Migrate spelling-0.0.21 changes from main

See #4591

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/Bug_Report.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
-name: Bug report 🐛
+name: "Bug report 🐛"
 about: Report errors or unexpected behavior
-title: "Bug Report (IF I DO NOT CHANGE THIS THE ISSUE WILL BE AUTO-CLOSED)"
+title: ''
 labels: ''
 assignees: ''
 
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ This bug tracker is monitored by Windows Terminal development team and other tec
 **Important: When reporting BSODs or security issues, DO NOT attach memory dumps, logs, or traces to Github issues**.
 Instead, send dumps/traces to secure@microsoft.com, referencing this GitHub issue.
 
+If this is an application crash, please also provide a Feedback Hub submission link so we can find your diagnostic data on the backend. Use the category "Apps > Windows Terminal (Preview)" and choose "Share My Feedback" after submission to get the link.
+
 Please use this form and describe your issue, concisely but precisely, with as much detail as possible.
 
 -->
@@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ Please use this form and describe your issue, concisely but precisely, with as m
 # Environment
 
 ```none
-Windows build number: [run "ver" at a command prompt]
+Windows build number: [run `[Environment]::OSVersion` for powershell, or `ver` for cmd]
 Windows Terminal version (if applicable):
 
 Any other software?

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/Documentation_Issue.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
-name: Documentation Issue 📚
+name: "Documentation Issue 📚"
 about: Report issues in our documentation
-title: "Documentation Issue"
+title: ''
 labels: Issue-Docs
 assignees: ''
 

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/Feature_Request.md

@@ -1,34 +1,35 @@
----
-name: Feature Request/Idea 🚀
-about: Suggest a new feature or improvement (this does not mean you have to implement it)
-title: "Feature Request"
-labels: Issue-Feature
-assignees: ''
-
----
-
-<!-- 
-🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨
-
-I ACKNOWLEDGE THE FOLLOWING BEFORE PROCEEDING:
-1. If I delete this entire template and go my own path, the core team may close my issue without further explanation or engagement.
-2. If I list multiple bugs/concerns in this one issue, the core team may close my issue without further explanation or engagement.
-3. If I write an issue that has many duplicates, the core team may close my issue without further explanation or engagement (and without necessarily spending time to find the exact duplicate ID number).
-4. If I leave the title incomplete when filing the issue, the core team may close my issue without further explanation or engagement.
-5. If I file something completely blank in the body, the core team may close my issue without further explanation or engagement.
-
-All good? Then proceed!
--->
-
-# Summary of the new feature/enhancement
-
-<!-- 
-A clear and concise description of what the problem is that the new feature would solve.
-Describe why and how a user would use this new functionality (if applicable).
--->
-
-# Proposed technical implementation details (optional)
-
-<!-- 
-A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
--->
+---
+name: "Feature Request/Idea 🚀"
+about: Suggest a new feature or improvement (this does not mean you have to implement
+  it)
+title: ''
+labels: Issue-Feature
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+<!-- 
+🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨
+
+I ACKNOWLEDGE THE FOLLOWING BEFORE PROCEEDING:
+1. If I delete this entire template and go my own path, the core team may close my issue without further explanation or engagement.
+2. If I list multiple bugs/concerns in this one issue, the core team may close my issue without further explanation or engagement.
+3. If I write an issue that has many duplicates, the core team may close my issue without further explanation or engagement (and without necessarily spending time to find the exact duplicate ID number).
+4. If I leave the title incomplete when filing the issue, the core team may close my issue without further explanation or engagement.
+5. If I file something completely blank in the body, the core team may close my issue without further explanation or engagement.
+
+All good? Then proceed!
+-->
+
+# Description of the new feature/enhancement
+
+<!-- 
+A clear and concise description of what the problem is that the new feature would solve.
+Describe why and how a user would use this new functionality (if applicable).
+-->
+
+# Proposed technical implementation details (optional)
+
+<!-- 
+A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
+-->

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/Guidance_Issue.md

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
----
-name: Community Guidance Request ✨
-about: Suggest somewhere the Windows Terminal Team needs to provide community guidance through new documentation or process.
-title: "Guidance"
-labels: Issue-Docs
-assignees: 'bitcrazed'
-
----
-
-<!-- What needs to change? Who is responsible for it? Why is it an open question? -->

.github/actions/spelling/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# check-spelling/check-spelling configuration
+
+File | Purpose | Format | Info
+-|-|-|-
+[allow/*.txt](allow/) | Add words to the dictionary | one word per line (only letters and `'`s allowed) | [allow](https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Configuration#allow)
+[reject.txt](reject.txt) | Remove words from the dictionary (after allow) | grep pattern matching whole dictionary words | [reject](https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Configuration-Examples%3A-reject)
+[excludes.txt](excludes.txt) | Files to ignore entirely | perl regular expression | [excludes](https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Configuration-Examples%3A-excludes)
+[patterns/*.txt](patterns/) | Patterns to ignore from checked lines | perl regular expression (order matters, first match wins) | [patterns](https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Configuration-Examples%3A-patterns)
+[candidate.patterns](candidate.patterns) | Patterns that might be worth adding to [patterns.txt](patterns.txt) | perl regular expression with optional comment block introductions (all matches will be suggested) | [candidates](https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Feature:-Suggest-patterns)
+[line_forbidden.patterns](line_forbidden.patterns) | Patterns to flag in checked lines | perl regular expression (order matters, first match wins) | [patterns](https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Configuration-Examples%3A-patterns)
+[expect/*.txt](expect.txt) | Expected words that aren't in the dictionary | one word per line (sorted, alphabetically) | [expect](https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Configuration#expect)
+[advice.md](advice.md) | Supplement for GitHub comment when unrecognized words are found | GitHub Markdown | [advice](https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Configuration-Examples%3A-advice)
+
+Note: you can replace any of these files with a directory by the same name (minus the suffix)
+and then include multiple files inside that directory (with that suffix) to merge multiple files together.

.github/actions/spelling/advice.md

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<!-- See https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Configuration-Examples%3A-advice --> <!-- markdownlint-disable MD033 MD041 -->
+<details>
+<summary>
+:pencil2: Contributor please read this
+</summary>
+
+By default the command suggestion will generate a file named based on your commit. That's generally ok as long as you add the file to your commit. Someone can reorganize it later.
+
+:warning: The command is written for posix shells. If it doesn't work for you, you can manually _add_ (one word per line) / _remove_ items to `expect.txt` and the `excludes.txt` files.
+
+If the listed items are:
+
+* ... **misspelled**, then please *correct* them instead of using the command.
+* ... *names*, please add them to `.github/actions/spelling/allow/names.txt`.
+* ... APIs, you can add them to a file in `.github/actions/spelling/allow/`.
+* ... just things you're using, please add them to an appropriate file in `.github/actions/spelling/expect/`.
+* ... tokens you only need in one place and shouldn't *generally be used*, you can add an item in an appropriate file in `.github/actions/spelling/patterns/`.
+
+See the `README.md` in each directory for more information.
+
+:microscope: You can test your commits **without** *appending* to a PR by creating a new branch with that extra change and pushing it to your fork. The [check-spelling](https://github.com/marketplace/actions/check-spelling) action will run in response to your **push** -- it doesn't require an open pull request. By using such a branch, you can limit the number of typos your peers see you make. :wink:
+
+
+<details><summary>If the flagged items are :exploding_head: false positives</summary>
+
+If items relate to a ...
+* binary file (or some other file you wouldn't want to check at all).
+
+  Please add a file path to the `excludes.txt` file matching the containing file.
+
+  File paths are Perl 5 Regular Expressions - you can [test](
+https://www.regexplanet.com/advanced/perl/) yours before committing to verify it will match your files.
+
+  `^` refers to the file's path from the root of the repository, so `^README\.md$` would exclude [README.md](
+../tree/HEAD/README.md) (on whichever branch you're using).
+
+* well-formed pattern.
+
+  If you can write a [pattern](https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Configuration-Examples:-patterns) that would match it,
+  try adding it to the `patterns.txt` file.
+
+  Patterns are Perl 5 Regular Expressions - you can [test](
+https://www.regexplanet.com/advanced/perl/) yours before committing to verify it will match your lines.
+
+  Note that patterns can't match multiline strings.
+</details>
+
+</details>

.github/actions/spelling/allow/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# Allow files are lists of words to accept unconditionally
+
+While check spelling will complain about an expected word
+which is no longer present, you can include things here even if
+they are not otherwise present in the repository.
+
+E.g., you could include a list of system APIs here, or potential
+contributors (so that if a future commit includes their name,
+it'll be accepted).
+
+## Files
+
+| File | Description |
+| ---- | ----------- |
+| [Allow](allow.txt) | Supplements to the dictionary |
+| [Chinese](chinese.txt) | Chinese words |
+| [Japanese](japanese.txt) | Japanese words |
+| [Microsoft](microsoft.txt) | Microsoft brand items |
+| [Fonts](fonts.txt) | Font names |
+| [Names](names.txt) | Names of people |
+| [Colors](colors.txt) | Names of color |

.github/actions/spelling/allow/allow.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+admins
+allcolors
+Apc
+apc
+breadcrumb
+breadcrumbs
+bsd
+calt
+ccmp
+changelog
+clickable
+clig
+CMMI
+copyable
+cybersecurity
+dalet
+Dcs
+dcs
+dialytika
+dje
+downside
+downsides
+dze
+dzhe
+EDDB
+EDDC
+Enum'd
+Fitt
+formattings
+FTCS
+ftp
+fvar
+gantt
+gcc
+geeksforgeeks
+ghe
+github
+gje
+godbolt
+hostname
+hostnames
+https
+hyperlink
+hyperlinking
+hyperlinks
+iconify
+img
+inlined
+It'd
+kje
+libfuzzer
+libuv
+liga
+lje
+Llast
+llvm
+Lmid
+locl
+lol
+lorem
+Lorigin
+maxed
+minimalistic
+mkmk
+mnt
+mru
+nje
+noreply
+ogonek
+ok'd
+overlined
+pipeline
+postmodern
+ptys
+qof
+qps
+rclt
+reimplementation
+reserialization
+reserialize
+reserializes
+rlig
+runtimes
+shcha
+slnt
+Sos
+ssh
+timeline
+timelines
+timestamped
+TLDR
+tokenizes
+tonos
+toolset
+tshe
+ubuntu
+uiatextrange
+UIs
+und
+unregister
+versioned
+vsdevcmd
+We'd
+wildcards
+XBox
+YBox
+yeru
+zhe

.github/actions/spelling/allow/apis.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+ACCEPTFILES
+ACCESSDENIED
+acl
+aclapi
+alignas
+alignof
+APPLYTOSUBMENUS
+appxrecipe
+bitfield
+bitfields
+BUILDBRANCH
+BUILDMSG
+BUILDNUMBER
+BYCOMMAND
+BYPOSITION
+charconv
+CLASSNOTAVAILABLE
+CLOSEAPP
+cmdletbinding
+COLORPROPERTY
+colspan
+COMDLG
+commandlinetoargv
+comparand
+cstdint
+CXICON
+CYICON
+Dacl
+dataobject
+dcomp
+DERR
+dlldata
+DNE
+DONTADDTORECENT
+DWMSBT
+DWMWA
+DWMWA
+DWORDLONG
+endfor
+ENDSESSION
+enumset
+environstrings
+EXPCMDFLAGS
+EXPCMDSTATE
+filetime
+FILTERSPEC
+FORCEFILESYSTEM
+FORCEMINIMIZE
+frac
+fullkbd
+futex
+GETDESKWALLPAPER
+GETHIGHCONTRAST
+GETMOUSEHOVERTIME
+Hashtable
+HIGHCONTRASTON
+HIGHCONTRASTW
+hotkeys
+href
+hrgn
+HTCLOSE
+hwinsta
+HWINSTA
+IActivation
+IApp
+IAppearance
+IAsync
+IBind
+IBox
+IClass
+IComparable
+IComparer
+IConnection
+ICustom
+IDialog
+IDirect
+IExplorer
+IFACEMETHOD
+IFile
+IGraphics
+IInheritable
+IMap
+IMonarch
+IObject
+iosfwd
+IPackage
+IPeasant
+ISetup
+isspace
+IStorage
+istream
+IStringable
+ITab
+ITaskbar
+itow
+IUri
+IVirtual
+KEYSELECT
+LCID
+llabs
+llu
+localtime
+lround
+Lsa
+lsass
+LSHIFT
+LTGRAY
+MAINWINDOW
+memchr
+memicmp
+MENUCOMMAND
+MENUDATA
+MENUINFO
+MENUITEMINFOW
+mmeapi
+MOUSELEAVE
+mov
+mptt
+msappx
+MULTIPLEUSE
+NCHITTEST
+NCLBUTTONDBLCLK
+NCMOUSELEAVE
+NCMOUSEMOVE
+NCRBUTTONDBLCLK
+NIF
+NIN
+NOAGGREGATION
+NOASYNC
+NOCHANGEDIR
+NOPROGRESS
+NOREDIRECTIONBITMAP
+NOREPEAT
+NOTIFYBYPOS
