Update vsconfig

This fixes two issues with `experimental.useBackgroundImageForWindow` I discovered while looking at #14260 

* It looks like the opacity of the whole-window BG image wouldn't hot reload if the path didn't. 
* > set useBGForWindow:true, focus a pane with an image, then set it to useBGForWindow:false, and observe a pane with <100 opacity. You'll be able to see the BG image left behind!

These are pretty easy to miss, so I can see how it happened. 

I don't think this _technically_ closes that thread, though. Ultimately, I think OP's settings were just wrong (and possible didn't hot-reload). There's another, trickier bit I'm discussing in that thread, that might deserve its own separate follow-up for discussion.

.config/dotnet-tools.json

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   "isRoot": true,
   "tools": {
     "XamlStyler.Console": {
-      "version": "3.2008.4",
+      "version": "3.2206.4",
       "commands": [
         "xstyler"
       ]

.git-blame-ignore-revs

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Commits mentioned in this file will automatically
+# be skipped by GitHub's blame view.
+# To use it with "git", run
+# > git blame --ignore-revs-file ./.git-blame-ignore-revs
+
+# Reformatted the entire codebase
+9b92986b49bed8cc41fde4d6ef080921c41e6d9e
+
+# Line Endings changes
+cb7a76d96c92aa9fc7b03f69148fb0c75dff191d
+5bbf61af8c8f12e6c05d07a696bf7d411b330a67
+d07546a6fef73fa4e1fb1c2f01535843d1fcc212
+
+# UTF-8 BOM changes
+ddae2a1d49d604487d3c963e5eacbeb73861d986

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/Bug_Report.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 name: "Bug report 🐛"
 description: Report errors or unexpected behavior
-labels: [Issue-Bug]
+labels: [Issue-Bug, Needs-Triage]
 body:
 - type: markdown
   attributes:
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ body:
     label: Windows Terminal version
     placeholder: "1.7.3651.0"
     description: |
-      You can find the version in the about dialog, or by running `wt -v` at the commandline.
+      You can copy the version number from the About dialog. Open the About dialog by opening the menu with the "V" button (to the right of the "+" button that opens a new tab) and choosing About from the end of the list.
   validations:
     required: false
     

.github/workflows/addToProject.yml

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ on:
   issues:
     types:
       - labeled
+      - unlabeled
 
 jobs:
   add-to-project:

.gitmodules

@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
 [submodule "dep/gsl"]
 	path = dep/gsl
 	url = https://github.com/microsoft/gsl
-[submodule "dep/wil"]
-	path = dep/wil
-	url = https://github.com/microsoft/wil

.vsconfig

@@ -1,35 +1,36 @@
 {
   "version": "1.0",
   "components": [
+    "Microsoft.Component.MSBuild",
+    "Microsoft.Net.Component.4.5.TargetingPack",
+    "Microsoft.Net.Component.4.TargetingPack",
+    "Microsoft.Net.ComponentGroup.DevelopmentPrerequisites",
+    "Microsoft.NetCore.Component.DevelopmentTools",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.CoreEditor",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.CoreEditor",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.Universal",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.NativeDesktop",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.ManagedDesktop",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Debugger.JustInTime",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.DiagnosticTools",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Graphics",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.ManagedDesktop.Core",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.ManagedDesktop.Prerequisites",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.NuGet",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Roslyn.Compiler",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Roslyn.LanguageServices",
-    "Microsoft.Net.ComponentGroup.DevelopmentPrerequisites",
-    "Microsoft.Component.MSBuild",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.ManagedDesktop.Core",
-    "Microsoft.Net.Component.4.TargetingPack",
-    "Microsoft.Net.Component.4.5.TargetingPack",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.DiagnosticTools",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Debugger.JustInTime",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Windows11SDK.22000",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.UWP.Support",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.CoreIde",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.NativeDesktop.Core",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Graphics",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Redist.14.Latest",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.ARM64",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.UWP.VC.ARM64",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.ASAN",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.v143.x86.x64",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.CoreIde",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Redist.14.Latest",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.ARM64",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.v143.ARM64",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.UWP.VC",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.v143.x86.x64",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Windows11SDK.22621",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.NativeDesktop.Core",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.UWP.Support",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.UWP.VC.v143",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.UWP.VC.ARM64"
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.UWP.VC",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.CoreEditor",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.ManagedDesktop",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.NativeDesktop",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.Universal"
   ]
 }

.wt.json

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "actions":
-    [
-        {
-            "command": { "action": "sendInput", "input": "bx\r" },
-            "name": "Build project",
-            "description": "Build the project in the CWD"
-        },
-        {
-            "command": { "action": "sendInput", "input": "bz\r" },
-            "name": "Build solution, incremental",
-            "description": "Just build changes to the solution"
-        },
-        {
-            "command": { "action": "sendInput", "input": "bcz\r" },
-            "name": "Clean & build solution",
-            "description": "Start over. Go get your coffee. "
-        },
-        {
-            "command": { "action": "sendInput", "input": "nuget push -apikey az -source TerminalDependencies %userprofile%\\Downloads" },
-            "name": "Upload package to nuget feed",
-            "description": "Go download a .nupkg, put it in ~/Downloads, and use this to push to our private feed."
-        },
-
-    ]
-}

OpenConsole.sln

@@ -183,7 +183,6 @@ Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "Microsoft.Terminal.Control.
 EndProject
 Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "Microsoft.Terminal.Control", "src\cascadia\TerminalControl\dll\TerminalControl.vcxproj", "{CA5CAD1A-F542-4635-A069-7CAEFB930070}"
 	ProjectSection(ProjectDependencies) = postProject
-		{3C67784E-1453-49C2-9660-483E2CC7F7AD} = {3C67784E-1453-49C2-9660-483E2CC7F7AD}
 		{CA5CAD1A-44BD-4AC7-AC72-6CA5B3AB89ED} = {CA5CAD1A-44BD-4AC7-AC72-6CA5B3AB89ED}
 	EndProjectSection
 EndProject
@@ -644,7 +643,8 @@ Global
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Debug|ARM.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Debug|ARM64.ActiveCfg = Debug|ARM64
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Debug|ARM64.Build.0 = Debug|ARM64
-		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Debug|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
+		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Debug|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
+		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Debug|DotNet_x64Test.Build.0 = Debug|x64
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Debug|DotNet_x86Test.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
@@ -662,7 +662,8 @@ Global
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Release|ARM.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Release|ARM64.ActiveCfg = Release|ARM64
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Release|ARM64.Build.0 = Release|ARM64
-		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Release|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
+		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Release|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
+		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Release|DotNet_x64Test.Build.0 = Release|x64
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Release|DotNet_x86Test.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
 		{DCF55140-EF6A-4736-A403-957E4F7430BB}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
@@ -2309,7 +2310,8 @@ Global
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Debug|ARM.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Debug|ARM64.ActiveCfg = Debug|ARM64
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Debug|ARM64.Build.0 = Debug|ARM64
-		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Debug|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
+		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Debug|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
+		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Debug|DotNet_x64Test.Build.0 = Debug|x64
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Debug|DotNet_x86Test.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
@@ -2326,7 +2328,8 @@ Global
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Release|ARM.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Release|ARM64.ActiveCfg = Release|ARM64
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Release|ARM64.Build.0 = Release|ARM64
-		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Release|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
+		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Release|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
+		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Release|DotNet_x64Test.Build.0 = Release|x64
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Release|DotNet_x86Test.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
 		{48D21369-3D7B-4431-9967-24E81292CF63}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
@@ -3314,7 +3317,8 @@ Global
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Debug|ARM.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Debug|ARM64.ActiveCfg = Debug|ARM64
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Debug|ARM64.Build.0 = Debug|ARM64
-		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Debug|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
+		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Debug|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
+		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Debug|DotNet_x64Test.Build.0 = Debug|x64
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Debug|DotNet_x86Test.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
@@ -3334,7 +3338,8 @@ Global
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Release|ARM.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Release|ARM64.ActiveCfg = Release|ARM64
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Release|ARM64.Build.0 = Release|ARM64
-		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Release|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
+		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Release|DotNet_x64Test.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
+		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Release|DotNet_x64Test.Build.0 = Release|x64
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Release|DotNet_x86Test.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
 		{8222900C-8B6C-452A-91AC-BE95DB04B95F}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64

README.md

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ the latest Terminal release by installing the `Microsoft.WindowsTerminal`
 package:
 
 ```powershell
-winget install --id=Microsoft.WindowsTerminal -e
+winget install --id Microsoft.WindowsTerminal -e
 ```
 
 #### Via Chocolatey (unofficial)
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ If you would like to ask a question that you feel doesn't warrant an issue
   app](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/uwp/get-started/enable-your-device-for-development)
   to locally install and run Windows Terminal
 * You must have [PowerShell 7 or later](https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/latest) installed
-* You must have the [Windows 11 (10.0.22000.0)
+* You must have the [Windows 11 (10.0.22621.0)
   SDK](https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/windows-sdk/)
   installed
 * You must have at least [VS

build/Helix/global.json

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
   "msbuild-sdks": {
-    "Microsoft.DotNet.Helix.Sdk": "5.0.0-beta.20277.5"
+    "Microsoft.DotNet.Helix.Sdk": "6.0.0-beta.22525.5"
   }
 }

build/pgo/Terminal.PGO.props

@@ -14,16 +14,16 @@
     <!-- Mandatory.  Name of the NuGet package which will contain PGO databases for consumption by build system. -->
     <PGOPackageName>Microsoft.Internal.Windows.Terminal.PGODatabase</PGOPackageName>
 
-    <!-- Mandatory.  Major version number of the PGO database which should match the version of the product.  This can be hardcoded or obtained from other sources in build system. -->
+    <!-- Mandatory.  Major version number of the PGO database which should match the version of the product.  This can be hard-coded or obtained from other sources in build system. -->
     <PGOPackageVersionMajor>$(VersionMajor)</PGOPackageVersionMajor>
 
-    <!-- Mandatory.  Minor version number of the PGO database which should match the version of the product.  This can be hardcoded or obtained from other sources in build system. -->
+    <!-- Mandatory.  Minor version number of the PGO database which should match the version of the product.  This can be hard-coded or obtained from other sources in build system. -->
     <PGOPackageVersionMinor>$(VersionMinor)</PGOPackageVersionMinor>
 
-    <!-- Mandatory, defaults to 0.  Patch version number of the PGO database which should match the version of the product.  This can be hardcoded or obtained from other sources in build system. -->
+    <!-- Mandatory, defaults to 0.  Patch version number of the PGO database which should match the version of the product.  This can be hard-coded or obtained from other sources in build system. -->
     <PGOPackageVersionPatch>0</PGOPackageVersionPatch>
     
-    <!-- Optional, defaults to empty.  Prerelease version number of the PGO database which should match the version of the product.  This can be hardcoded or obtained from other sources in build system. -->
+    <!-- Optional, defaults to empty.  Prerelease version number of the PGO database which should match the version of the product.  This can be hard-coded or obtained from other sources in build system. -->
     <PGOPackageVersionPrerelease></PGOPackageVersionPrerelease>
 
     <!-- Mandatory.  Path to nuget.config file for the project.  Path is relative to where the props file will be. -->

build/pipelines/templates/check-formatting.yml

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 jobs:
 - job: CodeFormatCheck
   displayName: Proper Code Formatting Check
-  pool: { vmImage: windows-2019 }
+  pool: { vmImage: windows-2022 }
 
   steps:
   - checkout: self

build/pipelines/templates/helix-runtests-job.yml

@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ jobs:
       filename: 'set'
 
   - task: NuGetToolInstaller@0
-    displayName: 'Use NuGet 5.2.0'
+    displayName: 'Use NuGet 6.3.0'
     inputs:
-      versionSpec: 5.2.0
+      versionSpec: 6.3.0
 
   - task: 333b11bd-d341-40d9-afcf-b32d5ce6f23b@2
     displayName: 'NuGet restore build/Helix/packages.config'

build/pipelines/templates/pgo-merge-pgd-job.yml

@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ jobs:
     displayName: 'Retrieve VC tools directory'
 
   - task: NuGetToolInstaller@0
-    displayName: 'Use NuGet 5.2.0'
+    displayName: 'Use NuGet 6.3.0'
     inputs:
-      versionSpec: 5.2.0
+      versionSpec: 6.3.0
 
   - task: NuGetAuthenticate@0
 

build/pipelines/templates/restore-nuget-steps.yml

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 steps:
 - task: NuGetToolInstaller@0
-  displayName: 'Use NuGet 5.2.0'
+  displayName: 'Use NuGet 6.3.0'
   inputs:
-    versionSpec: 5.2.0
+    versionSpec: 6.3.0
 
 - task: NuGetAuthenticate@0
 

build/scripts/Create-AppxBundle.ps1

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Param(
     [Parameter(HelpMessage="Path to makeappx.exe")]
     [ValidateScript({Test-Path $_ -Type Leaf})]
     [string]
-    $MakeAppxPath = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\bin\10.0.22000.0\x86\MakeAppx.exe"
+    $MakeAppxPath = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\bin\10.0.22621.0\x86\MakeAppx.exe"
 )
 
 If ($null -Eq (Get-Item $MakeAppxPath -EA:SilentlyContinue)) {

build/scripts/Test-WindowsTerminalPackage.ps1

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Param(
     [Parameter(HelpMessage="Path to Windows Kit")]
     [ValidateScript({Test-Path $_ -Type Leaf})]
     [string]
-    $WindowsKitPath = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\bin\10.0.22000.0"
+    $WindowsKitPath = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\bin\10.0.22621.0"
 )
 
 $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

dep/Console/ConIoSrv.h

@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ Licensed under the MIT license.
 #define CIS_EVENT_TYPE_FOCUS         (1)
 #define CIS_EVENT_TYPE_FOCUS_ACK     (2)
 
+#define CIS_MSG_TYPE_MAPVIRTUALKEY   (0)
+#define CIS_MSG_TYPE_VKKEYSCAN       (1)
+#define CIS_MSG_TYPE_GETKEYSTATE     (2)
+
 #define CIS_MSG_TYPE_GETDISPLAYSIZE  (3)
 #define CIS_MSG_TYPE_GETFONTSIZE     (4)
 #define CIS_MSG_TYPE_SETCURSOR       (5)
@@ -31,6 +35,22 @@ typedef struct {
     UCHAR Type;
 
     union {
+        struct {
+            UINT Code;
+            UINT MapType;
+            UINT ReturnValue;
+        } MapVirtualKeyParams;
+
+        struct {
+            WCHAR Character;
+            SHORT ReturnValue;
+        } VkKeyScanParams;
+
+        struct {
+            int VirtualKey;
+            SHORT ReturnValue;
+        } GetKeyStateParams;
+
         struct {
             CD_IO_DISPLAY_SIZE DisplaySize;
 

dep/jsoncpp/README.md

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 [Amalgamated](https://github.com/open-source-parsers/jsoncpp/wiki/Amalgamated)
 from source commit
-[6aba23f](https://github.com/open-source-parsers/jsoncpp/commit/6aba23f4a8628d599a9ef7fa4811c4ff6e4070e2),
-release 1.9.3.
+[5defb4e](https://github.com/open-source-parsers/jsoncpp/commit/5defb4ed1a4293b8e2bf641e16b156fb9de498cc),
+release 1.9.5.
 
 > Generating amalgamated source and header JsonCpp is provided with a script to
 > generate a single header and a single source file to ease inclusion into an

dep/jsoncpp/cgmanifest.json

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
         "type": "git",
         "git": {
           "repositoryUrl": "https://github.com/open-source-parsers/jsoncpp",
-          "commitHash": "6aba23f4a8628d599a9ef7fa4811c4ff6e4070e2"
+          "commitHash": "5defb4ed1a4293b8e2bf641e16b156fb9de498cc"
         }
       }
     }

dep/jsoncpp/json/json-forwards.h

@@ -7,28 +7,28 @@
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 /*
-The JsonCpp library's source code, including accompanying documentation, 
+The JsonCpp library's source code, including accompanying documentation,
 tests and demonstration applications, are licensed under the following
 conditions...
 
-Baptiste Lepilleur and The JsonCpp Authors explicitly disclaim copyright in all 
-jurisdictions which recognize such a disclaimer. In such jurisdictions, 
+Baptiste Lepilleur and The JsonCpp Authors explicitly disclaim copyright in all
+jurisdictions which recognize such a disclaimer. In such jurisdictions,
 this software is released into the Public Domain.
 
 In jurisdictions which do not recognize Public Domain property (e.g. Germany as of
 2010), this software is Copyright (c) 2007-2010 by Baptiste Lepilleur and
 The JsonCpp Authors, and is released under the terms of the MIT License (see below).
 
-In jurisdictions which recognize Public Domain property, the user of this 
-software may choose to accept it either as 1) Public Domain, 2) under the 
-conditions of the MIT License (see below), or 3) under the terms of dual 
+In jurisdictions which recognize Public Domain property, the user of this
+software may choose to accept it either as 1) Public Domain, 2) under the
+conditions of the MIT License (see below), or 3) under the terms of dual
 Public Domain/MIT License conditions described here, as they choose.
 
 The MIT License is about as close to Public Domain as a license can get, and is
 described in clear, concise terms at:
 
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_License
-   
+
 The full text of the MIT License follows:
 
 ========================================================================
@@ -94,10 +94,10 @@ license you like.
 // 3. /CMakeLists.txt
 // IMPORTANT: also update the SOVERSION!!
 
-#define JSONCPP_VERSION_STRING "1.9.3"
+#define JSONCPP_VERSION_STRING "1.9.5"
 #define JSONCPP_VERSION_MAJOR 1
 #define JSONCPP_VERSION_MINOR 9
-#define JSONCPP_VERSION_PATCH 3
+#define JSONCPP_VERSION_PATCH 5
 #define JSONCPP_VERSION_QUALIFIER
 #define JSONCPP_VERSION_HEXA                                                   \
   ((JSONCPP_VERSION_MAJOR << 24) | (JSONCPP_VERSION_MINOR << 16) |             \
@@ -162,11 +162,10 @@ public:
    * Release memory which was allocated for N items at pointer P.
    *
    * The memory block is filled with zeroes before being released.
-   * The pointer argument is tagged as "volatile" to prevent the
-   * compiler optimizing out this critical step.
    */
-  void deallocate(volatile pointer p, size_type n) {
-    std::memset(p, 0, n * sizeof(T));
+  void deallocate(pointer p, size_type n) {
+    // memset_s is used because memset may be optimized away by the compiler
+    memset_s(p, n * sizeof(T), 0, n * sizeof(T));
     // free using "global operator delete"
     ::operator delete(p);
   }

dep/jsoncpp/json/json.h

@@ -6,28 +6,28 @@
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 /*
-The JsonCpp library's source code, including accompanying documentation, 
+The JsonCpp library's source code, including accompanying documentation,
 tests and demonstration applications, are licensed under the following
 conditions...
 
-Baptiste Lepilleur and The JsonCpp Authors explicitly disclaim copyright in all 
-jurisdictions which recognize such a disclaimer. In such jurisdictions, 
+Baptiste Lepilleur and The JsonCpp Authors explicitly disclaim copyright in all
+jurisdictions which recognize such a disclaimer. In such jurisdictions,
 this software is released into the Public Domain.
 
 In jurisdictions which do not recognize Public Domain property (e.g. Germany as of
 2010), this software is Copyright (c) 2007-2010 by Baptiste Lepilleur and
 The JsonCpp Authors, and is released under the terms of the MIT License (see below).
 
-In jurisdictions which recognize Public Domain property, the user of this 
-software may choose to accept it either as 1) Public Domain, 2) under the 
-conditions of the MIT License (see below), or 3) under the terms of dual 
+In jurisdictions which recognize Public Domain property, the user of this
+software may choose to accept it either as 1) Public Domain, 2) under the
+conditions of the MIT License (see below), or 3) under the terms of dual
 Public Domain/MIT License conditions described here, as they choose.
 
 The MIT License is about as close to Public Domain as a license can get, and is
 described in clear, concise terms at:
 
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_License
-   
+
 The full text of the MIT License follows:
 
 ========================================================================
@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@ license you like.
 // 3. /CMakeLists.txt
 // IMPORTANT: also update the SOVERSION!!
 
-#define JSONCPP_VERSION_STRING "1.9.3"
+#define JSONCPP_VERSION_STRING "1.9.5"
 #define JSONCPP_VERSION_MAJOR 1
 #define JSONCPP_VERSION_MINOR 9
-#define JSONCPP_VERSION_PATCH 3
+#define JSONCPP_VERSION_PATCH 5
 #define JSONCPP_VERSION_QUALIFIER
 #define JSONCPP_VERSION_HEXA                                                   \
   ((JSONCPP_VERSION_MAJOR << 24) | (JSONCPP_VERSION_MINOR << 16) |             \
@@ -161,11 +161,10 @@ public:
    * Release memory which was allocated for N items at pointer P.
    *
    * The memory block is filled with zeroes before being released.
-   * The pointer argument is tagged as "volatile" to prevent the
-   * compiler optimizing out this critical step.
    */
-  void deallocate(volatile pointer p, size_type n) {
-    std::memset(p, 0, n * sizeof(T));
+  void deallocate(pointer p, size_type n) {
+    // memset_s is used because memset may be optimized away by the compiler
+    memset_s(p, n * sizeof(T), 0, n * sizeof(T));
     // free using "global operator delete"
     ::operator delete(p);
   }
@@ -575,7 +574,7 @@ public:
 // be used by...
 #if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
 #pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 4251)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4251 4275)
 #endif // if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
 
 #pragma pack(push, 8)
@@ -788,10 +787,10 @@ private:
     CZString(ArrayIndex index);
     CZString(char const* str, unsigned length, DuplicationPolicy allocate);
     CZString(CZString const& other);
-    CZString(CZString&& other);
+    CZString(CZString&& other) noexcept;
     ~CZString();
     CZString& operator=(const CZString& other);
-    CZString& operator=(CZString&& other);
+    CZString& operator=(CZString&& other) noexcept;
 
     bool operator<(CZString const& other) const;
     bool operator==(CZString const& other) const;
@@ -867,14 +866,15 @@ public:
   Value(const StaticString& value);
   Value(const String& value);
   Value(bool value);
+  Value(std::nullptr_t ptr) = delete;
   Value(const Value& other);
-  Value(Value&& other);
+  Value(Value&& other) noexcept;
   ~Value();
 
   /// \note Overwrite existing comments. To preserve comments, use
   /// #swapPayload().
   Value& operator=(const Value& other);
-  Value& operator=(Value&& other);
+  Value& operator=(Value&& other) noexcept;
 
   /// Swap everything.
   void swap(Value& other);
@@ -1159,9 +1159,9 @@ private:
   public:
     Comments() = default;
     Comments(const Comments& that);
-    Comments(Comments&& that);
+    Comments(Comments&& that) noexcept;
     Comments& operator=(const Comments& that);
-    Comments& operator=(Comments&& that);
+    Comments& operator=(Comments&& that) noexcept;
     bool has(CommentPlacement slot) const;
     String get(CommentPlacement slot) const;
     void set(CommentPlacement slot, String comment);
@@ -1442,8 +1442,8 @@ public:
    *  because the returned references/pointers can be used
    *  to change state of the base class.
    */
-  reference operator*() { return deref(); }
-  pointer operator->() { return &deref(); }
+  reference operator*() const { return const_cast<reference>(deref()); }
+  pointer operator->() const { return const_cast<pointer>(&deref()); }
 };
 
 inline void swap(Value& a, Value& b) { a.swap(b); }
@@ -1506,8 +1506,7 @@ namespace Json {
  * \deprecated Use CharReader and CharReaderBuilder.
  */
 
-class JSONCPP_DEPRECATED(
-    "Use CharReader and CharReaderBuilder instead.") JSON_API Reader {
+class JSON_API Reader {
 public:
   using Char = char;
   using Location = const Char*;
@@ -1524,13 +1523,13 @@ public:
   };
 
   /** \brief Constructs a Reader allowing all features for parsing.
+    * \deprecated Use CharReader and CharReaderBuilder.
    */
-  JSONCPP_DEPRECATED("Use CharReader and CharReaderBuilder instead")
   Reader();
 
   /** \brief Constructs a Reader allowing the specified feature set for parsing.
+    * \deprecated Use CharReader and CharReaderBuilder.
    */
-  JSONCPP_DEPRECATED("Use CharReader and CharReaderBuilder instead")
   Reader(const Features& features);
 
   /** \brief Read a Value from a <a HREF="http://www.json.org">JSON</a>
@@ -1797,6 +1796,9 @@ public:
    * - `"allowSpecialFloats": false or true`
    *   - If true, special float values (NaNs and infinities) are allowed and
    *     their values are lossfree restorable.
+   * - `"skipBom": false or true`
+   *   - If true, if the input starts with the Unicode byte order mark (BOM),
+   *     it is skipped.
    *
    * You can examine 'settings_` yourself to see the defaults. You can also
    * write and read them just like any JSON Value.
@@ -2000,6 +2002,8 @@ public:
    *  - Number of precision digits for formatting of real values.
    *  - "precisionType": "significant"(default) or "decimal"
    *  - Type of precision for formatting of real values.
+   *  - "emitUTF8": false or true
+   *  - If true, outputs raw UTF8 strings instead of escaping them.
 
    *  You can examine 'settings_` yourself
    *  to see the defaults. You can also write and read them just like any
@@ -2035,7 +2039,7 @@ public:
 /** \brief Abstract class for writers.
  * \deprecated Use StreamWriter. (And really, this is an implementation detail.)
  */
-class JSONCPP_DEPRECATED("Use StreamWriter instead") JSON_API Writer {
+class JSON_API Writer {
 public:
   virtual ~Writer();
 
@@ -2055,7 +2059,7 @@ public:
 #pragma warning(push)
 #pragma warning(disable : 4996) // Deriving from deprecated class
 #endif
-class JSONCPP_DEPRECATED("Use StreamWriterBuilder instead") JSON_API FastWriter
+class JSON_API FastWriter
     : public Writer {
 public:
   FastWriter();
@@ -2115,7 +2119,7 @@ private:
 #pragma warning(push)
 #pragma warning(disable : 4996) // Deriving from deprecated class
 #endif
-class JSONCPP_DEPRECATED("Use StreamWriterBuilder instead") JSON_API
+class JSON_API
     StyledWriter : public Writer {
 public:
   StyledWriter();
@@ -2184,7 +2188,7 @@ private:
 #pragma warning(push)
 #pragma warning(disable : 4996) // Deriving from deprecated class
 #endif
-class JSONCPP_DEPRECATED("Use StreamWriterBuilder instead") JSON_API
+class JSON_API
     StyledStreamWriter {
 public:
   /**

dep/jsoncpp/jsoncpp.cpp

@@ -6,28 +6,28 @@
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 /*
-The JsonCpp library's source code, including accompanying documentation, 
+The JsonCpp library's source code, including accompanying documentation,
 tests and demonstration applications, are licensed under the following
 conditions...
 
-Baptiste Lepilleur and The JsonCpp Authors explicitly disclaim copyright in all 
-jurisdictions which recognize such a disclaimer. In such jurisdictions, 
+Baptiste Lepilleur and The JsonCpp Authors explicitly disclaim copyright in all
+jurisdictions which recognize such a disclaimer. In such jurisdictions,
 this software is released into the Public Domain.
 
 In jurisdictions which do not recognize Public Domain property (e.g. Germany as of
 2010), this software is Copyright (c) 2007-2010 by Baptiste Lepilleur and
 The JsonCpp Authors, and is released under the terms of the MIT License (see below).
 
-In jurisdictions which recognize Public Domain property, the user of this 
-software may choose to accept it either as 1) Public Domain, 2) under the 
-conditions of the MIT License (see below), or 3) under the terms of dual 
+In jurisdictions which recognize Public Domain property, the user of this
+software may choose to accept it either as 1) Public Domain, 2) under the
+conditions of the MIT License (see below), or 3) under the terms of dual
 Public Domain/MIT License conditions described here, as they choose.
 
