CD where the Table Of Contents (TOC) and CDTEXT are
+stored.  I think it is supposed to be around 4500 (1 min) or more
+sectors in length.  On a CDR(W) the lead-in length is variable,
+because each manufacturer will have a different starting position
+indicated by the ATIP start of lead-in position that is recorded in
+the ATIP groove on the disk.
+
+@item LSN
+
+Logical Sector Number. Mapped integer numbers from CD Red Book
+Addressing MSF.  The starting sector is 0 and ending sector is 449699,
+which correlates to MSF: 00:00:00 to 99:59:74.  Because an LSN is a
+single number it is often easier to work with in programming than an
+MSF. Because it starts at 0 rather than -150 as is the case of an LBA
+it can be represented as an unsigned value.
+
+@item MMC
+
+MMC (MultiMedia Commands). A SCSI programming specification made by
+the SCSI committee T10 organization.  They are raw commands for
+communicating with CDROM drives, CD-Rewriters, DVD-Rewriters, etc.
+
+Many manufacturers have adopted this standard and it also applies to
+ATAPI versions of their drives.
+
+@item Mixed Mode 
 
 A CD that contains tracks of differing CD-ROM Mode formats. For
 example a discs could contain both computer data (Yellow Book) and
@@ -81,6 +147,19 @@ audio (Red Book) tracks.
 A way of writing to a CD that allows more data to be
 added to readable discs at a later time.
 
+@item NRG format file
+
+A proprietary CD image file format use by a popular program for
+Microsoft Windows, Ahead Nero. The specification of this format is
+not to our knowlege published. 
+
+@item SCSI 
+
+Small Computer System Interface.  A set of ANSI standard electronic
+interfaces (originally developed at Apple Computer) that allow
+personal computers to communicate with peripheral hardware such as
+CD-ROM drives, disk drives, printers, etc.
+
 @item Session
 
 A fully readable complete recording that contains one or more tracks
@@ -89,6 +168,14 @@ of computer data or audio on a CD.
 @item SVCD
 Super @acronym{VCD} @uref{http://www.dvdrhelp.com/svcd}
 
+@item TOC
+
+Table of Contents. The TOC contains the starting track number, last
+track number individual track starting time, format of track: CDDA or
+CDROM. Every CD must have at least 1 TOC, the first TOC is always
+recorded at the start of the CD (lead-in area).  A multi-session CD
+may have several TOCs.
+
 @item Track 
 
 A unit of data of a CD. The size of a track can vary; it can occupy
@@ -98,6 +185,25 @@ tracks have a 150 frame (or ``2 second'') lead-in gap.
 @item VCD
 Video @acronym{CD} @uref{http://www.dvdrhelp.com/vcd}
 
+@item Win32 ASPI driver
+
+The ASPI interface specification was developed by Adaptec for 
+sending commands to a SCSI host adapter (such as those controlling CD
+and DVD drives) and used on Window 9x/NT and later. Emulation for
+ATAPI drives was added so that the same sets of commands worked those
+even though the drives might not be SCSI nor might there even be a
+SCSI controller attached.
+
+However in Windows NT/2K/XP, Microsoft provides their Win32 ioctl
+interface, and has take steps to make using ASPI more inaccessible
+(e.g. requiring adminstrative access to use ASPI).
+
+@item Win32 Ioctl driver
+
+Ioctl (Input Output ConTroLs). A Win32 function, implemented in all
+Windows.  It is used for sending commands to devices using defined
+codes and structures.
+
 @item XA
 See @acronym{CD-ROM XA}
 

doc/libcdio.texi

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ development.''
 
 @titlepage
 @title GNU libcdio library
-@subtitle $Id: libcdio.texi,v 1.17 2004/02/28 20:54:31 rocky Exp $
+@subtitle $Id: libcdio.texi,v 1.18 2004/02/29 02:13:46 rocky Exp $
 @author Rocky Bernstein et al.
 @page
 
@@ -79,13 +79,14 @@ This file documents GNU CD input and control library
 Copyright (C) 2003, 2004 Herbert Valerio Riedel and Rocky Bernstein
 
 @menu
-* History::         How this came about
-* Previous Work::   The problem and previous work
-* Purpose::         What is in this package (and what's not)
-* CD Formats::      A tour through the CD-specification spectrum
-* CD Terms::        Limitations and terminology used in CD's and libcdio
-* How to use::      Okay enough babble, lemme at the library!
-* Utility Programs:: Diagnostic programs that come with this library
+* History::           How this came about
+* Previous Work::     The problem and previous work
+* Purpose::           What is in this package (and what's not)
+* CD Formats::        A tour through the CD-specification spectrum
+* CD Terms::          Limitations and terminology used in CD's and libcdio
+* How to use::        Okay enough babble, lemme at the library!
+* Utility Programs::  Diagnostic programs that come with this library
+* OS Considerations:: Operating System Considerations and Drivers
 
 Appendices
 * ISO-9660 Character Sets::
@@ -900,6 +901,46 @@ image.
 
 @samp{iso-info} can be used to extract a file in an ISO-9660 image.
 
+@node OS Considerations
+@chapter Operating System Considerations and Drivers
+
+@menu
+* GNU/Linux::
+* Microsoft::
+* Solaris::
+@end menu
+
+@node GNU/Linux
+@section GNU/Linux
+
+There are two CD drive access methods on GNU/Linux: ioctl and SCSI
+MMC.  GNU/Linux has a rather nice and complete ioctl mechanism. On the
+other hand, the SCSI mechanism is more universal. 
+
+@node Microsoft
+@section Microsoft
+
+There are two CD drive access methods on Microsoft Windows platforms:
+ioctl and ASPI. 
+
+The ASPI interface specification was developed by Adaptec for 
+sending commands to a SCSI host adapter (such as those controlling CD
+and DVD drives) and used on Window 9x/NT and later. Emulation for
+ATAPI drives was added so that the same sets of commands worked those
+even though the drives might not be SCSI nor might there even be a
+SCSI controller attached.
+
+However in Windows NT/2K/XP, Microsoft provides their Win32 ioctl
+interface, and has take steps to make using ASPI more inaccessible
+(e.g. requiring adminstrative access to use ASPI).
+
+
+@node Solaris
+@section Solaris
+
+There are two CD drive access methods on Solaris:
+ATAPI and SCSI. SCSI is preferred when possible.
+
 @node ISO-9660 Character Sets
 @appendix ISO-9660 Character Sets