+NOTIFYICON
+NOTIFYICONDATA
+ntprivapi
+oaidl
+ocidl
+ODR
+offsetof
+ofstream
+onefuzz
+osver
+OSVERSIONINFOEXW
+otms
+OUTLINETEXTMETRICW
+overridable
+PACL
+PAGESCROLL
+PATINVERT
+PEXPLICIT
+PICKFOLDERS
+pmr
+ptstr
+QUERYENDSESSION
+rcx
+REGCLS
+RETURNCMD
+rfind
+ROOTOWNER
+roundf
+RSHIFT
+SACL
+schandle
+semver
+serializer
+SETVERSION
+SHELLEXECUTEINFOW
+shobjidl
+SHOWHIDE
+SHOWMINIMIZED
+SHOWTIP
+SINGLEUSE
+SIZENS
+smoothstep
+snprintf
+spsc
+sregex
+SRWLOC
+SRWLOCK
+STDCPP
+STDMETHOD
+strchr
+strcpy
+streambuf
+strtoul
+Stubless
+Subheader
+Subpage
+syscall
+SYSTEMBACKDROP
+TABROW
+TASKBARCREATED
+TBPF
+THEMECHANGED
+tlg
+TME
+tmp
+tmpdir
+tolower
+toupper
+TRACKMOUSEEVENT
+TTask
+TVal
+UChar
+UFIELD
+ULARGE
+UOI
+UPDATEINIFILE
+userenv
+USEROBJECTFLAGS
+Viewbox
+virtualalloc
+wcsstr
+wcstoui
+winmain
+winsta
+winstamin
+wmemcmp
+wpc
+WSF
+wsregex
+wwinmain
+xchg
+XDocument
+XElement
+xfacet
+xhash
+XIcon
+xiosbase
+xlocale
+xlocbuf
+xlocinfo
+xlocmes
+xlocmon
+xlocnum
+xloctime
+XMax
+xmemory
+XParse
+xpath
+xstddef
+xstring
+xtree
+xutility
+YIcon
+YMax

.github/actions/spelling/allow/chinese.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+CHINESEBIG
+choseong
+Jongseong
+Jungseong
+ssangtikeut

.github/actions/spelling/allow/colors.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+alice
+aliceblue
+antiquewhite
+blanchedalmond
+blueviolet
+burlywood
+cadetblue
+cornflowerblue
+cornsilk
+cyan
+darkblue
+darkcyan
+darkgoldenrod
+darkgray
+darkgreen
+darkgrey
+darkkhaki
+darkmagenta
+darkolivegreen
+darkorange
+darkorchid
+darkred
+darksalmon
+darkseagreen
+darkslateblue
+darkslategray
+darkslategrey
+darkturquoise
+darkviolet
+deeppink
+deepskyblue
+dimgray
+dimgrey
+dodgerblue
+firebrick
+floralwhite
+forestgreen
+gainsboro
+ghostwhite
+greenyellow
+hotpink
+indian
+indianred
+lavenderblush
+lawngreen
+lemonchiffon
+lightblue
+lightcoral
+lightcyan
+lightgoldenrod
+lightgoldenrodyellow
+lightgray
+lightgreen
+lightgrey
+lightpink
+lightsalmon
+lightseagreen
+lightskyblue
+lightslateblue
+lightslategray
+lightslategrey
+lightsteelblue
+lightyellow
+limegreen
+mediumaquamarine
+mediumblue
+mediumorchid
+mediumpurple
+mediumseagreen
+mediumslateblue
+mediumspringgreen
+mediumturquoise
+mediumvioletred
+midnightblue
+mintcream
+mistyrose
+navajo
+navajowhite
+navyblue
+oldlace
+olivedrab
+orangered
+palegoldenrod
+palegreen
+paleturquoise
+palevioletred
+papayawhip
+peachpuff
+peru
+powderblue
+rebecca
+rebeccapurple
+rosybrown
+royalblue
+saddlebrown
+sandybrown
+seagreen
+sienna
+skyblue
+slateblue
+slategray
+slategrey
+springgreen
+steelblue
+violetred
+webgray
+webgreen
+webgrey
+webmaroon
+webpurple
+whitesmoke
+xaroon
+xray
+xreen
+xrey
+xurple
+yellowgreen

.github/actions/spelling/allow/fonts.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Consolas
+emoji
+emojis
+Extralight
+Gabriola
+Iosevka
+MDL
+Monofur
+Segoe
+wght

.github/actions/spelling/allow/japanese.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+arigatoo
+doomo
+Kaomojis
+TATEGAKI

.github/actions/spelling/allow/math.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+atan
+CPrime
+HBar
+HPrime
+isnan
+LPrime
+LStep
+powf
+RSub
+sqrtf
+ULP

.github/actions/spelling/allow/microsoft.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+ACLs
+ADMINS
+advapi
+altform
+altforms
+appendwttlogging
+appx
+appxbundle
+appxerror
+appxmanifest
+ATL
+backplating
+bitmaps
+BOMs
+CPLs
+cpptools
+cppvsdbg
+CPRs
+cryptbase
+DACL
+DACLs
+defaultlib
+diffs
+disposables
+dotnetfeed
+DTDs
+DWINRT
+enablewttlogging
+Intelli
+IVisual
+libucrt
+libucrtd
+LKG
+LOCKFILE
+Lxss
+mfcribbon
+microsoft
+microsoftonline
+MSAA
+msixbundle
+MSVC
+MSVCP
+muxc
+netcore
+Onefuzz
+osgvsowi
+PFILETIME
+pgc
+pgo
+pgosweep
+powerrename
+powershell
+propkey
+pscustomobject
+QWORD
+regedit
+robocopy
+SACLs
+sdkddkver
+Shobjidl
+Skype
+SRW
+sxs
+Sysinternals
+sysnative
+systemroot
+taskkill
+tasklist
+tdbuildteamid
+ucrt
+ucrtd
+unvirtualized
+VCRT
+vcruntime
+Virtualization
+visualstudio
+vscode
+VSTHRD
+winsdkver
+wlk
+wslpath
+wtl
+wtt
+wttlog
+Xamarin

.github/actions/spelling/allow/names.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+Anup
+austdi
+arkthur
+Ballmer
+bhoj
+Bhojwani
+Bluloco
+carlos
+dhowett
+Diviness
+dsafa
+duhowett
+DXP
+ekg
+eryksun
+ethanschoonover
+Firefox
+Gatta
+glsl
+Gravell
+Grie
+Griese
+Hernan
+Howett
+Illhardt
+iquilezles
+italo
+jantari
+jerrysh
+Kaiyu
+kimwalisch
+KMehrain
+KODELIFE
+Kodelife
+Kourosh
+kowalczyk
+leonmsft
+Lepilleur
+lhecker
+lukesampson
+Macbook
+Manandhar
+masserano
+mbadolato
+Mehrain
+menger
+mgravell
+michaelniksa
+michkap
+migrie
+mikegr
+mikemaccana
+miloush
+miniksa
+niksa
+nvaccess
+nvda
+oising
+oldnewthing
+opengl
+osgwiki
+pabhojwa
+panos
+paulcam
+pauldotknopf
+PGP
+Pham
+Rincewind
+rprichard
+Schoonover
+shadertoy
+Shomnipotence
+simioni
+Somuah
+sonph
+sonpham
+stakx
+talo
+thereses
+Walisch
+WDX
+Wellons
+Wirt
+Wojciech
+zadjii
+Zamor
+Zamora
+zamora
+Zoey
+zorio
+Zverovich

.github/actions/spelling/candidate.patterns

@@ -0,0 +1,523 @@
+# marker to ignore all code on line
+^.*/\* #no-spell-check-line \*/.*$
+# marker for ignoring a comment to the end of the line
+// #no-spell-check.*$
+
+# patch hunk comments
+^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+|) \+\d+(?:,\d+|) \@\@ .*
+# git index header
+index [0-9a-z]{7,40}\.\.[0-9a-z]{7,40}
+
+# cid urls
+(['"])cid:.*?\g{-1}
+
+# data url in parens
+\(data:[^)]*?(?:[A-Z]{3,}|[A-Z][a-z]{2,}|[a-z]{3,})[^)]*\)
+# data url in quotes
+([`'"])data:.*?(?:[A-Z]{3,}|[A-Z][a-z]{2,}|[a-z]{3,}).*\g{-1}
+# data url
+data:[-a-zA-Z=;:/0-9+]*,\S*
+
+# mailto urls
+mailto:[-a-zA-Z=;:/?%&0-9+@.]{3,}
+
+# magnet urls
+magnet:[?=:\w]+
+
+# magnet urls
+"magnet:[^"]+"
+
+# obs:
+"obs:[^"]*"
+
+# The `\b` here means a break, it's the fancy way to handle urls, but it makes things harder to read
+# In this examples content, I'm using a number of different ways to match things to show various approaches
+# asciinema
+\basciinema\.org/a/[0-9a-zA-Z]+
+
+# apple
+\bdeveloper\.apple\.com/[-\w?=/]+
+# Apple music
+\bembed\.music\.apple\.com/fr/playlist/usr-share/[-\w.]+
+
+# appveyor api
+\bci\.appveyor\.com/api/projects/status/[0-9a-z]+
+# appveyor project
+\bci\.appveyor\.com/project/(?:[^/\s"]*/){2}builds?/\d+/job/[0-9a-z]+
+
+# Amazon
+
+# Amazon
+\bamazon\.com/[-\w]+/(?:dp/[0-9A-Z]+|)
+# AWS S3
+\b\w*\.s3[^.]*\.amazonaws\.com/[-\w/&#%_?:=]*
+# AWS execute-api
+\b[0-9a-z]{10}\.execute-api\.[-0-9a-z]+\.amazonaws\.com\b
+# AWS ELB
+\b\w+\.[-0-9a-z]+\.elb\.amazonaws\.com\b
+# AWS SNS
+\bsns\.[-0-9a-z]+.amazonaws\.com/[-\w/&#%_?:=]*
+# AWS VPC
+vpc-\w+
+
+# While you could try to match `http://` and `https://` by using `s?` in `https?://`, sometimes there
+# YouTube url
+\b(?:(?:www\.|)youtube\.com|youtu.be)/(?:channel/|embed/|user/|playlist\?list=|watch\?v=|v/|)[-a-zA-Z0-9?&=_%]*
+# YouTube music
+\bmusic\.youtube\.com/youtubei/v1/browse(?:[?&]\w+=[-a-zA-Z0-9?&=_]*)
+# YouTube tag
+<\s*youtube\s+id=['"][-a-zA-Z0-9?_]*['"]
+# YouTube image
+\bimg\.youtube\.com/vi/[-a-zA-Z0-9?&=_]*
+# Google Accounts
+\baccounts.google.com/[-_/?=.:;+%&0-9a-zA-Z]*
+# Google Analytics
+\bgoogle-analytics\.com/collect.[-0-9a-zA-Z?%=&_.~]*
+# Google APIs
+\bgoogleapis\.(?:com|dev)/[a-z]+/(?:v\d+/|)[a-z]+/[-@:./?=\w+|&]+
+# Google Storage
+\b[-a-zA-Z0-9.]*\bstorage\d*\.googleapis\.com(?:/\S*|)
+# Google Calendar
+\bcalendar\.google\.com/calendar(?:/u/\d+|)/embed\?src=[@./?=\w&%]+
+\w+\@group\.calendar\.google\.com\b
+# Google DataStudio
+\bdatastudio\.google\.com/(?:(?:c/|)u/\d+/|)(?:embed/|)(?:open|reporting|datasources|s)/[-0-9a-zA-Z]+(?:/page/[-0-9a-zA-Z]+|)
+# The leading `/` here is as opposed to the `\b` above
+# ... a short way to match `https://` or `http://` since most urls have one of those prefixes
+# Google Docs
+/docs\.google\.com/[a-z]+/(?:ccc\?key=\w+|(?:u/\d+|d/(?:e/|)[0-9a-zA-Z_-]+/)?(?:edit\?[-\w=#.]*|/\?[\w=&]*|))
+# Google Drive
+\bdrive\.google\.com/(?:file/d/|open)[-0-9a-zA-Z_?=]*
+# Google Groups
+\bgroups\.google\.com/(?:(?:forum/#!|d/)(?:msg|topics?|searchin)|a)/[^/\s"]+/[-a-zA-Z0-9$]+(?:/[-a-zA-Z0-9]+)*
+# Google Maps
+\bmaps\.google\.com/maps\?[\w&;=]*
+# Google themes
+themes\.googleusercontent\.com/static/fonts/[^/\s"]+/v\d+/[^.]+.
+# Google CDN
+\bclients2\.google(?:usercontent|)\.com[-0-9a-zA-Z/.]*
+# Goo.gl
+/goo\.gl/[a-zA-Z0-9]+
+# Google Chrome Store
+\bchrome\.google\.com/webstore/detail/[-\w]*(?:/\w*|)
+# Google Books
+\bgoogle\.(?:\w{2,4})/books(?:/\w+)*\?[-\w\d=&#.]*
+# Google Fonts
+\bfonts\.(?:googleapis|gstatic)\.com/[-/?=:;+&0-9a-zA-Z]*
+# Google Forms
+\bforms\.gle/\w+
+# Google Scholar
+\bscholar\.google\.com/citations\?user=[A-Za-z0-9_]+
+# Google Colab Research Drive
+\bcolab\.research\.google\.com/drive/[-0-9a-zA-Z_?=]*
+
+# GitHub SHAs (api)
+\bapi.github\.com/repos(?:/[^/\s"]+){3}/[0-9a-f]+\b
+# GitHub SHAs (markdown)
+(?:\[`?[0-9a-f]+`?\]\(https:/|)/(?:www\.|)github\.com(?:/[^/\s"]+){2,}(?:/[^/\s")]+)(?:[0-9a-f]+(?:[-0-9a-zA-Z/#.]*|)\b|)
+# GitHub SHAs
+\bgithub\.com(?:/[^/\s"]+){2}[@#][0-9a-f]+\b
+# GitHub wiki
+\bgithub\.com/(?:[^/]+/){2}wiki/(?:(?:[^/]+/|)_history|[^/]+(?:/_compare|)/[0-9a-f.]{40,})\b
+# githubusercontent
+/[-a-z0-9]+\.githubusercontent\.com/[-a-zA-Z0-9?&=_\/.]*
+# githubassets
+\bgithubassets.com/[0-9a-f]+(?:[-/\w.]+)
+# gist github
+\bgist\.github\.com/[^/\s"]+/[0-9a-f]+
+# git.io
+\bgit\.io/[0-9a-zA-Z]+
+# GitHub JSON
+"node_id": "[-a-zA-Z=;:/0-9+]*"
+# Contributor
+\[[^\]]+\]\(https://github\.com/[^/\s"]+\)
+# GHSA
+GHSA(?:-[0-9a-z]{4}){3}
+
+# GitLab commit
+\bgitlab\.[^/\s"]*/\S+/\S+/commit/[0-9a-f]{7,16}#[0-9a-f]{40}\b
+# GitLab merge requests
+\bgitlab\.[^/\s"]*/\S+/\S+/-/merge_requests/\d+/diffs#[0-9a-f]{40}\b
+# GitLab uploads
+\bgitlab\.[^/\s"]*/uploads/[-a-zA-Z=;:/0-9+]*
+# GitLab commits
+\bgitlab\.[^/\s"]*/(?:[^/\s"]+/){2}commits?/[0-9a-f]+\b
+
+# binanace
+accounts.binance.com/[a-z/]*oauth/authorize\?[-0-9a-zA-Z&%]*
+
+# bitbucket diff
+\bapi\.bitbucket\.org/\d+\.\d+/repositories/(?:[^/\s"]+/){2}diff(?:stat|)(?:/[^/\s"]+){2}:[0-9a-f]+
+# bitbucket repositories commits
+\bapi\.bitbucket\.org/\d+\.\d+/repositories/(?:[^/\s"]+/){2}commits?/[0-9a-f]+
+# bitbucket commits
+\bbitbucket\.org/(?:[^/\s"]+/){2}commits?/[0-9a-f]+
+
+# bit.ly
+\bbit\.ly/\w+
+
+# bitrise
+\bapp\.bitrise\.io/app/[0-9a-f]*/[\w.?=&]*
+
+# bootstrapcdn.com
+\bbootstrapcdn\.com/[-./\w]+
+
+# cdn.cloudflare.com
+\bcdnjs\.cloudflare\.com/[./\w]+
+
+# circleci
+\bcircleci\.com/gh(?:/[^/\s"]+){1,5}.[a-z]+\?[-0-9a-zA-Z=&]+
+
+# gitter
+\bgitter\.im(?:/[^/\s"]+){2}\?at=[0-9a-f]+
+
+# gravatar
+\bgravatar\.com/avatar/[0-9a-f]+
+
+# ibm
+[a-z.]*ibm\.com/[-_#=:%!?~.\\/\d\w]*
+
+# imgur
+\bimgur\.com/[^.]+
+
+# Internet Archive
+\barchive\.org/web/\d+/(?:[-\w.?,'/\\+&%$#_:]*)
+
+# discord
+/discord(?:app\.com|\.gg)/(?:invite/)?[a-zA-Z0-9]{7,}
+
+# Disqus
+\bdisqus\.com/[-\w/%.()!?&=_]*
+
+# medium link
+\blink\.medium\.com/[a-zA-Z0-9]+
+# medium
+\bmedium\.com/\@?[^/\s"]+/[-\w]+
+
+# microsoft
+\b(?:https?://|)(?:(?:download\.visualstudio|docs|msdn2?|research)\.microsoft|blogs\.msdn)\.com/[-_a-zA-Z0-9()=./%]*
+# powerbi
+\bapp\.powerbi\.com/reportEmbed/[^"' ]*
+# vs devops
+\bvisualstudio.com(?::443|)/[-\w/?=%&.]*
+# microsoft store
+\bmicrosoft\.com/store/apps/\w+
+
+# mvnrepository.com
+\bmvnrepository\.com/[-0-9a-z./]+
+
+# now.sh
+/[0-9a-z-.]+\.now\.sh\b
+
+# oracle
+\bdocs\.oracle\.com/[-0-9a-zA-Z./_?#&=]*
+
+# chromatic.com
+/\S+.chromatic.com\S*[")]
+
+# codacy
+\bapi\.codacy\.com/project/badge/Grade/[0-9a-f]+
+
+# compai
+\bcompai\.pub/v1/png/[0-9a-f]+
+
+# mailgun api
+\.api\.mailgun\.net/v3/domains/[0-9a-z]+\.mailgun.org/messages/[0-9a-zA-Z=@]*
+# mailgun
+\b[0-9a-z]+.mailgun.org
+
+# /message-id/
+/message-id/[-\w@./%]+
+
+# Reddit
+\breddit\.com/r/[/\w_]*
+
+# requestb.in
+\brequestb\.in/[0-9a-z]+
+
+# sched
+\b[a-z0-9]+\.sched\.com\b
+
+# Slack url
+slack://[a-zA-Z0-9?&=]+
+# Slack
+\bslack\.com/[-0-9a-zA-Z/_~?&=.]*
+# Slack edge
+\bslack-edge\.com/[-a-zA-Z0-9?&=%./]+
+# Slack images
+\bslack-imgs\.com/[-a-zA-Z0-9?&=%.]+
+
+# shields.io
+\bshields\.io/[-\w/%?=&.:+;,]*
+
+# stackexchange -- https://stackexchange.com/feeds/sites
+\b(?:askubuntu|serverfault|stack(?:exchange|overflow)|superuser).com/(?:questions/\w+/[-\w]+|a/)
+
+# Sentry
+[0-9a-f]{32}\@o\d+\.ingest\.sentry\.io\b
+
+# Twitter markdown
+\[\@[^[/\]:]*?\]\(https://twitter.com/[^/\s"')]*(?:/status/\d+(?:\?[-_0-9a-zA-Z&=]*|)|)\)
+# Twitter hashtag
+\btwitter\.com/hashtag/[\w?_=&]*
+# Twitter status
+\btwitter\.com/[^/\s"')]*(?:/status/\d+(?:\?[-_0-9a-zA-Z&=]*|)|)
+# Twitter profile images
+\btwimg\.com/profile_images/[_\w./]*
+# Twitter media
+\btwimg\.com/media/[-_\w./?=]*
+# Twitter link shortened
+\bt\.co/\w+
+
+# facebook
+\bfburl\.com/[0-9a-z_]+
+# facebook CDN
+\bfbcdn\.net/[\w/.,]*
+# facebook watch
+\bfb\.watch/[0-9A-Za-z]+
+
+# dropbox
+\bdropbox\.com/sh?/[^/\s"]+/[-0-9A-Za-z_.%?=&;]+
+
+# ipfs protocol
+ipfs://[0-9a-z]*
+# ipfs url
+/ipfs/[0-9a-z]*
+
+# w3
+\bw3\.org/[-0-9a-zA-Z/#.]+
+
+# loom
+\bloom\.com/embed/[0-9a-f]+
+
+# regex101
+\bregex101\.com/r/[^/\s"]+/\d+
+
+# figma
+\bfigma\.com/file(?:/[0-9a-zA-Z]+/)+
+
+# freecodecamp.org
+\bfreecodecamp\.org/[-\w/.]+
+
+# image.tmdb.org
+\bimage\.tmdb\.org/[/\w.]+
+
+# mermaid
+\bmermaid\.ink/img/[-\w]+|\bmermaid-js\.github\.io/mermaid-live-editor/#/edit/[-\w]+
+
+# Wikipedia
+\ben\.wikipedia\.org/wiki/[-\w%.#]+
+
+# gitweb
+[^"\s]+/gitweb/\S+;h=[0-9a-f]+
+
+# HyperKitty lists
+/archives/list/[^@/]+\@[^/\s"]*/message/[^/\s"]*/
+
+# lists