 The MIT License is about as close to Public Domain as a license can get, and is
 described in clear, concise terms at:
 
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_License
-   
+
 The full text of the MIT License follows:
 
 ========================================================================
@@ -202,14 +202,18 @@ template <typename Iter> void fixNumericLocaleInput(Iter begin, Iter end) {
  * Return iterator that would be the new end of the range [begin,end), if we
  * were to delete zeros in the end of string, but not the last zero before '.'.
  */
-template <typename Iter> Iter fixZerosInTheEnd(Iter begin, Iter end) {
+template <typename Iter>
+Iter fixZerosInTheEnd(Iter begin, Iter end, unsigned int precision) {
   for (; begin != end; --end) {
     if (*(end - 1) != '0') {
       return end;
     }
     // Don't delete the last zero before the decimal point.
-    if (begin != (end - 1) && *(end - 2) == '.') {
-      return end;
+    if (begin != (end - 1) && begin != (end - 2) && *(end - 2) == '.') {
+      if (precision) {
+        return end;
+      }
+      return end - 2;
     }
   }
   return end;
@@ -338,8 +342,7 @@ bool Reader::parse(std::istream& is, Value& root, bool collectComments) {
 
   // Since String is reference-counted, this at least does not
   // create an extra copy.
-  String doc;
-  std::getline(is, doc, static_cast<char> EOF);
+  String doc(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(is), {});
   return parse(doc.data(), doc.data() + doc.size(), root, collectComments);
 }
 
@@ -1409,8 +1412,11 @@ bool OurReader::readToken(Token& token) {
     if (features_.allowSingleQuotes_) {
       token.type_ = tokenString;
       ok = readStringSingleQuote();
-      break;
-    } // else fall through
+    } else {
+      // If we don't allow single quotes, this is a failure case.
+      ok = false;
+    }
+    break;
   case '/':
     token.type_ = tokenComment;
     ok = readComment();
@@ -2152,7 +2158,7 @@ bool CharReaderBuilder::validate(Json::Value* invalid) const {
     if (valid_keys.count(key))
       continue;
     if (invalid)
-      (*invalid)[std::move(key)] = *si;
+      (*invalid)[key] = *si;
     else
       return false;
   }
@@ -2667,7 +2673,7 @@ Value::CZString::CZString(const CZString& other) {
   storage_.length_ = other.storage_.length_;
 }
 
-Value::CZString::CZString(CZString&& other)
+Value::CZString::CZString(CZString&& other) noexcept
     : cstr_(other.cstr_), index_(other.index_) {
   other.cstr_ = nullptr;
 }
@@ -2693,7 +2699,7 @@ Value::CZString& Value::CZString::operator=(const CZString& other) {
   return *this;
 }
 
-Value::CZString& Value::CZString::operator=(CZString&& other) {
+Value::CZString& Value::CZString::operator=(CZString&& other) noexcept {
   cstr_ = other.cstr_;
   index_ = other.index_;
   other.cstr_ = nullptr;
@@ -2841,7 +2847,7 @@ Value::Value(const Value& other) {
   dupMeta(other);
 }
 
-Value::Value(Value&& other) {
+Value::Value(Value&& other) noexcept {
   initBasic(nullValue);
   swap(other);
 }
@@ -2856,7 +2862,7 @@ Value& Value::operator=(const Value& other) {
   return *this;
 }
 
-Value& Value::operator=(Value&& other) {
+Value& Value::operator=(Value&& other) noexcept {
   other.swap(*this);
   return *this;
 }
@@ -3320,7 +3326,8 @@ void Value::resize(ArrayIndex newSize) {
   if (newSize == 0)
     clear();
   else if (newSize > oldSize)
-    this->operator[](newSize - 1);
+    for (ArrayIndex i = oldSize; i < newSize; ++i)
+      (*this)[i];
   else {
     for (ArrayIndex index = newSize; index < oldSize; ++index) {
       value_.map_->erase(index);
@@ -3781,14 +3788,15 @@ bool Value::isObject() const { return type() == objectValue; }
 Value::Comments::Comments(const Comments& that)
     : ptr_{cloneUnique(that.ptr_)} {}
 
-Value::Comments::Comments(Comments&& that) : ptr_{std::move(that.ptr_)} {}
+Value::Comments::Comments(Comments&& that) noexcept
+    : ptr_{std::move(that.ptr_)} {}
 
 Value::Comments& Value::Comments::operator=(const Comments& that) {
   ptr_ = cloneUnique(that.ptr_);
   return *this;
 }
 
-Value::Comments& Value::Comments::operator=(Comments&& that) {
+Value::Comments& Value::Comments::operator=(Comments&& that) noexcept {
   ptr_ = std::move(that.ptr_);
   return *this;
 }
@@ -3804,13 +3812,11 @@ String Value::Comments::get(CommentPlacement slot) const {
 }
 
 void Value::Comments::set(CommentPlacement slot, String comment) {
-  if (!ptr_) {
+  if (slot >= CommentPlacement::numberOfCommentPlacement)
+    return;
+  if (!ptr_)
     ptr_ = std::unique_ptr<Array>(new Array());
-  }
-  // check comments array boundry.
-  if (slot < CommentPlacement::numberOfCommentPlacement) {
-    (*ptr_)[slot] = std::move(comment);
-  }
+  (*ptr_)[slot] = std::move(comment);
 }
 
 void Value::setComment(String comment, CommentPlacement placement) {
@@ -4124,7 +4130,7 @@ Value& Path::make(Value& root) const {
 
 #if !defined(isnan)
 // IEEE standard states that NaN values will not compare to themselves
-#define isnan(x) (x != x)
+#define isnan(x) ((x) != (x))
 #endif
 
 #if !defined(__APPLE__)
@@ -4210,16 +4216,18 @@ String valueToString(double value, bool useSpecialFloats,
 
   buffer.erase(fixNumericLocale(buffer.begin(), buffer.end()), buffer.end());
 
-  // strip the zero padding from the right
-  if (precisionType == PrecisionType::decimalPlaces) {
-    buffer.erase(fixZerosInTheEnd(buffer.begin(), buffer.end()), buffer.end());
-  }
-
   // try to ensure we preserve the fact that this was given to us as a double on
   // input
   if (buffer.find('.') == buffer.npos && buffer.find('e') == buffer.npos) {
     buffer += ".0";
   }
+
+  // strip the zero padding from the right
+  if (precisionType == PrecisionType::decimalPlaces) {
+    buffer.erase(fixZerosInTheEnd(buffer.begin(), buffer.end(), precision),
+                 buffer.end());
+  }
+
   return buffer;
 }
 } // namespace
@@ -4231,11 +4239,11 @@ String valueToString(double value, unsigned int precision,
 
 String valueToString(bool value) { return value ? "true" : "false"; }
 
-static bool isAnyCharRequiredQuoting(char const* s, size_t n) {
+static bool doesAnyCharRequireEscaping(char const* s, size_t n) {
   assert(s || !n);
 
   return std::any_of(s, s + n, [](unsigned char c) {
-    return c == '\\' || c == '"' || !std::isprint(c);
+    return c == '\\' || c == '"' || c < 0x20 || c > 0x7F;
   });
 }
 
@@ -4326,12 +4334,12 @@ static void appendHex(String& result, unsigned ch) {
   result.append("\\u").append(toHex16Bit(ch));
 }
 
-static String valueToQuotedStringN(const char* value, unsigned length,
+static String valueToQuotedStringN(const char* value, size_t length,
                                    bool emitUTF8 = false) {
   if (value == nullptr)
     return "";
 
-  if (!isAnyCharRequiredQuoting(value, length))
+  if (!doesAnyCharRequireEscaping(value, length))
     return String("\"") + value + "\"";
   // We have to walk value and escape any special characters.
   // Appending to String is not efficient, but this should be rare.
@@ -4404,7 +4412,7 @@ static String valueToQuotedStringN(const char* value, unsigned length,
 }
 
 String valueToQuotedString(const char* value) {
-  return valueToQuotedStringN(value, static_cast<unsigned int>(strlen(value)));
+  return valueToQuotedStringN(value, strlen(value));
 }
 
 // Class Writer
@@ -4453,7 +4461,7 @@ void FastWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
     char const* end;
     bool ok = value.getString(&str, &end);
     if (ok)
-      document_ += valueToQuotedStringN(str, static_cast<unsigned>(end - str));
+      document_ += valueToQuotedStringN(str, static_cast<size_t>(end - str));
     break;
   }
   case booleanValue:
@@ -4476,8 +4484,7 @@ void FastWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
       const String& name = *it;
       if (it != members.begin())
         document_ += ',';
-      document_ += valueToQuotedStringN(name.data(),
-                                        static_cast<unsigned>(name.length()));
+      document_ += valueToQuotedStringN(name.data(), name.length());
       document_ += yamlCompatibilityEnabled_ ? ": " : ":";
       writeValue(value[name]);
     }
@@ -4522,7 +4529,7 @@ void StyledWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
     char const* end;
     bool ok = value.getString(&str, &end);
     if (ok)
-      pushValue(valueToQuotedStringN(str, static_cast<unsigned>(end - str)));
+      pushValue(valueToQuotedStringN(str, static_cast<size_t>(end - str)));
     else
       pushValue("");
     break;
@@ -4563,7 +4570,7 @@ void StyledWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
 }
 
 void StyledWriter::writeArrayValue(const Value& value) {
-  unsigned size = value.size();
+  size_t size = value.size();
   if (size == 0)
     pushValue("[]");
   else {
@@ -4572,7 +4579,7 @@ void StyledWriter::writeArrayValue(const Value& value) {
       writeWithIndent("[");
       indent();
       bool hasChildValue = !childValues_.empty();
-      unsigned index = 0;
+      ArrayIndex index = 0;
       for (;;) {
         const Value& childValue = value[index];
         writeCommentBeforeValue(childValue);
@@ -4595,7 +4602,7 @@ void StyledWriter::writeArrayValue(const Value& value) {
     {
       assert(childValues_.size() == size);
       document_ += "[ ";
-      for (unsigned index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
+      for (size_t index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
         if (index > 0)
           document_ += ", ";
         document_ += childValues_[index];
@@ -4740,7 +4747,7 @@ void StyledStreamWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
     char const* end;
     bool ok = value.getString(&str, &end);
     if (ok)
-      pushValue(valueToQuotedStringN(str, static_cast<unsigned>(end - str)));
+      pushValue(valueToQuotedStringN(str, static_cast<size_t>(end - str)));
     else
       pushValue("");
     break;
@@ -5014,8 +5021,8 @@ void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::writeValue(Value const& value) {
     char const* end;
     bool ok = value.getString(&str, &end);
     if (ok)
-      pushValue(valueToQuotedStringN(str, static_cast<unsigned>(end - str),
-                                     emitUTF8_));
+      pushValue(
+          valueToQuotedStringN(str, static_cast<size_t>(end - str), emitUTF8_));
     else
       pushValue("");
     break;
@@ -5038,8 +5045,8 @@ void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::writeValue(Value const& value) {
         String const& name = *it;
         Value const& childValue = value[name];
         writeCommentBeforeValue(childValue);
-        writeWithIndent(valueToQuotedStringN(
-            name.data(), static_cast<unsigned>(name.length()), emitUTF8_));
+        writeWithIndent(
+            valueToQuotedStringN(name.data(), name.length(), emitUTF8_));
         *sout_ << colonSymbol_;
         writeValue(childValue);
         if (++it == members.end()) {
@@ -5273,7 +5280,7 @@ bool StreamWriterBuilder::validate(Json::Value* invalid) const {
     if (valid_keys.count(key))
       continue;
     if (invalid)
-      (*invalid)[std::move(key)] = *si;
+      (*invalid)[key] = *si;
     else
       return false;
   }

doc/ConsoleHostSettings.md

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ To modify settings specific to the current application, invoke the `Properties`
 
 When console applications are launched, the Windows Console Host determines which settings to use by overlaying settings from the above locations.
 
-1. Initialize settings based on hardcoded defaults
+1. Initialize settings based on hard-coded defaults
 2. Overlay settings specified by the user's configured defaults
 3. Overlay application-specific settings from either the registry or the shortcut file, depending on how the application was launched
 

doc/cascadia/Unittesting-CppWinRT-Xaml.md

@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ Here's the AppxManifest we're using:
   </Properties>
 
   <Dependencies>
-    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Universal" MinVersion="10.0.18362.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22000.0" />
+    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Universal" MinVersion="10.0.18362.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22621.0" />
     <PackageDependency Name="Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00.Debug" MinVersion="14.0.27023.1" Publisher="CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US" />
     <PackageDependency Name="Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00.Debug.UWPDesktop" MinVersion="14.0.27027.1" Publisher="CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US" />
   </Dependencies>
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ This is because of a few key lines we already put in the appxmanifest:
 
 ```xml
   <Dependencies>
-    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Universal" MinVersion="10.0.18362.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22000.0" />
+    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Universal" MinVersion="10.0.18362.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22621.0" />
     <PackageDependency Name="Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00.Debug" MinVersion="14.0.27023.1" Publisher="CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US" />
     <PackageDependency Name="Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00.Debug.UWPDesktop" MinVersion="14.0.27027.1" Publisher="CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US" />
   </Dependencies>

doc/cascadia/profiles.schema.json

@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
         },
         "intenseTextStyle": {
           "default": "bright",
-          "description": "Controls how 'intense' text is rendered. Values are \"bold\", \"bright\", \"all\" and \"none\"",
+          "description": "Controls how 'intense' text is rendered when unfocused. Values are \"bold\", \"bright\", \"all\" and \"none\"",
           "enum": [
             "none",
             "bold",
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@
           "default": 12,
           "description": "Size of the font in points.",
           "minimum": 1,
-          "type": "integer"
+          "type": "number"
         },
         "weight": {
           "default": "normal",
@@ -2252,7 +2252,7 @@
           "default": 12,
           "description": "[deprecated] Define 'size' within the 'font' object instead.",
           "minimum": 1,
-          "type": "integer",
+          "type": "number",
           "deprecated": true
         },
         "fontWeight": {
@@ -2283,6 +2283,17 @@
           ],
           "deprecated": true
         },
+        "intenseTextStyle": {
+          "default": "bright",
+          "description": "Controls how 'intense' text is rendered. Values are \"bold\", \"bright\", \"all\" and \"none\"",
+          "enum": [
+            "none",
+            "bold",
+            "bright",
+            "all"
+          ],
+          "type": "string"
+        },
         "foreground": {
           "$ref": "#/$defs/Color",
           "default": "#cccccc",
@@ -2350,7 +2361,8 @@
           "description": "Defines the visibility of the scrollbar.",
           "enum": [
             "visible",
-            "hidden"
+            "hidden",
+            "always"
           ],
           "type": "string"
         },
@@ -2384,7 +2396,10 @@
         },
         "startingDirectory": {
           "description": "The directory the shell starts in when it is loaded.",
-          "type": "string"
+          "type": [
+            "string",
+            "null"
+          ]
         },
         "suppressApplicationTitle": {
           "description": "When set to true, tabTitle overrides the default title of the tab and any title change messages from the application will be suppressed. When set to false, tabTitle behaves as normal.",

doc/specs/#1571 - New Tab Menu Customization/#1571 - New Tab Menu Customization.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 author: Mike Griese @zadjii-msft
 created on: 2020-5-13
-last updated: 2020-08-04
+last updated: 2022-11-18
 issue id: 1571
 ---
 
@@ -76,6 +76,34 @@ There are five `type`s of objects in this menu:
   - The `"entries"` property specifies a list of menu entries that will appear
     nested under this entry. This can contain other `"type":"folder"` groups as
     well!
+  - The `"inline"` property accepts two values
+    - `auto`: When the folder only has one entry in it, don't actually create a
+      nested layer to then menu. Just place the single entry in the layer that
+      folder would occupy. (Useful for dynamic profile sources with only a
+      single entry).
+    - `never`: (**default**) Always create a nested entry, even for a single
+      sub-item.
+  - The `allowEmpty` property will force this entry to show up in the menu, even
+    if it doesn't have any profiles in it. This defaults to `false`, meaning
+    that folders without any entries in them will just be ignored when
+    generating the menu. This will be more useful with the `matchProfile` entry,
+    below.
+
+    When this is true, and the folder is empty, we should add a
+    placeholder `<empty>` entry to the menu, to indicate that no profiles were
+    in that folder.
+    - _This setting is probably pretty niche, and not a requirement_. More of a
+      theoretical suggestion than anything.
+    - In the case of no entries for this folder, we should make sure to also
+      reflect the `inline` property:
+      - `allowEmpty:true`, `inline:auto`: just ignore the entry at all. Don't
+        add a placeholder to the parent list.
+      - `allowEmpty:true`, `inline:never`: Add a nested entry, with an
+        `<empty>` placeholder.
+      - `allowEmpty:false`, `inline:auto`: just ignore the entry at all. Don't
+        add a placeholder to the parent list.
+      - `allowEmpty:false`, `inline:never`: just ignore the entry at all. Don't
+        add a placeholder to the parent list.
 * `"type":"action"`: This represents a menu entry that should execute a specific
   `ShortcutAction`.
   - the `id` property will specify the global action ID (see [#6899], [#7175])
@@ -97,6 +125,16 @@ There are five `type`s of objects in this menu:
     enabling all other profiles to also be accessible.
   - The "name" of these entries will simply be the name of the profile
   - The "icon" of these entries will simply be the profile's icon
+  - This won't include any profiles that have been included via `matchProfile`
+    entries (below)
+* `"type": "matchProfile"`: Expands to all the profiles that match a given
+  string. This lets the user easily specify a whole collection of profiles for a
+  folder, without needing to add them all manually.
+  - `"name"`, `"commandline"` or `"source"`: These three properties are used to
+    filter the list of profiles, based on the matching property in the profile
+    itself. The value is a string to compare with the corresponding property in
+    the profile. A full string comparison is done - not a regex or partial
+    string match.
 
 The "default" new tab menu could be imagined as the following blob of json:
 
@@ -108,6 +146,42 @@ The "default" new tab menu could be imagined as the following blob of json:
 }
 ```
 
+Alternatively, we could consider something like the following. This would place
+CMD, PowerShell, and all PowerShell cores in the root at the top, followed by
+nested entries for each subsequent dynamic profile generator.
+
+```jsonc
+{
+    "newTabMenu": [
+        { "type":"profile", "profile": "cmd" },
+        { "type":"profile", "profile": "Windows PowerShell" },
+        { "type": "matchProfile", "source": "Microsoft.Terminal.PowerShellCore" }
+        {
+            "type": "folder",
+            "name": "WSL",
+            "entries": [ { "type": "matchProfile", "source": "Microsoft.Terminal.Wsl" } ]
+        },
+        {
+            "type": "folder",
+            "name": "Visual Studio",
+            "entries": [ { "type": "matchProfile", "source": "Microsoft.Terminal.VisualStudio" } ]
+        },
+        // ... etc for other profile generators
+        { "type": "remainingProfiles" }
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+I might only recommend that for `userDefaults.json`, which is the json files
+used as a template for a user's new settings file. This would prevent us from
+moving the user's cheese too much, if they're already using the Terminal and
+happy with their list as is. Especially consider someone who's default profile
+is a WSL distro, which would now need two clicks to get to.
+
+> _note_: We will also want to support the same `{ "key": "SomeResourceString"}`
+> syntax used by the Command Palette commands
+> for specifying localizable names, if we chose to pursue this route.
+
 ### Other considerations
 
 Also considered during the investigation for this feature was re-using the list
@@ -154,6 +228,42 @@ The design chosen in this spec more cleanly separates the responsibilities of
 the list of profiles and the contents of the new tab menu. This way, each object
 can be defined independent of the structure of the other.
 
+Regarding implementation of `matchProfile` entries: In order to build the menu,
+we'll evaluate the entries in the following order:
+
+* all explicit `profile` entries
+* then all `matchProfile` entries, using profiles not already specified
+* then expand out `remainingProfiles` with anything not found above.
+
+As an example:
+
+```jsonc
+{
+    "newTabMenu": [
+        { "type": "matchProfile", "source": "Microsoft.Terminal.Wsl" }
+        {
+            "type": "folder",
+            "name": "WSLs",
+            "entries": [ { "type": "matchProfile", "source": "Microsoft.Terminal.Wsl" } ]
+        },
+        { "type": "remainingProfiles" }
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+For profiles { "Profile A", "Profile B (WSL)", "Profile C (WSL)" }, This would
+expand to:
+
+```
+New Tab Button ▽
+├─ Profile A
+├─ Profile B (WSL)
+├─ Profile C (WSL)
+└─ WSLs
+   └─ Profile B (WSL)
+   └─ Profile C (WSL)
+```
+
 ## UI/UX Design
 
 See the above _figure 1_.
@@ -289,7 +399,39 @@ And assuming the user has bound:
     - Close Tab: `{ "action": "closeTab", "index": "${selectedTab.index}" }`
     - Close Other Tabs: `{ "action": "closeTabs", "otherThan": "${selectedTab.index}" }`
     - Close Tabs to the Right: `{ "action": "closeTabs", "after": "${selectedTab.index}" }`
+* We may want to consider regex, tag-based, or some other type of matching for
+  `matchProfile` entries in the future. We originally considered using regex for
+  `matchProfile` by default, but decided instead on full string matches to leave
+  room for regex matching in the future. Should we chose to pursue something
+  like that, we should use a settings structure like:
 
+  ```json
+  "type": "profileMatch",
+  "source": { "type": "regex", "value": ".*wsl.*" }
+  ```
+* We may want to expand `matchProfile` to match on other properties too. (`title`?)
+* We may want to consider adding support for capture groups, e.g.
+  ```json
+  {
+    "type": "profileMatch",
+    "name": { "type": "regex", "value": "^ssh: (.*)" }
+  }
+  ```
+  for matching to all your `ssh: ` profiles, but populate the name in the entry
+  with that first capture group. So, ["ssh: foo", "ssh: bar"] would just expand
+  to a "foo" and "bar" entry.
+
+## Updates
+
+_February 2022_: Doc updated in response to some discussion in [#11326] and
+[#7774]. In those PRs, it became clear that there needs to be a simple way of
+collecting up a whole group of profiles automatically for sorting in these
+menus. Although discussion centered on how hard it would be for extensions to
+provide that customization themselves, the `match` statement was added as a way
+to allow the user to easily filter those profiles themselves.
+
+This was something we had originally considered as a "future consideration", but
+ultimately deemed it to be out of scope for the initial spec review.
 
 <!-- Footnotes -->
 [#2046]: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/2046
@@ -298,3 +440,5 @@ And assuming the user has bound:
 [#3337]: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/3337
 [#6899]: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/6899
 [#7175]: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/7175
+[#11326]: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/11326
+[#7774]: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/7774

doc/specs/#492 - Default Terminal/spec.md

@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ Concerns:
 
 ### Accessibility
 
-Accessibility applications are the most likely to resort to a method of spelunking the process tree or window handles to attempt to find content to read out. Presuming they have hardcoded rules for console-type applications, these algorithms could be surprised by the substitution of another terminal environment.
+Accessibility applications are the most likely to resort to a method of spelunking the process tree or window handles to attempt to find content to read out. Presuming they have hard-coded rules for console-type applications, these algorithms could be surprised by the substitution of another terminal environment.
 
 The major players here that I am considering are NVDA, JAWS, and Narrator. As far as I am aware, all of these applications attempt to drive their interactivity through UI Automation where possible. And we have worked with all of these applications in the past in improving their support for both `conhost.exe` and the Windows Terminal product. I have relatively high confidence that we will be able to work with them again to help update these assistive products to understand the new UI delegation, if necessary.
 

doc/specs/#4993 - Keyboard Selection/Keyboard-Selection.md

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ These are in accordance with ConHost's keyboard selection model.
 
 This idea was abandoned due to several reasons:
 1. Keyboard selection should be a standard way to interact with a terminal across all consumers (i.e. WPF control, etc.)
-2. There isn't really another set of key bindings that makes sense for this. We already hardcoded <kbd>ESC</kbd> as a way to clear the selection. This is just an extension of that.
+2. There isn't really another set of key bindings that makes sense for this. We already hard-coded <kbd>ESC</kbd> as a way to clear the selection. This is just an extension of that.
 3. Adding 12 conditionally effective key bindings takes the spot of 12 potential non-conditional key bindings. It would be nice if a different key binding could be set when the selection is not active, but that makes the settings design much more complicated.
 4. 12 new items in the command palette is also pretty excessive.
 5. If proven wrong when this is in WT Preview, we can revisit this and make them customizable then. It's better to add the ability to customize it later than take it away.

doc/specs/#754 - Cascading Default Settings.md

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ greater detail below:
 
 ### Default Settings
 
-We'll have a static version of the "Default" file **hardcoded within the
+We'll have a static version of the "Default" file **hard-coded within the
 application package**. This `defaults.json` file will live within the
 application's package, which will prevent users from being able to edit it.
 
@@ -128,19 +128,19 @@ won't actually be generated, but because it's shipped with our app, it'll be
 overridden each time the app is updated. "Auto-generated" should be good enough
 to indicate to users that it should not be modified.
 
-Because the `defaults.json` file is hardcoded within our application, we can use
+Because the `defaults.json` file is hard-coded within our application, we can use
 its text directly, without loading the file from disk. This should help save
 some startup time, as we'll only need to load the user settings from disk.
 
 When we make changes to the default settings, or we make changes to the settings
-schema, we should make sure that we update the hardcoded `defaults.json` with
+schema, we should make sure that we update the hard-coded `defaults.json` with
 the new values. That way, the `defaults.json` file will always have the complete
 set of settings in it.
 
 ### Layering settings
 
 When we load the settings, we'll do it in three stages. First, we'll deserialize
-the default settings that we've hardcoded. We'll then generate any profiles that
+the default settings that we've hard-coded. We'll then generate any profiles that
 might come from dynamic profile sources. Then, we'll intelligently layer the
 user's setting upon those we've already loaded. If a user wants to make changes
 to some objects, like the default profiles, we'll need to make sure to load from

doc/specs/#885 - Terminal Settings Model/#885 - Terminal Settings Model.md

@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ For `settings.json`, `_globals` will only hold the values set in `settings.json`
 This process becomes a bit more complex for `Profile` because it can fallback in the following order:
 1. `settings.json` profile
 2. `settings.json` `profiles.defaults`
-3. (if a dynamic profile) the hardcoded value in the dynamic profile generator
+3. (if a dynamic profile) the hard-coded value in the dynamic profile generator
 4. `defaults.json` profile
 
 `CascadiaSettings` must do the following...
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ TerminalApp will construct and reference a `CascadiaSettings settings` as follow
    and layers the settings.json data on top of it.
 - check for errors/warnings, and handle them appropriately
 
-This will be different from the current model which has the settings.json path hardcoded, and is simplified
+This will be different from the current model which has the settings.json path hard-coded, and is simplified
  to a `LoadAll()` call wrapped in error handlers.
 