+/thread\.html/[^"\s]+
+
+# list-management
+\blist-manage\.com/subscribe(?:[?&](?:u|id)=[0-9a-f]+)+
+
+# kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration
+"kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration": ".*"
+
+# pgp
+\bgnupg\.net/pks/lookup[?&=0-9a-zA-Z]*
+
+# Spotify
+\bopen\.spotify\.com/embed/playlist/\w+
+
+# Mastodon
+\bmastodon\.[-a-z.]*/(?:media/|\@)[?&=0-9a-zA-Z_]*
+
+# scastie
+\bscastie\.scala-lang\.org/[^/]+/\w+
+
+# images.unsplash.com
+\bimages\.unsplash\.com/(?:(?:flagged|reserve)/|)[-\w./%?=%&.;]+
+
+# pastebin
+\bpastebin\.com/[\w/]+
+
+# heroku
+\b\w+\.heroku\.com/source/archive/\w+
+
+# quip
+\b\w+\.quip\.com/\w+(?:(?:#|/issues/)\w+)?
+
+# badgen.net
+\bbadgen\.net/badge/[^")\]'\s]+
+
+# statuspage.io
+\w+\.statuspage\.io\b
+
+# media.giphy.com
+\bmedia\.giphy\.com/media/[^/]+/[\w.?&=]+
+
+# tinyurl
+\btinyurl\.com/\w+
+
+# getopts
+\bgetopts\s+(?:"[^"]+"|'[^']+')
+
+# ANSI color codes
+(?:\\(?:u00|x)1b|\x1b)\[\d+(?:;\d+|)m
+
+# URL escaped characters
+\%[0-9A-F][A-F]
+# IPv6
+\b(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}:){3,7}[0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}\b
+# c99 hex digits (not the full format, just one I've seen)
+0x[0-9a-fA-F](?:\.[0-9a-fA-F]*|)[pP]
+# Punycode
+\bxn--[-0-9a-z]+
+# sha
+sha\d+:[0-9]*[a-f]{3,}[0-9a-f]*
+# sha-... -- uses a fancy capture
+(['"]|&quot;)[0-9a-f]{40,}\g{-1}
+# hex runs
+\b[0-9a-fA-F]{16,}\b
+# hex in url queries
+=[0-9a-fA-F]*?(?:[A-F]{3,}|[a-f]{3,})[0-9a-fA-F]*?&
+# ssh
+(?:ssh-\S+|-nistp256) [-a-zA-Z=;:/0-9+]{12,}
+
+# PGP
+\b(?:[0-9A-F]{4} ){9}[0-9A-F]{4}\b
+# GPG keys
+\b(?:[0-9A-F]{4} ){5}(?: [0-9A-F]{4}){5}\b
+# Well known gpg keys
+.well-known/openpgpkey/[\w./]+
+
+# uuid:
+\b[0-9a-fA-F]{8}-(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-){3}[0-9a-fA-F]{12}\b
+# hex digits including css/html color classes:
+(?:[\\0][xX]|\\u|[uU]\+|#x?|\%23)[0-9_a-fA-FgGrR]*?[a-fA-FgGrR]{2,}[0-9_a-fA-FgGrR]*(?:[uUlL]{0,3}|u\d+)\b
+# integrity
+integrity="sha\d+-[-a-zA-Z=;:/0-9+]{40,}"
+
+# https://www.gnu.org/software/groff/manual/groff.html
+# man troff content
+\\f[BCIPR]
+# '
+\\\(aq
+
+# .desktop mime types
+^MimeTypes?=.*$
+# .desktop localized entries
+^[A-Z][a-z]+\[[a-z]+\]=.*$
+# Localized .desktop content
+Name\[[^\]]+\]=.*
+
+# IServiceProvider
+\bI(?=(?:[A-Z][a-z]{2,})+\b)
+
+# crypt
+"\$2[ayb]\$.{56}"
+
+# scrypt / argon
+\$(?:scrypt|argon\d+[di]*)\$\S+
+
+# Input to GitHub JSON
+content: "[-a-zA-Z=;:/0-9+]*="
+
+# Python stringprefix / binaryprefix
+# Note that there's a high false positive rate, remove the `?=` and search for the regex to see if the matches seem like reasonable strings
+(?<!')\b(?:B|BR|Br|F|FR|Fr|R|RB|RF|Rb|Rf|U|UR|Ur|b|bR|br|f|fR|fr|r|rB|rF|rb|rf|u|uR|ur)'(?:[A-Z]{3,}|[A-Z][a-z]{2,}|[a-z]{3,})
+
+# Regular expressions for (P|p)assword
+\([A-Z]\|[a-z]\)[a-z]+
+
+# JavaScript regular expressions
+# javascript test regex
+/.*/[gim]*\.test\(
+# javascript match regex
+\.match\(/[^/\s"]*/[gim]*\s*
+# javascript match regex
+\.match\(/\\[b].*?/[gim]*\s*\)(?:;|$)
+# javascript regex
+^\s*/\\[b].*/[gim]*\s*(?:\)(?:;|$)|,$)
+# javascript replace regex
+\.replace\(/[^/\s"]*/[gim]*\s*,
+
+# Go regular expressions
+regexp?\.MustCompile\(`[^`]*`\)
+
+# sed regular expressions
+sed 's/(?:[^/]*?[a-zA-Z]{3,}[^/]*?/){2}
+
+# go install
+go install(?:\s+[a-z]+\.[-@\w/.]+)+
+
+# kubernetes pod status lists
+# https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/#pod-phase
+\w+(?:-\w+)+\s+\d+/\d+\s+(?:Running|Pending|Succeeded|Failed|Unknown)\s+
+
+# kubectl - pods in CrashLoopBackOff
+\w+-[0-9a-f]+-\w+\s+\d+/\d+\s+CrashLoopBackOff\s+
+
+# kubernetes object suffix
+-[0-9a-f]{10}-\w{5}\s
+
+# posthog secrets
+posthog\.init\((['"])phc_[^"',]+\g{-1},
+
+# xcode
+
+# xcodeproject scenes
+(?:Controller|ID|id)="\w{3}-\w{2}-\w{3}"
+
+# xcode api botches
+customObjectInstantitationMethod
+
+# font awesome classes
+\.fa-[-a-z0-9]+
+
+# Update Lorem based on your content (requires `ge` and `w` from https://github.com/jsoref/spelling; and `review` from https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Looking-for-items-locally )
+# grep '^[^#].*lorem' .github/actions/spelling/patterns.txt|perl -pne 's/.*i..\?://;s/\).*//' |tr '|' "\n"|sort -f |xargs -n1 ge|perl -pne 's/^[^:]*://'|sort -u|w|sed -e 's/ .*//'|w|review -
+# Warning, while `(?i)` is very neat and fancy, if you have some binary files that aren't proper unicode, you might run into:
+## Operation "substitution (s///)" returns its argument for non-Unicode code point 0x1C19AE (the code point will vary).
+## You could manually change `(?i)X...` to use `[Xx]...`
+## or you could add the files to your `excludes` file (a version after 0.0.19 should identify the file path)
+# Lorem
+(?:\w|\s|[,.])*\b(?i)(?:amet|consectetur|cursus|dolor|eros|ipsum|lacus|libero|ligula|lorem|magna|neque|nulla|suscipit|tempus)\b(?:\w|\s|[,.])*
+
+# Non-English
+[a-zA-Z]*[ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõöøùúûüýÿĀāŁłŃńŅņŒœŚśŠšŜŝŸŽžź][a-zA-Z]{3}[a-zA-ZÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõöøùúûüýÿĀāŁłŃńŅņŒœŚśŠšŜŝŸŽžź]*
+
+# French
+# This corpus only had capital letters, but you probably want lowercase ones as well.
+\b[LN]'+[a-z]{2,}\b
+
+# latex
+\\(?:n(?:ew|ormal|osub)|r(?:enew)|t(?:able(?:of|)|he|itle))(?=[a-z]+)
+
+# the negative lookahead here is to allow catching 'templatesz' as a misspelling
+# but to otherwise recognize a Windows path with \templates\foo.template or similar:
+\\(?:necessary|r(?:eport|esolve[dr]?|esult)|t(?:arget|emplates?))(?![a-z])
+# ignore long runs of a single character:
+\b([A-Za-z])\g{-1}{3,}\b
+# Note that the next example is no longer necessary if you are using
+# to match a string starting with a `#`, use a character-class:
+[#]backwards
+# version suffix <word>v#
+(?:(?<=[A-Z]{2})V|(?<=[a-z]{2}|[A-Z]{2})v)\d+(?:\b|(?=[a-zA-Z_]))
+# Compiler flags (Scala)
+(?:^|[\t ,>"'`=(])-J-[DPWXY](?=[A-Z]{2,}|[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z]{2,})
+# Compiler flags
+#(?:^|[\t ,"'`=(])-[DPWXYLlf](?=[A-Z]{2,}|[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z]{2,})
+
+# Compiler flags (linker)
+,-B
+# curl arguments
+\b(?:\\n|)curl(?:\s+-[a-zA-Z]{1,2}\b)*(?:\s+-[a-zA-Z]{3,})(?:\s+-[a-zA-Z]+)*
+# set arguments
+\bset(?:\s+-[abefimouxE]{1,2})*\s+-[abefimouxE]{3,}(?:\s+-[abefimouxE]+)*
+# tar arguments
+\b(?:\\n|)g?tar(?:\.exe|)(?:(?:\s+--[-a-zA-Z]+|\s+-[a-zA-Z]+|\s[ABGJMOPRSUWZacdfh-pr-xz]+\b)(?:=[^ ]*|))+
+# tput arguments -- https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man5/terminfo.5.html -- technically they can be more than 5 chars long...
+\btput\s+(?:(?:-[SV]|-T\s*\w+)\s+)*\w{3,5}\b
+# macOS temp folders
+/var/folders/\w\w/[+\w]+/(?:T|-Caches-)/

.github/actions/spelling/excludes.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+# See https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Configuration-Examples:-excludes
+(?:(?i)\.png$)
+(?:^|/)(?i)COPYRIGHT
+(?:^|/)(?i)LICEN[CS]E
+(?:^|/)3rdparty/
+(?:^|/)dirs$
+(?:^|/)go\.mod$
+(?:^|/)go\.sum$
+(?:^|/)package(?:-lock|)\.json$
+(?:^|/)sources(?:|\.dep)$
+(?:^|/)vendor/
+\.a$
+\.ai$
+\.avi$
+\.bmp$
+\.bz2$
+\.cer$
+\.class$
+\.crl$
+\.crt$
+\.csr$
+\.dll$
+\.docx?$
+\.drawio$
+\.DS_Store$
+\.eot$
+\.eps$
+\.exe$
+\.gif$
+\.gitattributes$
+\.graffle$
+\.gz$
+\.icns$
+\.ico$
+\.jar$
+\.jks$
+\.jpeg$
+\.jpg$
+\.key$
+\.lib$
+\.lock$
+\.map$
+\.min\..
+\.mod$
+\.mp3$
+\.mp4$
+\.o$
+\.ocf$
+\.otf$
+\.pbxproj$
+\.pdf$
+\.pem$
+\.png$
+\.psd$
+\.pyc$
+\.runsettings$
+\.s$
+\.sig$
+\.so$
+\.svg$
+\.svgz$
+\.svgz?$
+\.tar$
+\.tgz$
+\.tiff?$
+\.ttf$
+\.vsdx$
+\.wav$
+\.webm$
+\.webp$
+\.woff
+\.woff2?$
+\.xcf$
+\.xls
+\.xlsx?$
+\.xpm$
+\.yml$
+\.zip$
+^\.github/actions/spelling/
+^\.github/fabricbot.json$
+^\.gitignore$
+^\Q.git-blame-ignore-revs\E$
+^\Q.github/workflows/spelling.yml\E$
+^\Qdoc/reference/windows-terminal-logo.ans\E$
+^\Qsamples/ConPTY/EchoCon/EchoCon/EchoCon.vcxproj.filters\E$
+^\Qsrc/host/exe/Host.EXE.vcxproj.filters\E$
+^\Qsrc/host/ft_host/chafa.txt\E$
+^\Qsrc/tools/closetest/CloseTest.vcxproj.filters\E$
+^\XamlStyler.json$
+^build/config/
+^consolegit2gitfilters\.json$
+^dep/
+^doc/reference/master-sequence-list.csv$
+^doc/reference/UTF8-torture-test\.txt$
+^oss/
+^src/host/ft_uia/run\.bat$
+^src/host/runft\.bat$
+^src/host/runut\.bat$
+^src/interactivity/onecore/BgfxEngine\.
+^src/renderer/atlas/
+^src/renderer/wddmcon/WddmConRenderer\.
+^src/terminal/adapter/ut_adapter/run\.bat$
+^src/terminal/parser/delfuzzpayload\.bat$
+^src/terminal/parser/ft_fuzzer/run\.bat$
+^src/terminal/parser/ft_fuzzer/VTCommandFuzzer\.cpp$
+^src/terminal/parser/ft_fuzzwrapper/run\.bat$
+^src/terminal/parser/ut_parser/Base64Test.cpp$
+^src/terminal/parser/ut_parser/run\.bat$
+^src/tools/integrity/packageuwp/ConsoleUWP\.appxSources$
+^src/tools/lnkd/lnkd\.bat$
+^src/tools/pixels/pixels\.bat$
+^src/tools/texttests/fira\.txt$
+^src/tools/U8U16Test/(?:fr|ru|zh)\.txt$
+^src/types/ut_types/UtilsTests.cpp$
+^tools/ReleaseEngineering/ServicingPipeline.ps1$
+ignore$
+SUMS$

.github/actions/spelling/expect/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+The contents of each `.txt` file in this directory are merged together.
+
+* [alphabet](alphabet.txt) is a sample for alphabet related items
+* [web](web.txt) is a sample for web/html related items
+* [expect](expect.txt) is the main list of expected items -- there is nothing
+particularly special about the file name (beyond the extension which is
+important).
+
+These terms are things which temporarily exist in the project, but which
+aren't necessarily words.
+
+If something is a word that could come and go, it probably belongs in a
+[dictionary](../dictionary/README.md).

.github/actions/spelling/expect/alphabet.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+AAAa
+AAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAABBBBBBCCC
+AAAAABBBBBBCCC
+abcd
+abcd
+ABCDEFGHIJ
+abcdefghijk
+ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO
+abcdefghijklmnop
+ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST
+ABCG
+ABE
+abf
+BBBBB
+BBBBBBBB
+BBBBBCCC
+BBBBCCCCC
+BBGGRR
+EFG
+EFGh
+QQQQQQQQQQABCDEFGHIJ
+QQQQQQQQQQABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTQQQQQQQQQ
+QQQQQQQQQQABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTQQQQQQQQQQ
+QQQQQQQQQQABCDEFGHIJPQRSTQQQQQQQQQQ
+qrstuvwxyz
+qwerty
+qwertyuiopasdfg
+YYYYYYYDDDDDDDDDDD
+ZAAZZ
+ZABBZ
+ZBAZZ
+ZBBBZ
+ZBBZZ
+ZYXWVUT
+ZZBBZ
+ZZZBB
+ZZZBZ
+ZZZZZ

.github/actions/spelling/expect/web.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+WCAG
+winui
+appshellintegration
+mdtauk
+gfycat
+Guake

.github/actions/spelling/line_forbidden.patterns

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# reject `m_data` as there's a certain OS which has evil defines that break things if it's used elsewhere
+# \bm_data\b
+
+# If you have a framework that uses `it()` for testing and `fit()` for debugging a specific test,
+# you might not want to check in code where you were debugging w/ `fit()`, in which case, you might want
+# to use this:
+#\bfit\(
+
+# s.b. GitHub
+\bGithub\b
+
+# s.b. GitLab
+\bGitlab\b
+
+# s.b. JavaScript
+\bJavascript\b
+
+# s.b. Microsoft
+\bMicroSoft\b
+
+# s.b. another
+\ban[- ]other\b
+
+# s.b. greater than
+\bgreater then\b
+
+# s.b. into
+#\sin to\s
+
+# s.b. opt-in
+\sopt in\s
+
+# s.b. less than
+\bless then\b
+
+# s.b. otherwise
+\bother[- ]wise\b
+
+# s.b. nonexistent
+\bnon existing\b
+\b[Nn]o[nt][- ]existent\b
+
+# s.b. preexisting
+[Pp]re[- ]existing
+
+# s.b. preempt
+[Pp]re[- ]empt\b
+
+# s.b. preemptively
+[Pp]re[- ]emptively
+
+# s.b. reentrancy
+[Rr]e[- ]entrancy
+
+# s.b. reentrant
+[Rr]e[- ]entrant
+
+# s.b. workaround(s)
+#\bwork[- ]arounds?\b
+
+# Reject duplicate words
+\s([A-Z]{3,}|[A-Z][a-z]{2,}|[a-z]{3,})\s\g{-1}\s

.github/actions/spelling/patterns/0_n.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+\\native(?![a-z])
+\\nihilist(?![a-z])

.github/actions/spelling/patterns/0_r.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+\\registry(?![a-z])
+\\release(?![a-z])
+\\resources?(?![a-z])
+\\result(?![a-z])
+\\resultmacros(?![a-z])
+\\rules(?![a-z])
+\\renderer(?![a-z])
+\\rectread(?![a-z])

.github/actions/spelling/patterns/0_t.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+\\telemetry(?![a-z])
+\\templates(?![a-z])
+\\term(?![a-z])
+\\terminal(?![a-z])
+\\terminalcore(?![a-z])
+\\terminalinput(?![a-z])
+\\testlist(?![a-z])
+\\testmd(?![a-z])
+\\testpasses(?![a-z])
+\\tests(?![a-z])
+\\thread(?![a-z])
+\\tools(?![a-z])
+\\types(?![a-z])

.github/actions/spelling/patterns/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+The contents of each `.txt` file in this directory are merged together.
+Each line is a Perl 5 regular expression.
+Nothing is guaranteed about the order in which they're merged.
+-- If this is a problem, please reach out.
+
+Note: order of the contents of these files can matter.
+Lines from an individual file are handled in file order.
+Files are selected in alphabetical order.
+
+* [n](0_n.txt), [r](0_r.txt), and [t](0_t.txt) are specifically to work around
+a quirk in the spell checker:
+it often sees C strings of the form "Hello\nwerld". And would prefer to
+spot the typo of `werld`.
+* [patterns](patterns.txt) is the main list -- there is nothing
+particularly special about the file name (beyond the extension which is
+important).

.github/actions/spelling/patterns/patterns.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+# See https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Configuration-Examples:-patterns
+
+https?://\S+
+[Pp]ublicKeyToken="?[0-9a-fA-F]{16}"?
+(?:[{"]|UniqueIdentifier>)[0-9a-fA-F]{8}-(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-){3}[0-9a-fA-F]{12}(?:[}"]|</UniqueIdentifier)
+(?:0[Xx]|\\x|U\+|#)[a-f0-9A-FGgRr]{2,}[Uu]?[Ll]{0,2}\b
+microsoft/cascadia-code\@[0-9a-fA-F]{40}
+\d+x\d+Logo
+Scro\&ll
+# selectionInput.cpp
+ :\\windows\\syste\b
+TestUtils::VerifyExpectedString\(tb, L"[^"]+"
+(?:hostSm|mach)\.ProcessString\(L"[^"]+"
+\b([A-Za-z])\g{-1}{3,}\b
+0x[0-9A-Za-z]+
+Base64::s_(?:En|De)code\(L"[^"]+"
+VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL\(L"[^"]+"
+"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789\+/"
+std::memory_order_[\w]+
+D2DERR_SHADER_COMPILE_FAILED
+TIL_FEATURE_[0-9A-Z_]+
+vcvars\w*
+ROY\sG\.\sBIV
+!(?:(?i)ESC)!\[
+!(?:(?i)CSI)!(?:\d+(?:;\d+|)m|[ABCDF])
+
+# Python stringprefix / binaryprefix
+\b(?:B|BR|Br|F|FR|Fr|R|RB|RF|Rb|Rf|U|UR|Ur|b|bR|br|f|fR|fr|r|rB|rF|rb|rf|u|uR|ur)'
+
+# Automatically suggested patterns
+# hit-count: 3831 file-count: 582
+# IServiceProvider
+\bI(?=(?:[A-Z][a-z]{2,})+\b)
+
+# hit-count: 71 file-count: 35
+# Compiler flags
+(?:^|[\t ,"'`=(])-[D](?=[A-Z]{2,}|[A-Z][a-z])
+(?:^|[\t ,"'`=(])-[X](?=[A-Z]{2,}|[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z]{2,})
+
+# hit-count: 41 file-count: 28
+# version suffix <word>v#
+(?:(?<=[A-Z]{2})V|(?<=[a-z]{2}|[A-Z]{2})v)\d+(?:\b|(?=[a-zA-Z_]))
+
+# hit-count: 20 file-count: 9
+# hex runs
+\b[0-9a-fA-F]{16,}\b
+
+# hit-count: 10 file-count: 7
+# uuid:
+\b[0-9a-fA-F]{8}-(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-){3}[0-9a-fA-F]{12}\b
+
+# hit-count: 4 file-count: 4
+# mailto urls
+mailto:[-a-zA-Z=;:/?%&0-9+@.]{3,}
+
+# hit-count: 4 file-count: 1
+# ANSI color codes
+(?:\\(?:u00|x)1b|\x1b)\[\d+(?:;\d+|)m
+
+# hit-count: 2 file-count: 1
+# latex
+\\(?:n(?:ew|ormal|osub)|r(?:enew)|t(?:able(?:of|)|he|itle))(?=[a-z]+)
+
+# hit-count: 1 file-count: 1
+# hex digits including css/html color classes:
+(?:[\\0][xX]|\\u|[uU]\+|#x?|\%23)[0-9_a-fA-FgGrR]*?[a-fA-FgGrR]{2,}[0-9_a-fA-FgGrR]*(?:[uUlL]{0,3}|u\d+)\b
+
+# hit-count: 1 file-count: 1
+# Non-English
+[a-zA-Z]*[ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõöøùúûüýÿĀāŁłŃńŅņŒœŚśŠšŜŝŸŽžź][a-zA-Z]{3}[a-zA-ZÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõöøùúûüýÿĀāŁłŃńŅņŒœŚśŠšŜŝŸŽžź]*
+
+# hit-count: 1 file-count: 1
+# French
+# This corpus only had capital letters, but you probably want lowercase ones as well.
+\b[LN]'+[a-z]{2,}\b
+
+# acceptable duplicates
+# ls directory listings
+[-bcdlpsw](?:[-r][-w][-sx]){3}\s+\d+\s+(\S+)\s+\g{-1}\s+\d+\s+
+# C/idl types + English ...
+\s(Guid|long|LONG|that) \g{-1}\s
+
+# javadoc / .net
+(?:[\\@](?:groupname|param)|(?:public|private)(?:\s+static|\s+readonly)*)\s+(\w+)\s+\g{-1}\s
+
+# Commit message -- Signed-off-by and friends
+^\s*(?:(?:Based-on-patch|Co-authored|Helped|Mentored|Reported|Reviewed|Signed-off)-by|Thanks-to): (?:[^<]*<[^>]*>|[^<]*)\s*$
+
+# Autogenerated revert commit message
+^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{40}\.$
+
+# vtmode
+--vtmode\s+(\w+)\s+\g{-1}\s
+
+# ignore long runs of a single character:
+\b([A-Za-z])\g{-1}{3,}\b

.github/actions/spelling/reject.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+^attache$
+^attacher$
+^attachers$
+benefitting
+occurences?
+^dependan.*
+^oer$
+Sorce
+^[Ss]pae.*
+^untill$
+^untilling$
+^wether.*

.github/workflows/spelling2.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+# spelling.yml is blocked per https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/security/advisories/GHSA-g86g-chm8-7r2p
+name: Spell checking
+
+# Comment management is handled through a secondary job, for details see:
+# https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Feature%3A-Restricted-Permissions
+#
+# `jobs.comment-push` runs when a push is made to a repository and the `jobs.spelling` job needs to make a comment
+#   (in odd cases, it might actually run just to collapse a commment, but that's fairly rare)
+#   it needs `contents: write` in order to add a comment.
+#
+# `jobs.comment-pr` runs when a pull_request is made to a repository and the `jobs.spelling` job needs to make a comment
+#   or collapse a comment (in the case where it had previously made a comment and now no longer needs to show a comment)
+#   it needs `pull-requests: write` in order to manipulate those comments.
+
+# Updating pull request branches is managed via comment handling.
+# For details, see: https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Feature:-Update-expect-list
+#
+# These elements work together to make it happen:
+#
+# `on.issue_comment`
+#   This event listens to comments by users asking to update the metadata.
+#
+# `jobs.update`
+#   This job runs in response to an issue_comment and will push a new commit
+#   to update the spelling metadata.
+#
+# `with.experimental_apply_changes_via_bot`
+#   Tells the action to support and generate messages that enable it
+#   to make a commit to update the spelling metadata.
+#
+# `with.ssh_key`
+#   In order to trigger workflows when the commit is made, you can provide a
+#   secret (typically, a write-enabled github deploy key).
+#
+#   For background, see: https://github.com/check-spelling/check-spelling/wiki/Feature:-Update-with-deploy-key
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+    - "**"
+    tags-ignore:
+    - "**"
+  pull_request_target:
+    branches:
+    - "**"
+    tags-ignore:
+    - "**"
+    types:
+    - 'opened'
+    - 'reopened'
+    - 'synchronize'
+  issue_comment:
+    types:
+    - 'created'
+
+jobs:
+  spelling:
+    name: Spell checking
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      pull-requests: read
+      actions: read
+    outputs:
+      followup: ${{ steps.spelling.outputs.followup }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: "contains(github.event_name, 'pull_request') || github.event_name == 'push'"
+    concurrency:
+      group: spelling-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
+      # note: If you use only_check_changed_files, you do not want cancel-in-progress
+      cancel-in-progress: true
+    steps:
+    - name: check-spelling
+      id: spelling
+      uses: check-spelling/check-spelling@v0.0.21
+      with:
+        suppress_push_for_open_pull_request: 1
+        checkout: true
+        check_file_names: 1
+        spell_check_this: check-spelling/spell-check-this@prerelease
+        post_comment: 0
+        use_magic_file: 1
+        extra_dictionary_limit: 10
+        extra_dictionaries:
+          cspell:software-terms/src/software-terms.txt
+          cspell:python/src/python/python-lib.txt
+          cspell:node/node.txt
+          cspell:cpp/src/stdlib-c.txt
+          cspell:cpp/src/stdlib-cpp.txt
+          cspell:fullstack/fullstack.txt
+          cspell:filetypes/filetypes.txt
+          cspell:html/html.txt
+          cspell:cpp/src/compiler-msvc.txt
+          cspell:python/src/common/extra.txt
+          cspell:powershell/powershell.txt
+          cspell:aws/aws.txt
+          cspell:cpp/src/lang-keywords.txt
+          cspell:npm/npm.txt
+          cspell:dotnet/dotnet.txt
+          cspell:python/src/python/python.txt
+          cspell:css/css.txt
+          cspell:cpp/src/stdlib-cmath.txt
+        check_extra_dictionaries: ''
+
+  comment-push:
+    name: Report (Push)
+    # If your workflow isn't running on push, you can remove this job
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: spelling
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    if: (success() || failure()) && needs.spelling.outputs.followup && github.event_name == 'push'
+    steps:
+    - name: comment
+      uses: check-spelling/check-spelling@v0.0.21
+      with:
+        checkout: true
+        spell_check_this: check-spelling/spell-check-this@prerelease
+        task: ${{ needs.spelling.outputs.followup }}
+
+  comment-pr:
+    name: Report (PR)
+    # If you workflow isn't running on pull_request*, you can remove this job
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: spelling
+    permissions:
+      pull-requests: write
+    if: (success() || failure()) && needs.spelling.outputs.followup && contains(github.event_name, 'pull_request')
+    steps:
+    - name: comment
+      uses: check-spelling/check-spelling@v0.0.21
+      with:
+        checkout: true
+        spell_check_this: check-spelling/spell-check-this@prerelease
+        task: ${{ needs.spelling.outputs.followup }}

.gitignore

@@ -144,13 +144,13 @@ publish/
 # Publish Web Output
 *.[Pp]ublish.xml
 *.azurePubxml
-# TODO: Comment the next line if you want to checkin your web deploy settings
+# TODO: Comment the next line if you want to check in your web deploy settings
 # but database connection strings (with potential passwords) will be unencrypted
 *.pubxml
 *.publishproj
 
 # Microsoft Azure Web App publish settings. Comment the next line if you want to
-# checkin your Azure Web App publish settings, but sensitive information contained
+# check in your Azure Web App publish settings, but sensitive information contained
 # in these scripts will be unencrypted
 PublishScripts/
 
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ PublishScripts/
 !**/packages/build/
 # Uncomment if necessary however generally it will be regenerated when needed
 #!**/packages/repositories.config
-# NuGet v3's project.json files produces more ignoreable files
+# NuGet v3's project.json files produces more ignorable files
 *.nuget.props
 *.nuget.targets
 
@@ -261,6 +261,9 @@ build*.rec
 build*.wrn
 build*.metadata
 
+# MS Build binary logs
+*.binlog
+
 # .razzlerc.cmd file - used by dev environment
 tools/.razzlerc.*
 # .PowershellModules - if one needs a powershell module dependency, one

.vsconfig

@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Redist.14.Latest",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.ARM64",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.v141.x86.x64",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.v141.ARM64",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.v142.x86.x64",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.v142.ARM64",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.UWP.VC",
-    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.UWP.VC.v141",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.ComponentGroup.UWP.VC.v142",
     "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.UWP.VC.ARM64"
   ]
 }

CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-# Code of Conduct
+# Microsoft Open Source Code of Conduct
 
-This project has adopted the [Microsoft Open Source Code of Conduct][conduct-code].
-For more information see the [Code of Conduct FAQ][conduct-FAQ] or contact [opencode@microsoft.com][conduct-email] with any additional questions or comments.
+This project has adopted the [Microsoft Open Source Code of Conduct](https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/).
 
-[conduct-code]: https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/
-[conduct-FAQ]: https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/faq/
-[conduct-email]: mailto:opencode@microsoft.com
+Resources:
+
+- [Microsoft Open Source Code of Conduct](https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/)
+- [Microsoft Code of Conduct FAQ](https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/faq/)
+- Contact [opencode@microsoft.com](mailto:opencode@microsoft.com) with questions or concerns

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ We drive the bot by tagging issues with specific labels which cause the bot engi
 Therefore, if you do file issues, or create PRs, please keep an eye on your GitHub notifications. If you do not respond to requests for information, your issues/PRs may be closed automatically.
 
 ---
+## Reporting Security Issues
+
+**Please do not report security vulnerabilities through public GitHub issues.** Instead, please report them to the Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC). See [SECURITY.md](./SECURITY.md) for more information.
 
 ## Before you start, file an issue
 

NOTICE.md

@@ -47,3 +47,136 @@ ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
 CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 SOFTWARE.
 ```
+
+## telnetpp
+
+**Source**: https://github.com/KazDragon/telnetpp
+
+### License 
+
+```
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Matthew Chaplain a.k.a KazDragon
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+```
+
+## chromium/base/numerics
+
+**Source**: https://github.com/chromium/chromium/tree/master/base/numerics
+
+### License
+
+```
+Copyright 2015 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+distribution.
+   * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+```
+
+## kimwalisch/libpopcnt
+
+**Source**: https://github.com/kimwalisch/libpopcnt
+
+### License
+
+```
+BSD 2-Clause License
+
+Copyright (c) 2016 - 2019, Kim Walisch
+Copyright (c) 2016 - 2019, Wojciech Muła
+
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
+ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
+ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+```
+
+## dynamic_bitset
+
+**Source**: https://github.com/pinam45/dynamic_bitset
+
+### License
+
+```
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2019 Maxime Pinard
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+
+```