 **NOTE:** This model allows us to layer even more settings files on top of the existing Terminal Settings

gitbranch.cmd

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-@echo off
-git branch | D:\dev\private\OpenConsole\bin\x64\Debug\Scratch.exe --prefix "git checkout "

oss/interval_tree/IntervalTree.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <iostream>
 #include <memory>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <limits>
 
 #ifdef USE_INTERVAL_TREE_NAMESPACE
 namespace interval_tree

oss/interval_tree/MAINTAINER_README.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ That provenance file is automatically read and inventoried by Microsoft systems
 
 ## What should be done to update this in the future?
 
-1. Go to ekg/intervaltreerepository on GitHub.
+1. Go to the ekg/intervaltree repository on GitHub.
 2. Take the file IntervalTree.h wholesale and drop it into the directory here.
 3. Don't change anything about it.
 4. Validate that the license in the root of the repository didn't change and update it if so. It is sitting in the same directory as this readme.

oss/interval_tree/cgmanifest.json

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
         "type": "git",
         "git": {
           "repositoryUrl": "https://github.com/ekg/intervaltree",
-          "commitHash": "b90527f9e6d51cd36ecbb50429e4524d3a418ea5"
+          "commitHash": "aa5937755000f1cd007402d03b6f7ce4427c5d21"
         }
       }
     }

oss/libpopcnt/cgmanifest.json

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
         "type": "git",
         "git": {
           "repositoryUrl": "https://github.com/kimwalisch/libpopcnt",
-          "commitHash": "043a99fba31121a70bcb2f589faa17f534ae6085"
+          "commitHash": "c49987e90e56191c399cab881ab87b5daecc9b8e"
         }
       }
     }

samples/ConPTY/EchoCon/EchoCon/EchoCon.vcxproj

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
     <ProjectGuid>{96274800-9574-423E-892A-909FBE2AC8BE}</ProjectGuid>
     <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
     <RootNamespace>EchoCon</RootNamespace>
-    <WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>10.0.22000.0</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>
+    <WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>10.0.22621.0</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>
     <WindowsTargetPlatformMinVersion>10.0.17763.0</WindowsTargetPlatformMinVersion>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />

scratch/ScratchIslandApp/Package/Package.appxmanifest

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
   </Properties>
 
   <Dependencies>
-    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Desktop" MinVersion="10.0.19041.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22000.0" />
+    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Desktop" MinVersion="10.0.19041.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22621.0" />
   </Dependencies>
 
   <Resources>

scratch/ScratchIslandApp/Package/Package.wapproj

@@ -136,12 +136,12 @@
   <!-- **END VC LIBS HACK** -->
 
   <!-- This is required to get the package dependency in the AppXManifest. -->
-  <Import Project="..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets" Condition="Exists('..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" />
+  <Import Project="..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets" Condition="Exists('..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" />
   <Target Name="EnsureNuGetPackageBuildImports" BeforeTargets="PrepareForBuild">
     <PropertyGroup>
       <ErrorText>This project references NuGet package(s) that are missing on this computer. Use NuGet Package Restore to download them.  For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=322105. The missing file is {0}.</ErrorText>
     </PropertyGroup>
-    <Error Condition="!Exists('..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" Text="$([System.String]::Format('$(ErrorText)', '..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets'))" />
+    <Error Condition="!Exists('..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" Text="$([System.String]::Format('$(ErrorText)', '..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets'))" />
   </Target>
 
 

scratch/ScratchIslandApp/SampleApp/SampleAppLib.vcxproj

@@ -147,18 +147,18 @@
   <!-- This -must- go after cppwinrt.build.post.props because that includes many VS-provided props including appcontainer.common.props, which stomps on what cppwinrt.targets did. -->
   <Import Project="$(OpenConsoleDir)src\common.nugetversions.targets" />
 
-  <Import Project="$(OpenConsoleDir)packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets" Condition="Exists('$(OpenConsoleDir)packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" />
+  <Import Project="$(OpenConsoleDir)packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets" Condition="Exists('$(OpenConsoleDir)packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" />
   <Target Name="EnsureNuGetPackageBuildImports" BeforeTargets="PrepareForBuild">
     <PropertyGroup>
       <ErrorText>This project references NuGet package(s) that are missing on this computer. Use NuGet Package Restore to download them.  For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=322105. The missing file is {0}.</ErrorText>
     </PropertyGroup>
-    <Error Condition="!Exists('$(OpenConsoleDir)packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" Text="$([System.String]::Format('$(ErrorText)', '$(OpenConsoleDir)\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets'))" />
+    <Error Condition="!Exists('$(OpenConsoleDir)packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" Text="$([System.String]::Format('$(ErrorText)', '$(OpenConsoleDir)\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets'))" />
   </Target>
 
   <!--
     By default, the PRI file will contain resource paths beginning with the
     project name. Since we enabled XBF embedding, this *also* includes App.xbf.
-    Well, App.xbf is hardcoded by the framework to be found at the resource ROOT.
+    Well, App.xbf is hard-coded by the framework to be found at the resource ROOT.
     To make that happen, we have to disable the prepending of the project name
     to the App xaml files.
   -->

scratch/ScratchIslandApp/SampleApp/dll/SampleApp.vcxproj

@@ -91,12 +91,12 @@
     </Link>
   </ItemDefinitionGroup>
 
-  <Import Project="$(OpenConsoleDir)packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets" Condition="Exists('$(OpenConsoleDir)packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" />
+  <Import Project="$(OpenConsoleDir)packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets" Condition="Exists('$(OpenConsoleDir)packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" />
   <Target Name="EnsureNuGetPackageBuildImports" BeforeTargets="PrepareForBuild">
     <PropertyGroup>
       <ErrorText>This project references NuGet package(s) that are missing on this computer. Use NuGet Package Restore to download them.  For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=322105. The missing file is {0}.</ErrorText>
     </PropertyGroup>
-    <Error Condition="!Exists('$(OpenConsoleDir)\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" Text="$([System.String]::Format('$(ErrorText)', '$(OpenConsoleDir)\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets'))" />
+    <Error Condition="!Exists('$(OpenConsoleDir)\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" Text="$([System.String]::Format('$(ErrorText)', '$(OpenConsoleDir)\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets'))" />
   </Target>
 
   <ItemDefinitionGroup>

scratch/ScratchIslandApp/SampleApp/packages.config

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <packages>
   <package id="Microsoft.Toolkit.Win32.UI.XamlApplication" version="6.1.3" targetFramework="native" />
-  <package id="Microsoft.UI.Xaml" version="2.7.1" targetFramework="native" />
+  <package id="Microsoft.UI.Xaml" version="2.7.3" targetFramework="native" />
   <package id="Microsoft.Windows.CppWinRT" version="2.0.210825.3" targetFramework="native" />
 </packages>

scratch/ScratchIslandApp/WindowExe/WindowExe.vcxproj

@@ -144,12 +144,12 @@
 
   <Import Project="$(OpenConsoleDir)src\cppwinrt.build.post.props" />
 
-  <Import Project="..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets" Condition="Exists('..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" />
+  <Import Project="..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets" Condition="Exists('..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" />
   <Target Name="EnsureNuGetPackageBuildImports" BeforeTargets="PrepareForBuild">
     <PropertyGroup>
       <ErrorText>This project references NuGet package(s) that are missing on this computer. Use NuGet Package Restore to download them.  For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=322105. The missing file is {0}.</ErrorText>
     </PropertyGroup>
-    <Error Condition="!Exists('..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" Text="$([System.String]::Format('$(ErrorText)', '..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.1\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets'))" />
+    <Error Condition="!Exists('..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets')" Text="$([System.String]::Format('$(ErrorText)', '..\..\..\packages\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.7.3\build\native\Microsoft.UI.Xaml.targets'))" />
   </Target>
 
   <!-- Override GetPackagingOutputs to roll up all our dependencies.

scratch/ScratchIslandApp/WindowExe/packages.config

@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 <packages>
   <package id="Microsoft.Windows.CppWinRT" version="2.0.210825.3" targetFramework="native" />
   <package id="Microsoft.Toolkit.Win32.UI.XamlApplication" version="6.1.3" targetFramework="native" />
-  <package id="Microsoft.UI.Xaml" version="2.7.1" targetFramework="native" />
+  <package id="Microsoft.UI.Xaml" version="2.7.3" targetFramework="native" />
   <package id="Microsoft.VCRTForwarders.140" version="1.0.4" targetFramework="native" />
 </packages>

src/audio/midi/MidiAudio.cpp

@@ -5,11 +5,6 @@
 #include "MidiAudio.hpp"
 #include "../terminal/parser/stateMachine.hpp"
 
-#include <dsound.h>
-
-#pragma comment(lib, "dxguid.lib")
-#pragma comment(lib, "dsound.lib")
-
 using Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr;
 using namespace std::chrono_literals;
 
@@ -18,66 +13,48 @@ using namespace std::chrono_literals;
 constexpr auto WAVE_SIZE = 16u;
 constexpr auto WAVE_DATA = std::array<byte, WAVE_SIZE>{ 128, 159, 191, 223, 255, 223, 191, 159, 128, 96, 64, 32, 0, 32, 64, 96 };
 
-MidiAudio::MidiAudio(HWND windowHandle)
+void MidiAudio::_initialize(HWND windowHandle) noexcept
 {
-    if (SUCCEEDED(DirectSoundCreate8(nullptr, &_directSound, nullptr)))
+    _hwnd = windowHandle;
+    _directSoundModule.reset(LoadLibraryExW(L"dsound.dll", nullptr, LOAD_LIBRARY_SEARCH_SYSTEM32));
+    if (_directSoundModule)
     {
-        if (SUCCEEDED(_directSound->SetCooperativeLevel(windowHandle, DSSCL_NORMAL)))
+        if (const auto createFunction = GetProcAddressByFunctionDeclaration(_directSoundModule.get(), DirectSoundCreate8))
         {
-            _createBuffers();
+            if (SUCCEEDED(createFunction(nullptr, &_directSound, nullptr)))
+            {
+                if (SUCCEEDED(_directSound->SetCooperativeLevel(windowHandle, DSSCL_NORMAL)))
+                {
+                    _createBuffers();
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
-MidiAudio::~MidiAudio() noexcept
+void MidiAudio::BeginSkip() noexcept
 {
-    try
-    {
-#pragma warning(suppress : 26447)
-        // We acquire the lock here so the class isn't destroyed while in use.
-        // If this throws, we'll catch it, so the C26447 warning is bogus.
-        const auto lock = std::unique_lock{ _inUseMutex };
-    }
-    catch (...)
-    {
-        // If the lock fails, we'll just have to live with the consequences.
-    }
+    _skip.SetEvent();
 }
 
-void MidiAudio::Initialize()
+void MidiAudio::EndSkip() noexcept
 {
-    _shutdownFuture = _shutdownPromise.get_future();
+    _skip.ResetEvent();
 }
 
-void MidiAudio::Shutdown()
-{
-    // Once the shutdown promise is set, any note that is playing will stop
-    // immediately, and the Unlock call will exit the thread ASAP.
-    _shutdownPromise.set_value();
-}
-
-void MidiAudio::Lock()
-{
-    _inUseMutex.lock();
-}
-
-void MidiAudio::Unlock()
-{
-    // We need to check the shutdown status before releasing the mutex,
-    // because after that the class could be destroyed.
-    const auto shutdownStatus = _shutdownFuture.wait_for(0s);
-    _inUseMutex.unlock();
-    // If the wait didn't timeout, that means the shutdown promise was set,
-    // so we need to exit the thread ASAP by throwing an exception.
-    if (shutdownStatus != std::future_status::timeout)
-    {
-        throw Microsoft::Console::VirtualTerminal::StateMachine::ShutdownException{};
-    }
-}
-
-void MidiAudio::PlayNote(const int noteNumber, const int velocity, const std::chrono::microseconds duration) noexcept
+void MidiAudio::PlayNote(HWND windowHandle, const int noteNumber, const int velocity, const std::chrono::milliseconds duration) noexcept
 try
 {
+    if (_skip.is_signaled())
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (_hwnd != windowHandle)
+    {
+        _initialize(windowHandle);
+    }
+
     const auto& buffer = _buffers.at(_activeBufferIndex);
     if (velocity && buffer)
     {
@@ -100,10 +77,10 @@ try
         buffer->SetCurrentPosition((_lastBufferPosition + 12) % WAVE_SIZE);
     }
 
-    // By waiting on the shutdown future with the duration of the note, we'll
-    // either be paused for the appropriate amount of time, or we'll break out
-    // of the wait early if we've been shutdown.
-    _shutdownFuture.wait_for(duration);
+    // By waiting on the skip event with a maximum duration of the note, we'll
+    // either be paused for the appropriate amount of time, or we'll break out early
+    // because BeginSkip() was called. This happens for Ctrl+C or during shutdown.
+    _skip.wait(::base::saturated_cast<DWORD>(duration.count()));
 
     if (velocity && buffer)
     {

src/audio/midi/MidiAudio.hpp

@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ Abstract:
 #pragma once
 
 #include <array>
-#include <future>
-#include <mutex>
 
 struct IDirectSound8;
 struct IDirectSoundBuffer;
@@ -21,26 +19,20 @@ struct IDirectSoundBuffer;
 class MidiAudio
 {
 public:
-    MidiAudio(HWND windowHandle);
-    MidiAudio(const MidiAudio&) = delete;
-    MidiAudio(MidiAudio&&) = delete;
-    MidiAudio& operator=(const MidiAudio&) = delete;
-    MidiAudio& operator=(MidiAudio&&) = delete;
-    ~MidiAudio() noexcept;
-    void Initialize();
-    void Shutdown();
-    void Lock();
-    void Unlock();
-    void PlayNote(const int noteNumber, const int velocity, const std::chrono::microseconds duration) noexcept;
+    void BeginSkip() noexcept;
+    void EndSkip() noexcept;
+    void PlayNote(HWND windowHandle, const int noteNumber, const int velocity, const std::chrono::milliseconds duration) noexcept;
 
 private:
+    void _initialize(HWND windowHandle) noexcept;
     void _createBuffers() noexcept;
 
-    Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<IDirectSound8> _directSound;
-    std::array<Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<IDirectSoundBuffer>, 2> _buffers;
+    wil::slim_event_manual_reset _skip;
+
+    HWND _hwnd = nullptr;
+    wil::unique_hmodule _directSoundModule;
+    wil::com_ptr<IDirectSound8> _directSound;
+    std::array<wil::com_ptr<IDirectSoundBuffer>, 2> _buffers;
     size_t _activeBufferIndex = 0;
     DWORD _lastBufferPosition = 0;
-    std::promise<void> _shutdownPromise;
-    std::future<void> _shutdownFuture;
-    std::mutex _inUseMutex;
 };

src/audio/midi/lib/sources.dep

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+BUILD_PASS1_CONSUMES= \
+    onecore\windows\vcpkg|PASS1 \
+

src/audio/midi/precomp.h

@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@ Abstract:
 #endif
 
 // Windows Header Files:
-#include <windows.h>
+#include <Windows.h>
+
 #include <mmeapi.h>
+#include <dsound.h>
 
 // clang-format on

src/buffer/out/AttrRow.cpp

@@ -1,134 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
-// Licensed under the MIT license.
-
-#include "precomp.h"
-#include "AttrRow.hpp"
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - constructor
-// Arguments:
-// - cchRowWidth - the length of the default text attribute
-// - attr - the default text attribute
-// Return Value:
-// - constructed object
-ATTR_ROW::ATTR_ROW(const til::CoordType width, const TextAttribute attr) :
-    _data(gsl::narrow_cast<uint16_t>(width), attr) {}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Sets all properties of the ATTR_ROW to default values
-// Arguments:
-// - attr - The default text attributes to use on text in this row.
-void ATTR_ROW::Reset(const TextAttribute attr)
-{
-    _data.replace(0, _data.size(), attr);
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Takes an existing row of attributes, and changes the length so that it fills the NewWidth.
-//     If the new size is bigger, then the last attr is extended to fill the NewWidth.
-//     If the new size is smaller, the runs are cut off to fit.
-// Arguments:
-// - oldWidth - The original width of the row.
-// - newWidth - The new width of the row.
-// Return Value:
-// - <none>, throws exceptions on failures.
-void ATTR_ROW::Resize(const til::CoordType newWidth)
-{
-    _data.resize_trailing_extent(gsl::narrow<uint16_t>(newWidth));
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - returns a copy of the TextAttribute at the specified column
-// Arguments:
-// - column - the column to get the attribute for
-// Return Value:
-// - the text attribute at column
-// Note:
-// - will throw on error
-TextAttribute ATTR_ROW::GetAttrByColumn(const til::CoordType column) const
-{
-    return _data.at(gsl::narrow<uint16_t>(column));
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Finds the hyperlink IDs present in this row and returns them
-// Return value:
-// - The hyperlink IDs present in this row
-std::vector<uint16_t> ATTR_ROW::GetHyperlinks() const
-{
-    std::vector<uint16_t> ids;
-    for (const auto& run : _data.runs())
-    {
-        if (run.value.IsHyperlink())
-        {
-            ids.emplace_back(run.value.GetHyperlinkId());
-        }
-    }
-    return ids;
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Sets the attributes (colors) of all character positions from the given position through the end of the row.
-// Arguments:
-// - iStart - Starting index position within the row
-// - attr - Attribute (color) to fill remaining characters with
-// Return Value:
-// - <none>
-bool ATTR_ROW::SetAttrToEnd(const til::CoordType beginIndex, const TextAttribute attr)
-{
-    _data.replace(gsl::narrow<uint16_t>(beginIndex), _data.size(), attr);
-    return true;
-}
-
-// Method Description:
-// - Replaces all runs in the row with the given toBeReplacedAttr with the new
-//      attribute replaceWith.
-// Arguments:
-// - toBeReplacedAttr - the attribute to replace in this row.
-// - replaceWith - the new value for the matching runs' attributes.
-// Return Value:
-// - <none>
-void ATTR_ROW::ReplaceAttrs(const TextAttribute& toBeReplacedAttr, const TextAttribute& replaceWith)
-{
-    _data.replace_values(toBeReplacedAttr, replaceWith);
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Takes an attribute, and merges it into this row from beginIndex (inclusive) to endIndex (exclusive).
-// - For example, if the current row was [{4, BLUE}], the merge arguments were
-//   { beginIndex = 1, endIndex = 3, newAttr = RED }, then the row would modified to be
-//   [{ 1, BLUE}, {2, RED}, {1, BLUE}].
-// Arguments:
-// - beginIndex, endIndex: The [beginIndex, endIndex) range that's to be replaced with newAttr.
-// - newAttr: The attribute to merge into this row.
-// Return Value:
-// - <none>
-void ATTR_ROW::Replace(const til::CoordType beginIndex, const til::CoordType endIndex, const TextAttribute& newAttr)
-{
-    _data.replace(gsl::narrow<uint16_t>(beginIndex), gsl::narrow<uint16_t>(endIndex), newAttr);
-}
-
-ATTR_ROW::const_iterator ATTR_ROW::begin() const noexcept
-{
-    return _data.begin();
-}
-
-ATTR_ROW::const_iterator ATTR_ROW::end() const noexcept
-{
-    return _data.end();
-}
-
-ATTR_ROW::const_iterator ATTR_ROW::cbegin() const noexcept
-{
-    return _data.cbegin();
-}
-
-ATTR_ROW::const_iterator ATTR_ROW::cend() const noexcept
-{
-    return _data.cend();
-}
-
-bool operator==(const ATTR_ROW& a, const ATTR_ROW& b) noexcept
-{
-    return a._data == b._data;
-}

src/buffer/out/AttrRow.hpp

@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-/*++
-Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
-Licensed under the MIT license.
-
-Module Name:
-- AttrRow.hpp
-
-Abstract:
-- contains data structure for the attributes of one row of screen buffer
-
-Author(s):
-- Michael Niksa (miniksa) 10-Apr-2014
-- Paul Campbell (paulcam) 10-Apr-2014
-
-Revision History:
-- From components of output.h/.c
-  by Therese Stowell (ThereseS) 1990-1991
-- Pulled into its own file from textBuffer.hpp/cpp (AustDi, 2017)
---*/
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include "til/rle.h"
-#include "TextAttribute.hpp"
-
-class ATTR_ROW final
-{
-    using rle_vector = til::small_rle<TextAttribute, uint16_t, 1>;
-
-public:
-    using const_iterator = rle_vector::const_iterator;
-
-    ATTR_ROW(til::CoordType width, TextAttribute attr);
-
-    ~ATTR_ROW() = default;
-
-    ATTR_ROW(const ATTR_ROW&) = default;
-    ATTR_ROW& operator=(const ATTR_ROW&) = default;
-    ATTR_ROW(ATTR_ROW&&)
-    noexcept = default;
-    ATTR_ROW& operator=(ATTR_ROW&&) noexcept = default;
-
-    TextAttribute GetAttrByColumn(til::CoordType column) const;
-    std::vector<uint16_t> GetHyperlinks() const;
-
-    bool SetAttrToEnd(til::CoordType beginIndex, TextAttribute attr);
-    void ReplaceAttrs(const TextAttribute& toBeReplacedAttr, const TextAttribute& replaceWith);
-    void Resize(til::CoordType newWidth);
-    void Replace(til::CoordType beginIndex, til::CoordType endIndex, const TextAttribute& newAttr);
-
-    const_iterator begin() const noexcept;
-    const_iterator end() const noexcept;
-
-    const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept;
-    const_iterator cend() const noexcept;
-
-    friend bool operator==(const ATTR_ROW& a, const ATTR_ROW& b) noexcept;
-    friend class ROW;
-
-private:
-    void Reset(const TextAttribute attr);
-
-    rle_vector _data;
-
-#ifdef UNIT_TESTING
-    friend class CommonState;
-#endif
-};

src/buffer/out/CharRow.cpp

@@ -1,281 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
-// Licensed under the MIT license.
-
-#include "precomp.h"
-
-#include "CharRow.hpp"
-#include "unicode.hpp"
-#include "Row.hpp"
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - constructor
-// Arguments:
-// - rowWidth - the size (in wchar_t) of the char and attribute rows
-// - pParent - the parent ROW
-// Return Value:
-// - instantiated object
-// Note: will through if unable to allocate char/attribute buffers
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 26447) // small_vector's constructor says it can throw but it should not given how we use it.  This suppresses this error for the AuditMode build.
-CharRow::CharRow(til::CoordType rowWidth, ROW* const pParent) noexcept :
-    _data(rowWidth, value_type()),
-    _pParent{ FAIL_FAST_IF_NULL(pParent) }
-{
-}
-#pragma warning(pop)
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - gets the size of the row, in glyph cells
-// Arguments:
-// - <none>
-// Return Value:
-// - the size of the row
-til::CoordType CharRow::size() const noexcept
-{
-    return gsl::narrow_cast<til::CoordType>(_data.size());
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Sets all properties of the CharRowBase to default values
-// Arguments:
-// - sRowWidth - The width of the row.
-// Return Value:
-// - <none>
-void CharRow::Reset() noexcept
-{
-    for (auto& cell : _data)
-    {
-        cell.Reset();
-    }
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - resizes the width of the CharRowBase
-// Arguments:
-// - newSize - the new width of the character and attributes rows
-// Return Value:
-// - S_OK on success, otherwise relevant error code
-[[nodiscard]] HRESULT CharRow::Resize(const til::CoordType newSize) noexcept
-{
-    try
-    {
-        const value_type insertVals;
-        _data.resize(newSize, insertVals);
-    }
-    CATCH_RETURN();
-
-    return S_OK;
-}
-
-typename CharRow::iterator CharRow::begin() noexcept
-{
-    return _data.begin();
-}
-
-typename CharRow::const_iterator CharRow::cbegin() const noexcept
-{
-    return _data.cbegin();
-}
-
-typename CharRow::iterator CharRow::end() noexcept
-{
-    return _data.end();
-}
-
-typename CharRow::const_iterator CharRow::cend() const noexcept
-{
-    return _data.cend();
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Inspects the current internal string to find the left edge of it
-// Arguments:
-// - <none>
-// Return Value:
-// - The calculated left boundary of the internal string.
-til::CoordType CharRow::MeasureLeft() const noexcept
-{
-    auto it = _data.cbegin();
-    while (it != _data.cend() && it->IsSpace())
-    {
-        ++it;
-    }
-    return gsl::narrow_cast<til::CoordType>(it - _data.cbegin());
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Inspects the current internal string to find the right edge of it
-// Arguments:
-// - <none>
-// Return Value:
-// - The calculated right boundary of the internal string.
-til::CoordType CharRow::MeasureRight() const
-{
-    auto it = _data.crbegin();
-    while (it != _data.crend() && it->IsSpace())
-    {
-        ++it;
-    }
-    return gsl::narrow_cast<til::CoordType>(_data.crend() - it);
-}
-
-void CharRow::ClearCell(const til::CoordType column)
-{
-    _data.at(column).Reset();
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Tells you whether or not this row contains any valid text.
-// Arguments:
-// - <none>
-// Return Value:
-// - True if there is valid text in this row. False otherwise.
-bool CharRow::ContainsText() const noexcept
-{
-    for (const auto& cell : _data)
-    {
-        if (!cell.IsSpace())
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - gets the attribute at the specified column
-// Arguments:
-// - column - the column to get the attribute for
-// Return Value:
-// - the attribute
-// Note: will throw exception if column is out of bounds
-const DbcsAttribute& CharRow::DbcsAttrAt(const til::CoordType column) const
-{
-    return _data.at(column).DbcsAttr();
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - gets the attribute at the specified column
-// Arguments:
-// - column - the column to get the attribute for
-// Return Value:
-// - the attribute
-// Note: will throw exception if column is out of bounds
-DbcsAttribute& CharRow::DbcsAttrAt(const til::CoordType column)
-{
-    return _data.at(column).DbcsAttr();
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - resets text data at column
-// Arguments:
-// - column - column index to clear text data from
-// Return Value:
-// - <none>
-// Note: will throw exception if column is out of bounds
-void CharRow::ClearGlyph(const til::CoordType column)
-{
-    _data.at(column).EraseChars();
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - returns text data at column as a const reference.
-// Arguments:
-// - column - column to get text data for
-// Return Value:
-// - text data at column
-// - Note: will throw exception if column is out of bounds
-const CharRow::reference CharRow::GlyphAt(const til::CoordType column) const
-{
-    THROW_HR_IF(E_INVALIDARG, column < 0 || column >= gsl::narrow_cast<til::CoordType>(_data.size()));
-    return { const_cast<CharRow&>(*this), column };
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - returns text data at column as a reference.
-// Arguments:
-// - column - column to get text data for
-// Return Value:
-// - text data at column
-// - Note: will throw exception if column is out of bounds
-CharRow::reference CharRow::GlyphAt(const til::CoordType column)
-{
-    THROW_HR_IF(E_INVALIDARG, column < 0 || column >= gsl::narrow_cast<til::CoordType>(_data.size()));
-    return { *this, column };
-}
-
-std::wstring CharRow::GetText(const til::CoordType start) const
-{
-    std::wstring wstr;
-    wstr.reserve(_data.size());
-
-    for (til::CoordType i = start; i < gsl::narrow_cast<til::CoordType>(_data.size()); ++i)
-    {
-        const auto glyph = GlyphAt(i);
-        if (!DbcsAttrAt(i).IsTrailing())
-        {
-            for (const auto wch : glyph)
-            {
-                wstr.push_back(wch);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    return wstr;
-}
-
-// Method Description:
-// - get delimiter class for a position in the char row
-// - used for double click selection and uia word navigation
-// Arguments:
-// - column: column to get text data for
-// - wordDelimiters: the delimiters defined as a part of the DelimiterClass::DelimiterChar
-// Return Value:
-// - the delimiter class for the given char
-const DelimiterClass CharRow::DelimiterClassAt(const til::CoordType column, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const
-{
-    THROW_HR_IF(E_INVALIDARG, column < 0 || column >= gsl::narrow_cast<til::CoordType>(_data.size()));
-
-    const auto glyph = *GlyphAt(column).begin();
-    if (glyph <= UNICODE_SPACE)
-    {
-        return DelimiterClass::ControlChar;
-    }
-    else if (wordDelimiters.find(glyph) != std::wstring_view::npos)
-    {
-        return DelimiterClass::DelimiterChar;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return DelimiterClass::RegularChar;
-    }
-}
-
-UnicodeStorage& CharRow::GetUnicodeStorage() noexcept
-{
-    return _pParent->GetUnicodeStorage();
-}
-
-const UnicodeStorage& CharRow::GetUnicodeStorage() const noexcept
-{
-    return _pParent->GetUnicodeStorage();
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - calculates the key used by the given column of the char row to store glyph data in UnicodeStorage
-// Arguments:
-// - column - the column to generate the key for
-// Return Value:
-// - the til::point key for data access from UnicodeStorage for the column
-til::point CharRow::GetStorageKey(const til::CoordType column) const noexcept
-{
-    return { column, _pParent->GetId() };
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Updates the pointer to the parent row (which might change if we shuffle the rows around)
-// Arguments:
-// - pParent - Pointer to the parent row
-void CharRow::UpdateParent(ROW* const pParent)
-{
-    _pParent = FAIL_FAST_IF_NULL(pParent);
-}

src/buffer/out/CharRow.hpp

@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-/*++
-Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
-Licensed under the MIT license.
-
-Module Name:
-- CharRow.hpp
-
-Abstract:
-- contains data structure for UCS2 encoded character data of a row
-
-Author(s):
-- Michael Niksa (miniksa) 10-Apr-2014
-- Paul Campbell (paulcam) 10-Apr-2014
-
-Revision History:
-- From components of output.h/.c
-  by Therese Stowell (ThereseS) 1990-1991
-- Pulled into its own file from textBuffer.hpp/cpp (AustDi, 2017)
---*/
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <til/small_vector.h>
-
-#include "DbcsAttribute.hpp"
-#include "CharRowCellReference.hpp"
-#include "CharRowCell.hpp"
-#include "UnicodeStorage.hpp"
-
-class ROW;
-
-enum class DelimiterClass
-{
-    ControlChar,
-    DelimiterChar,
-    RegularChar
-};
-
-// the characters of one row of screen buffer
-// we keep the following values so that we don't write
-// more pixels to the screen than we have to:
-// left is initialized to screenbuffer width.  right is
-// initialized to zero.
-//
-//      [     foo.bar    12-12-61                       ]
-//       ^    ^                  ^                     ^
-//       |    |                  |                     |
-//     Chars Left               Right                end of Chars buffer
-class CharRow final
-{
-public:
-    using glyph_type = wchar_t;
-    using value_type = CharRowCell;
-    using iterator = til::small_vector<value_type, 120>::iterator;
-    using const_iterator = til::small_vector<value_type, 120>::const_iterator;
-    using const_reverse_iterator = til::small_vector<value_type, 120>::const_reverse_iterator;
-    using reference = CharRowCellReference;
-
-    CharRow(til::CoordType rowWidth, ROW* const pParent) noexcept;
-
-    til::CoordType size() const noexcept;
-    [[nodiscard]] HRESULT Resize(const til::CoordType newSize) noexcept;
-    til::CoordType MeasureLeft() const noexcept;
-    til::CoordType MeasureRight() const;
-    bool ContainsText() const noexcept;
-    const DbcsAttribute& DbcsAttrAt(const til::CoordType column) const;
-    DbcsAttribute& DbcsAttrAt(const til::CoordType column);
-    void ClearGlyph(const til::CoordType column);
-
-    const DelimiterClass DelimiterClassAt(const til::CoordType column, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const;
-
-    // working with glyphs
-    const reference GlyphAt(const til::CoordType column) const;
-    reference GlyphAt(const til::CoordType column);
-
-    // iterators
-    iterator begin() noexcept;
-    const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept;
-    const_iterator begin() const noexcept { return cbegin(); }
-
-    iterator end() noexcept;
-    const_iterator cend() const noexcept;
-    const_iterator end() const noexcept { return cend(); }
-
-    UnicodeStorage& GetUnicodeStorage() noexcept;
-    const UnicodeStorage& GetUnicodeStorage() const noexcept;
-    til::point GetStorageKey(const til::CoordType column) const noexcept;
-
-    void UpdateParent(ROW* const pParent);
-
-    friend CharRowCellReference;
-    friend class ROW;
-
-private:
-    void Reset() noexcept;
-    void ClearCell(const til::CoordType column);
-    std::wstring GetText(const til::CoordType start = 0) const;
-
-protected:
-    // storage for glyph data and dbcs attributes
-    til::small_vector<value_type, 120> _data;
-
-    // ROW that this CharRow belongs to
-    ROW* _pParent;
-};
-
-template<typename InputIt1, typename InputIt2>
-void OverwriteColumns(InputIt1 startChars, InputIt1 endChars, InputIt2 startAttrs, CharRow::iterator outIt)
-{
-    std::transform(startChars,
-                   endChars,
-                   startAttrs,
-                   outIt,
-                   [](const wchar_t wch, const DbcsAttribute attr) {
-                       return CharRow::value_type{ wch, attr };
-                   });
-}