README.md

@@ -1,131 +1,174 @@
-# Welcome\! 
-#### This repository contains the source code for:
+# Welcome to the Windows Terminal, Console and Command-Line repo
 
-  * Windows Terminal
-  * The Windows console host (`conhost.exe`)
-  * Components shared between the two projects
-  * [ColorTool](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/tree/master/src/tools/ColorTool)
-  * [Sample projects](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/tree/master/samples) that show how to consume the Windows Console APIs
-  
-#### Other related repositories include:
-  * [Console API Documentation](https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/Console-Docs)
+This repository contains the source code for:
 
-### Build Status
+* [Windows Terminal](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/p/windows-terminal-preview/9n0dx20hk701)
+* The Windows console host (`conhost.exe`)
+* Components shared between the two projects
+* [ColorTool](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/tree/master/src/tools/ColorTool)
+* [Sample projects](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/tree/master/samples) that show how to consume the Windows Console APIs
+
+Related repositories include:
+
+* [Console API Documentation](https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/Console-Docs)
+* [Cascadia Code Font](https://github.com/Microsoft/Cascadia-Code)
+
+## Installing and running Windows Terminal
+
+> 👉 Note: Windows Terminal requires Windows 10 1903 (build 18362) or later
+
+### Microsoft Store [Recommended]
+
+Install the [Windows Terminal from the Microsoft Store][store-install-link]. This allows you to always be on the latest version when we release new builds with automatic upgrades. 
+
+This is our preferred method.
+
+### Other install methods
+
+#### Via GitHub
+
+For users who are unable to install Terminal from the Microsoft Store, Terminal builds can be manually downloaded from this repository's [Releases page](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/releases).
+
+> ⚠ Note: If you install Terminal manually:
+>
+> * Be sure to install the [Desktop Bridge VC++ v14 Redistributable Package](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=53175) otherwise Terminal may not install and/or run and may crash at startup
+> * Terminal will not auto-update when new builds are released so you will need to regularly install the latest Terminal release to receive all the latest fixes and improvements!
+
+#### Via Chocolatey (unofficial)
+
+[Chocolatey](https://chocolatey.org) users can download and install the latest Terminal release by installing the `microsoft-windows-terminal` package:
+
+```powershell
+choco install microsoft-windows-terminal
+```
+
+To upgrade Windows Terminal using Chocolatey, run the following:
+
+```powershell
+choco upgrade microsoft-windows-terminal
+```
+
+If you have any issues when installing/upgrading the package please go to the [Windows Terminal package page](https://chocolatey.org/packages/microsoft-windows-terminal) and follow the [Chocolatey triage process](https://chocolatey.org/docs/package-triage-process)
+
+---
+
+## Project Build Status
 
 Project|Build Status
 ---|---
 Terminal|[![Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/ms/Terminal/_apis/build/status/Terminal%20CI?branchName=master)](https://dev.azure.com/ms/Terminal/_build?definitionId=136)
 ColorTool|![](https://microsoft.visualstudio.com/_apis/public/build/definitions/c93e867a-8815-43c1-92c4-e7dd5404f1e1/17023/badge)
 
-# Terminal & Console Overview
+---
+
+## Windows Terminal v1.0 Roadmap
+
+The plan for delivering Windows Terminal v1.0 [is described here](/doc/terminal-v1-roadmap.md), and will be updated as the project proceeds.
+
+---
+
+## Terminal & Console Overview
 
 Please take a few minutes to review the overview below before diving into the code:
 
-## Windows Terminal
+### Windows Terminal
 
 Windows Terminal is a new, modern, feature-rich, productive terminal application for command-line users. It includes many of the features most frequently requested by the Windows command-line community including support for tabs, rich text, globalization, configurability, theming & styling, and more.
 
-The Terminal will also need to meet our goals and measures to ensure it remains fast, and efficient, and doesn't consume vast amounts of memory or power.
+The Terminal will also need to meet our goals and measures to ensure it remains fast and efficient, and doesn't consume vast amounts of memory or power.
 
-## The Windows console host
+### The Windows Console Host
 
-The Windows console host, `conhost.exe`, is Windows' original command-line user experience. It implements Windows' command-line infrastructure, and is responsible for hosting the Windows Console API, input engine, rendering engine, and user preferences. The console host code in this repository is the actual source from which the `conhost.exe` in Windows itself is built.
+The Windows Console host, `conhost.exe`, is Windows' original command-line user experience. It also hosts Windows' command-line infrastructure and the Windows Console API server, input engine, rendering engine, user preferences, etc. The console host code in this repository is the actual source from which the `conhost.exe` in Windows itself is built.
 
-Console's primary goal is to remain backwards-compatible with existing console subsystem applications.
+Since taking ownership of the Windows command-line in 2014, the team added several new features to the Console, including background transparency, line-based selection, support for [ANSI / Virtual Terminal sequences](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code), [24-bit color](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline/24-bit-color-in-the-windows-console/), a [Pseudoconsole ("ConPTY")](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline/windows-command-line-introducing-the-windows-pseudo-console-conpty/), and more.
 
-Since assuming ownership of the Windows command-line in 2014, the team has added several new features to the Console, including window transparency, line-based selection, support for [ANSI / Virtual Terminal sequences](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code), [24-bit color](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline/24-bit-color-in-the-windows-console/), a [Pseudoconsole ("ConPTY")](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline/windows-command-line-introducing-the-windows-pseudo-console-conpty/), and more.
-
-However, because the Console's primary goal is to maintain backward compatibility, we've been unable to add many of the features the community has been asking for, and which we've been wanting to add for the last several years--like tabs!
+However, because Windows Console's primary goal is to maintain backward compatibility, we have been unable to add many of the features the community (and the team) have been wanting for the last several years including tabs, unicode text, and emoji.
 
 These limitations led us to create the new Windows Terminal.
 
-## Shared Components
+> You can read more about the evolution of the command-line in general, and the Windows command-line specifically in [this accompanying series of blog posts](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline/windows-command-line-backgrounder/) on the Command-Line team's blog.
 
-While overhauling the Console, we've modernized its codebase considerably. We've cleanly separated logical entities into modules and classes, introduced some key extensibility points, replaced several old, home-grown collections and containers with safer, more efficient [STL containers](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/standard-library/stl-containers?view=vs-2019), and made the code simpler and safer by using Microsoft's [WIL](https://github.com/Microsoft/wil) header library.
+### Shared Components
 
-This overhaul work resulted in the creation of several key components that would be useful for any terminal implementation on Windows, including a new DirectWrite-based text layout and rendering engine, a text buffer capable of storing both UTF-16 and UTF-8, and a VT parser/emitter.
+While overhauling Windows Console, we modernized its codebase considerably, cleanly separating logical entities into modules and classes, introduced some key extensibility points, replaced several old, home-grown collections and containers with safer, more efficient [STL containers](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/standard-library/stl-containers?view=vs-2019), and made the code simpler and safer by using Microsoft's [Windows Implementation Libraries - WIL](https://github.com/Microsoft/wil).
 
-## Building a new terminal
+This overhaul resulted in several of Console's key components being available for re-use in any terminal implementation on Windows. These components include a new DirectWrite-based text layout and rendering engine, a text buffer capable of storing both UTF-16 and UTF-8, a VT parser/emitter, and more.
 
-When we started building the new terminal application, we explored and evaluated several approaches and technology stacks. We ultimately decided that our goals would be best met by sticking with C++ and sharing the aforementioned modernized components, placing them atop the modern Windows application platform and UI framework.
+### Creating the new Windows Terminal
 
-Further, we realized that this would allow us to build the terminal's renderer and input stack as a reusable Windows UI control that others can incorporate into their applications.
+When we started planning the new Windows Terminal application, we explored and evaluated several approaches and technology stacks. We ultimately decided that our goals would be best met by continuing our investment in our C++ codebase, which would allow us to reuse several of the aforementioned modernized components in both the existing Console and the new Terminal. Further, we realized that this would allow us to build much of the Terminal's core itself as a reusable UI control that others can incorporate into their own applications.
 
-# FAQ
+The result of this work is contained within this repo and delivered as the Windows Terminal application you can download from the Microsoft Store, or [directly from this repo's releases](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/releases).
 
-## Where can I download Windows Terminal?
+---
 
-### The Windows Terminal preview can be downloaded from the Microsoft Store.
+## Resources
 
-[https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/p/windows-terminal-preview/9n0dx20hk701](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/p/windows-terminal-preview/9n0dx20hk701)
+For more information about Windows Terminal, you may find some of these resources useful and interesting:
 
-## I built and ran the new Terminal, but I just get a blank window app!
+* [Command-Line Blog](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline)
+* [Command-Line Backgrounder Blog Series](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline/windows-command-line-backgrounder/)
+* Windows Terminal Launch: [Terminal "Sizzle Video"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gw0rXPMMPE&list=PLEHMQNlPj-Jzh9DkNpqipDGCZZuOwrQwR&index=2&t=0s)
+* Windows Terminal Launch: [Build 2019 Session](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KMudkRcwjCw)
+* Run As Radio: [Show 645 - Windows Terminal with Richard Turner](http://www.runasradio.com/Shows/Show/645)
+* Azure Devops Podcast: [Episode 54 - Kayla Cinnamon and Rich Turner on DevOps on the Windows Terminal](http://azuredevopspodcast.clear-measure.com/kayla-cinnamon-and-rich-turner-on-devops-on-the-windows-terminal-team-episode-54)
+* Microsoft Ignite 2019 Session: [The Modern Windows Command Line: Windows Terminal - BRK3321](https://myignite.techcommunity.microsoft.com/sessions/81329?source=sessions)
 
-Make sure you are building for your computer's architecture. If your box has a 64-bit Windows, change your Solution Platform to x64.  
-To check your OS architecture go to Settings -> System -> About (or Win+X -> System) and under `Device specifications` check for the  `System type`.
+---
 
-## I built and ran the new Terminal, but it looks just like the old console! What gives?
+## FAQ
 
-Firstly, make sure you're building & deploying `CascadiaPackage` in Visual Studio, _NOT_ `Host.EXE`. `OpenConsole.exe` is just `conhost.exe`, the same old console you know and love. `opencon.cmd` will launch `openconsole.exe`, and unfortunately, `openterm.cmd` is currently broken.
+### I built and ran the new Terminal, but it looks just like the old console
 
-Secondly, try pressing <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>T</kbd>. The tabs are hidden when you only have one tab by default. In the future, the UI will be dramatically different, but for now, the defaults are _supposed_ to look like the console defaults.
+Cause: You're launching the incorrect solution in Visual Studio.
 
-## I tried running WindowsTerminal.exe and it crashes!
+Solution: Make sure you're building & deploying the `CascadiaPackage` project in Visual Studio.
 
-* Don't try to run it unpackaged. Make sure to build & deploy `CascadiaPackage` from Visual Studio, and run the Windows Terminal (Dev Build) app.
-* Make sure you're on the right version of Windows. You'll need to be on Insider's builds, or wait for the 1903 release, as the Windows Terminal **REQUIRES** features from the latest Windows release.
+> ⚠ Note: `OpenConsole.exe` is just a locally-built `conhost.exe`, the classic Windows Console that hosts Windows' command-line infrastructure. OpenConsole is used by Windows Terminal to connect to and communicate with command-line applications (via [ConPty](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline/windows-command-line-introducing-the-windows-pseudo-console-conpty/)).
 
-# Getting Started
+---
 
-## Debugging
+## Documentation
 
-* To debug in VS, right click on CascadiaPackage (from VS Solution Explorer) and go to properties, in the Debug menu, change "Application process" and "Background task process" to "Native Only".
+All project documentation is located in the `./doc` folder. If you would like to contribute to the documentation, please submit a pull request.
+
+---
 
 ## Contributing
 
 We are excited to work alongside you, our amazing community, to build and enhance Windows Terminal\!
 
-We ask that **before you start work on a feature that you would like to contribute**, please read our [Contributor's Guide](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/blob/master/doc/contributing.md). We will be happy to work with you to figure out the best approach, provide guidance and mentorship throughout feature development, and help avoid any wasted or duplicate effort.
-
-> 👉 **Remember\!** Your contributions may be incorporated into future versions of Windows\! Because of this, all pull requests will be subject to the same level of scrutiny for quality, coding standards, performance, globalization, accessibility, and compatibility as those of our internal contributors.
-
-> ⚠ **Note**: The Command-Line Team is actively working out of this repository and will be periodically re-structuring the code to make it easier to comprehend, navigate, build, test, and contribute to, so **DO expect significant changes to code layout on a regular basis**.
-
-## Documentation
-
-All documentation is located in the `./doc` folder. If you would like to contribute to the documentation, please submit a pull request.
+***BEFORE you start work on a feature/fix***, please read & follow our [Contributor's Guide](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md) to help avoid any wasted or duplicate effort.
 
 ## Communicating with the Team
 
-The easiest way to communicate with the team is via GitHub issues. Please file new issues, feature requests and suggestions, but **DO search for similar open/closed pre-existing issues before you do**.
+The easiest way to communicate with the team is via GitHub issues.
 
-Please help us keep this repository clean, inclusive, and fun\! We will not tolerate any abusive, rude, disrespectful or inappropriate behavior. Read our [Code of Conduct](https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/) for more details.
+Please file new issues, feature requests and suggestions, but **DO search for similar open/closed pre-existing issues before creating a new issue.**
 
 If you would like to ask a question that you feel doesn't warrant an issue (yet), please reach out to us via Twitter:
 
-  * Rich Turner, Program Manager: [@richturn\_ms](https://twitter.com/richturn_ms)
+* Kayla Cinnamon, Program Manager: [@cinnamon\_msft](https://twitter.com/cinnamon_msft)
+* Dustin Howett, Engineering Lead: [@dhowett](https://twitter.com/DHowett)
+* Michael Niksa, Senior Developer: [@michaelniksa](https://twitter.com/MichaelNiksa)
+* Mike Griese, Developer: [@zadjii](https://twitter.com/zadjii)
+* Carlos Zamora, Developer: [@cazamor_msft](https://twitter.com/cazamor_msft)
+* Leon Liang, Developer: [@leonmsft](https://twitter.com/leonmsft)
 
-  * Dustin Howett, Engineering Lead: [@dhowett](https://twitter.com/DHowett)
-  
-  * Michael Niksa, Senior Developer: [@michaelniksa](https://twitter.com/MichaelNiksa)
+## Developer Guidance
 
-  * Kayla Cinnamon, Program Manager (especially for UX issues): [@cinnamon\_msft](https://twitter.com/cinnamon_msft)
-
-# Developer Guidance
-
-## Build Prerequisites
-
-* You must be running Windows 1903 (build >= 10.0.18362.0) or above in order to run Windows Terminal.
-* You must have the [1903 SDK](https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/windows-10-sdk) (build 10.0.18362.0) installed.
-* You must have at least [VS 2019](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/) installed.
-* You must install the following Workloads via the VS Installer. Opening the solution will [prompt you to install missing components automatically](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/setup/configure-visual-studio-across-your-organization-with-vsconfig/).
-  - Desktop Development with C++
-  - Universal Windows Platform Development
-  - **The following Individual Components**
-     - C++ (v142) Universal Windows Platform Tools
-
-* You must also [enable Developer Mode in the Windows Settings app](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/uwp/get-started/enable-your-device-for-development) to locally install and run the Terminal app.
+## Prerequisites
 
+* You must be running Windows 1903 (build >= 10.0.18362.0) or later to run Windows Terminal
+* You must [enable Developer Mode in the Windows Settings app](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/uwp/get-started/enable-your-device-for-development) to locally install and run Windows Terminal
+* You must have the [Windows 10 1903 SDK](https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/windows-10-sdk) installed
+* You must have at least [VS 2019](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/) installed
+* You must install the following Workloads via the VS Installer. Note: Opening the solution in VS 2019 will [prompt you to install missing components automatically](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/setup/configure-visual-studio-across-your-organization-with-vsconfig/):
+  * Desktop Development with C++
+  * Universal Windows Platform Development
+  * **The following Individual Components**
+    * C++ (v142) Universal Windows Platform Tools
 
 ## Building the Code
 
@@ -135,9 +178,9 @@ This repository uses [git submodules](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-S
 git submodule update --init --recursive
 ```
 
-OpenConsole.sln may be built from within Visual Studio or from the command-line using MSBuild. To build from the command line, find your shell below.
+OpenConsole.sln may be built from within Visual Studio or from the command-line using a set of convenience scripts & tools in the **/tools** directory:
 
-### PowerShell
+### Building in PowerShell
 
 ```powershell
 Import-Module .\tools\OpenConsole.psm1
@@ -145,27 +188,35 @@ Set-MsBuildDevEnvironment
 Invoke-OpenConsoleBuild
 ```
 
-### CMD
+### Building in Cmd
 