src/buffer/out/CharRowCell.cpp

@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
-// Licensed under the MIT license.
-#include "precomp.h"
-
-#include "CharRowCell.hpp"
-#include "unicode.hpp"
-
-// default glyph value, used for resetting the character data portion of a cell
-static constexpr wchar_t DefaultValue = UNICODE_SPACE;
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - "erases" the glyph. really sets it back to the default "empty" value
-void CharRowCell::EraseChars() noexcept
-{
-    if (_attr.IsGlyphStored())
-    {
-        _attr.SetGlyphStored(false);
-    }
-    _wch = DefaultValue;
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - resets this object back to the defaults it would have from the default constructor
-void CharRowCell::Reset() noexcept
-{
-    _attr.Reset();
-    _wch = DefaultValue;
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - checks if cell contains a space glyph
-// Return Value:
-// - true if cell contains a space glyph, false otherwise
-bool CharRowCell::IsSpace() const noexcept
-{
-    return !_attr.IsGlyphStored() && _wch == UNICODE_SPACE;
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Access the DbcsAttribute for the cell
-// Return Value:
-// - ref to the cells' DbcsAttribute
-DbcsAttribute& CharRowCell::DbcsAttr() noexcept
-{
-    return _attr;
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Access the DbcsAttribute for the cell
-// Return Value:
-// - ref to the cells' DbcsAttribute
-const DbcsAttribute& CharRowCell::DbcsAttr() const noexcept
-{
-    return _attr;
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Access the cell's wchar field. this does not access any char data through UnicodeStorage.
-// Return Value:
-// - the cell's wchar field
-wchar_t& CharRowCell::Char() noexcept
-{
-    return _wch;
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Access the cell's wchar field. this does not access any char data through UnicodeStorage.
-// Return Value:
-// - the cell's wchar field
-const wchar_t& CharRowCell::Char() const noexcept
-{
-    return _wch;
-}

src/buffer/out/CharRowCell.hpp

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-/*++
-Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
-Licensed under the MIT license.
-
-Module Name:
-- CharRowCell.hpp
-
-Abstract:
-- data structure for one cell of a char row. contains the char data for one
-  coordinate position in the output buffer (leading/trailing information and
-  the char itself.
-
-Author(s):
-- Austin Diviness (AustDi) 02-May-2018
---*/
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include "DbcsAttribute.hpp"
-#include "unicode.hpp"
-
-#if (defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_AMD64))
-// currently CharRowCell's fields use 3 bytes of memory, leaving the 4th byte in unused. this leads
-// to a rather large amount of useless memory allocated. so instead, pack CharRowCell by bytes instead of words.
-#pragma pack(push, 1)
-#endif
-
-class CharRowCell final
-{
-public:
-    CharRowCell() noexcept = default;
-    CharRowCell(const wchar_t wch, const DbcsAttribute attr) noexcept
-        :
-        _wch(wch),
-        _attr(attr)
-    {
-    }
-
-    void EraseChars() noexcept;
-    void Reset() noexcept;
-
-    bool IsSpace() const noexcept;
-
-    DbcsAttribute& DbcsAttr() noexcept;
-    const DbcsAttribute& DbcsAttr() const noexcept;
-
-    wchar_t& Char() noexcept;
-    const wchar_t& Char() const noexcept;
-
-    friend constexpr bool operator==(const CharRowCell& a, const CharRowCell& b) noexcept;
-
-private:
-    wchar_t _wch{ UNICODE_SPACE };
-    DbcsAttribute _attr{};
-};
-
-#if (defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_AMD64))
-#pragma pack(pop)
-#endif
-
-constexpr bool operator==(const CharRowCell& a, const CharRowCell& b) noexcept
-{
-    return (a._wch == b._wch &&
-            a._attr == b._attr);
-}

src/buffer/out/CharRowCellReference.cpp

@@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
-// Licensed under the MIT license.
-
-#include "precomp.h"
-#include "UnicodeStorage.hpp"
-#include "CharRow.hpp"
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - assignment operator. will store extended glyph data in a separate storage location
-// Arguments:
-// - chars - the glyph data to store
-void CharRowCellReference::operator=(const std::wstring_view chars)
-{
-    THROW_HR_IF(E_INVALIDARG, chars.empty());
-    if (chars.size() == 1)
-    {
-        _cellData().Char() = chars.front();
-        _cellData().DbcsAttr().SetGlyphStored(false);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        auto& storage = _parent.GetUnicodeStorage();
-        const auto key = _parent.GetStorageKey(_index);
-        storage.StoreGlyph(key, { chars.cbegin(), chars.cend() });
-        _cellData().DbcsAttr().SetGlyphStored(true);
-    }
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - implicit conversion to vector<wchar_t> operator.
-// Return Value:
-// - std::vector<wchar_t> of the glyph data in the referenced cell
-CharRowCellReference::operator std::wstring_view() const
-{
-    return _glyphData();
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - The CharRowCell this object "references"
-// Return Value:
-// - ref to the CharRowCell
-CharRowCell& CharRowCellReference::_cellData()
-{
-    return _parent._data.at(_index);
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - The CharRowCell this object "references"
-// Return Value:
-// - ref to the CharRowCell
-const CharRowCell& CharRowCellReference::_cellData() const
-{
-    return _parent._data.at(_index);
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - the glyph data of the referenced cell
-// Return Value:
-// - the glyph data
-std::wstring_view CharRowCellReference::_glyphData() const
-{
-    if (_cellData().DbcsAttr().IsGlyphStored())
-    {
-        const auto& text = _parent.GetUnicodeStorage().GetText(_parent.GetStorageKey(_index));
-
-        return { text.data(), text.size() };
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return { &_cellData().Char(), 1 };
-    }
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - gets read-only iterator to the beginning of the glyph data
-// Return Value:
-// - iterator of the glyph data
-CharRowCellReference::const_iterator CharRowCellReference::begin() const
-{
-    if (_cellData().DbcsAttr().IsGlyphStored())
-    {
-        return _parent.GetUnicodeStorage().GetText(_parent.GetStorageKey(_index)).data();
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return &_cellData().Char();
-    }
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - get read-only iterator to the end of the glyph data
-// Return Value:
-// - end iterator of the glyph data
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 26481)
-// TODO GH 2672: eliminate using pointers raw as begin/end markers in this class
-CharRowCellReference::const_iterator CharRowCellReference::end() const
-{
-    if (_cellData().DbcsAttr().IsGlyphStored())
-    {
-        const auto& chars = _parent.GetUnicodeStorage().GetText(_parent.GetStorageKey(_index));
-        return chars.data() + chars.size();
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return &_cellData().Char() + 1;
-    }
-}
-#pragma warning(pop)
-
-bool operator==(const CharRowCellReference& ref, const std::vector<wchar_t>& glyph)
-{
-    const auto& dbcsAttr = ref._cellData().DbcsAttr();
-    if (glyph.size() == 1 && dbcsAttr.IsGlyphStored())
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
-    else if (glyph.size() > 1 && !dbcsAttr.IsGlyphStored())
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
-    else if (glyph.size() == 1 && !dbcsAttr.IsGlyphStored())
-    {
-        return ref._cellData().Char() == glyph.front();
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        const auto& chars = ref._parent.GetUnicodeStorage().GetText(ref._parent.GetStorageKey(ref._index));
-        return chars == glyph;
-    }
-}
-
-bool operator==(const std::vector<wchar_t>& glyph, const CharRowCellReference& ref)
-{
-    return ref == glyph;
-}

src/buffer/out/CharRowCellReference.hpp

@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-/*++
-Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
-Licensed under the MIT license.
-
-Module Name:
-- CharRowCellReference.hpp
-
-Abstract:
-- reference class for the glyph data of a char row cell
-
-Author(s):
-- Austin Diviness (AustDi) 02-May-2018
---*/
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include "DbcsAttribute.hpp"
-#include "CharRowCell.hpp"
-#include <utility>
-
-class CharRow;
-
-class CharRowCellReference final
-{
-public:
-    using const_iterator = const wchar_t*;
-
-    CharRowCellReference(CharRow& parent, const til::CoordType index) noexcept :
-        _parent{ parent },
-        _index{ index }
-    {
-    }
-
-    ~CharRowCellReference() = default;
-    CharRowCellReference(const CharRowCellReference&) noexcept = default;
-    CharRowCellReference(CharRowCellReference&&) noexcept = default;
-
-    void operator=(const CharRowCellReference&) = delete;
-    void operator=(CharRowCellReference&&) = delete;
-
-    void operator=(const std::wstring_view chars);
-    operator std::wstring_view() const;
-
-    const_iterator begin() const;
-    const_iterator end() const;
-
-    friend bool operator==(const CharRowCellReference& ref, const std::vector<wchar_t>& glyph);
-    friend bool operator==(const std::vector<wchar_t>& glyph, const CharRowCellReference& ref);
-
-private:
-    // what char row the object belongs to
-    CharRow& _parent;
-    // the index of the cell in the parent char row
-    til::CoordType _index;
-
-    CharRowCell& _cellData();
-    const CharRowCell& _cellData() const;
-
-    std::wstring_view _glyphData() const;
-};
-
-bool operator==(const CharRowCellReference& ref, const std::vector<wchar_t>& glyph);
-bool operator==(const std::vector<wchar_t>& glyph, const CharRowCellReference& ref);

src/buffer/out/DbcsAttribute.hpp

@@ -16,129 +16,22 @@ Revision History:
 
 #pragma once
 
-class DbcsAttribute final
+enum class DbcsAttribute : uint8_t
 {
-public:
-    enum class Attribute : BYTE
-    {
-        Single = 0x00,
-        Leading = 0x01,
-        Trailing = 0x02
-    };
-
-    DbcsAttribute() noexcept :
-        _attribute{ Attribute::Single },
-        _glyphStored{ false }
-    {
-    }
-
-    DbcsAttribute(const Attribute attribute) noexcept :
-        _attribute{ attribute },
-        _glyphStored{ false }
-    {
-    }
-
-    constexpr bool IsSingle() const noexcept
-    {
-        return _attribute == Attribute::Single;
-    }
-
-    constexpr bool IsLeading() const noexcept
-    {
-        return _attribute == Attribute::Leading;
-    }
-
-    constexpr bool IsTrailing() const noexcept
-    {
-        return _attribute == Attribute::Trailing;
-    }
-
-    constexpr bool IsDbcs() const noexcept
-    {
-        return IsLeading() || IsTrailing();
-    }
-
-    constexpr bool IsGlyphStored() const noexcept
-    {
-        return _glyphStored;
-    }
-
-    void SetGlyphStored(const bool stored) noexcept
-    {
-        _glyphStored = stored;
-    }
-
-    void SetSingle() noexcept
-    {
-        _attribute = Attribute::Single;
-    }
-
-    void SetLeading() noexcept
-    {
-        _attribute = Attribute::Leading;
-    }
-
-    void SetTrailing() noexcept
-    {
-        _attribute = Attribute::Trailing;
-    }
-
-    void Reset() noexcept
-    {
-        SetSingle();
-        SetGlyphStored(false);
-    }
-
-    WORD GeneratePublicApiAttributeFormat() const noexcept
-    {
-        WORD publicAttribute = 0;
-        if (IsLeading())
-        {
-            WI_SetFlag(publicAttribute, COMMON_LVB_LEADING_BYTE);
-        }
-        if (IsTrailing())
-        {
-            WI_SetFlag(publicAttribute, COMMON_LVB_TRAILING_BYTE);
-        }
-        return publicAttribute;
-    }
-
-    static DbcsAttribute FromPublicApiAttributeFormat(WORD publicAttribute)
-    {
-        // it's not valid to be both a leading and trailing byte
-        if (WI_AreAllFlagsSet(publicAttribute, COMMON_LVB_LEADING_BYTE | COMMON_LVB_TRAILING_BYTE))
-        {
-            THROW_HR(E_INVALIDARG);
-        }
-
-        DbcsAttribute attr;
-        if (WI_IsFlagSet(publicAttribute, COMMON_LVB_LEADING_BYTE))
-        {
-            attr.SetLeading();
-        }
-        else if (WI_IsFlagSet(publicAttribute, COMMON_LVB_TRAILING_BYTE))
-        {
-            attr.SetTrailing();
-        }
-        return attr;
-    }
-
-    friend constexpr bool operator==(const DbcsAttribute& a, const DbcsAttribute& b) noexcept;
-
-private:
-    Attribute _attribute : 2;
-    bool _glyphStored : 1;
-
-#ifdef UNIT_TESTING
-    friend class TextBufferTests;
-#endif
+    Single,
+    Leading,
+    Trailing,
 };
 
-constexpr bool operator==(const DbcsAttribute& a, const DbcsAttribute& b) noexcept
+constexpr WORD GeneratePublicApiAttributeFormat(DbcsAttribute attribute) noexcept
 {
-    return a._attribute == b._attribute;
+    switch (attribute)
+    {
+    case DbcsAttribute::Leading:
+        return COMMON_LVB_LEADING_BYTE;
+    case DbcsAttribute::Trailing:
+        return COMMON_LVB_TRAILING_BYTE;
+    default:
+        return 0;
+    }
 }
-
-static_assert(sizeof(DbcsAttribute) == sizeof(BYTE), "DbcsAttribute should be one byte big. if this changes then it needs "
-                                                     "either an implicit conversion to a BYTE or an update to all places "
-                                                     "that assume it's a byte big");

src/buffer/out/LineRendition.hpp

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Abstract:
 
 #pragma once
 
-enum class LineRendition
+enum class LineRendition : uint8_t
 {
     SingleWidth,
     DoubleWidth,

src/buffer/out/OutputCell.hpp

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ private:
     // basic_string contains a small storage internally so we don't need
     // to worry about heap allocation for short strings.
     std::wstring _text;
-    DbcsAttribute _dbcsAttribute;
+    DbcsAttribute _dbcsAttribute = DbcsAttribute::Single;
     TextAttribute _textAttribute;
     TextAttributeBehavior _behavior;
 

src/buffer/out/OutputCellIterator.cpp

@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@
 
 #include "OutputCellIterator.hpp"
 
+#include <til/unicode.h>
+
 #include "../../types/inc/convert.hpp"
-#include "../../types/inc/Utf16Parser.hpp"
 #include "../../types/inc/GlyphWidth.hpp"
 #include "../../inc/conattrs.hpp"
 
@@ -240,13 +241,10 @@ OutputCellIterator& OutputCellIterator::operator++()
     {
         if (!_TryMoveTrailing())
         {
-            if (_currentView.DbcsAttr().IsTrailing())
+            if (_currentView.DbcsAttr() == DbcsAttribute::Trailing)
             {
-                auto dbcsAttr = _currentView.DbcsAttr();
-                dbcsAttr.SetLeading();
-
                 _currentView = OutputCellView(_currentView.Chars(),
-                                              dbcsAttr,
+                                              DbcsAttribute::Leading,
                                               _currentView.TextAttr(),
                                               _currentView.TextAttrBehavior());
             }
@@ -336,13 +334,10 @@ const OutputCellView* OutputCellIterator::operator->() const noexcept
 // - False if this wasn't applicable and the caller should update the view.
 bool OutputCellIterator::_TryMoveTrailing() noexcept
 {
-    if (_currentView.DbcsAttr().IsLeading())
+    if (_currentView.DbcsAttr() == DbcsAttribute::Leading)
     {
-        auto dbcsAttr = _currentView.DbcsAttr();
-        dbcsAttr.SetTrailing();
-
         _currentView = OutputCellView(_currentView.Chars(),
-                                      dbcsAttr,
+                                      DbcsAttribute::Trailing,
                                       _currentView.TextAttr(),
                                       _currentView.TextAttrBehavior());
         return true;
@@ -398,13 +393,8 @@ OutputCellView OutputCellIterator::s_GenerateView(const std::wstring_view view,
                                                   const TextAttribute attr,
                                                   const TextAttributeBehavior behavior)
 {
-    const auto glyph = Utf16Parser::ParseNext(view);
-    DbcsAttribute dbcsAttr;
-    if (IsGlyphFullWidth(glyph))
-    {
-        dbcsAttr.SetLeading();
-    }
-
+    const auto glyph = til::utf16_next(view);
+    const auto dbcsAttr = IsGlyphFullWidth(glyph) ? DbcsAttribute::Leading : DbcsAttribute::Single;
     return OutputCellView(glyph, dbcsAttr, attr, behavior);
 }
 
@@ -420,13 +410,7 @@ OutputCellView OutputCellIterator::s_GenerateView(const std::wstring_view view,
 OutputCellView OutputCellIterator::s_GenerateView(const wchar_t& wch) noexcept
 {
     const auto glyph = std::wstring_view(&wch, 1);
-
-    DbcsAttribute dbcsAttr;
-    if (IsGlyphFullWidth(wch))
-    {
-        dbcsAttr.SetLeading();
-    }
-
+    const auto dbcsAttr = IsGlyphFullWidth(wch) ? DbcsAttribute::Leading : DbcsAttribute::Single;
     return OutputCellView(glyph, dbcsAttr, InvalidTextAttribute, TextAttributeBehavior::Current);
 }
 
@@ -457,13 +441,7 @@ OutputCellView OutputCellIterator::s_GenerateView(const TextAttribute& attr) noe
 OutputCellView OutputCellIterator::s_GenerateView(const wchar_t& wch, const TextAttribute& attr) noexcept
 {
     const auto glyph = std::wstring_view(&wch, 1);
-
-    DbcsAttribute dbcsAttr;
-    if (IsGlyphFullWidth(wch))
-    {
-        dbcsAttr.SetLeading();
-    }
-
+    const auto dbcsAttr = IsGlyphFullWidth(wch) ? DbcsAttribute::Leading : DbcsAttribute::Single;
     return OutputCellView(glyph, dbcsAttr, attr, TextAttributeBehavior::Stored);
 }
 
@@ -498,14 +476,14 @@ OutputCellView OutputCellIterator::s_GenerateView(const CHAR_INFO& charInfo) noe
 {
     const auto glyph = std::wstring_view(&charInfo.Char.UnicodeChar, 1);
 
-    DbcsAttribute dbcsAttr;
+    DbcsAttribute dbcsAttr = DbcsAttribute::Single;
     if (WI_IsFlagSet(charInfo.Attributes, COMMON_LVB_LEADING_BYTE))
     {
-        dbcsAttr.SetLeading();
+        dbcsAttr = DbcsAttribute::Leading;
     }
     else if (WI_IsFlagSet(charInfo.Attributes, COMMON_LVB_TRAILING_BYTE))
     {
-        dbcsAttr.SetTrailing();
+        dbcsAttr = DbcsAttribute::Trailing;
     }
 
     const TextAttribute textAttr(charInfo.Attributes);

src/buffer/out/OutputCellView.cpp

@@ -40,20 +40,7 @@ OutputCellView::OutputCellView(const std::wstring_view view,
 // - Count of column cells on the screen
 til::CoordType OutputCellView::Columns() const noexcept
 {
-    if (DbcsAttr().IsSingle())
-    {
-        return 1;
-    }
-    else if (DbcsAttr().IsLeading())
-    {
-        return 2;
-    }
-    else if (DbcsAttr().IsTrailing())
-    {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    return 1;
+    return DbcsAttr() == DbcsAttribute::Leading ? 2 : 1;
 }
 
 // Routine Description:

src/buffer/out/OutputCellView.hpp

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public:
 
 private:
     std::wstring_view _view;
-    DbcsAttribute _dbcsAttr;
+    DbcsAttribute _dbcsAttr = DbcsAttribute::Single;
     TextAttribute _textAttr;
     TextAttributeBehavior _behavior;
 };

src/buffer/out/Row.cpp

@@ -3,29 +3,129 @@
 
 #include "precomp.h"
 #include "Row.hpp"
-#include "CharRow.hpp"
+
 #include "textBuffer.hpp"
-#include "../types/inc/convert.hpp"
+
+// The STL is missing a std::iota_n analogue for std::iota, so I made my own.
+template<typename OutIt, typename Diff, typename T>
+constexpr OutIt iota_n(OutIt dest, Diff count, T val)
+{
+    for (; count; --count, ++dest, ++val)
+    {
+        *dest = val;
+    }
+    return dest;
+}
+
+// ROW::ReplaceCharacters needs to calculate `val + count` after
+// calling iota_n() and this function achieves both things at once.
+template<typename OutIt, typename Diff, typename T>
+constexpr OutIt iota_n_mut(OutIt dest, Diff count, T& val)
+{
+    for (; count; --count, ++dest, ++val)
+    {
+        *dest = val;
+    }
+    return dest;
+}
+
+// Same as std::fill, but purpose-built for very small `last - first`
+// where a trivial loop outperforms vectorization.
+template<typename FwdIt, typename T>
+constexpr FwdIt fill_small(FwdIt first, FwdIt last, const T val)
+{
+    for (; first != last; ++first)
+    {
+        *first = val;
+    }
+    return first;
+}
+
+// Same as std::fill_n, but purpose-built for very small `count`
+// where a trivial loop outperforms vectorization.
+template<typename OutIt, typename Diff, typename T>
+constexpr OutIt fill_n_small(OutIt dest, Diff count, const T val)
+{
+    for (; count; --count, ++dest)
+    {
+        *dest = val;
+    }
+    return dest;
+}
+
+// Same as std::copy_n, but purpose-built for very short `count`
+// where a trivial loop outperforms vectorization.
+template<typename InIt, typename Diff, typename OutIt>
+constexpr OutIt copy_n_small(InIt first, Diff count, OutIt dest)
+{
+    for (; count; --count, ++dest, ++first)
+    {
+        *dest = *first;
+    }
+    return dest;
+}
 
 // Routine Description:
 // - constructor
 // Arguments:
-// - rowId - the row index in the text buffer
 // - rowWidth - the width of the row, cell elements
 // - fillAttribute - the default text attribute
-// - pParent - the text buffer that this row belongs to
 // Return Value:
 // - constructed object
-ROW::ROW(const til::CoordType rowId, const til::CoordType rowWidth, const TextAttribute fillAttribute, TextBuffer* const pParent) :
-    _id{ rowId },
-    _rowWidth{ rowWidth },
-    _charRow{ rowWidth, this },
-    _attrRow{ rowWidth, fillAttribute },
-    _lineRendition{ LineRendition::SingleWidth },
-    _wrapForced{ false },
-    _doubleBytePadded{ false },
-    _pParent{ pParent }
+ROW::ROW(wchar_t* charsBuffer, uint16_t* charOffsetsBuffer, uint16_t rowWidth, const TextAttribute& fillAttribute) :
+    _charsBuffer{ charsBuffer },
+    _chars{ charsBuffer, rowWidth },
+    _charOffsets{ charOffsetsBuffer, ::base::strict_cast<size_t>(rowWidth) + 1u },
+    _attr{ rowWidth, fillAttribute },
+    _columnCount{ rowWidth }
 {
+    if (_chars.data())
+    {
+        _init();
+    }
+}
+
+void swap(ROW& lhs, ROW& rhs) noexcept
+{
+    std::swap(lhs._charsBuffer, rhs._charsBuffer);
+    std::swap(lhs._charsHeap, rhs._charsHeap);
+    std::swap(lhs._chars, rhs._chars);
+    std::swap(lhs._charOffsets, rhs._charOffsets);
+    std::swap(lhs._attr, rhs._attr);
+    std::swap(lhs._columnCount, rhs._columnCount);
+    std::swap(lhs._lineRendition, rhs._lineRendition);
+    std::swap(lhs._wrapForced, rhs._wrapForced);
+    std::swap(lhs._doubleBytePadded, rhs._doubleBytePadded);
+}
+
+void ROW::SetWrapForced(const bool wrap) noexcept
+{
+    _wrapForced = wrap;
+}
+
+bool ROW::WasWrapForced() const noexcept
+{
+    return _wrapForced;
+}
+
+void ROW::SetDoubleBytePadded(const bool doubleBytePadded) noexcept
+{
+    _doubleBytePadded = doubleBytePadded;
+}
+
+bool ROW::WasDoubleBytePadded() const noexcept
+{
+    return _doubleBytePadded;
+}
+
+void ROW::SetLineRendition(const LineRendition lineRendition) noexcept
+{
+    _lineRendition = lineRendition;
+}
+
+LineRendition ROW::GetLineRendition() const noexcept
+{
+    return _lineRendition;
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
@@ -34,42 +134,99 @@ ROW::ROW(const til::CoordType rowId, const til::CoordType rowWidth, const TextAt
 // - Attr - The default attribute (color) to fill
 // Return Value:
 // - <none>
-bool ROW::Reset(const TextAttribute Attr)
+void ROW::Reset(const TextAttribute& attr)
 {
+    _charsHeap.reset();
+    _chars = { _charsBuffer, _columnCount };
+    _attr = { _columnCount, attr };
     _lineRendition = LineRendition::SingleWidth;
     _wrapForced = false;
     _doubleBytePadded = false;
-    _charRow.Reset();
-    try
-    {
-        _attrRow.Reset(Attr);
-    }
-    catch (...)
-    {
-        LOG_CAUGHT_EXCEPTION();
-        return false;
-    }
-    return true;
+    _init();
+}
+
+void ROW::_init() noexcept
+{
+    std::fill_n(_chars.begin(), _columnCount, UNICODE_SPACE);
+    std::iota(_charOffsets.begin(), _charOffsets.end(), uint16_t{ 0 });
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
 // - resizes ROW to new width
 // Arguments:
-// - width - the new width, in cells
-// Return Value:
-// - S_OK if successful, otherwise relevant error
-[[nodiscard]] HRESULT ROW::Resize(const til::CoordType width)
+// - charsBuffer - a new backing buffer to use for _charsBuffer
+// - charOffsetsBuffer - a new backing buffer to use for _charOffsets
+// - rowWidth - the new width, in cells
+// - fillAttribute - the attribute to use for any newly added, trailing cells
+void ROW::Resize(wchar_t* charsBuffer, uint16_t* charOffsetsBuffer, uint16_t rowWidth, const TextAttribute& fillAttribute)
 {
-    RETURN_IF_FAILED(_charRow.Resize(width));
-    try
+    // A default-constructed ROW has no cols/chars to copy.
+    // It can be detected by the lack of a _charsBuffer (among others).
+    //
+    // Otherwise, this block figures out how much we can copy into the new `rowWidth`.
+    uint16_t colsToCopy = 0;
+    uint16_t charsToCopy = 0;
+    if (_charsBuffer)
     {
-        _attrRow.Resize(width);
+        colsToCopy = std::min(rowWidth, _columnCount);
+        // Safety: colsToCopy is [0, _columnCount].
+        charsToCopy = _uncheckedCharOffset(colsToCopy);
+        // Safety: colsToCopy is [0, _columnCount] due to colsToCopy != 0.
+        for (; colsToCopy != 0 && _uncheckedIsTrailer(colsToCopy); --colsToCopy)
+        {
+        }
     }
-    CATCH_RETURN();
 
-    _rowWidth = width;
+    // If we grow the row width, we have to append a bunch of whitespace.
+    // `trailingWhitespace` stores that amount.
+    // Safety: The preceding block left colsToCopy in the range [0, rowWidth].
+    const uint16_t trailingWhitespace = rowWidth - colsToCopy;
 
-    return S_OK;
+    // Allocate memory for the new `_chars` array.
+    // Use the provided charsBuffer if possible, otherwise allocate a `_charsHeap`.
+    std::unique_ptr<wchar_t[]> charsHeap;
+    std::span chars{ charsBuffer, rowWidth };
+    const std::span charOffsets{ charOffsetsBuffer, ::base::strict_cast<size_t>(rowWidth) + 1u };
+    if (const uint16_t charsCapacity = charsToCopy + trailingWhitespace; charsCapacity > rowWidth)
+    {
+        charsHeap = std::make_unique_for_overwrite<wchar_t[]>(charsCapacity);
+        chars = { charsHeap.get(), charsCapacity };
+    }
+
+    // Copy chars and charOffsets over.
+    {
+        const auto it = std::copy_n(_chars.begin(), charsToCopy, chars.begin());
+        std::fill_n(it, trailingWhitespace, L' ');
+    }
+    {
+        const auto it = std::copy_n(_charOffsets.begin(), colsToCopy, charOffsets.begin());
+        // The _charOffsets array is 1 wider than newWidth indicates.
+        // This is because the extra column contains the past-the-end index into _chars.
+        iota_n(it, trailingWhitespace + 1u, charsToCopy);
+    }
+
+    _charsBuffer = charsBuffer;
+    _charsHeap = std::move(charsHeap);
+    _chars = chars;
+    _charOffsets = charOffsets;
+    _columnCount = rowWidth;
+
+    // .resize_trailing_extent() doesn't work if the vector is empty,
+    // since there's no trailing item that could be extended.
+    if (_attr.empty())
+    {
+        _attr = { rowWidth, fillAttribute };
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        _attr.resize_trailing_extent(rowWidth);
+    }
+}
+
+void ROW::TransferAttributes(const til::small_rle<TextAttribute, uint16_t, 1>& attr, til::CoordType newWidth)
+{
+    _attr = attr;
+    _attr.resize_trailing_extent(gsl::narrow<uint16_t>(newWidth));
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
@@ -78,20 +235,10 @@ bool ROW::Reset(const TextAttribute Attr)
 // - column - 0-indexed column index
 // Return Value:
 // - <none>
-void ROW::ClearColumn(const til::CoordType column)
+void ROW::ClearCell(const til::CoordType column)
 {
-    THROW_HR_IF(E_INVALIDARG, column >= _charRow.size());
-    _charRow.ClearCell(column);
-}
-
-UnicodeStorage& ROW::GetUnicodeStorage() noexcept
-{
-    return _pParent->GetUnicodeStorage();
-}
-
-const UnicodeStorage& ROW::GetUnicodeStorage() const noexcept
-{
-    return _pParent->GetUnicodeStorage();
+    static constexpr std::wstring_view space{ L" " };
+    ReplaceCharacters(column, 1, space);
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
@@ -103,17 +250,17 @@ const UnicodeStorage& ROW::GetUnicodeStorage() const noexcept
 // - limitRight - right inclusive column ID for the last write in this row. (optional, will just write to the end of row if nullopt)
 // Return Value:
 // - iterator to first cell that was not written to this row.
-OutputCellIterator ROW::WriteCells(OutputCellIterator it, const til::CoordType index, const std::optional<bool> wrap, std::optional<til::CoordType> limitRight)
+OutputCellIterator ROW::WriteCells(OutputCellIterator it, const til::CoordType columnBegin, const std::optional<bool> wrap, std::optional<til::CoordType> limitRight)
 {
-    THROW_HR_IF(E_INVALIDARG, index >= _charRow.size());
-    THROW_HR_IF(E_INVALIDARG, limitRight.value_or(0) >= _charRow.size());
+    THROW_HR_IF(E_INVALIDARG, columnBegin >= size());
+    THROW_HR_IF(E_INVALIDARG, limitRight.value_or(0) >= size());
 
     // If we're given a right-side column limit, use it. Otherwise, the write limit is the final column index available in the char row.
-    const auto finalColumnInRow = limitRight.value_or(_charRow.size() - 1);
+    const auto finalColumnInRow = limitRight.value_or(size() - 1);
 
     auto currentColor = it->TextAttr();
     uint16_t colorUses = 0;
-    auto colorStarts = gsl::narrow_cast<uint16_t>(index);
+    auto colorStarts = gsl::narrow_cast<uint16_t>(columnBegin);
     auto currentIndex = colorStarts;
 
     while (it && currentIndex <= finalColumnInRow)
@@ -131,7 +278,7 @@ OutputCellIterator ROW::WriteCells(OutputCellIterator it, const til::CoordType i
             {
                 // Otherwise, commit this color into the run and save off the new one.
                 // Now commit the new color runs into the attr row.
-                _attrRow.Replace(colorStarts, currentIndex, currentColor);
+                _attr.replace(colorStarts, currentIndex, currentColor);
                 currentColor = it->TextAttr();
                 colorUses = 1;
                 colorStarts = currentIndex;
@@ -141,31 +288,47 @@ OutputCellIterator ROW::WriteCells(OutputCellIterator it, const til::CoordType i
         // Fill the text if the behavior isn't set to saying there's only a color stored in this iterator.
         if (it->TextAttrBehavior() != TextAttributeBehavior::StoredOnly)
         {
+            const auto fillingFirstColumn = currentIndex == 0;
             const auto fillingLastColumn = currentIndex == finalColumnInRow;
+            const auto attr = it->DbcsAttr();
+            const auto& chars = it->Chars();
 
-            // TODO: MSFT: 19452170 - We need to ensure when writing any trailing byte that the one to the left
-            // is a matching leading byte. Likewise, if we're writing a leading byte, we need to make sure we still have space in this loop
-            // for the trailing byte coming up before writing it.
-
-            // If we're trying to fill the first cell with a trailing byte, pad it out instead by clearing it.
-            // Don't increment iterator. We'll advance the index and try again with this value on the next round through the loop.
-            if (currentIndex == 0 && it->DbcsAttr().IsTrailing())
+            switch (attr)
             {
-                _charRow.ClearCell(currentIndex);
-            }
-            // If we're trying to fill the last cell with a leading byte, pad it out instead by clearing it.
-            // Don't increment iterator. We'll exit because we couldn't write a lead at the end of a line.
-            else if (fillingLastColumn && it->DbcsAttr().IsLeading())
-            {
-                _charRow.ClearCell(currentIndex);
-                SetDoubleBytePadded(true);
-            }
-            // Otherwise, copy the data given and increment the iterator.
-            else
-            {
-                _charRow.DbcsAttrAt(currentIndex) = it->DbcsAttr();
-                _charRow.GlyphAt(currentIndex) = it->Chars();
+            case DbcsAttribute::Leading:
+                if (fillingLastColumn)
+                {
+                    // The wide char doesn't fit. Pad with whitespace.
+                    // Don't increment the iterator. Instead we'll return from this function and the
+                    // caller can call WriteCells() again on the next row with the same iterator position.
+                    ClearCell(currentIndex);
+                    SetDoubleBytePadded(true);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    ReplaceCharacters(currentIndex, 2, chars);
+                    ++it;
+                }
+                break;
+            case DbcsAttribute::Trailing:
+                // Handling the trailing half of wide chars ensures that we correctly restore
+                // wide characters when a user backs up and restores the viewport via CHAR_INFOs.
+                if (fillingFirstColumn)
+                {
+                    // The wide char doesn't fit. Pad with whitespace.
+                    // Ignore the character. There's no correct alternative way to handle this situation.
+                    ClearCell(currentIndex);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    ReplaceCharacters(currentIndex - 1, 2, chars);
+                }
                 ++it;
+                break;
+            default:
+                ReplaceCharacters(currentIndex, 1, chars);
+                ++it;
+                break;
             }
 
             // If we're asked to (un)set the wrap status and we just filled the last column with some text...
@@ -191,8 +354,334 @@ OutputCellIterator ROW::WriteCells(OutputCellIterator it, const til::CoordType i
     // Now commit the final color into the attr row
     if (colorUses)
     {
-        _attrRow.Replace(colorStarts, currentIndex, currentColor);
+        _attr.replace(colorStarts, currentIndex, currentColor);
     }
 
     return it;
 }
+
+bool ROW::SetAttrToEnd(const til::CoordType columnBegin, const TextAttribute attr)
+{
+    _attr.replace(_clampedColumnInclusive(columnBegin), _attr.size(), attr);
+    return true;
+}
+
+void ROW::ReplaceAttributes(const til::CoordType beginIndex, const til::CoordType endIndex, const TextAttribute& newAttr)
+{
+    _attr.replace(_clampedColumnInclusive(beginIndex), _clampedColumnInclusive(endIndex), newAttr);
+}
+
+void ROW::ReplaceCharacters(til::CoordType columnBegin, til::CoordType width, const std::wstring_view& chars)
+{
+    const auto colBeg = _clampedUint16(columnBegin);
+    const auto colEnd = _clampedUint16(columnBegin + width);
+
+    if (colBeg >= colEnd || colEnd > _columnCount || chars.empty())
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Safety:
+    // * colBeg is now [0, _columnCount)
+    // * colEnd is now (colBeg, _columnCount]
+
+    // Algorithm explanation
+    //
+    // Task:
+    //   Replace the characters in cells [colBeg, colEnd) with a single `width`-wide glyph consisting of `chars`.
+    //
+    // Problem:
+    //   Imagine that we have the following ROW contents:
+    //     "xxyyzz"
+    //   xx, yy, zz are 2 cell wide glyphs. We want to insert a 2 cell wide glyph ww at colBeg 1:
+    //       ^^
+    //       ww
+    //   An incorrect result would be:
+    //     "xwwyzz"
+    //   The half cut off x and y glyph wouldn't make much sense, so we need to fill them with whitespace:
+    //     " ww zz"
+    //
+    // Solution:
+    //   Given the range we want to replace [colBeg, colEnd), we "extend" it to encompass leading (preceding)
+    //   and trailing wide glyphs we partially overwrite resulting in the range [colExtBeg, colExtEnd), where
+    //   colExtBeg <= colBeg and colExtEnd >= colEnd. In other words, the to be replaced range has been "extended".
+    //   The amount of leading whitespace we need to insert is thus colBeg - colExtBeg
+    //   and the amount of trailing whitespace colExtEnd - colEnd.
+
+    // Extend range downwards (leading whitespace)
+    uint16_t colExtBeg = colBeg;
+    // Safety: colExtBeg is [0, _columnCount], because colBeg is.
+    const uint16_t chExtBeg = _uncheckedCharOffset(colExtBeg);
+    // Safety: colExtBeg remains [0, _columnCount] due to colExtBeg != 0.
+    for (; colExtBeg != 0 && _uncheckedIsTrailer(colExtBeg); --colExtBeg)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // Extend range upwards (trailing whitespace)
+    uint16_t colExtEnd = colEnd;
+    // Safety: colExtEnd cannot be incremented past _columnCount, because the last
+    // _charOffset at index _columnCount will never get the CharOffsetsTrailer flag.
+    for (; _uncheckedIsTrailer(colExtEnd); ++colExtEnd)
+    {
+    }
+    // Safety: After the previous loop colExtEnd is [0, _columnCount].
+    const uint16_t chExtEnd = _uncheckedCharOffset(colExtEnd);
+
+    const uint16_t leadingSpaces = colBeg - colExtBeg;
+    const uint16_t trailingSpaces = colExtEnd - colEnd;
+    const size_t chExtEndNew = chars.size() + leadingSpaces + trailingSpaces + chExtBeg;
+
+    if (chExtEndNew != chExtEnd)
+    {
+        _resizeChars(colExtEnd, chExtBeg, chExtEnd, chExtEndNew);
+    }
+
+    // Add leading/trailing whitespace and copy chars
+    {
+        auto it = _chars.begin() + chExtBeg;
+        it = fill_n_small(it, leadingSpaces, L' ');
+        it = copy_n_small(chars.begin(), chars.size(), it);
+        it = fill_n_small(it, trailingSpaces, L' ');
+    }
+    // Update char offsets with leading/trailing whitespace and the chars columns.
+    {
+        auto chPos = chExtBeg;
+        auto it = _charOffsets.begin() + colExtBeg;
+
+        it = iota_n_mut(it, leadingSpaces, chPos);
+
+        *it++ = chPos;
+        it = fill_small(it, _charOffsets.begin() + colEnd, gsl::narrow_cast<uint16_t>(chPos | CharOffsetsTrailer));
+        chPos = gsl::narrow_cast<uint16_t>(chPos + chars.size());
+
+        it = iota_n_mut(it, trailingSpaces, chPos);
+    }
+}
+
+// This function represents the slow path of ReplaceCharacters(),
+// as it reallocates the backing buffer and shifts the char offsets.
+// The parameters are difficult to explain, but their names are identical to
+// local variables in ReplaceCharacters() which I've attempted to document there.
+void ROW::_resizeChars(uint16_t colExtEnd, uint16_t chExtBeg, uint16_t chExtEnd, size_t chExtEndNew)
+{
+    const auto diff = chExtEndNew - chExtEnd;
+    const auto currentLength = _charSize();
+    const auto newLength = currentLength + diff;
+
+    if (newLength <= _chars.size())
+    {
+        std::copy_n(_chars.begin() + chExtEnd, currentLength - chExtEnd, _chars.begin() + chExtEndNew);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        const auto minCapacity = std::min<size_t>(UINT16_MAX, _chars.size() + (_chars.size() >> 1));
+        const auto newCapacity = gsl::narrow<uint16_t>(std::max(newLength, minCapacity));
+
+        auto charsHeap = std::make_unique_for_overwrite<wchar_t[]>(newCapacity);
+        const std::span chars{ charsHeap.get(), newCapacity };
+
+        std::copy_n(_chars.begin(), chExtBeg, chars.begin());
+        std::copy_n(_chars.begin() + chExtEnd, currentLength - chExtEnd, chars.begin() + chExtEndNew);
+
+        _charsHeap = std::move(charsHeap);
+        _chars = chars;
+    }
+
+    auto it = _charOffsets.begin() + colExtEnd;
+    const auto end = _charOffsets.end();
+    for (; it != end; ++it)
+    {
+        *it = gsl::narrow_cast<uint16_t>(*it + diff);
+    }
+}
+
+const til::small_rle<TextAttribute, uint16_t, 1>& ROW::Attributes() const noexcept
+{
+    return _attr;
+}
+
+TextAttribute ROW::GetAttrByColumn(const til::CoordType column) const
+{
+    return _attr.at(_clampedUint16(column));
+}
+
+std::vector<uint16_t> ROW::GetHyperlinks() const
+{
+    std::vector<uint16_t> ids;
+    for (const auto& run : _attr.runs())
+    {
+        if (run.value.IsHyperlink())
+        {
+            ids.emplace_back(run.value.GetHyperlinkId());
+        }
+    }
+    return ids;
+}
+
+uint16_t ROW::size() const noexcept
+{
+    return _columnCount;
+}
+
+til::CoordType ROW::MeasureLeft() const noexcept
+{
+    const auto text = GetText();
+    const auto beg = text.begin();
+    const auto end = text.end();
+    auto it = beg;
+
+    for (; it != end; ++it)
+    {
+        if (*it != L' ')
+        {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return gsl::narrow_cast<til::CoordType>(it - beg);
+}
+
+til::CoordType ROW::MeasureRight() const noexcept
+{
+    const auto text = GetText();
+    const auto beg = text.begin();
+    const auto end = text.end();
+    auto it = end;
+
+    for (; it != beg; --it)
+    {
+        // it[-1] is safe as `it` is always greater than `beg` (loop invariant).
+        if (til::at(it, -1) != L' ')
+        {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // We're supposed to return the measurement in cells and not characters
+    // and therefore simply calculating `it - beg` would be wrong.
+    //
+    // An example: The row is 10 cells wide and `it` points to the second character.
+    // `it - beg` would return 1, but it's possible it's actually 1 wide glyph and 8 whitespace.
+    return gsl::narrow_cast<til::CoordType>(_columnCount - (end - it));
+}
+
+bool ROW::ContainsText() const noexcept
+{
+    const auto text = GetText();
+    const auto beg = text.begin();
+    const auto end = text.end();
+    auto it = beg;
+
+    for (; it != end; ++it)
+    {
+        if (*it != L' ')
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+std::wstring_view ROW::GlyphAt(til::CoordType column) const noexcept
+{
+    auto col = _clampedColumn(column);
+
+    // Safety: col is [0, _columnCount).
+    const auto beg = _uncheckedCharOffset(col);
+    // Safety: col cannot be incremented past _columnCount, because the last
+    // _charOffset at index _columnCount will never get the CharOffsetsTrailer flag.
+    while (_uncheckedIsTrailer(++col))
+    {
+    }
+    // Safety: col is now (0, _columnCount].
+    const auto end = _uncheckedCharOffset(col);
+
+    return { _chars.begin() + beg, _chars.begin() + end };
+}
+
+DbcsAttribute ROW::DbcsAttrAt(til::CoordType column) const noexcept
+{
+    const auto col = _clampedColumn(column);
+
+    auto attr = DbcsAttribute::Single;
+    // Safety: col is [0, _columnCount).
+    if (_uncheckedIsTrailer(col))
+    {
+        attr = DbcsAttribute::Trailing;
+    }
+    // Safety: col+1 is [1, _columnCount].
+    else if (_uncheckedIsTrailer(::base::strict_cast<size_t>(col) + 1u))
+    {
+        attr = DbcsAttribute::Leading;
+    }
+
+    return { attr };
+}
+
+std::wstring_view ROW::GetText() const noexcept
+{
+    return { _chars.data(), _charSize() };
+}
+
+DelimiterClass ROW::DelimiterClassAt(til::CoordType column, const std::wstring_view& wordDelimiters) const noexcept
+{
+    const auto col = _clampedColumn(column);
+    // Safety: col is [0, _columnCount).
+    const auto glyph = _uncheckedChar(_uncheckedCharOffset(col));
+
+    if (glyph <= L' ')
+    {
+        return DelimiterClass::ControlChar;
+    }
+    else if (wordDelimiters.find(glyph) != std::wstring_view::npos)
+    {
+        return DelimiterClass::DelimiterChar;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return DelimiterClass::RegularChar;
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+constexpr uint16_t ROW::_clampedUint16(T v) noexcept
+{
+    return static_cast<uint16_t>(std::max(T{ 0 }, std::min(T{ 65535 }, v)));
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+constexpr uint16_t ROW::_clampedColumn(T v) const noexcept
+{
+    return static_cast<uint16_t>(std::max(T{ 0 }, std::min<T>(_columnCount - 1u, v)));
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+constexpr uint16_t ROW::_clampedColumnInclusive(T v) const noexcept
+{
+    return static_cast<uint16_t>(std::max(T{ 0 }, std::min<T>(_columnCount, v)));
+}
+
+// Safety: off must be [0, _charSize()].
+wchar_t ROW::_uncheckedChar(size_t off) const noexcept
+{
+    return til::at(_chars, off);
+}
+
+uint16_t ROW::_charSize() const noexcept
+{
+    // Safety: _charOffsets is an array of `_columnCount + 1` entries.
+    return til::at(_charOffsets, _columnCount);
+}
+
+// Safety: col must be [0, _columnCount].
+uint16_t ROW::_uncheckedCharOffset(size_t col) const noexcept
+{
+    return til::at(_charOffsets, col) & CharOffsetsMask;
+}
+
+// Safety: col must be [0, _columnCount].
+bool ROW::_uncheckedIsTrailer(size_t col) const noexcept
+{
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(til::at(_charOffsets, col), CharOffsetsTrailer);
+}

src/buffer/out/Row.hpp

@@ -20,50 +20,68 @@ Revision History:
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include "AttrRow.hpp"
+#include <span>
+
+#include <til/rle.h>
+
 #include "LineRendition.hpp"
 #include "OutputCell.hpp"
 #include "OutputCellIterator.hpp"
-#include "CharRow.hpp"
-#include "UnicodeStorage.hpp"
 
 class TextBuffer;
 
+enum class DelimiterClass
+{
+    ControlChar,
+    DelimiterChar,
+    RegularChar
+};
+
 class ROW final
 {
 public:
-    ROW(const til::CoordType rowId, const til::CoordType rowWidth, const TextAttribute fillAttribute, TextBuffer* const pParent);
+    ROW() = default;
+    ROW(wchar_t* charsBuffer, uint16_t* charOffsetsBuffer, uint16_t rowWidth, const TextAttribute& fillAttribute);
 
-    til::CoordType size() const noexcept { return _rowWidth; }
+    ROW(const ROW& other) = delete;
+    ROW& operator=(const ROW& other) = delete;
 
-    void SetWrapForced(const bool wrap) noexcept { _wrapForced = wrap; }
-    bool WasWrapForced() const noexcept { return _wrapForced; }
+    explicit ROW(ROW&& other) = default;
+    ROW& operator=(ROW&& other) = default;
 
-    void SetDoubleBytePadded(const bool doubleBytePadded) noexcept { _doubleBytePadded = doubleBytePadded; }
-    bool WasDoubleBytePadded() const noexcept { return _doubleBytePadded; }
+    friend void swap(ROW& lhs, ROW& rhs) noexcept;
 
-    const CharRow& GetCharRow() const noexcept { return _charRow; }
-    CharRow& GetCharRow() noexcept { return _charRow; }
+    void SetWrapForced(const bool wrap) noexcept;
+    bool WasWrapForced() const noexcept;
+    void SetDoubleBytePadded(const bool doubleBytePadded) noexcept;
+    bool WasDoubleBytePadded() const noexcept;
+    void SetLineRendition(const LineRendition lineRendition) noexcept;
+    LineRendition GetLineRendition() const noexcept;
 
-    const ATTR_ROW& GetAttrRow() const noexcept { return _attrRow; }
-    ATTR_ROW& GetAttrRow() noexcept { return _attrRow; }
+    void Reset(const TextAttribute& attr);
+    void Resize(wchar_t* charsBuffer, uint16_t* charOffsetsBuffer, uint16_t rowWidth, const TextAttribute& fillAttribute);
+    void TransferAttributes(const til::small_rle<TextAttribute, uint16_t, 1>& attr, til::CoordType newWidth);
 
-    LineRendition GetLineRendition() const noexcept { return _lineRendition; }
-    void SetLineRendition(const LineRendition lineRendition) noexcept { _lineRendition = lineRendition; }
+    void ClearCell(til::CoordType column);
+    OutputCellIterator WriteCells(OutputCellIterator it, til::CoordType columnBegin, std::optional<bool> wrap = std::nullopt, std::optional<til::CoordType> limitRight = std::nullopt);
+    bool SetAttrToEnd(til::CoordType columnBegin, TextAttribute attr);
+    void ReplaceAttributes(til::CoordType beginIndex, til::CoordType endIndex, const TextAttribute& newAttr);
+    void ReplaceCharacters(til::CoordType columnBegin, til::CoordType width, const std::wstring_view& chars);
 
-    til::CoordType GetId() const noexcept { return _id; }
-    void SetId(const til::CoordType id) noexcept { _id = id; }
+    const til::small_rle<TextAttribute, uint16_t, 1>& Attributes() const noexcept;
+    TextAttribute GetAttrByColumn(til::CoordType column) const;
+    std::vector<uint16_t> GetHyperlinks() const;
+    uint16_t size() const noexcept;
+    til::CoordType MeasureLeft() const noexcept;
+    til::CoordType MeasureRight() const noexcept;
+    bool ContainsText() const noexcept;
+    std::wstring_view GlyphAt(til::CoordType column) const noexcept;
+    DbcsAttribute DbcsAttrAt(til::CoordType column) const noexcept;
+    std::wstring_view GetText() const noexcept;
+    DelimiterClass DelimiterClassAt(til::CoordType column, const std::wstring_view& wordDelimiters) const noexcept;
 
-    bool Reset(const TextAttribute Attr);
-    [[nodiscard]] HRESULT Resize(const til::CoordType width);
-
-    void ClearColumn(const til::CoordType column);
-    std::wstring GetText(const til::CoordType start = 0) const { return _charRow.GetText(start); }
-
-    UnicodeStorage& GetUnicodeStorage() noexcept;
-    const UnicodeStorage& GetUnicodeStorage() const noexcept;
-
-    OutputCellIterator WriteCells(OutputCellIterator it, const til::CoordType index, const std::optional<bool> wrap = std::nullopt, std::optional<til::CoordType> limitRight = std::nullopt);
+    auto AttrBegin() const noexcept { return _attr.begin(); }
+    auto AttrEnd() const noexcept { return _attr.end(); }
 
 #ifdef UNIT_TESTING
     friend constexpr bool operator==(const ROW& a, const ROW& b) noexcept;
@@ -71,23 +89,84 @@ public:
 #endif
 
 private:
-    CharRow _charRow;
-    ATTR_ROW _attrRow;
-    LineRendition _lineRendition;
-    til::CoordType _id;
-    til::CoordType _rowWidth;
+    // To simplify the detection of wide glyphs, we don't just store the simple character offset as described
+    // for _charOffsets. Instead we use the most significant bit to indicate whether any column is the
+    // trailing half of a wide glyph. This simplifies many implementation details via _uncheckedIsTrailer.
+    static constexpr uint16_t CharOffsetsTrailer = 0x8000;
+    static constexpr uint16_t CharOffsetsMask = 0x7fff;
+
+    template<typename T>
+    static constexpr uint16_t _clampedUint16(T v) noexcept;
+    template<typename T>
+    constexpr uint16_t _clampedColumn(T v) const noexcept;
+    template<typename T>
+    constexpr uint16_t _clampedColumnInclusive(T v) const noexcept;
+
+    wchar_t _uncheckedChar(size_t off) const noexcept;
+    uint16_t _charSize() const noexcept;
+    uint16_t _uncheckedCharOffset(size_t col) const noexcept;
+    bool _uncheckedIsTrailer(size_t col) const noexcept;
+
+    void _init() noexcept;
+    void _resizeChars(uint16_t colExtEnd, uint16_t chExtBeg, uint16_t chExtEnd, size_t chExtEndNew);
+
+    // These fields are a bit "wasteful", but it makes all this a bit more robust against
+    // programming errors during initial development (which is when this comment was written).
+    // * _chars and _charsHeap are redundant
+    //   If _charsHeap is stored in _chars, we can still infer that
+    //   _chars was allocated on the heap if _chars != _charsBuffer.
+    // * _chars doesn't need a size_t size()
+    //   The size may never exceed an uint16_t anyways.
+    // * _charOffsets doesn't need a size() at all
+    //   The length is already stored in _columns.
+
+    // Most text uses only a single wchar_t per codepoint / grapheme cluster.
+    // That's why TextBuffer allocates a large blob of virtual memory which we can use as
+    // a simplified chars buffer, without having to allocate any additional heap memory.
+    // _charsBuffer fits _columnCount characters at most.
+    wchar_t* _charsBuffer = nullptr;
+    // ...but if this ROW needs to store more than _columnCount characters
+    // then it will allocate a larger string on the heap and store it here.
+    // The capacity of this string on the heap is stored in _chars.size().
+    std::unique_ptr<wchar_t[]> _charsHeap;
+    // _chars either refers to our _charsBuffer or _charsHeap, defaulting to the former.
+    // _chars.size() is NOT the length of the string, but rather its capacity.
+    // _charOffsets[_columnCount] stores the length.
+    std::span<wchar_t> _chars;
+    // _charOffsets accelerates indexing into the above _chars string given a terminal column,
+    // by storing the character index/offset at which a column's text in _chars starts.
+    // It stores 1 more item than this row is wide, allowing it to store the
+    // past-the-end offset, which is thus equal to the length of the string.
+    //
+    // For instance given a 4 column ROW containing "abcd" it would store 01234,
+    // because each of "abcd" are 1 column wide and 1 wchar_t per column.
+    // Given "a\u732Bd" it would store 01123, because "\u732B" is a wide glyph
+    // and "11" indicates that both column 1 and 2 start at &_chars[1] (= wide glyph).
+    // The fact that the next offset is 2 tells us that the glyph is 1 wchar_t long.
+    // Given "a\uD83D\uDE00d" ("\uD83D\uDE00" is an Emoji) it would store 01134,
+    // because while it's 2 cells wide as indicated by 2 offsets that are identical (11),
+    // the next offset is 3, which indicates that the glyph is 3-1 = 2 wchar_t long.
+    //
+    // In other words, _charOffsets tells us both the width in chars and width in columns.
+    // See CharOffsetsTrailer for more information.
+    std::span<uint16_t> _charOffsets;
+    // _attr is a run-length-encoded vector of TextAttribute with a decompressed
+    // length equal to _columnCount (= 1 TextAttribute per column).
+    til::small_rle<TextAttribute, uint16_t, 1> _attr;
+    // The width of the row in visual columns.
+    uint16_t _columnCount = 0;
+    // Stores double-width/height (DECSWL/DECDWL/DECDHL) attributes.
+    LineRendition _lineRendition = LineRendition::SingleWidth;
     // Occurs when the user runs out of text in a given row and we're forced to wrap the cursor to the next line
-    bool _wrapForced;
+    bool _wrapForced = false;
     // Occurs when the user runs out of text to support a double byte character and we're forced to the next line
-    bool _doubleBytePadded;
-    TextBuffer* _pParent; // non ownership pointer
+    bool _doubleBytePadded = false;
 };
 
 #ifdef UNIT_TESTING
 constexpr bool operator==(const ROW& a, const ROW& b) noexcept
 {
     // comparison is only used in the tests; this should suffice.
-    return (a._pParent == b._pParent &&
-            a._id == b._id);
+    return a._charsBuffer == b._charsBuffer;
 }
 #endif

src/buffer/out/TextAttribute.cpp

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 // Keeping TextColor compact helps us keeping TextAttribute compact,
 // which in turn ensures that our buffer memory usage is low.
-static_assert(sizeof(TextAttribute) == 14);
+static_assert(sizeof(TextAttribute) == 12);
 static_assert(alignof(TextAttribute) == 2);
 // Ensure that we can memcpy() and memmove() the struct for performance.
 static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<TextAttribute>);
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ WORD TextAttribute::GetLegacyAttributes() const noexcept
 {
     const auto fgIndex = _foreground.GetLegacyIndex(s_legacyDefaultForeground);
     const auto bgIndex = _background.GetLegacyIndex(s_legacyDefaultBackground);
-    const WORD metaAttrs = _wAttrLegacy & META_ATTRS;
+    const WORD metaAttrs = static_cast<WORD>(_attrs) & USED_META_ATTRS;
     const auto brighten = IsIntense() && _foreground.CanBeBrightened();
     return fgIndex | (bgIndex << 4) | metaAttrs | (brighten ? FOREGROUND_INTENSITY : 0);
 }
@@ -217,151 +217,151 @@ void TextAttribute::SetHyperlinkId(uint16_t id) noexcept
     _hyperlinkId = id;
 }
 