 ```shell
 .\tools\razzle.cmd
 bcz
 ```
 
-We've provided a set of convenience scripts as well as [README](./tools/README.md) in the **/tools** directory to help automate the process of building and running tests.
+## Running & Debugging
 
-## Coding Guidance
+To debug the Windows Terminal in VS, right click on `CascadiaPackage` (in the Solution Explorer) and go to properties. In the Debug menu, change "Application process" and "Background task process" to "Native Only".
 
-Please review these brief docs below relating to our coding standards etc.
+You should then be able to build & debug the Terminal project by hitting <kbd>F5</kbd>.
 
-> 👉 If you find something missing from these docs, feel free to contribute to any of our documentation files anywhere in the repository (or make some new ones\!)
+> 👉 You will _not_ be able to launch the Terminal directly by running the WindowsTerminal.exe. For more details on why, see [#926](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/926), [#4043](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/4043)
+
+### Coding Guidance
+
+Please review these brief docs below about our coding practices.
+
+> 👉 If you find something missing from these docs, feel free to contribute to any of our documentation files anywhere in the repository (or write some new ones!)
 
 This is a work in progress as we learn what we'll need to provide people in order to be effective contributors to our project.
 
-  - [Coding Style](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/blob/master/doc/STYLE.md)
-  - [Code Organization](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/blob/master/doc/ORGANIZATION.md)
-  - [Exceptions in our legacy codebase](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/blob/master/doc/EXCEPTIONS.md)
-  - [Helpful smart pointers and macros for interfacing with Windows in WIL](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/blob/master/doc/WIL.md)
+* [Coding Style](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/blob/master/doc/STYLE.md)
+* [Code Organization](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/blob/master/doc/ORGANIZATION.md)
+* [Exceptions in our legacy codebase](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/blob/master/doc/EXCEPTIONS.md)
+* [Helpful smart pointers and macros for interfacing with Windows in WIL](https://github.com/Microsoft/Terminal/blob/master/doc/WIL.md)
+
+---
 
 # Code of Conduct
 
@@ -175,3 +226,4 @@ For more information see the [Code of Conduct FAQ][conduct-FAQ] or contact [open
 [conduct-code]: https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/
 [conduct-FAQ]: https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/faq/
 [conduct-email]: mailto:opencode@microsoft.com
+[store-install-link]: https://aka.ms/windowsterminal

SECURITY.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<!-- BEGIN MICROSOFT SECURITY.MD V0.0.2 BLOCK -->
+
+## Security
+
+Microsoft takes the security of our software products and services seriously, which includes all source code repositories managed through our GitHub organizations, which include [Microsoft](https://github.com/Microsoft), [Azure](https://github.com/Azure), [DotNet](https://github.com/dotnet), [AspNet](https://github.com/aspnet), [Xamarin](https://github.com/xamarin), and [many more](https://opensource.microsoft.com/).
+
+If you believe you have found a security vulnerability in any Microsoft-owned repository that meets Microsoft's [definition](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/tn-archive/cc751383(v=technet.10)) of a security vulnerability, please report it to us as described below.
+
+## Reporting Security Issues
+
+**Please do not report security vulnerabilities through public GitHub issues.**
+
+Instead, please report them to the Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) at [https://msrc.microsoft.com/create-report](https://msrc.microsoft.com/create-report).
+
+If you prefer to submit without logging in, send email to [secure@microsoft.com](mailto:secure@microsoft.com).  If possible, encrypt your message with our PGP key; please download it from the [Microsoft Security Response Center PGP Key page](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/msrc/pgp-key-msrc).
+
+You should receive a response within 24 hours. If for some reason you do not, please follow up via email to ensure we received your original message. Additional information can be found at [microsoft.com/msrc](https://www.microsoft.com/msrc). 
+
+Please include the requested information listed below (as much as you can provide) to help us better understand the nature and scope of the possible issue:
+
+  * Type of issue (e.g. buffer overflow, SQL injection, cross-site scripting, etc.)
+  * Full paths of source file(s) related to the manifestation of the issue
+  * The location of the affected source code (tag/branch/commit or direct URL)
+  * Any special configuration required to reproduce the issue
+  * Step-by-step instructions to reproduce the issue
+  * Proof-of-concept or exploit code (if possible)
+  * Impact of the issue, including how an attacker might exploit the issue
+
+This information will help us triage your report more quickly.
+
+If you are reporting for a bug bounty, more complete reports can contribute to a higher bounty award. Please visit our [Microsoft Bug Bounty Program](https://microsoft.com/msrc/bounty) page for more details about our active programs.
+
+## Preferred Languages
+
+We prefer all communications to be in English.
+
+## Policy
+
+Microsoft follows the principle of [Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/msrc/cvd).
+
+<!-- END MICROSOFT SECURITY.MD BLOCK -->

build/.nuget/packages.config

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<packages>
-  <package id="Taef.TestAdapter" version="10.30.180808002" />
-</packages>

build/config/LocConfig.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Modules>
+  <Module name="Microsoft.WindowsTerminal" tdbuildteamid="7105">
+    <File location="TerminalApp"
+      path="%BUILD_SOURCESDIRECTORY%\src\cascadia\TerminalApp\Resources\en-US\Resources.resw" />
+    <File location="TerminalControl"
+      path="%BUILD_SOURCESDIRECTORY%\src\cascadia\TerminalControl\Resources\en-US\Resources.resw" />
+    <File location="TerminalConnection"
+      path="%BUILD_SOURCESDIRECTORY%\src\cascadia\TerminalConnection\Resources\en-US\Resources.resw" />
+    <File location="WindowsTerminalUniversal"
+      path="%BUILD_SOURCESDIRECTORY%\src\cascadia\WindowsTerminalUniversal\Resources\en-US\Resources.resw" />
+    <File location="CascadiaPackage"
+      path="%BUILD_SOURCESDIRECTORY%\src\cascadia\CascadiaPackage\Resources\en-US\Resources.resw" />
+  </Module>
+</Modules>

build/config/NuGet.config

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<configuration>
-    <packageSources>
-        <add key="TAEF Internal" value="https://microsoft.pkgs.visualstudio.com/_packaging/Taef/nuget/v3/index.json" />
-    </packageSources>
-    <config>
-        <add key="repositorypath" value="..\..\packages" />
-    </config>
-</configuration>

build/config/SignConfig.NuGet.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<SignConfigXML>
+  <job platform="" configuration="" dest="__INPATHROOT__" jobname="EngFunSimpleSign" approvers="">
+   <file src="__INPATHROOT__\Microsoft.Terminal*.nupkg" signType="NuGet" /> 
+  </job>
+</SignConfigXML>

build/config/SignConfig.WindowsTerminal.xml

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 <SignConfigXML>
   <job platform="" configuration="" certSubject="CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US" jobname="EngFunSimpleSign" approvers="">
    <file src="__INPATHROOT__\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_8wekyb3d8bbwe.msixbundle" signType="136020001" dest="__OUTPATHROOT__\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_8wekyb3d8bbwe.msixbundle" /> 
+   <file src="__INPATHROOT__\Microsoft.WindowsTerminalUniversal_8wekyb3d8bbwe.msixbundle" signType="136020001" dest="__OUTPATHROOT__\Microsoft.WindowsTerminalUniversal_8wekyb3d8bbwe.msixbundle" /> 
   </job>
 </SignConfigXML>

build/pipelines/ci.yml

@@ -13,26 +13,57 @@ pr:
   branches:
     include:
       - master
+  paths:
+    exclude:
+      - doc/*
+      - samples/*
+      - tools/*
+
+variables:
+  - name: runCodesignValidationInjectionBG
+    value: false
 
 #     0.0.yyMM.dd##
 #     0.0.1904.0900
 name: 0.0.$(Date:yyMM).$(Date:dd)$(Rev:rr)
 
-jobs:
-  - template: ./templates/build-console-audit-job.yml
-    parameters:
-      platform: x64
+stages:
+  - stage: Audit_x64
+    displayName: Audit Mode
+    dependsOn: []
+    condition: succeeded()
+    jobs:
+      - template: ./templates/build-console-audit-job.yml
+        parameters:
+          platform: x64
+  - stage: Build_x64
+    displayName: Build x64
+    dependsOn: []
+    condition: succeeded()
+    jobs:
+      - template: ./templates/build-console-ci.yml
+        parameters:
+          platform: x64
+  - stage: Build_x86
+    displayName: Build x86
+    dependsOn: []
+    condition: not(eq(variables['Build.Reason'], 'PullRequest'))
+    jobs:
+      - template: ./templates/build-console-ci.yml
+        parameters:
+          platform: x86
+  - stage: Build_ARM64
+    displayName: Build ARM64
+    dependsOn: []
+    condition: not(eq(variables['Build.Reason'], 'PullRequest'))
+    jobs:
+      - template: ./templates/build-console-ci.yml
+        parameters:
+          platform: ARM64
+  - stage: Scripts
+    displayName: Code Health Scripts
+    dependsOn: []
+    condition: succeeded()
+    jobs:
+      - template: ./templates/check-formatting.yml
 
-  - template: ./templates/build-console-ci.yml
-    parameters:
-      platform: x64
-
-  - template: ./templates/build-console-ci.yml
-    parameters:
-      platform: x86
-
-  - template: ./templates/build-console-ci.yml
-    parameters:
-      platform: ARM64
-
-  - template: ./templates/check-formatting.yml

build/pipelines/templates/build-console-audit-job.yml

@@ -31,16 +31,6 @@ jobs:
       restoreSolution: OpenConsole.sln
       restoreDirectory: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\packages'
 
-  - task: 333b11bd-d341-40d9-afcf-b32d5ce6f23b@2
-    displayName: 'NuGet restore packages for CI'
-    inputs:
-      command: restore
-      restoreSolution: build/.nuget/packages.config
-      feedsToUse: config
-      externalFeedCredentials: 'TAEF NuGet Feed'
-      nugetConfigPath: build/config/NuGet.config
-      restoreDirectory: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/packages'
-
   - task: VSBuild@1
     displayName: 'Build solution **\OpenConsole.sln'
     inputs:

build/pipelines/templates/build-console-steps.yml

@@ -25,16 +25,6 @@ steps:
     restoreSolution: OpenConsole.sln
     restoreDirectory: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\packages'
 
-- task: 333b11bd-d341-40d9-afcf-b32d5ce6f23b@2
-  displayName: 'NuGet restore packages for CI'
-  inputs:
-    command: restore
-    restoreSolution: build/.nuget/packages.config
-    feedsToUse: config
-    externalFeedCredentials: 'TAEF NuGet Feed'
-    nugetConfigPath: build/config/NuGet.config
-    restoreDirectory: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/packages'
-
 - task: VSBuild@1
   displayName: 'Build solution **\OpenConsole.sln'
   inputs:
@@ -42,36 +32,49 @@ steps:
     vsVersion: 16.0
     platform: '$(BuildPlatform)'
     configuration: '$(BuildConfiguration)'
-    msbuildArgs: ${{ parameters.additionalBuildArguments }}
+    msbuildArgs: "${{ parameters.additionalBuildArguments }}"
     clean: true
     maximumCpuCount: true
 
-- task: VSTest@2
+- task: PowerShell@2
+  displayName: 'Check MSIX for common regressions'
+  inputs:
+    targetType: inline
+    script: |
+      $Package = Get-ChildItem -Recurse -Filter "CascadiaPackage_*.msix"
+      .\build\scripts\Test-WindowsTerminalPackage.ps1 -Verbose -Path $Package.FullName
+
+- task: powershell@2
+  displayName: 'Source Index PDBs'
+  inputs:
+    targetType: filePath
+    filePath: build\scripts\Index-Pdbs.ps1
+    arguments: -SearchDir '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)' -SourceRoot '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)' -recursive -Verbose -CommitId $(Build.SourceVersion)
+    errorActionPreference: silentlyContinue
+
+- task: PowerShell@2
+  displayName: 'Rationalize build platform'
+  inputs:
+    targetType: inline
+    script: |
+      $Arch = "$(BuildPlatform)"
+      If ($Arch -Eq "x86") { $Arch = "Win32" }
+      Write-Host "##vso[task.setvariable variable=RationalizedBuildPlatform]${Arch}"
+
+- task: PowerShell@2
   displayName: 'Run Unit Tests'
   inputs:
-    testAssemblyVer2: |
-      $(BUILD.SOURCESDIRECTORY)\**\*unit.test*.dll
-      !**\obj\**
-    runSettingsFile: '$(BUILD.SOURCESDIRECTORY)\src\unit.tests.$(BuildPlatform).runsettings'
-    codeCoverageEnabled: true
-    runInParallel: False
-    testRunTitle: 'Console Unit Tests'
-    platform: '$(BuildPlatform)'
-    configuration: '$(BuildConfiguration)'
+    targetType: filePath
+    filePath: build\scripts\Run-Tests.ps1
+    arguments: -MatchPattern '*unit.test*.dll' -Platform '$(RationalizedBuildPlatform)' -Configuration '$(BuildConfiguration)'
   condition: and(succeeded(), or(eq(variables['BuildPlatform'], 'x64'), eq(variables['BuildPlatform'], 'x86')))
 
-- task: VSTest@2
+- task: PowerShell@2
   displayName: 'Run Feature Tests (x64 only)'
   inputs:
-    testAssemblyVer2: |
-      $(BUILD.SOURCESDIRECTORY)\**\*feature.test*.dll
-      !**\obj\**
-    runSettingsFile: '$(BUILD.SOURCESDIRECTORY)\src\unit.tests.$(BuildPlatform).runsettings'
-    codeCoverageEnabled: true
-    runInParallel: False
-    testRunTitle: 'Console Feature Tests'
-    platform: '$(BuildPlatform)'
-    configuration: '$(BuildConfiguration)'
+    targetType: filePath
+    filePath: build\scripts\Run-Tests.ps1
+    arguments: -MatchPattern '*feature.test*.dll' -Platform '$(RationalizedBuildPlatform)' -Configuration '$(BuildConfiguration)'
   condition: and(succeeded(), eq(variables['BuildPlatform'], 'x64'))
 
 - task: CopyFiles@2

build/pipelines/templates/check-formatting.yml

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ jobs:
 
   steps:
   - checkout: self
+    fetchDepth: 1
     submodules: false
     clean: true
 

build/rules/GenerateSxsManifestsFromWinmds.targets

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project DefaultTargets="Build" ToolsVersion="16.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <BeforeLinkTargets Condition="'$(WindowsTargetPlatformVersion)' &gt;= '10.0.18362.0'">
+      $(BeforeLinkTargets);
+      _ConsoleGenerateAdditionalWinmdManifests;
+    </BeforeLinkTargets>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <Target Name="_ConsoleMapWinmdsToManifestFiles" DependsOnTargets="ResolveAssemblyReferences">
+    <ItemGroup>
+      <!-- For each non-system .winmd file in References, generate a .manifest in IntDir for it. -->
+      <_ConsoleWinmdManifest Include="@(ReferencePath->'$(IntDir)\%(FileName).manifest')" Condition="'%(ReferencePath.IsSystemReference)' != 'true' and '%(ReferencePath.WinMDFile)' == 'true' and '%(ReferencePath.ReferenceSourceTarget)' == 'ResolveAssemblyReference' and '%(ReferencePath.Implementation)' != ''">
+        <WinMDPath>%(ReferencePath.FullPath)</WinMDPath>
+        <Implementation>%(ReferencePath.Implementation)</Implementation>
+      </_ConsoleWinmdManifest>
+      <!-- For each referenced project that _produces_ a winmd, generate a temporary item that maps to
+           the winmd, and use that temporary item to generate a .manifest in IntDir for it.
+           We don't set Implementation here because it's inherited from the _ResolvedNativeProjectReferencePaths. -->
+      <_ConsoleWinmdProjectReference Condition="'%(_ResolvedNativeProjectReferencePaths.ProjectType)' != 'StaticLibrary'" Include="@(_ResolvedNativeProjectReferencePaths-&gt;WithMetadataValue('FileType','winmd')-&gt;'%(RootDir)%(Directory)%(TargetPath)')" />
+      <_ConsoleWinmdManifest Include="@(_ConsoleWinmdProjectReference->'$(IntDir)\%(FileName).manifest')">
+        <WinMDPath>%(Identity)</WinMDPath>
+      </_ConsoleWinmdManifest>
+    </ItemGroup>
+  </Target>
+
+  <Target Name="_ConsoleGenerateAdditionalWinmdManifests"
+          Inputs="@(_ConsoleWinmdManifest.WinMDPath)"
+          Outputs="@(_ConsoleWinmdManifest)"
+          DependsOnTargets="_ConsoleMapWinmdsToManifestFiles">
+
+    <!-- This target is batched and a new Exec is spawned for each entry in _ConsoleWinmdManifest. -->
+    <Exec Command="mt.exe -winmd:%(_ConsoleWinmdManifest.WinMDPath) -dll:%(_ConsoleWinmdManifest.Implementation) -out:%(_ConsoleWinmdManifest.Identity)" />
+
+    <ItemGroup>
+      <!-- Emit the generated manifest into the Link inputs. -->
+      <Manifest Include="@(_ConsoleWinmdManifest)" />
+    </ItemGroup>
+
+  </Target>
+</Project>

build/scripts/Index-Pdbs.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+[CmdLetBinding()]
+Param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=0)][string]$SearchDir,
+    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=1)][string]$SourceRoot,
+    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=2)][string]$CommitId,
+    [string]$Organization = "microsoft",
+    [string]$Repo = "terminal",
+    [switch]$recursive
+)
+
+$debuggerPath = (Get-ItemProperty -path "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\Windows Kits\Installed Roots" -name WindowsDebuggersRoot10).WindowsDebuggersRoot10
+$srcsrvPath = Join-Path $debuggerPath "x64\srcsrv"
+$srctoolExe = Join-Path $srcsrvPath "srctool.exe"
+$pdbstrExe = Join-Path $srcsrvPath "pdbstr.exe"
+
+$fileTable = @{}
+foreach ($gitFile in & git ls-files)
+{
+    $fileTable[$gitFile] = $gitFile
+}
+
+$mappedFiles = New-Object System.Collections.ArrayList
+
+foreach ($file in (Get-ChildItem -r:$recursive "$SearchDir\*.pdb"))
+{
+    Write-Verbose "Found $file"
+
+    $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue" # Azure Pipelines defaults to "Stop", continue past errors in this script.
+    
+    $allFiles = & $srctoolExe -r "$file"
+
+    # If the pdb didn't have enough files then skip it (the srctool output has a blank line even when there's no info
+    # so check for less than 2 lines)
+    if ($allFiles.Length -lt 2)
+    {
+        continue
+    }
+
+    for ($i = 0; $i -lt $allFiles.Length; $i++)
+    {
+        if ($allFiles[$i].StartsWith($SourceRoot, [StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+        {
+            $relative = $allFiles[$i].Substring($SourceRoot.Length).TrimStart("\")
+            $relative = $relative.Replace("\", "/")
+
+            # Git urls are case-sensitive but the PDB might contain a lowercased version of the file path.
+            # Look up the relative url in the output of "ls-files". If it's not there then it's not something
+            # in git, so don't index it.
+            $relative = $fileTable[$relative]
+            if ($relative)
+            {
+                $mapping = $allFiles[$i] + "*$relative"
+                $mappedFiles.Add($mapping)
+
+                Write-Verbose "Mapped path $($i): $mapping"
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    $pdbstrFile = Join-Path "$env:TEMP" "pdbstr.txt"
+
+    Write-Verbose "pdbstr.txt = $pdbstrFile"
+
+    @"
+SRCSRV: ini ------------------------------------------------
+VERSION=2
+VERCTRL=http
+SRCSRV: variables ------------------------------------------
+ORGANIZATION=$Organization
+REPO=$Repo
+COMMITID=$CommitId
+HTTP_ALIAS=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/%ORGANIZATION%/%REPO%/%COMMITID%/
+HTTP_EXTRACT_TARGET=%HTTP_ALIAS%%var2%
+SRCSRVTRG=%HTTP_EXTRACT_TARGET%
+SRC_INDEX=public
+SRCSRV: source files ---------------------------------------