-bool TextAttribute::IsLeadingByte() const noexcept
-{
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_LEADING_BYTE);
-}
-
-bool TextAttribute::IsTrailingByte() const noexcept
-{
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_LEADING_BYTE);
-}
-
 bool TextAttribute::IsTopHorizontalDisplayed() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_GRID_HORIZONTAL);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::TopGridline);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsBottomHorizontalDisplayed() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_UNDERSCORE);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::BottomGridline);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsLeftVerticalDisplayed() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_GRID_LVERTICAL);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::LeftGridline);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsRightVerticalDisplayed() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_GRID_RVERTICAL);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::RightGridline);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetLeftVerticalDisplayed(const bool isDisplayed) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_GRID_LVERTICAL, isDisplayed);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::LeftGridline, isDisplayed);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetRightVerticalDisplayed(const bool isDisplayed) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_GRID_RVERTICAL, isDisplayed);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::RightGridline, isDisplayed);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsIntense() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Intense);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Intense);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsFaint() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Faint);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Faint);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsItalic() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Italics);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Italics);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsBlinking() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Blinking);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Blinking);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsInvisible() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Invisible);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Invisible);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsCrossedOut() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::CrossedOut);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::CrossedOut);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsUnderlined() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Underlined);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Underlined);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsDoublyUnderlined() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::DoublyUnderlined);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::DoublyUnderlined);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsOverlined() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_GRID_HORIZONTAL);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::TopGridline);
 }
 
 bool TextAttribute::IsReverseVideo() const noexcept
 {
-    return WI_IsFlagSet(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_REVERSE_VIDEO);
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::ReverseVideo);
+}
+
+bool TextAttribute::IsProtected() const noexcept
+{
+    return WI_IsFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Protected);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetIntense(bool isIntense) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Intense, isIntense);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Intense, isIntense);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetFaint(bool isFaint) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Faint, isFaint);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Faint, isFaint);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetItalic(bool isItalic) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Italics, isItalic);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Italics, isItalic);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetBlinking(bool isBlinking) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Blinking, isBlinking);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Blinking, isBlinking);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetInvisible(bool isInvisible) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Invisible, isInvisible);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Invisible, isInvisible);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetCrossedOut(bool isCrossedOut) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::CrossedOut, isCrossedOut);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::CrossedOut, isCrossedOut);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetUnderlined(bool isUnderlined) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::Underlined, isUnderlined);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Underlined, isUnderlined);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetDoublyUnderlined(bool isDoublyUnderlined) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::DoublyUnderlined, isDoublyUnderlined);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::DoublyUnderlined, isDoublyUnderlined);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetOverlined(bool isOverlined) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_GRID_HORIZONTAL, isOverlined);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::TopGridline, isOverlined);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetReverseVideo(bool isReversed) noexcept
 {
-    WI_UpdateFlag(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_REVERSE_VIDEO, isReversed);
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::ReverseVideo, isReversed);
+}
+
+void TextAttribute::SetProtected(bool isProtected) noexcept
+{
+    WI_UpdateFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::Protected, isProtected);
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
 // - swaps foreground and background color
 void TextAttribute::Invert() noexcept
 {
-    WI_ToggleFlag(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_REVERSE_VIDEO);
+    WI_ToggleFlag(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::ReverseVideo);
 }
 
 void TextAttribute::SetDefaultForeground() noexcept
@@ -375,11 +375,11 @@ void TextAttribute::SetDefaultBackground() noexcept
 }
 
 // Method description:
-// - Resets only the meta and extended attributes
-void TextAttribute::SetDefaultMetaAttrs() noexcept
+// - Resets only the rendition character attributes, which includes everything
+//     except the Protected attribute.
+void TextAttribute::SetDefaultRenditionAttributes() noexcept
 {
-    _extendedAttrs = ExtendedAttributes::Normal;
-    _wAttrLegacy = 0;
+    _attrs &= ~CharacterAttributes::Rendition;
 }
 
 // Method Description:
@@ -398,10 +398,11 @@ bool TextAttribute::BackgroundIsDefault() const noexcept
 }
 
 // Routine Description:
-// - Resets the meta and extended attributes, which is what the VT standard
-//      requires for most erasing and filling operations.
+// - Resets the character attributes, which is what the VT standard
+//      requires for most erasing and filling operations. In modern
+//      applications it is also expected that hyperlinks are erased.
 void TextAttribute::SetStandardErase() noexcept
 {
-    SetDefaultMetaAttrs();
+    _attrs = CharacterAttributes::Normal;
     _hyperlinkId = 0;
 }

src/buffer/out/TextAttribute.hpp

@@ -31,31 +31,26 @@ class TextAttribute final
 {
 public:
     constexpr TextAttribute() noexcept :
-        _wAttrLegacy{ 0 },
+        _attrs{ CharacterAttributes::Normal },
         _foreground{},
         _background{},
-        _extendedAttrs{ ExtendedAttributes::Normal },
         _hyperlinkId{ 0 }
     {
     }
 
     explicit constexpr TextAttribute(const WORD wLegacyAttr) noexcept :
-        _wAttrLegacy{ gsl::narrow_cast<WORD>(wLegacyAttr & META_ATTRS) },
+        _attrs{ gsl::narrow_cast<WORD>(wLegacyAttr & USED_META_ATTRS) },
         _foreground{ gsl::at(s_legacyForegroundColorMap, wLegacyAttr & FG_ATTRS) },
         _background{ gsl::at(s_legacyBackgroundColorMap, (wLegacyAttr & BG_ATTRS) >> 4) },
-        _extendedAttrs{ ExtendedAttributes::Normal },
         _hyperlinkId{ 0 }
     {
-        // If we're given lead/trailing byte information with the legacy color, strip it.
-        WI_ClearAllFlags(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_SBCSDBCS);
     }
 
     constexpr TextAttribute(const COLORREF rgbForeground,
                             const COLORREF rgbBackground) noexcept :
-        _wAttrLegacy{ 0 },
+        _attrs{ CharacterAttributes::Normal },
         _foreground{ rgbForeground },
         _background{ rgbBackground },
-        _extendedAttrs{ ExtendedAttributes::Normal },
         _hyperlinkId{ 0 }
     {
     }
@@ -64,8 +59,6 @@ public:
     static TextAttribute StripErroneousVT16VersionsOfLegacyDefaults(const TextAttribute& attribute) noexcept;
     WORD GetLegacyAttributes() const noexcept;
 
-    bool IsLeadingByte() const noexcept;
-    bool IsTrailingByte() const noexcept;
     bool IsTopHorizontalDisplayed() const noexcept;
     bool IsBottomHorizontalDisplayed() const noexcept;
     bool IsLeftVerticalDisplayed() const noexcept;
@@ -97,6 +90,7 @@ public:
     bool IsDoublyUnderlined() const noexcept;
     bool IsOverlined() const noexcept;
     bool IsReverseVideo() const noexcept;
+    bool IsProtected() const noexcept;
 
     void SetIntense(bool isIntense) noexcept;
     void SetFaint(bool isFaint) noexcept;
@@ -108,10 +102,15 @@ public:
     void SetDoublyUnderlined(bool isDoublyUnderlined) noexcept;
     void SetOverlined(bool isOverlined) noexcept;
     void SetReverseVideo(bool isReversed) noexcept;
+    void SetProtected(bool isProtected) noexcept;
 
-    constexpr ExtendedAttributes GetExtendedAttributes() const noexcept
+    constexpr void SetCharacterAttributes(const CharacterAttributes attrs) noexcept
     {
-        return _extendedAttrs;
+        _attrs = attrs;
+    }
+    constexpr CharacterAttributes GetCharacterAttributes() const noexcept
+    {
+        return _attrs;
     }
 
     bool IsHyperlink() const noexcept;
@@ -132,7 +131,7 @@ public:
 
     void SetDefaultForeground() noexcept;
     void SetDefaultBackground() noexcept;
-    void SetDefaultMetaAttrs() noexcept;
+    void SetDefaultRenditionAttributes() noexcept;
 
     bool BackgroundIsDefault() const noexcept;
 
@@ -149,38 +148,33 @@ public:
         const auto checkForeground = (inverted != IsReverseVideo());
         return !IsAnyGridLineEnabled() && // grid lines have a visual representation
                // crossed out, doubly and singly underlined have a visual representation
-               WI_AreAllFlagsClear(_extendedAttrs, ExtendedAttributes::CrossedOut | ExtendedAttributes::DoublyUnderlined | ExtendedAttributes::Underlined) &&
+               WI_AreAllFlagsClear(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::CrossedOut | CharacterAttributes::DoublyUnderlined | CharacterAttributes::Underlined) &&
                // hyperlinks have a visual representation
                !IsHyperlink() &&
                // all other attributes do not have a visual representation
-               (_wAttrLegacy & META_ATTRS) == (other._wAttrLegacy & META_ATTRS) &&
+               _attrs == other._attrs &&
                ((checkForeground && _foreground == other._foreground) ||
                 (!checkForeground && _background == other._background)) &&
-               _extendedAttrs == other._extendedAttrs &&
                IsHyperlink() == other.IsHyperlink();
     }
 
     constexpr bool IsAnyGridLineEnabled() const noexcept
     {
-        return WI_IsAnyFlagSet(_wAttrLegacy, COMMON_LVB_GRID_HORIZONTAL | COMMON_LVB_GRID_LVERTICAL | COMMON_LVB_GRID_RVERTICAL | COMMON_LVB_UNDERSCORE);
+        return WI_IsAnyFlagSet(_attrs, CharacterAttributes::TopGridline | CharacterAttributes::LeftGridline | CharacterAttributes::RightGridline | CharacterAttributes::BottomGridline);
     }
-    constexpr bool HasAnyExtendedAttributes() const noexcept
+    constexpr bool HasAnyVisualAttributes() const noexcept
     {
-        return GetExtendedAttributes() != ExtendedAttributes::Normal ||
-               IsAnyGridLineEnabled() ||
-               GetHyperlinkId() != 0 ||
-               IsReverseVideo();
+        return GetCharacterAttributes() != CharacterAttributes::Normal || GetHyperlinkId() != 0;
     }
 
 private:
     static std::array<TextColor, 16> s_legacyForegroundColorMap;
     static std::array<TextColor, 16> s_legacyBackgroundColorMap;
 
-    uint16_t _wAttrLegacy; // sizeof: 2, alignof: 2
+    CharacterAttributes _attrs; // sizeof: 2, alignof: 2
     uint16_t _hyperlinkId; // sizeof: 2, alignof: 2
     TextColor _foreground; // sizeof: 4, alignof: 1
     TextColor _background; // sizeof: 4, alignof: 1
-    ExtendedAttributes _extendedAttrs; // sizeof: 2, alignof: 2
 
 #ifdef UNIT_TESTING
     friend class TextBufferTests;
@@ -213,12 +207,11 @@ namespace WEX
             static WEX::Common::NoThrowString ToString(const TextAttribute& attr)
             {
                 return WEX::Common::NoThrowString().Format(
-                    L"{FG:%s,BG:%s,intense:%d,wLegacy:(0x%04x),ext:(0x%02x)}",
+                    L"{FG:%s,BG:%s,intense:%d,attrs:(0x%02x)}",
                     VerifyOutputTraits<TextColor>::ToString(attr._foreground).GetBuffer(),
                     VerifyOutputTraits<TextColor>::ToString(attr._background).GetBuffer(),
                     attr.IsIntense(),
-                    attr._wAttrLegacy,
-                    static_cast<DWORD>(attr._extendedAttrs));
+                    static_cast<DWORD>(attr._attrs));
             }
         };
     }

src/buffer/out/UnicodeStorage.cpp

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
-// Licensed under the MIT license.
-
-#include "precomp.h"
-#include "UnicodeStorage.hpp"
-
-UnicodeStorage::UnicodeStorage() noexcept :
-    _map{}
-{
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - fetches the text associated with key
-// Arguments:
-// - key - the key into the storage
-// Return Value:
-// - the glyph data associated with key
-// Note: will throw exception if key is not stored yet
-const UnicodeStorage::mapped_type& UnicodeStorage::GetText(const key_type key) const
-{
-    return _map.at(key);
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - stores glyph data associated with key.
-// Arguments:
-// - key - the key into the storage
-// - glyph - the glyph data to store
-void UnicodeStorage::StoreGlyph(const key_type key, const mapped_type& glyph)
-{
-    _map.insert_or_assign(key, glyph);
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - erases key and its associated data from the storage
-// Arguments:
-// - key - the key to remove
-void UnicodeStorage::Erase(const key_type key) noexcept
-{
-    _map.erase(key);
-}
-
-// Routine Description:
-// - Remaps all of the stored items to new coordinate positions
-//   based on a bulk rearrangement of row IDs and potential row width resize.
-// Arguments:
-// - rowMap - A map of the old row IDs to the new row IDs.
-// - width - The width of the new row. Remove any items that are beyond the row width.
-//         - Use nullopt if we're not resizing the width of the row, just renumbering the rows.
-void UnicodeStorage::Remap(const std::unordered_map<til::CoordType, til::CoordType>& rowMap, const std::optional<til::CoordType> width)
-{
-    // Make a temporary map to hold all the new row positioning
-    std::unordered_map<key_type, mapped_type> newMap;
-
-    // Walk through every stored item.
-    for (const auto& pair : _map)
-    {
-        // Extract the old coordinate position
-        const auto oldCoord = pair.first;
-
-        // Only try to short-circuit based on width if we were told it changed
-        // by being given a new width value.
-        if (width.has_value())
-        {
-            // Get the column ID
-            const auto oldColId = oldCoord.X;
-
-            // If the column index is at/beyond the row width, don't bother copying it to the new map.
-            if (oldColId >= width.value())
-            {
-                continue;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Get the row ID from the position as that's what we need to remap
-        const auto oldRowId = oldCoord.Y;
-
-        // Use the mapping given to convert the old row ID to the new row ID
-        const auto mapIter = rowMap.find(oldRowId);
-
-        // If there's no mapping to a new row, don't bother copying it to the new map. The row is gone.
-        if (mapIter == rowMap.end())
-        {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        const auto newRowId = mapIter->second;
-
-        // Generate a new coordinate with the same X as the old one, but a new Y value.
-        const auto newCoord = til::point{ oldCoord.X, newRowId };
-
-        // Put the adjusted coordinate into the map with the original value.
-        newMap.emplace(newCoord, pair.second);
-    }
-
-    // Swap into the stored map, free the temporary when we exit.
-    _map.swap(newMap);
-}

src/buffer/out/UnicodeStorage.hpp

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-/*++
-Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
-Licensed under the MIT license.
-
-Module Name:
-- UnicodeStorage.hpp
-
-Abstract:
-- dynamic storage location for glyphs that can't normally fit in the output buffer
-
-Author(s):
-- Austin Diviness (AustDi) 02-May-2018
---*/
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include <vector>
-
-#include <til/hash.h>
-
-// std::unordered_map needs help to know how to hash a til::point
-namespace std
-{
-    template<>
-    struct hash<til::point>
-    {
-        // Routine Description:
-        // - hashes a coord. coord will be hashed by storing the x and y values consecutively in the lower
-        // bits of a size_t.
-        // Arguments:
-        // - coord - the coord to hash
-        // Return Value:
-        // - the hashed coord
-        size_t operator()(const til::point coord) const noexcept
-        {
-            return til::hash(coord);
-        }
-    };
-}
-
-class UnicodeStorage final
-{
-public:
-    using key_type = typename til::point;
-    using mapped_type = typename std::vector<wchar_t>;
-
-    UnicodeStorage() noexcept;
-
-    const mapped_type& GetText(const key_type key) const;
-
-    void StoreGlyph(const key_type key, const mapped_type& glyph);
-
-    void Erase(const key_type key) noexcept;
-
-    void Remap(const std::unordered_map<til::CoordType, til::CoordType>& rowMap, const std::optional<til::CoordType> width);
-
-private:
-    std::unordered_map<key_type, mapped_type> _map;
-
-#ifdef UNIT_TESTING
-    friend class UnicodeStorageTests;
-    friend class TextBufferTests;
-#endif
-};

src/buffer/out/cursor.cpp

@@ -29,9 +29,7 @@ Cursor::Cursor(const ULONG ulSize, TextBuffer& parentBuffer) noexcept :
 {
 }
 
-Cursor::~Cursor()
-{
-}
+Cursor::~Cursor() = default;
 
 til::point Cursor::GetPosition() const noexcept
 {

src/buffer/out/lib/bufferout.vcxproj

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
   <Import Project="$(SolutionDir)src\common.build.pre.props" />
   <Import Project="$(SolutionDir)src\common.nugetversions.props" />
   <ItemGroup>
-    <ClCompile Include="..\AttrRow.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\cursor.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\OutputCell.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\OutputCellIterator.cpp" />
@@ -24,16 +23,11 @@
     <ClCompile Include="..\textBuffer.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\textBufferCellIterator.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\textBufferTextIterator.cpp" />
-    <ClCompile Include="..\CharRow.cpp" />
-    <ClCompile Include="..\CharRowCell.cpp" />
-    <ClCompile Include="..\CharRowCellReference.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\precomp.cpp">
       <PrecompiledHeader>Create</PrecompiledHeader>
     </ClCompile>
-    <ClCompile Include="..\UnicodeStorage.cpp" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
-    <ClInclude Include="..\AttrRow.hpp" />
     <ClInclude Include="..\cursor.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="..\DbcsAttribute.hpp" />
     <ClInclude Include="..\ICharRow.hpp" />
@@ -49,11 +43,7 @@
     <ClInclude Include="..\textBuffer.hpp" />
     <ClInclude Include="..\textBufferCellIterator.hpp" />
     <ClInclude Include="..\textBufferTextIterator.hpp" />
-    <ClInclude Include="..\CharRow.hpp" />
-    <ClInclude Include="..\CharRowCell.hpp" />
-    <ClInclude Include="..\CharRowCellReference.hpp" />
     <ClInclude Include="..\precomp.h" />
-    <ClInclude Include="..\UnicodeStorage.hpp" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <!-- Careful reordering these. Some default props (contained in these files) are order sensitive. -->
   <Import Project="$(SolutionDir)src\common.build.post.props" />

src/buffer/out/lib/sources.dep

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+BUILD_PASS1_CONSUMES= \
+    onecore\windows\vcpkg|PASS1 \
+

src/buffer/out/search.cpp

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 
 #include "search.h"
 
-#include "CharRow.hpp"
+#include <til/unicode.h>
+
 #include "textBuffer.hpp"
-#include "../types/inc/Utf16Parser.hpp"
 #include "../types/inc/GlyphWidth.hpp"
 
 using namespace Microsoft::Console::Types;
@@ -193,12 +193,11 @@ bool Search::_FindNeedleInHaystackAt(const til::point pos, til::point& start, ti
 
     auto bufferPos = pos;
 
-    for (const auto& needleCell : _needle)
+    for (const auto& needleChars : _needle)
     {
         // Haystack is the buffer. Needle is the string we were given.
         const auto hayIter = _uiaData.GetTextBuffer().GetTextDataAt(bufferPos);
         const auto hayChars = *hayIter;
-        const auto needleChars = std::wstring_view(needleCell.data(), needleCell.size());
 
         // If we didn't match at any point of the needle, return false.
         if (!_CompareChars(hayChars, needleChars))
@@ -329,13 +328,12 @@ void Search::_UpdateNextPosition()
 // - wstr - String that will be our search term
 // Return Value:
 // - Structured text data for comparison to screen buffer text data.
-std::vector<std::vector<wchar_t>> Search::s_CreateNeedleFromString(const std::wstring_view wstr)
+std::vector<std::wstring> Search::s_CreateNeedleFromString(const std::wstring_view wstr)
 {
-    const auto charData = Utf16Parser::Parse(wstr);
-    std::vector<std::vector<wchar_t>> cells;
-    for (const auto chars : charData)
+    std::vector<std::wstring> cells;
+    for (const auto& chars : til::utf16_iterator{ wstr })
     {
-        if (IsGlyphFullWidth(std::wstring_view{ chars.data(), chars.size() }))
+        if (IsGlyphFullWidth(chars))
         {
             cells.emplace_back(chars);
         }

src/buffer/out/search.h

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ private:
 
     static til::point s_GetInitialAnchor(const Microsoft::Console::Types::IUiaData& uiaData, const Direction dir);
 
-    static std::vector<std::vector<wchar_t>> s_CreateNeedleFromString(const std::wstring_view wstr);
+    static std::vector<std::wstring> s_CreateNeedleFromString(const std::wstring_view wstr);
 
     bool _reachedEnd = false;
     til::point _coordNext;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ private:
     til::point _coordSelEnd;
 
     const til::point _coordAnchor;
-    const std::vector<std::vector<wchar_t>> _needle;
+    const std::vector<std::wstring> _needle;
     const Direction _direction;
     const Sensitivity _sensitivity;
     Microsoft::Console::Types::IUiaData& _uiaData;

src/buffer/out/sources.inc

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ PRECOMPILED_CXX         = 1
 PRECOMPILED_INCLUDE     = ..\precomp.h
 
 SOURCES= \
-    ..\AttrRow.cpp \
     ..\cursor.cpp    \
     ..\OutputCell.cpp \
     ..\OutputCellIterator.cpp \
@@ -41,10 +40,6 @@ SOURCES= \
     ..\textBuffer.cpp \
     ..\textBufferCellIterator.cpp \
     ..\textBufferTextIterator.cpp \
-    ..\CharRow.cpp \
-    ..\CharRowCell.cpp \
-    ..\CharRowCellReference.cpp \
-    ..\UnicodeStorage.cpp \
 	..\search.cpp \
 
 INCLUDES= \

src/buffer/out/textBuffer.cpp

@@ -4,15 +4,83 @@
 #include "precomp.h"
 
 #include "textBuffer.hpp"
-#include "CharRow.hpp"
+
+#include <til/hash.h>
+#include <til/unicode.h>
 
 #include "../renderer/base/renderer.hpp"
 #include "../types/inc/utils.hpp"
 #include "../types/inc/convert.hpp"
-#include "../../types/inc/Utf16Parser.hpp"
 #include "../../types/inc/GlyphWidth.hpp"
 
-#pragma hdrstop
+namespace
+{
+    struct BufferAllocator
+    {
+        BufferAllocator(til::size sz)
+        {
+            const auto w = gsl::narrow<uint16_t>(sz.width);
+            const auto h = gsl::narrow<uint16_t>(sz.height);
+
+            const auto charsBytes = w * sizeof(wchar_t);
+            // The ROW::_indices array stores 1 more item than the buffer is wide.
+            // That extra column stores the past-the-end _chars pointer.
+            const auto indicesBytes = w * sizeof(uint16_t) + sizeof(uint16_t);
+            const auto rowStride = charsBytes + indicesBytes;
+            // 65535*65535 cells would result in a charsAreaSize of 8GiB.
+            // --> Use uint64_t so that we can safely do our calculations even on x86.
+            const auto allocSize = gsl::narrow<size_t>(::base::strict_cast<uint64_t>(rowStride) * ::base::strict_cast<uint64_t>(h));
+
+            _buffer = wil::unique_virtualalloc_ptr<std::byte>{ static_cast<std::byte*>(VirtualAlloc(nullptr, allocSize, MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE)) };
+            THROW_IF_NULL_ALLOC(_buffer);
+
+            _data = std::span{ _buffer.get(), allocSize }.begin();
+            _rowStride = rowStride;
+            _indicesOffset = charsBytes;
+            _width = w;
+            _height = h;
+        }
+
+        BufferAllocator& operator++() noexcept
+        {
+            _data += _rowStride;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        wchar_t* chars() const noexcept
+        {
+            return til::bit_cast<wchar_t*>(&*_data);
+        }
+
+        uint16_t* indices() const noexcept
+        {
+            return til::bit_cast<uint16_t*>(&*(_data + _indicesOffset));
+        }
+
+        uint16_t width() const noexcept
+        {
+            return _width;
+        }
+
+        uint16_t height() const noexcept
+        {
+            return _height;
+        }
+
+        wil::unique_virtualalloc_ptr<std::byte>&& take() noexcept
+        {
+            return std::move(_buffer);
+        }
+
+    private:
+        wil::unique_virtualalloc_ptr<std::byte> _buffer;
+        std::span<std::byte>::iterator _data;
+        size_t _rowStride;
+        size_t _indicesOffset;
+        uint16_t _width;
+        uint16_t _height;
+    };
+}
 
 using namespace Microsoft::Console;
 using namespace Microsoft::Console::Types;
@@ -35,24 +103,20 @@ TextBuffer::TextBuffer(const til::size screenBufferSize,
                        const UINT cursorSize,
                        const bool isActiveBuffer,
                        Microsoft::Console::Render::Renderer& renderer) :
-    _firstRow{ 0 },
+    _renderer{ renderer },
     _currentAttributes{ defaultAttributes },
     _cursor{ cursorSize, *this },
-    _storage{},
-    _unicodeStorage{},
-    _isActiveBuffer{ isActiveBuffer },
-    _renderer{ renderer },
-    _size{},
-    _currentHyperlinkId{ 1 },
-    _currentPatternId{ 0 }
+    _isActiveBuffer{ isActiveBuffer }
 {
-    // initialize ROWs
-    _storage.reserve(gsl::narrow<size_t>(screenBufferSize.Y));
-    for (til::CoordType i = 0; i < screenBufferSize.Y; ++i)
+    BufferAllocator allocator{ screenBufferSize };
+
+    _storage.reserve(allocator.height());
+    for (til::CoordType i = 0; i < screenBufferSize.Y; ++i, ++allocator)
     {
-        _storage.emplace_back(i, screenBufferSize.X, _currentAttributes, this);
+        _storage.emplace_back(allocator.chars(), allocator.indices(), allocator.width(), _currentAttributes);
     }
 
+    _charBuffer = allocator.take();
     _UpdateSize();
 }
 
@@ -199,10 +263,10 @@ bool TextBuffer::_AssertValidDoubleByteSequence(const DbcsAttribute dbcsAttribut
     // To figure out if the sequence is valid, we have to look at the character that comes before the current one
     const auto coordPrevPosition = _GetPreviousFromCursor();
     auto& prevRow = GetRowByOffset(coordPrevPosition.Y);
-    DbcsAttribute prevDbcsAttr;
+    DbcsAttribute prevDbcsAttr = DbcsAttribute::Single;
     try
     {
-        prevDbcsAttr = prevRow.GetCharRow().DbcsAttrAt(coordPrevPosition.X);
+        prevDbcsAttr = prevRow.DbcsAttrAt(coordPrevPosition.X);
     }
     catch (...)
     {
@@ -229,21 +293,21 @@ bool TextBuffer::_AssertValidDoubleByteSequence(const DbcsAttribute dbcsAttribut
     // T    T       Fail, uncorrectable. New trailing byte must have had leading before it.
 
     // Check for only failing portions of the matrix:
-    if (prevDbcsAttr.IsSingle() && dbcsAttribute.IsTrailing())
+    if (prevDbcsAttr == DbcsAttribute::Single && dbcsAttribute == DbcsAttribute::Trailing)
     {
         // N, T failing case (uncorrectable)
         fValidSequence = false;
     }
-    else if (prevDbcsAttr.IsLeading())
+    else if (prevDbcsAttr == DbcsAttribute::Leading)
     {
-        if (dbcsAttribute.IsSingle() || dbcsAttribute.IsLeading())
+        if (dbcsAttribute == DbcsAttribute::Single || dbcsAttribute == DbcsAttribute::Leading)
         {
             // L, N and L, L failing cases (correctable)
             fValidSequence = false;
             fCorrectableByErase = true;
         }
     }
-    else if (prevDbcsAttr.IsTrailing() && dbcsAttribute.IsTrailing())
+    else if (prevDbcsAttr == DbcsAttribute::Trailing && dbcsAttribute == DbcsAttribute::Trailing)
     {
         // T, T failing case (uncorrectable)
         fValidSequence = false;
@@ -255,7 +319,7 @@ bool TextBuffer::_AssertValidDoubleByteSequence(const DbcsAttribute dbcsAttribut
         // Erase previous character into an N type.
         try
         {
-            prevRow.ClearColumn(coordPrevPosition.X);
+            prevRow.ClearCell(coordPrevPosition.X);
         }
         catch (...)
         {
@@ -289,7 +353,7 @@ bool TextBuffer::_PrepareForDoubleByteSequence(const DbcsAttribute dbcsAttribute
     auto fSuccess = true;
     // Now compensate if we don't have enough space for the upcoming double byte sequence
     // We only need to compensate for leading bytes
-    if (dbcsAttribute.IsLeading())
+    if (dbcsAttribute == DbcsAttribute::Leading)
     {
         const auto cursorPosition = GetCursor().GetPosition();
         const auto lineWidth = GetLineWidth(cursorPosition.Y);
@@ -418,12 +482,20 @@ bool TextBuffer::InsertCharacter(const std::wstring_view chars,
         auto& Row = GetRowByOffset(iRow);
 
         // Store character and double byte data
-        auto& charRow = Row.GetCharRow();
-
         try
         {
-            charRow.GlyphAt(iCol) = chars;
-            charRow.DbcsAttrAt(iCol) = dbcsAttribute;
+            switch (dbcsAttribute)
+            {
+            case DbcsAttribute::Leading:
+                Row.ReplaceCharacters(iCol, 2, chars);
+                break;
+            case DbcsAttribute::Trailing:
+                Row.ReplaceCharacters(iCol - 1, 2, chars);
+                break;
+            default:
+                Row.ReplaceCharacters(iCol, 1, chars);
+                break;
+            }
         }
         catch (...)
         {
@@ -432,7 +504,7 @@ bool TextBuffer::InsertCharacter(const std::wstring_view chars,
         }
 
         // Store color data
-        fSuccess = Row.GetAttrRow().SetAttrToEnd(iCol, attr);
+        fSuccess = Row.SetAttrToEnd(iCol, attr);
         if (fSuccess)
         {
             // Advance the cursor
@@ -572,8 +644,7 @@ bool TextBuffer::IncrementCircularBuffer(const bool inVtMode)
         // the current background color, but with no meta attributes set.
         fillAttributes.SetStandardErase();
     }
-    const auto fSuccess = _storage.at(_firstRow).Reset(fillAttributes);
-    if (fSuccess)
+    GetRowByOffset(0).Reset(fillAttributes);
     {
         // Now proceed to increment.
         // Incrementing it will cause the next line down to become the new "top" of the window (the new "0" in logical coordinates)
@@ -585,7 +656,7 @@ bool TextBuffer::IncrementCircularBuffer(const bool inVtMode)
             _firstRow = 0;
         }
     }
-    return fSuccess;
+    return true;
 }
 
 //Routine Description:
@@ -610,7 +681,7 @@ til::point TextBuffer::GetLastNonSpaceCharacter(std::optional<const Microsoft::C
 
     const auto& currRow = GetRowByOffset(coordEndOfText.Y);
     // The X position of the end of the valid text is the Right draw boundary (which is one beyond the final valid character)
-    coordEndOfText.X = currRow.GetCharRow().MeasureRight() - 1;
+    coordEndOfText.X = currRow.MeasureRight() - 1;
 
     // If the X coordinate turns out to be -1, the row was empty, we need to search backwards for the real end of text.
     const auto viewportTop = viewport.Top();
@@ -621,7 +692,7 @@ til::point TextBuffer::GetLastNonSpaceCharacter(std::optional<const Microsoft::C
         const auto& backupRow = GetRowByOffset(coordEndOfText.Y);
         // We need to back up to the previous row if this line is empty, AND there are more rows
 
-        coordEndOfText.X = backupRow.GetCharRow().MeasureRight() - 1;
+        coordEndOfText.X = backupRow.MeasureRight() - 1;
         fDoBackUp = (coordEndOfText.X < 0 && coordEndOfText.Y > viewportTop);
     }
 
@@ -779,10 +850,6 @@ void TextBuffer::ScrollRows(const til::CoordType firstRow, const til::CoordType
         // - end
         std::rotate(_storage.begin() + firstRow, _storage.begin() + firstRow + size, _storage.begin() + firstRow + size + delta);
     }
-
-    // Renumber the IDs now that we've rearranged where the rows sit within the buffer.
-    // Refreshing should also delegate to the UnicodeStorage to re-key all the stored unicode sequences (where applicable).
-    _RefreshRowIDs(std::nullopt);
 }
 
 Cursor& TextBuffer::GetCursor() noexcept
@@ -898,10 +965,10 @@ void TextBuffer::Reset()
 // - Success if successful. Invalid parameter if screen buffer size is unexpected. No memory if allocation failed.
 [[nodiscard]] NTSTATUS TextBuffer::ResizeTraditional(const til::size newSize) noexcept
 {
-    RETURN_HR_IF(E_INVALIDARG, newSize.X < 0 || newSize.Y < 0);
-
     try
     {
+        BufferAllocator allocator{ newSize };
+
         const auto currentSize = GetSize().Dimensions();
         const auto attributes = GetCurrentAttributes();
 
@@ -913,49 +980,30 @@ void TextBuffer::Reset()
         const auto TopRowIndex = (GetFirstRowIndex() + TopRow) % currentSize.Y;
 
         // rotate rows until the top row is at index 0
-        for (auto i = 0; i < TopRowIndex; i++)
-        {
-            _storage.emplace_back(std::move(_storage.front()));
-            _storage.erase(_storage.begin());
-        }
-
+        std::rotate(_storage.begin(), _storage.begin() + TopRowIndex, _storage.end());
         _SetFirstRowIndex(0);
 
         // realloc in the Y direction
         // remove rows if we're shrinking
-        while (_storage.size() > static_cast<size_t>(newSize.Y))
-        {
-            _storage.pop_back();
-        }
-        // add rows if we're growing
-        while (_storage.size() < static_cast<size_t>(newSize.Y))
-        {
-            _storage.emplace_back(gsl::narrow_cast<til::CoordType>(_storage.size()), newSize.X, attributes, this);
-        }
+        _storage.resize(allocator.height());
 
-        // Now that we've tampered with the row placement, refresh all the row IDs.
-        // Also take advantage of the row ID refresh loop to resize the rows in the X dimension
-        // and cleanup the UnicodeStorage characters that might fall outside the resized buffer.
-        _RefreshRowIDs(newSize.X);
+        // realloc in the X direction
+        for (auto& it : _storage)
+        {
+            it.Resize(allocator.chars(), allocator.indices(), allocator.width(), attributes);
+            ++allocator;
+        }
 
         // Update the cached size value
         _UpdateSize();
+
+        _charBuffer = allocator.take();
     }
     CATCH_RETURN();
 
     return S_OK;
 }
 
-const UnicodeStorage& TextBuffer::GetUnicodeStorage() const noexcept
-{
-    return _unicodeStorage;
-}
-
-UnicodeStorage& TextBuffer::GetUnicodeStorage() noexcept
-{
-    return _unicodeStorage;
-}
-
 void TextBuffer::SetAsActiveBuffer(const bool isActiveBuffer) noexcept
 {
     _isActiveBuffer = isActiveBuffer;
@@ -1019,42 +1067,6 @@ void TextBuffer::TriggerNewTextNotification(const std::wstring_view newText)
     }
 }
 
-// Routine Description:
-// - Method to help refresh all the Row IDs after manipulating the row
-//   by shuffling pointers around.
-// - This will also update parent pointers that are stored in depth within the buffer
-//   (e.g. it will update CharRow parents pointing at Rows that might have been moved around)
-// - Optionally takes a new row width if we're resizing to perform a resize operation and cleanup
-//   any high unicode (UnicodeStorage) runs while we're already looping through the rows.
-// Arguments:
-// - newRowWidth - Optional new value for the row width.
-void TextBuffer::_RefreshRowIDs(std::optional<til::CoordType> newRowWidth)
-{
-    std::unordered_map<til::CoordType, til::CoordType> rowMap;
-    til::CoordType i = 0;
-    for (auto& it : _storage)
-    {
-        // Build a map so we can update Unicode Storage
-        rowMap.emplace(it.GetId(), i);
-
-        // Update the IDs
-        it.SetId(i++);
-
-        // Also update the char row parent pointers as they can get shuffled up in the rotates.
-        it.GetCharRow().UpdateParent(&it);
-
-        // Resize the rows in the X dimension if we have a new width
-        if (newRowWidth.has_value())
-        {
-            // Realloc in the X direction
-            THROW_IF_FAILED(it.Resize(newRowWidth.value()));
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Give the new mapping to Unicode Storage
-    _unicodeStorage.Remap(rowMap, newRowWidth);
-}
-
 // Routine Description:
 // - Retrieves the first row from the underlying buffer.
 // Arguments:
@@ -1066,27 +1078,6 @@ ROW& TextBuffer::_GetFirstRow() noexcept
     return GetRowByOffset(0);
 }
 
-// Routine Description:
-// - Retrieves the row that comes before the given row.
-// - Does not wrap around the screen buffer.
-// Arguments:
-// - The current row.
-// Return Value:
-// - reference to the previous row
-// Note:
-// - will throw exception if called with the first row of the text buffer
-ROW& TextBuffer::_GetPrevRowNoWrap(const ROW& Row)
-{
-    auto prevRowIndex = Row.GetId() - 1;
-    if (prevRowIndex < 0)
-    {
-        prevRowIndex = TotalRowCount() - 1;
-    }
-
-    THROW_HR_IF(E_FAIL, Row.GetId() == _firstRow);
-    return _storage.at(prevRowIndex);
-}
-
 // Method Description:
 // - get delimiter class for buffer cell position
 // - used for double click selection and uia word navigation
@@ -1095,9 +1086,9 @@ ROW& TextBuffer::_GetPrevRowNoWrap(const ROW& Row)
 // - wordDelimiters: the delimiters defined as a part of the DelimiterClass::DelimiterChar
 // Return Value:
 // - the delimiter class for the given char
-DelimiterClass TextBuffer::_GetDelimiterClassAt(const til::point pos, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const
+DelimiterClass TextBuffer::_GetDelimiterClassAt(const til::point pos, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const noexcept
 {
-    return GetRowByOffset(pos.Y).GetCharRow().DelimiterClassAt(pos.X, wordDelimiters);
+    return GetRowByOffset(pos.Y).DelimiterClassAt(pos.X, wordDelimiters);
 }
 
 // Method Description:
@@ -1161,7 +1152,7 @@ til::point TextBuffer::GetWordStart(const til::point target, const std::wstring_
 // - wordDelimiters - what characters are we considering for the separation of words
 // Return Value:
 // - The til::point for the first character on the current/previous READABLE "word" (inclusive)
-til::point TextBuffer::_GetWordStartForAccessibility(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const
+til::point TextBuffer::_GetWordStartForAccessibility(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const noexcept
 {
     auto result = target;
     const auto bufferSize = GetSize();
@@ -1206,7 +1197,7 @@ til::point TextBuffer::_GetWordStartForAccessibility(const til::point target, co
 // - wordDelimiters - what characters are we considering for the separation of words
 // Return Value:
 // - The til::point for the first character on the current word or delimiter run (stopped by the left margin)
-til::point TextBuffer::_GetWordStartForSelection(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const
+til::point TextBuffer::_GetWordStartForSelection(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const noexcept
 {
     auto result = target;
     const auto bufferSize = GetSize();
@@ -1327,7 +1318,7 @@ til::point TextBuffer::_GetWordEndForAccessibility(const til::point target, cons
 // - wordDelimiters - what characters are we considering for the separation of words
 // Return Value:
 // - The til::point for the last character of the current word or delimiter run (stopped by right margin)
-til::point TextBuffer::_GetWordEndForSelection(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const
+til::point TextBuffer::_GetWordEndForSelection(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const noexcept
 {
     const auto bufferSize = GetSize();
 
@@ -1362,7 +1353,7 @@ void TextBuffer::_PruneHyperlinks()
     // If the buffer does not contain the same reference, we can remove that hyperlink from our map
     // This way, obsolete hyperlink references are cleared from our hyperlink map instead of hanging around
     // Get all the hyperlink references in the row we're erasing
-    const auto hyperlinks = _storage.at(_firstRow).GetAttrRow().GetHyperlinks();
+    const auto hyperlinks = GetRowByOffset(0).GetHyperlinks();
 
     if (!hyperlinks.empty())
     {
@@ -1378,7 +1369,7 @@ void TextBuffer::_PruneHyperlinks()
         // to see if those references are anywhere else
         for (til::CoordType i = 1; i < total; ++i)
         {
-            const auto nextRowRefs = GetRowByOffset(i).GetAttrRow().GetHyperlinks();
+            const auto nextRowRefs = GetRowByOffset(i).GetHyperlinks();
             for (auto id : nextRowRefs)
             {
                 if (firstRowRefs.find(id) != firstRowRefs.end())
@@ -1472,7 +1463,7 @@ til::point TextBuffer::GetGlyphStart(const til::point pos, std::optional<til::po
     }
 
     // limit is exclusive, so we need to move back to be within valid bounds
-    if (resultPos != limit && GetCellDataAt(resultPos)->DbcsAttr().IsTrailing())
+    if (resultPos != limit && GetCellDataAt(resultPos)->DbcsAttr() == DbcsAttribute::Trailing)
     {
         bufferSize.DecrementInBounds(resultPos, true);
     }
@@ -1499,7 +1490,7 @@ til::point TextBuffer::GetGlyphEnd(const til::point pos, bool accessibilityMode,
         resultPos = limit;
     }
 
-    if (resultPos != limit && GetCellDataAt(resultPos)->DbcsAttr().IsLeading())
+    if (resultPos != limit && GetCellDataAt(resultPos)->DbcsAttr() == DbcsAttribute::Leading)
     {
         bufferSize.IncrementInBounds(resultPos, true);
     }
@@ -1547,7 +1538,7 @@ bool TextBuffer::MoveToNextGlyph(til::point& pos, bool allowExclusiveEnd, std::o
     const bool success{ ++iter };
 
     // Move again if we're on a wide glyph
-    if (success && iter->DbcsAttr().IsTrailing())
+    if (success && iter->DbcsAttr() == DbcsAttribute::Trailing)
     {
         ++iter;
     }
@@ -1579,7 +1570,7 @@ bool TextBuffer::MoveToPreviousGlyph(til::point& pos, std::optional<til::point>
 
     // try to move. If we can't, we're done.
     const auto success = bufferSize.DecrementInBounds(resultPos, true);
-    if (resultPos != bufferSize.EndExclusive() && GetCellDataAt(resultPos)->DbcsAttr().IsLeading())
+    if (resultPos != bufferSize.EndExclusive() && GetCellDataAt(resultPos)->DbcsAttr() == DbcsAttribute::Leading)
     {
         bufferSize.DecrementInBounds(resultPos, true);
     }
@@ -1726,7 +1717,7 @@ void TextBuffer::_ExpandTextRow(til::inclusive_rect& textRow) const
 
     // expand left side of rect
     til::point targetPoint{ textRow.Left, textRow.Top };
-    if (GetCellDataAt(targetPoint)->DbcsAttr().IsTrailing())
+    if (GetCellDataAt(targetPoint)->DbcsAttr() == DbcsAttribute::Trailing)
     {
         if (targetPoint.X == bufferSize.Left())
         {
@@ -1741,7 +1732,7 @@ void TextBuffer::_ExpandTextRow(til::inclusive_rect& textRow) const
 
     // expand right side of rect
     targetPoint = { textRow.Right, textRow.Bottom };
-    if (GetCellDataAt(targetPoint)->DbcsAttr().IsLeading())
+    if (GetCellDataAt(targetPoint)->DbcsAttr() == DbcsAttribute::Leading)
     {
         if (targetPoint.X == bufferSize.RightInclusive())
         {
@@ -1811,7 +1802,7 @@ const TextBuffer::TextAndColor TextBuffer::GetText(const bool includeCRLF,
         {
             const auto& cell = *it;
 
-            if (!cell.DbcsAttr().IsTrailing())
+            if (cell.DbcsAttr() != DbcsAttribute::Trailing)
             {
                 const auto chars = cell.Chars();
                 selectionText.append(chars);
@@ -1911,7 +1902,7 @@ std::wstring TextBuffer::GetPlainText(const til::point& start, const til::point&
     for (; it && spanLength > 0; ++it, --spanLength)
     {
         const auto& cell = *it;
-        if (!cell.DbcsAttr().IsTrailing())
+        if (cell.DbcsAttr() != DbcsAttribute::Trailing)
         {
             const auto chars = cell.Chars();
             text.append(chars);
@@ -2352,12 +2343,11 @@ HRESULT TextBuffer::Reflow(TextBuffer& oldBuffer,
         // Fetch the row and its "right" which is the last printable character.
         const auto& row = oldBuffer.GetRowByOffset(iOldRow);
         const auto cOldColsTotal = oldBuffer.GetLineWidth(iOldRow);
-        const auto& charRow = row.GetCharRow();
-        auto iRight = charRow.MeasureRight();
+        auto iRight = row.MeasureRight();
 
         // If we're starting a new row, try and preserve the line rendition
         // from the row in the original buffer.
-        const auto newBufferPos = newBuffer.GetCursor().GetPosition();
+        const auto newBufferPos = newCursor.GetPosition();
         if (newBufferPos.X == 0)
         {
             auto& newRow = newBuffer.GetRowByOffset(newBufferPos.Y);
@@ -2404,9 +2394,9 @@ HRESULT TextBuffer::Reflow(TextBuffer& oldBuffer,
             try
             {
                 // TODO: MSFT: 19446208 - this should just use an iterator and the inserter...
-                const auto glyph = row.GetCharRow().GlyphAt(iOldCol);
-                const auto dbcsAttr = row.GetCharRow().DbcsAttrAt(iOldCol);
-                const auto textAttr = row.GetAttrRow().GetAttrByColumn(iOldCol);
+                const auto glyph = row.GlyphAt(iOldCol);
+                const auto dbcsAttr = row.DbcsAttrAt(iOldCol);
+                const auto textAttr = row.GetAttrByColumn(iOldCol);
 
                 if (!newBuffer.InsertCharacter(glyph, dbcsAttr, textAttr))
                 {
@@ -2450,8 +2440,8 @@ HRESULT TextBuffer::Reflow(TextBuffer& oldBuffer,
             try
             {
                 // TODO: MSFT: 19446208 - this should just use an iterator and the inserter...
-                const auto textAttr = row.GetAttrRow().GetAttrByColumn(copyAttrCol);
-                if (!newRow.GetAttrRow().SetAttrToEnd(newAttrColumn, textAttr))
+                const auto textAttr = row.GetAttrByColumn(copyAttrCol);
+                if (!newRow.SetAttrToEnd(newAttrColumn, textAttr))
                 {
                     break;
                 }
@@ -2565,8 +2555,7 @@ HRESULT TextBuffer::Reflow(TextBuffer& oldBuffer,
         // the last attr when wider.
         auto& newRow = newBuffer.GetRowByOffset(newRowY);
         const auto newWidth = newBuffer.GetLineWidth(newRowY);
-        newRow.GetAttrRow() = row.GetAttrRow();
-        newRow.GetAttrRow().Resize(newWidth);
+        newRow.TransferAttributes(row.Attributes(), newWidth);
 
         newRowY++;
     }
@@ -2821,16 +2810,14 @@ PointTree TextBuffer::GetPatterns(const til::CoordType firstRow, const til::Coor
             // match and the previous match, so we use the size of the prefix
             // along with the size of the match to determine the locations
             til::CoordType prefixSize = 0;
-            for (const auto parsedGlyph : Utf16Parser::Parse(i->prefix().str()))
+            for (const auto str = i->prefix().str(); const auto& glyph : til::utf16_iterator{ str })
             {
-                const std::wstring_view glyph{ parsedGlyph.data(), parsedGlyph.size() };
                 prefixSize += IsGlyphFullWidth(glyph) ? 2 : 1;
             }
             const auto start = lenUpToThis + prefixSize;
             til::CoordType matchSize = 0;
-            for (const auto parsedGlyph : Utf16Parser::Parse(i->str()))
+            for (const auto str = i->str(); const auto& glyph : til::utf16_iterator{ str })
             {
-                const std::wstring_view glyph{ parsedGlyph.data(), parsedGlyph.size() };
                 matchSize += IsGlyphFullWidth(glyph) ? 2 : 1;
             }
             const auto end = start + matchSize;

src/buffer/out/textBuffer.hpp

@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ filling in the last row, and updating the screen.
 #include "cursor.h"
 #include "Row.hpp"
 #include "TextAttribute.hpp"
-#include "UnicodeStorage.hpp"
 #include "../types/inc/Viewport.hpp"
 
 #include "../buffer/out/textBufferCellIterator.hpp"
@@ -140,9 +139,6 @@ public:
 
     [[nodiscard]] HRESULT ResizeTraditional(const til::size newSize) noexcept;
 
-    const UnicodeStorage& GetUnicodeStorage() const noexcept;
-    UnicodeStorage& GetUnicodeStorage() noexcept;
-
     void SetAsActiveBuffer(const bool isActiveBuffer) noexcept;
     bool IsActiveBuffer() const noexcept;
 
@@ -221,59 +217,42 @@ public:
 
 private:
     void _UpdateSize();
-    Microsoft::Console::Types::Viewport _size;
-    std::vector<ROW> _storage;
-    Cursor _cursor;
-
-    til::CoordType _firstRow; // indexes top row (not necessarily 0)
-
-    TextAttribute _currentAttributes;
-
-    // storage location for glyphs that can't fit into the buffer normally
-    UnicodeStorage _unicodeStorage;
-
-    bool _isActiveBuffer;
-    Microsoft::Console::Render::Renderer& _renderer;
-
-    struct Clickable
-    {
-        std::wstring uri;
-        std::wstring params;
-    };
-    std::unordered_map<uint16_t, Clickable> _hyperlinkMap;
-    std::unordered_map<std::wstring, uint16_t> _hyperlinkCustomIdMap;
-    uint16_t _currentHyperlinkId;
-
-    void _RefreshRowIDs(std::optional<til::CoordType> newRowWidth);
-
     void _SetFirstRowIndex(const til::CoordType FirstRowIndex) noexcept;
-
     til::point _GetPreviousFromCursor() const noexcept;
-
     void _SetWrapOnCurrentRow() noexcept;
     void _AdjustWrapOnCurrentRow(const bool fSet) noexcept;
-
     // Assist with maintaining proper buffer state for Double Byte character sequences
     bool _PrepareForDoubleByteSequence(const DbcsAttribute dbcsAttribute);
     bool _AssertValidDoubleByteSequence(const DbcsAttribute dbcsAttribute);
-
     ROW& _GetFirstRow() noexcept;
-    ROW& _GetPrevRowNoWrap(const ROW& row);
-
     void _ExpandTextRow(til::inclusive_rect& selectionRow) const;
-
-    DelimiterClass _GetDelimiterClassAt(const til::point pos, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const;
-    til::point _GetWordStartForAccessibility(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const;
-    til::point _GetWordStartForSelection(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const;
+    DelimiterClass _GetDelimiterClassAt(const til::point pos, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const noexcept;
+    til::point _GetWordStartForAccessibility(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const noexcept;
+    til::point _GetWordStartForSelection(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const noexcept;
     til::point _GetWordEndForAccessibility(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters, const til::point limit) const;
-    til::point _GetWordEndForSelection(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const;
-
+    til::point _GetWordEndForSelection(const til::point target, const std::wstring_view wordDelimiters) const noexcept;
     void _PruneHyperlinks();
 
     static void _AppendRTFText(std::ostringstream& contentBuilder, const std::wstring_view& text);
 
+    Microsoft::Console::Render::Renderer& _renderer;
+
+    std::unordered_map<uint16_t, std::wstring> _hyperlinkMap;
+    std::unordered_map<std::wstring, uint16_t> _hyperlinkCustomIdMap;
+    uint16_t _currentHyperlinkId = 1;
+
     std::unordered_map<size_t, std::wstring> _idsAndPatterns;
-    size_t _currentPatternId;
+    size_t _currentPatternId = 0;
+
+    wil::unique_virtualalloc_ptr<std::byte> _charBuffer;
+    std::vector<ROW> _storage;
+    TextAttribute _currentAttributes;
+    til::CoordType _firstRow = 0; // indexes top row (not necessarily 0)
+
+    Cursor _cursor;
+    Microsoft::Console::Types::Viewport _size;
+
+    bool _isActiveBuffer = false;
 
 #ifdef UNIT_TESTING
     friend class TextBufferTests;

src/buffer/out/textBufferCellIterator.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 
 #include "textBufferCellIterator.hpp"
 
-#include "CharRow.hpp"
 #include "textBuffer.hpp"
 #include "../types/inc/convert.hpp"
 #include "../types/inc/viewport.hpp"
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ TextBufferCellIterator::TextBufferCellIterator(const TextBuffer& buffer, til::po
     _bounds(limits),
     _exceeded(false),
     _view({}, {}, {}, TextAttributeBehavior::Stored),
-    _attrIter(s_GetRow(buffer, pos)->GetAttrRow().cbegin())
+    _attrIter(s_GetRow(buffer, pos)->AttrBegin())
 {
     // Throw if the bounds rectangle is not limited to the inside of the given buffer.
     THROW_HR_IF(E_INVALIDARG, !buffer.GetSize().IsInBounds(limits));
@@ -165,16 +164,15 @@ TextBufferCellIterator& TextBufferCellIterator::operator+=(const ptrdiff_t& move
         _attrIter += diff;
         _view.UpdateTextAttribute(*_attrIter);
 
-        const auto& charRow = _pRow->GetCharRow();
-        _view.UpdateText(charRow.GlyphAt(newX));
-        _view.UpdateDbcsAttribute(charRow.DbcsAttrAt(newX));
+        _view.UpdateText(_pRow->GlyphAt(newX));
+        _view.UpdateDbcsAttribute(_pRow->DbcsAttrAt(newX));
         _pos.X = newX;
     }
     else
     {
         // cold path (_GenerateView is slow)
         _pRow = s_GetRow(_buffer, { newX, newY });
-        _attrIter = _pRow->GetAttrRow().cbegin() + newX;
+        _attrIter = _pRow->AttrBegin() + newX;
         _pos.X = newX;
         _pos.Y = newY;
         _GenerateView();
@@ -289,12 +287,12 @@ ptrdiff_t TextBufferCellIterator::operator-(const TextBufferCellIterator& it)
 // - Sets the coordinate position that this iterator will inspect within the text buffer on dereference.
 // Arguments:
 // - newPos - The new coordinate position.
-void TextBufferCellIterator::_SetPos(const til::point newPos)
+void TextBufferCellIterator::_SetPos(const til::point newPos) noexcept
 {
     if (newPos.Y != _pos.Y)
     {
         _pRow = s_GetRow(_buffer, newPos);
-        _attrIter = _pRow->GetAttrRow().cbegin();
+        _attrIter = _pRow->AttrBegin();
         _pos.X = 0;
     }
 
@@ -324,10 +322,10 @@ const ROW* TextBufferCellIterator::s_GetRow(const TextBuffer& buffer, const til:
 
 // Routine Description:
 // - Updates the internal view. Call after updating row, attribute, or positions.
-void TextBufferCellIterator::_GenerateView()
+void TextBufferCellIterator::_GenerateView() noexcept
 {
-    _view = OutputCellView(_pRow->GetCharRow().GlyphAt(_pos.X),
-                           _pRow->GetCharRow().DbcsAttrAt(_pos.X),
+    _view = OutputCellView(_pRow->GlyphAt(_pos.X),
+                           _pRow->DbcsAttrAt(_pos.X),
                            *_attrIter,
                            TextAttributeBehavior::Stored);
 }

src/buffer/out/textBufferCellIterator.hpp

@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@ Author(s):
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include "CharRow.hpp"
-#include "AttrRow.hpp"
+#include "Row.hpp"
 #include "OutputCellView.hpp"
 #include "../../types/inc/viewport.hpp"
 
@@ -50,14 +49,14 @@ public:
     til::point Pos() const noexcept;
 
 protected:
-    void _SetPos(const til::point newPos);
-    void _GenerateView();
+    void _SetPos(const til::point newPos) noexcept;
+    void _GenerateView() noexcept;
     static const ROW* s_GetRow(const TextBuffer& buffer, const til::point pos) noexcept;
 
+    til::small_rle<TextAttribute, uint16_t, 1>::const_iterator _attrIter;
     OutputCellView _view;
 
     const ROW* _pRow;
-    ATTR_ROW::const_iterator _attrIter;
     const TextBuffer& _buffer;
     const Microsoft::Console::Types::Viewport _bounds;
     bool _exceeded;

src/buffer/out/textBufferTextIterator.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 
 #include "textBufferTextIterator.hpp"
 
-#include "CharRow.hpp"
 #include "Row.hpp"
 
 #pragma hdrstop

src/buffer/out/ut_textbuffer/ReflowTests.cpp

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 
 #include "../textBuffer.hpp"
 #include "../../renderer/inc/DummyRenderer.hpp"
-#include "../../types/inc/Utf16Parser.hpp"
 #include "../../types/inc/GlyphWidth.hpp"
 
 #include <IDataSource.h>
@@ -683,7 +682,7 @@ namespace
     {
         STDMETHODIMP Advance(IDataRow** ppDataRow) override
         {
-            if (_index < std::extent<decltype(testCases)>::value)
+            if (_index < std::extent_v<decltype(testCases)>)
             {
                 Microsoft::WRL::MakeAndInitialize<ArrayIndexTaefAdapterRow>(ppDataRow, _index++);
             }
@@ -737,34 +736,22 @@ class ReflowTests
     {
         auto buffer = std::make_unique<TextBuffer>(testBuffer.size, TextAttribute{ 0x7 }, 0, false, renderer);
 
-        til::CoordType i{};
+        til::CoordType y = 0;
         for (const auto& testRow : testBuffer.rows)
         {
-            auto& row{ buffer->GetRowByOffset(i) };
+            auto& row{ buffer->GetRowByOffset(y) };
 
-            auto& charRow{ row.GetCharRow() };
             row.SetWrapForced(testRow.wrap);
 
-            til::CoordType j{};
-            for (auto it{ charRow.begin() }; it != charRow.end(); ++it)
+            til::CoordType x = 0;
+            for (const auto& ch : testRow.text)
             {
-                // Yes, we're about to manually create a buffer. It is unpleasant.
-                const auto ch{ til::at(testRow.text, j) };
-                it->Char() = ch;
-                if (IsGlyphFullWidth(ch))
-                {
-                    it->DbcsAttr().SetLeading();
-                    it++;
-                    it->Char() = ch;
-                    it->DbcsAttr().SetTrailing();
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    it->DbcsAttr().SetSingle();
-                }
-                j++;
+                const til::CoordType width = IsGlyphFullWidth(ch) ? 2 : 1;
+                row.ReplaceCharacters(x, width, { &ch, 1 });
+                x += width;
             }
-            i++;
+
+            y++;
         }
 
         buffer->GetCursor().SetPosition(testBuffer.cursor);
@@ -783,42 +770,44 @@ class ReflowTests
         VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(testBuffer.cursor, buffer.GetCursor().GetPosition());
         VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(testBuffer.size, buffer.GetSize().Dimensions());
 
-        til::CoordType i{};
+        til::CoordType y = 0;
         for (const auto& testRow : testBuffer.rows)
         {
             NoThrowString indexString;
-            const auto& row{ buffer.GetRowByOffset(i) };
+            const auto& row{ buffer.GetRowByOffset(y) };
 
-            const auto& charRow{ row.GetCharRow() };
-
-            indexString.Format(L"[Row %d]", i);
+            indexString.Format(L"[Row %d]", y);
             VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(testRow.wrap, row.WasWrapForced(), indexString);
 
-            til::CoordType j{};
-            for (auto it{ charRow.begin() }; it != charRow.end(); ++it)
+            til::CoordType x = 0;
+            til::CoordType j = 0;
+            for (const auto& ch : testRow.text)
             {
-                indexString.Format(L"[Cell %d, %d; Text line index %d]", it - charRow.begin(), i, j);
-                // Yes, we're about to manually create a buffer. It is unpleasant.
-                const auto ch{ til::at(testRow.text, j) };
+                indexString.Format(L"[Cell %d, %d; Text line index %d]", x, y, j);
+
                 if (IsGlyphFullWidth(ch))
                 {
                     // Char is full width in test buffer, so
                     // ensure that real buffer is LEAD, TRAIL (ch)
-                    VERIFY_IS_TRUE(it->DbcsAttr().IsLeading(), indexString);
-                    VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(ch, it->Char(), indexString);
+                    VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(row.DbcsAttrAt(x), DbcsAttribute::Leading, indexString);
+                    VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(ch, row.GlyphAt(x).front(), indexString);
+                    ++x;
 
-                    it++;
-                    VERIFY_IS_TRUE(it->DbcsAttr().IsTrailing(), indexString);
+                    VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(row.DbcsAttrAt(x), DbcsAttribute::Trailing, indexString);
+                    VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(ch, row.GlyphAt(x).front(), indexString);
+                    ++x;
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    VERIFY_IS_TRUE(it->DbcsAttr().IsSingle(), indexString);
+                    VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(row.DbcsAttrAt(x), DbcsAttribute::Single, indexString);
+                    VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(ch, row.GlyphAt(x).front(), indexString);
+                    ++x;
                 }
 
-                VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(ch, it->Char(), indexString);
                 j++;
             }
-            i++;
+
+            y++;
         }
     }
 

src/buffer/out/ut_textbuffer/TextAttributeTests.cpp

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ void TextAttributeTests::TestRoundtripMetaBits()
         auto attr = TextAttribute(expectedLegacy);
         VERIFY_IS_TRUE(attr.IsLegacy());
         VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(expectedLegacy, attr.GetLegacyAttributes());
-        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(flag, attr._wAttrLegacy);
+        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(flag, static_cast<WORD>(attr._attrs));
     }
 }
 

src/buffer/out/ut_textbuffer/TextBuffer.Unit.Tests.vcxproj

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
     <ClCompile Include="ReflowTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="TextColorTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="TextAttributeTests.cpp" />
-    <ClCompile Include="UnicodeStorageTests.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\precomp.cpp">
       <PrecompiledHeader>Create</PrecompiledHeader>
     </ClCompile>
@@ -42,4 +41,4 @@
   <Import Project="$(SolutionDir)src\common.build.post.props" />
   <Import Project="$(SolutionDir)src\common.build.tests.props" />
   <Import Project="$(SolutionDir)src\common.nugetversions.targets" />
-</Project>
+</Project>

src/buffer/out/ut_textbuffer/UnicodeStorageTests.cpp

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
-// Licensed under the MIT license.
-
-#include "precomp.h"
-#include "WexTestClass.h"
-#include "../../inc/consoletaeftemplates.hpp"
-
-#include "../UnicodeStorage.hpp"
-
-using namespace WEX::Common;
-using namespace WEX::Logging;
-using namespace WEX::TestExecution;
-
-class UnicodeStorageTests
-{
-    TEST_CLASS(UnicodeStorageTests);
-
-    TEST_METHOD(CanOverwriteEmoji)
-    {
-        UnicodeStorage storage;
-        const til::point coord{ 1, 3 };
-        const std::vector<wchar_t> newMoon{ 0xD83C, 0xDF11 };
-        const std::vector<wchar_t> fullMoon{ 0xD83C, 0xDF15 };
-
-        // store initial glyph
-        storage.StoreGlyph(coord, newMoon);
-
-        // verify it was stored
-        auto findIt = storage._map.find(coord);
-        VERIFY_ARE_NOT_EQUAL(findIt, storage._map.end());
-        const auto& newMoonGlyph = findIt->second;
-        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(newMoonGlyph.size(), newMoon.size());
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < newMoon.size(); ++i)
-        {
-            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(newMoonGlyph.at(i), newMoon.at(i));
-        }
-
-        // overwrite it
-        storage.StoreGlyph(coord, fullMoon);
-
-        // verify the glyph was overwritten
-        findIt = storage._map.find(coord);
-        VERIFY_ARE_NOT_EQUAL(findIt, storage._map.end());
-        const auto& fullMoonGlyph = findIt->second;
-        VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(fullMoonGlyph.size(), fullMoon.size());
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < fullMoon.size(); ++i)
-        {
-            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(fullMoonGlyph.at(i), fullMoon.at(i));
-        }
-    }
-};

src/buffer/out/ut_textbuffer/sources.dep

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+BUILD_PASS1_CONSUMES= \
+    onecore\windows\vcpkg|PASS1 \
+

src/cascadia/CascadiaPackage/Package-Dev.appxmanifest

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
   </Properties>
 
   <Dependencies>
-    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Desktop" MinVersion="10.0.19041.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22000.0" />
+    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Desktop" MinVersion="10.0.19041.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22621.0" />
   </Dependencies>
 
   <Resources>

src/cascadia/CascadiaPackage/Package-Pre.appxmanifest

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
   </Properties>
 
   <Dependencies>
-    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Desktop" MinVersion="10.0.19041.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22000.0" />
+    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Desktop" MinVersion="10.0.19041.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22621.0" />
   </Dependencies>
 
   <Resources>

src/cascadia/CascadiaPackage/Package.appxmanifest

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
   </Properties>
 
   <Dependencies>
-    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Desktop" MinVersion="10.0.19041.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22000.0" />
+    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Desktop" MinVersion="10.0.19041.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22621.0" />
   </Dependencies>
 
   <Resources>
@@ -188,8 +188,8 @@
             <com:ComInterface>
                 <com:ProxyStub Id="3171DE52-6EFA-4AEF-8A9F-D02BD67E7A4F" DisplayName="OpenConsoleHandoffProxy" Path="OpenConsoleProxy.dll"/>
                 <com:Interface Id="E686C757-9A35-4A1C-B3CE-0BCC8B5C69F4" ProxyStubClsid="3171DE52-6EFA-4AEF-8A9F-D02BD67E7A4F"/>
-                <com:Interface Id="59D55CCE-FC8A-48B4-ACE8-0A9286C6557F" ProxyStubClsid="1833E661-CC81-4DD0-87C6-C2F74BD39EFA"/> <!-- ITerminalHandoff -->
-                <com:Interface Id="AA6B364F-4A50-4176-9002-0AE755E7B5EF" ProxyStubClsid="1833E661-CC81-4DD0-87C6-C2F74BD39EFA"/> <!-- ITerminalHandoff2 -->
+                <com:Interface Id="59D55CCE-FC8A-48B4-ACE8-0A9286C6557F" ProxyStubClsid="3171DE52-6EFA-4AEF-8A9F-D02BD67E7A4F"/> <!-- ITerminalHandoff -->
+                <com:Interface Id="AA6B364F-4A50-4176-9002-0AE755E7B5EF" ProxyStubClsid="3171DE52-6EFA-4AEF-8A9F-D02BD67E7A4F"/> <!-- ITerminalHandoff2 -->
                 <com:Interface Id="746E6BC0-AB05-4E38-AB14-71E86763141F" ProxyStubClsid="3171DE52-6EFA-4AEF-8A9F-D02BD67E7A4F"/>
             </com:ComInterface>
         </com:Extension>

src/cascadia/LocalTests_SettingsModel/pch.h

@@ -41,11 +41,13 @@ Author(s):
 #include <winrt/Windows.system.h>
 #include <winrt/Windows.Foundation.h>
 #include <winrt/Windows.Foundation.Collections.h>
+#include <Windows.Graphics.Imaging.Interop.h>
 #include <winrt/windows.ui.core.h>
 #include <winrt/Windows.ui.input.h>
 #include <winrt/Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls.h>
 #include <winrt/Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls.Primitives.h>
 #include <winrt/Windows.ui.xaml.media.h>
+#include <winrt/Windows.UI.Xaml.Media.Imaging.h>
 #include <winrt/Windows.ui.xaml.input.h>
 #include <winrt/Windows.UI.Xaml.Markup.h>
 #include <winrt/Windows.UI.Xaml.Documents.h>

src/cascadia/LocalTests_TerminalApp/TabTests.cpp

@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ namespace TerminalAppLocalTests
 
         Log::Comment(NoThrowString().Format(L"Duplicate the first pane"));
         result = RunOnUIThread([&page]() {
-            page->_SplitPane(SplitDirection::Automatic, 0.5f, page->_MakePane(nullptr, true, nullptr));
+            page->_SplitPane(SplitDirection::Automatic, 0.5f, page->_MakePane(nullptr, page->_GetFocusedTab(), nullptr));
 
             VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(1u, page->_tabs.Size());
             auto tab = page->_GetTerminalTabImpl(page->_tabs.GetAt(0));
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ namespace TerminalAppLocalTests
 
         Log::Comment(NoThrowString().Format(L"Duplicate the pane, and don't crash"));
         result = RunOnUIThread([&page]() {
-            page->_SplitPane(SplitDirection::Automatic, 0.5f, page->_MakePane(nullptr, true, nullptr));
+            page->_SplitPane(SplitDirection::Automatic, 0.5f, page->_MakePane(nullptr, page->_GetFocusedTab(), nullptr));
 
             VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(1u, page->_tabs.Size());
             auto tab = page->_GetTerminalTabImpl(page->_tabs.GetAt(0));
@@ -843,7 +843,7 @@ namespace TerminalAppLocalTests
             // |   1    |   2    |
             // |        |        |
             // -------------------
-            page->_SplitPane(SplitDirection::Right, 0.5f, page->_MakePane(nullptr, true, nullptr));
+            page->_SplitPane(SplitDirection::Right, 0.5f, page->_MakePane(nullptr, page->_GetFocusedTab(), nullptr));
             secondId = tab->_activePane->Id().value();
         });
         Sleep(250);
@@ -861,7 +861,7 @@ namespace TerminalAppLocalTests
             // |   3    |        |
             // |        |        |
             // -------------------
-            page->_SplitPane(SplitDirection::Down, 0.5f, page->_MakePane(nullptr, true, nullptr));
+            page->_SplitPane(SplitDirection::Down, 0.5f, page->_MakePane(nullptr, page->_GetFocusedTab(), nullptr));
             auto tab = page->_GetTerminalTabImpl(page->_tabs.GetAt(0));
             // Split again to make the 3rd tab
             thirdId = tab->_activePane->Id().value();
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ namespace TerminalAppLocalTests
             // |   3    |   4    |
             // |        |        |
             // -------------------
-            page->_SplitPane(SplitDirection::Down, 0.5f, page->_MakePane(nullptr, true, nullptr));
+            page->_SplitPane(SplitDirection::Down, 0.5f, page->_MakePane(nullptr, page->_GetFocusedTab(), nullptr));
             auto tab = page->_GetTerminalTabImpl(page->_tabs.GetAt(0));
             fourthId = tab->_activePane->Id().value();
         });

src/cascadia/LocalTests_TerminalApp/TerminalApp.LocalTests.AppxManifest.prototype.xml

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
   </Properties>
 
   <Dependencies>
-    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Universal" MinVersion="10.0.17763.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22000.0" />
+    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Universal" MinVersion="10.0.17763.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22621.0" />
     <PackageDependency Name="Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00.Debug" MinVersion="14.0.27023.1" Publisher="CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US" />
     <PackageDependency Name="Microsoft.VCLibs.140.00.Debug.UWPDesktop" MinVersion="14.0.27027.1" Publisher="CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US" />
   </Dependencies>

src/cascadia/LocalTests_TerminalApp/TestHostApp/Package.appxmanifest

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
     <uap:SupportedUsers>multiple</uap:SupportedUsers>
   </Properties>
   <Dependencies>
-    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Universal" MinVersion="10.0.17763.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22000.0" />
+    <TargetDeviceFamily Name="Windows.Universal" MinVersion="10.0.17763.0" MaxVersionTested="10.0.22621.0" />
   </Dependencies>
   <Resources>
     <Resource Language="x-generate" />

src/cascadia/PublicTerminalCore/HwndTerminal.cpp

@@ -4,11 +4,7 @@
 #include "pch.h"
 #include "HwndTerminal.hpp"
 #include <windowsx.h>
-#include "../../types/TermControlUiaProvider.hpp"
 #include <DefaultSettings.h>
-#include "../../renderer/base/Renderer.hpp"
-#include "../../renderer/dx/DxRenderer.hpp"
-#include "../../cascadia/TerminalCore/Terminal.hpp"
 #include "../../types/viewport.cpp"
 #include "../../types/inc/GlyphWidth.hpp"
 
@@ -54,6 +50,17 @@ LRESULT CALLBACK HwndTerminal::HwndTerminalWndProc(
     LPARAM lParam) noexcept
 try
 {
+    if (WM_NCCREATE == uMsg)
+    {
+#pragma warning(suppress : 26490) // Win32 APIs can only store void*, have to use reinterpret_cast
+        auto cs = reinterpret_cast<CREATESTRUCT*>(lParam);
+        HwndTerminal* that = static_cast<HwndTerminal*>(cs->lpCreateParams);
+        that->_hwnd = wil::unique_hwnd(hwnd);
+
+#pragma warning(suppress : 26490) // Win32 APIs can only store void*, have to use reinterpret_cast
+        SetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWLP_USERDATA, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(that));
+        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, WM_NCCREATE, wParam, lParam);
+    }
 #pragma warning(suppress : 26490) // Win32 APIs can only store void*, have to use reinterpret_cast
     auto terminal = reinterpret_cast<HwndTerminal*>(GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWLP_USERDATA));
 
@@ -169,7 +176,7 @@ static bool RegisterTermClass(HINSTANCE hInstance) noexcept
 }
 
 HwndTerminal::HwndTerminal(HWND parentHwnd) :
-    _desiredFont{ L"Consolas", 0, DEFAULT_FONT_WEIGHT, { 0, 14 }, CP_UTF8 },
+    _desiredFont{ L"Consolas", 0, DEFAULT_FONT_WEIGHT, 14, CP_UTF8 },
     _actualFont{ L"Consolas", 0, DEFAULT_FONT_WEIGHT, { 0, 14 }, CP_UTF8, false },
     _uiaProvider{ nullptr },
     _currentDpi{ USER_DEFAULT_SCREEN_DPI },
@@ -182,7 +189,7 @@ HwndTerminal::HwndTerminal(HWND parentHwnd) :
 
     if (RegisterTermClass(hInstance))
     {
-        _hwnd = wil::unique_hwnd(CreateWindowExW(
+        CreateWindowExW(
             0,
             term_window_class,
             nullptr,
@@ -197,10 +204,7 @@ HwndTerminal::HwndTerminal(HWND parentHwnd) :
             parentHwnd,
             nullptr,
             hInstance,
-            nullptr));
-
-#pragma warning(suppress : 26490) // Win32 APIs can only store void*, have to use reinterpret_cast
-        SetWindowLongPtr(_hwnd.get(), GWLP_USERDATA, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(this));
+            this);
     }
 }
 
@@ -324,14 +328,15 @@ IRawElementProviderSimple* HwndTerminal::_GetUiaProvider() noexcept
 {
     // If TermControlUiaProvider throws during construction,
     // we don't want to try constructing an instance again and again.
-    // _uiaProviderInitialized helps us prevent this.
-    if (!_uiaProviderInitialized)
+    if (!_uiaProvider)
     {
         try
         {
             auto lock = _terminal->LockForWriting();
-            LOG_IF_FAILED(::Microsoft::WRL::MakeAndInitialize<::Microsoft::Terminal::TermControlUiaProvider>(&_uiaProvider, this->GetUiaData(), this));
-            _uiaProviderInitialized = true;
+            LOG_IF_FAILED(::Microsoft::WRL::MakeAndInitialize<HwndTerminalAutomationPeer>(&_uiaProvider, this->GetUiaData(), this));
+            _uiaEngine = std::make_unique<::Microsoft::Console::Render::UiaEngine>(_uiaProvider.Get());
+            LOG_IF_FAILED(_uiaEngine->Enable());
+            _renderer->AddRenderEngine(_uiaEngine.get());
         }
         catch (...)
         {
@@ -380,29 +385,10 @@ void HwndTerminal::SendOutput(std::wstring_view data)
 
 HRESULT _stdcall CreateTerminal(HWND parentHwnd, _Out_ void** hwnd, _Out_ void** terminal)
 {
-    // In order for UIA to hook up properly there needs to be a "static" window hosting the
-    // inner win32 control. If the static window is not present then WM_GETOBJECT messages
-    // will not reach the child control, and the uia element will not be present in the tree.
-    auto _hostWindow = CreateWindowEx(
-        0,
-        L"static",
-        nullptr,
-        WS_CHILD |
-            WS_CLIPCHILDREN |
-            WS_CLIPSIBLINGS |
-            WS_VISIBLE,
-        0,
-        0,
-        0,
-        0,
-        parentHwnd,
-        nullptr,
-        nullptr,
-        nullptr);
-    auto _terminal = std::make_unique<HwndTerminal>(_hostWindow);
+    auto _terminal = std::make_unique<HwndTerminal>(parentHwnd);
     RETURN_IF_FAILED(_terminal->Initialize());
 
-    *hwnd = _hostWindow;
+    *hwnd = _terminal->GetHwnd();
     *terminal = _terminal.release();
 
     return S_OK;
@@ -725,6 +711,10 @@ try
     {
         modifiers |= ControlKeyStates::EnhancedKey;
     }
+    if (vkey && keyDown && _uiaProvider)
+    {
+        _uiaProvider->RecordKeyEvent(vkey);
+    }
     _terminal->SendKeyEvent(vkey, scanCode, modifiers, keyDown);
 }
 CATCH_LOG();
@@ -799,7 +789,7 @@ void _stdcall TerminalSetTheme(void* terminal, TerminalTheme theme, LPCWSTR font
 
     publicTerminal->_terminal->SetCursorStyle(static_cast<DispatchTypes::CursorStyle>(theme.CursorStyle));
 
-    publicTerminal->_desiredFont = { fontFamily, 0, DEFAULT_FONT_WEIGHT, { 0, fontSize }, CP_UTF8 };
+    publicTerminal->_desiredFont = { fontFamily, 0, DEFAULT_FONT_WEIGHT, static_cast<float>(fontSize), CP_UTF8 };
     publicTerminal->_UpdateFont(newDpi);
 
     // When the font changes the terminal dimensions need to be recalculated since the available row and column
@@ -833,12 +823,20 @@ void __stdcall TerminalSetFocus(void* terminal)
 {
     auto publicTerminal = static_cast<HwndTerminal*>(terminal);
     publicTerminal->_focused = true;
+    if (auto uiaEngine = publicTerminal->_uiaEngine.get())
+    {
+        LOG_IF_FAILED(uiaEngine->Enable());
+    }
 }
 
 void __stdcall TerminalKillFocus(void* terminal)
 {
     auto publicTerminal = static_cast<HwndTerminal*>(terminal);
     publicTerminal->_focused = false;
+    if (auto uiaEngine = publicTerminal->_uiaEngine.get())
+    {
+        LOG_IF_FAILED(uiaEngine->Disable());
+    }
 }
 
 // Routine Description:

src/cascadia/PublicTerminalCore/HwndTerminal.hpp

@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 
 #include "../../renderer/base/Renderer.hpp"
 #include "../../renderer/dx/DxRenderer.hpp"
+#include "../../renderer/uia/UiaRenderer.hpp"
 #include "../../cascadia/TerminalCore/Terminal.hpp"
-#include <UIAutomationCore.h>
 #include "../../types/IControlAccessibilityInfo.h"
-#include "../../types/TermControlUiaProvider.hpp"
+#include "HwndTerminalAutomationPeer.hpp"
 
 using namespace Microsoft::Console::VirtualTerminal;
 
@@ -74,15 +74,15 @@ private:
     FontInfo _actualFont;
     int _currentDpi;
     std::function<void(wchar_t*)> _pfnWriteCallback;
-    ::Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<::Microsoft::Terminal::TermControlUiaProvider> _uiaProvider;
+    ::Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<HwndTerminalAutomationPeer> _uiaProvider;
 
     std::unique_ptr<::Microsoft::Terminal::Core::Terminal> _terminal;
 
     std::unique_ptr<::Microsoft::Console::Render::Renderer> _renderer;
     std::unique_ptr<::Microsoft::Console::Render::DxEngine> _renderEngine;
+    std::unique_ptr<::Microsoft::Console::Render::UiaEngine> _uiaEngine;
 
     bool _focused{ false };
-    bool _uiaProviderInitialized{ false };
 
     std::chrono::milliseconds _multiClickTime;
     unsigned int _multiClickCounter{};

src/cascadia/PublicTerminalCore/HwndTerminalAutomationPeer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// Licensed under the MIT license.
+
+#include "pch.h"
+#include "HwndTerminalAutomationPeer.hpp"
+#include "../../types/UiaTracing.h"
+#include <UIAutomationCoreApi.h>
+
+#pragma warning(suppress : 4471) // We don't control UIAutomationClient
+#include <UIAutomationClient.h>
+
+using namespace Microsoft::Console::Types;
+
+static constexpr wchar_t UNICODE_NEWLINE{ L'\n' };
+
+// Method Description:
+// - creates a copy of the provided text with all of the control characters removed
+// Arguments:
+// - text: the string we're sanitizing
+// Return Value:
+// - a copy of "sanitized" with all of the control characters removed
+static std::wstring Sanitize(std::wstring_view text)
+{
+    std::wstring sanitized{ text };
+    sanitized.erase(std::remove_if(sanitized.begin(), sanitized.end(), [](wchar_t c) {
+                        return (c < UNICODE_SPACE && c != UNICODE_NEWLINE) || c == 0x7F /*DEL*/;
+                    }),
+                    sanitized.end());
+    return sanitized;
+}
+
+// Method Description:
+// - verifies if a given string has text that would be read by a screen reader.
+// - a string of control characters, for example, would not be read.
+// Arguments:
+// - text: the string we're validating
+// Return Value:
+// - true, if the text is readable. false, otherwise.
+static constexpr bool IsReadable(std::wstring_view text)
+{
+    for (const auto c : text)
+    {
+        if (c > UNICODE_SPACE)
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void HwndTerminalAutomationPeer::RecordKeyEvent(const WORD vkey)
+{
+    if (const auto charCode{ MapVirtualKey(vkey, MAPVK_VK_TO_CHAR) })
+    {
+        if (const auto keyEventChar{ gsl::narrow_cast<wchar_t>(charCode) }; IsReadable({ &keyEventChar, 1 }))
+        {
+            _keyEvents.emplace_back(keyEventChar);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Implementation of IRawElementProviderSimple::get_PropertyValue.
+// Gets custom properties.
+IFACEMETHODIMP HwndTerminalAutomationPeer::GetPropertyValue(_In_ PROPERTYID propertyId,
+                                                            _Out_ VARIANT* pVariant) noexcept
+{
+    pVariant->vt = VT_EMPTY;
+
+    // Returning the default will leave the property as the default
+    // so we only really need to touch it for the properties we want to implement
+    if (propertyId == UIA_ClassNamePropertyId)
+    {
+        // IMPORTANT: Do NOT change the name. Screen readers like may be dependent on this being "WpfTermControl".
+        pVariant->bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"WPFTermControl");
+        if (pVariant->bstrVal != nullptr)
+        {
+            pVariant->vt = VT_BSTR;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // fall back to shared implementation
+        return TermControlUiaProvider::GetPropertyValue(propertyId, pVariant);
+    }
+    return S_OK;
+}
+
+// Method Description:
+// - Signals the ui automation client that the terminal's selection has changed and should be updated
+// Arguments:
+// - <none>
+// Return Value:
+// - <none>
+void HwndTerminalAutomationPeer::SignalSelectionChanged()
+{
+    UiaTracing::Signal::SelectionChanged();
+    LOG_IF_FAILED(UiaRaiseAutomationEvent(this, UIA_Text_TextSelectionChangedEventId));
+}
+
+// Method Description:
+// - Signals the ui automation client that the terminal's output has changed and should be updated
+// Arguments:
+// - <none>
+// Return Value:
+// - <none>
+void HwndTerminalAutomationPeer::SignalTextChanged()
+{
+    UiaTracing::Signal::TextChanged();
+    LOG_IF_FAILED(UiaRaiseAutomationEvent(this, UIA_Text_TextChangedEventId));
+}
+
+// Method Description:
+// - Signals the ui automation client that the cursor's state has changed and should be updated
+// Arguments:
+// - <none>
+// Return Value:
+// - <none>
+void HwndTerminalAutomationPeer::SignalCursorChanged()
+{
+    UiaTracing::Signal::CursorChanged();
+    LOG_IF_FAILED(UiaRaiseAutomationEvent(this, UIA_Text_TextSelectionChangedEventId));
+}
+
+void HwndTerminalAutomationPeer::NotifyNewOutput(std::wstring_view newOutput)
+{
+    // Try to suppress any events (or event data)
+    // that is just the keypress the user made
+    auto sanitized{ Sanitize(newOutput) };
+    while (!_keyEvents.empty() && IsReadable(sanitized))
+    {
+        if (til::toupper_ascii(sanitized.front()) == _keyEvents.front())
+        {
+            // the key event's character (i.e. the "A" key) matches
+            // the output character (i.e. "a" or "A" text).
+            // We can assume that the output character resulted from
+            // the pressed key, so we can ignore it.
+            sanitized = sanitized.substr(1);
+            _keyEvents.pop_front();
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // The output doesn't match,
+            // so clear the input stack and
+            // move on to fire the event.
+            _keyEvents.clear();
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Suppress event if the remaining text is not readable
+    if (!IsReadable(sanitized))
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const auto sanitizedBstr = wil::make_bstr_nothrow(sanitized.c_str());
+    static auto activityId = wil::make_bstr_nothrow(L"TerminalTextOutput");
+    LOG_IF_FAILED(UiaRaiseNotificationEvent(this, NotificationKind_ActionCompleted, NotificationProcessing_All, sanitizedBstr.get(), activityId.get()));
+}

src/cascadia/PublicTerminalCore/HwndTerminalAutomationPeer.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*++
+Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
+Licensed under the MIT license.
+
+Module Name:
+- HwndTerminalAutomationPeer.hpp
+
+Abstract:
+- This module provides UI Automation access to the HwndTerminal
+  to support both automation tests and accessibility (screen
+  reading) applications. This mainly interacts with TermControlUiaProvider
+  to allow for shared code with Windows Terminal accessibility providers.
+
+Author(s):
+- Carlos Zamora   (CaZamor)    2022
+--*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "../types/TermControlUiaProvider.hpp"
+#include "../types/IUiaEventDispatcher.h"
+#include "../types/IControlAccessibilityInfo.h"
+
+class HwndTerminalAutomationPeer :
+    public ::Microsoft::Console::Types::IUiaEventDispatcher,
+    public ::Microsoft::Terminal::TermControlUiaProvider
+{
+public:
+    void RecordKeyEvent(const WORD vkey);
+
+    IFACEMETHODIMP GetPropertyValue(_In_ PROPERTYID idProp,
+                                    _Out_ VARIANT* pVariant) noexcept override;
+
+#pragma region IUiaEventDispatcher
+    void SignalSelectionChanged() override;
+    void SignalTextChanged() override;
+    void SignalCursorChanged() override;
+    void NotifyNewOutput(std::wstring_view newOutput) override;
+#pragma endregion
+private:
+    std::deque<wchar_t> _keyEvents;
+};

src/cascadia/PublicTerminalCore/PublicTerminalCore.vcxproj

@@ -15,9 +15,11 @@
       <PrecompiledHeader>Create</PrecompiledHeader>
     </ClCompile>
     <ClCompile Include="HwndTerminal.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="HwndTerminalAutomationPeer.cpp" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClInclude Include="HwndTerminal.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="HwndTerminalAutomationPeer.hpp" />
     <ClInclude Include="pch.h" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
@@ -39,6 +41,9 @@
     <ProjectReference Include="$(SolutionDir)src\renderer\dx\lib\dx.vcxproj">
       <Project>{48d21369-3d7b-4431-9967-24e81292cf62}</Project>
     </ProjectReference>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\..\renderer\uia\lib\uia.vcxproj">
+      <Project>{48d21369-3d7b-4431-9967-24e81292cf63}</Project>
+    </ProjectReference>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemDefinitionGroup>
     <ClCompile>
@@ -55,4 +60,4 @@
       <AdditionalDependencies>Uiautomationcore.lib;onecoreuap.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
     </Link>
   </ItemDefinitionGroup>
-</Project>
+</Project>

src/cascadia/PublicTerminalCore/PublicTerminalCore.vcxproj.filters

@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@
     <ClCompile Include="HwndTerminal.cpp">
       <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
     </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="HwndTerminalAutomationPeer.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClInclude Include="pch.h">
@@ -32,5 +35,8 @@
     <ClInclude Include="HwndTerminal.hpp">
       <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
     </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="HwndTerminalAutomationPeer.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
   </ItemGroup>
 </Project>

src/cascadia/PublicTerminalCore/pch.h

@@ -9,3 +9,4 @@
 #endif
 
 #include <LibraryIncludes.h>
+#include <UIAutomationCore.h>

src/cascadia/Remoting/Monarch.cpp

@@ -38,9 +38,7 @@ namespace winrt::Microsoft::Terminal::Remoting::implementation
     {
     }
 
-    Monarch::~Monarch()
-    {
-    }
+    Monarch::~Monarch() = default;
 
     uint64_t Monarch::GetPID()
     {