+$($mappedFiles -join "`r`n")
+SRCSRV: end ------------------------------------------------
+"@ | Set-Content $pdbstrFile
+
+    & $pdbstrExe -p:"$file" -w -s:srcsrv -i:$pdbstrFile
+}
+
+# Return with exit 0 to override any weird error code from other tools
+Exit 0

build/scripts/Run-Tests.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+[CmdLetBinding()]
+Param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=0)][string]$MatchPattern,
+    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=1)][string]$Platform,
+    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=2)][string]$Configuration
+)
+
+$testdlls = Get-ChildItem -Path ".\bin\$Platform\$Configuration" -Recurse -Filter $MatchPattern
+
+&".\bin\$Platform\$Configuration\te.exe" $testdlls.FullName
+
+if ($lastexitcode -Ne 0) { Exit $lastexitcode }
+
+Exit 0

build/scripts/Test-WindowsTerminalPackage.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+[CmdletBinding()]
+Param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipeline=$true,
+      HelpMessage="Path to the .appx/.msix to validate")]
+    [string]
+    $Path,
+
+    [Parameter(HelpMessage="Path to Windows Kit")]
+    [ValidateScript({Test-Path $_ -Type Leaf})]
+    [string]
+    $WindowsKitPath = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\bin\10.0.18362.0"
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+
+If ($null -Eq (Get-Item $WindowsKitPath -EA:SilentlyContinue)) {
+    Write-Error "Could not find a windows SDK at at `"$WindowsKitPath`".`nMake sure that WindowsKitPath points to a valid SDK."
+    Exit 1
+}
+
+$makeAppx = "$WindowsKitPath\x86\MakeAppx.exe"
+$makePri = "$WindowsKitPath\x86\MakePri.exe"
+
+Function Expand-ApplicationPackage {
+    Param(
+        [Parameter(Mandatory, ValueFromPipeline)]
+        [string]
+        $Path
+    )
+
+    $sentinelFile = New-TemporaryFile
+    $directory = New-Item -Type Directory "$($sentinelFile.FullName)_Package"
+    Remove-Item $sentinelFile -Force -EA:Ignore
+
+    & $makeAppx unpack /p $Path /d $directory /nv /o
+
+    If ($LastExitCode -Ne 0) {
+        Throw "Failed to expand AppX"
+    }
+
+    $directory
+}
+
+Write-Verbose "Expanding $Path"
+$AppxPackageRoot = Expand-ApplicationPackage $Path
+$AppxPackageRootPath = $AppxPackageRoot.FullName
+
+Write-Verbose "Expanded to $AppxPackageRootPath"
+
+Try {
+    & $makePri dump /if "$AppxPackageRootPath\resources.pri" /of "$AppxPackageRootPath\resources.pri.xml" /o
+    If ($LastExitCode -Ne 0) {
+        Throw "Failed to dump PRI"
+    }
+
+    $Manifest = [xml](Get-Content "$AppxPackageRootPath\AppxManifest.xml")
+    $PRIFile = [xml](Get-Content "$AppxPackageRootPath\resources.pri.xml")
+
+    ### Check the activatable class entries for a few DLLs we need.
+    $inProcServers = $Manifest.Package.Extensions.Extension.InProcessServer.Path
+    $RequiredInProcServers = ("TerminalApp.dll", "TerminalControl.dll", "TerminalConnection.dll")
+
+    Write-Verbose "InProc Servers: $inProcServers"
+
+    ForEach ($req in $RequiredInProcServers) {
+        If ($req -NotIn $inProcServers) {
+            Throw "Failed to find $req in InProcServer list $inProcServers"
+        }
+    }
+
+    ### Check that we have an App.xbf (which is a proxy for our resources having been merged)
+    $resourceXpath = '/PriInfo/ResourceMap/ResourceMapSubtree[@name="Files"]/NamedResource[@name="App.xbf"]'
+    $AppXbf = $PRIFile.SelectSingleNode($resourceXpath)
+    If ($null -eq $AppXbf) {
+        Throw "Failed to find App.xbf (TerminalApp project) in resources.pri"
+    }
+
+    If (($null -eq (Get-Item "$AppxPackageRootPath\cpprest142_2_10.dll" -EA:Ignore)) -And
+        ($null -eq (Get-Item "$AppxPackageRootPath\cpprest142_2_10d.dll" -EA:Ignore))) {
+        Throw "Failed to find cpprest142_2_10.dll -- check the WAP packaging project"
+    }
+
+} Finally {
+    Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $AppxPackageRootPath
+}

consolegit2gitfilters.json

@@ -14,9 +14,14 @@
     "/.vs/",
     "/build/",
     "/src/cascadia/",
+    "/src/winconpty/",
     "/.nuget/",
     "/.github/",
-    "/samples/"
+    "/samples/",
+    "/res/terminal/",
+    "/doc/specs/",
+    "/doc/cascadia/",
+    "/doc/user-docs/"
   ],
   "SuffixFilters": [
     ".dbb",

custom.props

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+  <!-- This file is read by XES, which we use in our Release builds. -->
+  <PropertyGroup Label="Version">
+    <XesUseOneStoreVersioning>true</XesUseOneStoreVersioning>
+    <XesBaseYearForStoreVersion>2020</XesBaseYearForStoreVersion>
+    <VersionMajor>0</VersionMajor>
+    <VersionMinor>11</VersionMinor>
+    <VersionInfoProductName>Windows Terminal</VersionInfoProductName>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+</Project>

dep/CLI11/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# CLI11
+
+Taken from [release v1.8.0](https://github.com/CLIUtils/CLI11/releases/tag/v1.8.0), source commit
+[13becad](https://github.com/CLIUtils/CLI11/commit/13becaddb657eacd090537719a669d66d393b8b2)
+

dep/chromium/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//    * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

dep/chromium/MAINTAINER_README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+### Notes for Future Maintainers
+
+This was originally imported by @miniksa in January 2020.
+
+The provenance information (where it came from and which commit) is stored in the file `cgmanifest.json` in the same directory as this readme.
+Please update the provenance information in that file when ingesting an updated version of the dependent library.
+That provenance file is automatically read and inventoried by Microsoft systems to ensure compliance with appropiate governance standards.
+
+## What should be done to update this in the future?
+
+1. Go to chromium/chromium repository on GitHub.
+2. Take the entire contents of the base/numerics directory wholesale and drop it in the base/numerics directory here.
+3. Don't change anything about it.
+4. Validate that the license in the root of the repository didn't change and update it if so. It is sitting in the same directory as this readme. 
+   If it changed dramatically, ensure that it is still compatible with our license scheme. Also update the NOTICE file in the root of our repository to declare the third-party usage.
+5. Submit the pull.
+

dep/chromium/base/numerics/BUILD.gn

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+# This is a dependency-free, header-only, library, and it needs to stay that
+# way to facilitate pulling it into various third-party projects. So, this
+# file is here to protect against accidentally introducing external
+# dependencies or depending on internal implementation details.
+source_set("base_numerics") {
+  visibility = [ "//base/*" ]
+  sources = [
+    "checked_math_impl.h",
+    "clamped_math_impl.h",
+    "safe_conversions_arm_impl.h",
+    "safe_conversions_impl.h",
+    "safe_math_arm_impl.h",
+    "safe_math_clang_gcc_impl.h",
+    "safe_math_shared_impl.h",
+  ]
+  public = [
+    "checked_math.h",
+    "clamped_math.h",
+    "math_constants.h",
+    "ranges.h",
+    "safe_conversions.h",
+    "safe_math.h",
+  ]
+}

dep/chromium/base/numerics/DEPS

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# This is a dependency-free, header-only, library, and it needs to stay that
+# way to facilitate pulling it into various third-party projects. So, this
+# file is here to protect against accidentally introducing dependencies.
+include_rules = [
+  "-base",
+  "+base/numerics",
+]

dep/chromium/base/numerics/OWNERS

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+jschuh@chromium.org
+tsepez@chromium.org
+
+
+# COMPONENT: Internals

dep/chromium/base/numerics/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
+# `base/numerics`
+
+This directory contains a dependency-free, header-only library of templates
+providing well-defined semantics for safely and performantly handling a variety
+of numeric operations, including most common arithmetic operations and
+conversions.
+
+The public API is broken out into the following header files:
+
+*   `checked_math.h` contains the `CheckedNumeric` template class and helper
+    functions for performing arithmetic and conversion operations that detect
+    errors and boundary conditions (e.g. overflow, truncation, etc.).
+*   `clamped_math.h` contains the `ClampedNumeric` template class and
+    helper functions for performing fast, clamped (i.e. [non-sticky](#notsticky)
+    saturating) arithmetic operations and conversions.
+*   `safe_conversions.h` contains the `StrictNumeric` template class and
+    a collection of custom casting templates and helper functions for safely
+    converting between a range of numeric types.
+*   `safe_math.h` includes all of the previously mentioned headers.
+
+*** aside
+**Note:** The `Numeric` template types implicitly convert from C numeric types
+and `Numeric` templates that are convertable to an underlying C numeric type.
+The conversion priority for `Numeric` type coercions is:
+
+*   `StrictNumeric` coerces to `ClampedNumeric` and `CheckedNumeric`
+*   `ClampedNumeric` coerces to `CheckedNumeric`
+***
+
+[TOC]
+
+## Common patterns and use-cases
+
+The following covers the preferred style for the most common uses of this
+library. Please don't cargo-cult from anywhere else. 😉
+
+### Performing checked arithmetic type conversions
+
+The `checked_cast` template converts between arbitrary arithmetic types, and is
+used for cases where a conversion failure should result in program termination:
+
+```cpp
+// Crash if signed_value is out of range for buff_size.
+size_t buff_size = checked_cast<size_t>(signed_value);
+```
+
+### Performing saturated (clamped) arithmetic type conversions
+
+The `saturated_cast` template converts between arbitrary arithmetic types, and
+is used in cases where an out-of-bounds source value should be saturated to the
+corresponding maximum or minimum of the destination type:
+
+```cpp
+// Convert from float with saturation to INT_MAX, INT_MIN, or 0 for NaN.
+int int_value = saturated_cast<int>(floating_point_value);
+```
+
+### Enforcing arithmetic type conversions at compile-time
+
+The `strict_cast` emits code that is identical to `static_cast`. However,
+provides static checks that will cause a compilation failure if the
+destination type cannot represent the full range of the source type:
+
+```cpp
+// Throw a compiler error if byte_value is changed to an out-of-range-type.
+int int_value = strict_cast<int>(byte_value);
+```
+
+You can also enforce these compile-time restrictions on function parameters by
+using the `StrictNumeric` template:
+
+```cpp
+// Throw a compiler error if the size argument cannot be represented by a
+// size_t (e.g. passing an int will fail to compile).
+bool AllocateBuffer(void** buffer, StrictCast<size_t> size);
+```
+
+### Comparing values between arbitrary arithmetic types
+
+Both the `StrictNumeric` and `ClampedNumeric` types provide well defined
+comparisons between arbitrary arithmetic types. This allows you to perform
+comparisons that are not legal or would trigger compiler warnings or errors
+under the normal arithmetic promotion rules:
+
+```cpp
+bool foo(unsigned value, int upper_bound) {
+  // Converting to StrictNumeric allows this comparison to work correctly.
+  if (MakeStrictNum(value) >= upper_bound)
+    return false;
+```
+
+*** note
+**Warning:** Do not perform manual conversions using the comparison operators.
+Instead, use the cast templates described in the previous sections, or the
+constexpr template functions `IsValueInRangeForNumericType` and
+`IsTypeInRangeForNumericType`, as these templates properly handle the full range
+of corner cases and employ various optimizations.
+***
+
+### Calculating a buffer size (checked arithmetic)
+
+When making exact calculations—such as for buffer lengths—it's often necessary
+to know when those calculations trigger an overflow, undefined behavior, or
+other boundary conditions. The `CheckedNumeric` template does this by storing
+a bit determining whether or not some arithmetic operation has occured that
+would put the variable in an "invalid" state. Attempting to extract the value
+from a variable in an invalid state will trigger a check/trap condition, that
+by default will result in process termination.
+
+Here's an example of a buffer calculation using a `CheckedNumeric` type (note:
+the AssignIfValid method will trigger a compile error if the result is ignored).
+
+```cpp
+// Calculate the buffer size and detect if an overflow occurs.
+size_t size;
+if (!CheckAdd(kHeaderSize, CheckMul(count, kItemSize)).AssignIfValid(&size)) {
+  // Handle an overflow error...
+}
+```
+
+### Calculating clamped coordinates (non-sticky saturating arithmetic)
+
+Certain classes of calculations—such as coordinate calculations—require
+well-defined semantics that always produce a valid result on boundary
+conditions. The `ClampedNumeric` template addresses this by providing
+performant, non-sticky saturating arithmetic operations.
+
+Here's an example of using a `ClampedNumeric` to calculate an operation
+insetting a rectangle.
+
+```cpp
+// Use clamped arithmetic since inset calculations might overflow.
+void Rect::Inset(int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
+  origin_ += Vector2d(left, top);
+  set_width(ClampSub(width(), ClampAdd(left, right)));
+  set_height(ClampSub(height(), ClampAdd(top, bottom)));
+}
+```
+
+*** note
+<a name="notsticky"></a>
+The `ClampedNumeric` type is not "sticky", which means the saturation is not
+retained across individual operations. As such, one arithmetic operation may
+result in a saturated value, while the next operation may then "desaturate"
+the value. Here's an example:
+
+```cpp
+ClampedNumeric<int> value = INT_MAX;
+++value;  // value is still INT_MAX, due to saturation.
+--value;  // value is now (INT_MAX - 1), because saturation is not sticky.
+```
+
+***
+
+## Conversion functions and StrictNumeric<> in safe_conversions.h
+
+This header includes a collection of helper `constexpr` templates for safely
+performing a range of conversions, assignments, and tests.
+
+### Safe casting templates
+
+*   `as_signed()` - Returns the supplied integral value as a signed type of
+    the same width.
+*   `as_unsigned()` - Returns the supplied integral value as an unsigned type
+    of the same width.
+*   `checked_cast<>()` - Analogous to `static_cast<>` for numeric types, except
+    that by default it will trigger a crash on an out-of-bounds conversion (e.g.
+    overflow, underflow, NaN to integral) or a compile error if the conversion
+    error can be detected at compile time. The crash handler can be overridden
+    to perform a behavior other than crashing.
+*   `saturated_cast<>()` - Analogous to `static_cast` for numeric types, except
+    that it returns a saturated result when the specified numeric conversion
+    would otherwise overflow or underflow. An NaN source returns 0 by
+    default, but can be overridden to return a different result.
+*   `strict_cast<>()` - Analogous to `static_cast` for numeric types, except
+    this causes a compile failure if the destination type is not large
+    enough to contain any value in the source type. It performs no runtime
+    checking and thus introduces no runtime overhead.
+
+### Other helper and conversion functions
+
+*   `IsValueInRangeForNumericType<>()` - A convenience function that returns
+    true if the type supplied as the template parameter can represent the value
+    passed as an argument to the function.
+*   `IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<>()` - A convenience function that evaluates
+    entirely at compile-time and returns true if the destination type (first
+    template parameter) can represent the full range of the source type
+    (second template parameter).
+*   `IsValueNegative()` - A convenience function that will accept any
+    arithmetic type as an argument and will return whether the value is less
+    than zero. Unsigned types always return false.
+*   `SafeUnsignedAbs()` - Returns the absolute value of the supplied integer
+    parameter as an unsigned result (thus avoiding an overflow if the value
+    is the signed, two's complement minimum).
+
+### StrictNumeric<>
+
+`StrictNumeric<>` is a wrapper type that performs assignments and copies via
+the `strict_cast` template, and can perform valid arithmetic comparisons
+across any range of arithmetic types. `StrictNumeric` is the return type for
+values extracted from a `CheckedNumeric` class instance. The raw numeric value
+is extracted via `static_cast` to the underlying type or any type with
+sufficient range to represent the underlying type.
+
+*   `MakeStrictNum()` - Creates a new `StrictNumeric` from the underlying type
+    of the supplied arithmetic or StrictNumeric type.
+*   `SizeT` - Alias for `StrictNumeric<size_t>`.
+
+## CheckedNumeric<> in checked_math.h
+
+`CheckedNumeric<>` implements all the logic and operators for detecting integer
+boundary conditions such as overflow, underflow, and invalid conversions.
+The `CheckedNumeric` type implicitly converts from floating point and integer
+data types, and contains overloads for basic arithmetic operations (i.e.: `+`,
+`-`, `*`, `/` for all types and `%`, `<<`, `>>`, `&`, `|`, `^` for integers).
+However, *the [variadic template functions
+](#CheckedNumeric_in-checked_math_h-Non_member-helper-functions)
+are the prefered API,* as they remove type ambiguities and help prevent a number
+of common errors. The variadic functions can also be more performant, as they
+eliminate redundant expressions that are unavoidable with the with the operator
+overloads. (Ideally the compiler should optimize those away, but better to avoid
+them in the first place.)
+
+Type promotions are a slightly modified version of the [standard C/C++ numeric
+promotions
+](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/implicit_conversion#Numeric_promotions)
+with the two differences being that *there is no default promotion to int*
+and *bitwise logical operations always return an unsigned of the wider type.*
+
+### Members
+
+The unary negation, increment, and decrement operators are supported, along
+with the following unary arithmetic methods, which return a new
+`CheckedNumeric` as a result of the operation:
+
+*   `Abs()` - Absolute value.
+*   `UnsignedAbs()` - Absolute value as an equal-width unsigned underlying type
+    (valid for only integral types).
+*   `Max()` - Returns whichever is greater of the current instance or argument.
+    The underlying return type is whichever has the greatest magnitude.
+*   `Min()` - Returns whichever is lowest of the current instance or argument.
+    The underlying return type is whichever has can represent the lowest
+    number in the smallest width (e.g. int8_t over unsigned, int over
+    int8_t, and float over int).
+
+The following are for converting `CheckedNumeric` instances:
+
+*   `type` - The underlying numeric type.
+*   `AssignIfValid()` - Assigns the underlying value to the supplied
+    destination pointer if the value is currently valid and within the
+    range supported by the destination type. Returns true on success.
+*   `Cast<>()` - Instance method returning a `CheckedNumeric` derived from
+    casting the current instance to a `CheckedNumeric` of the supplied
+    destination type.
+
+*** aside
+The following member functions return a `StrictNumeric`, which is valid for
+comparison and assignment operations, but will trigger a compile failure on
+attempts to assign to a type of insufficient range. The underlying value can
+be extracted by an explicit `static_cast` to the underlying type or any type
+with sufficient range to represent the underlying type.
+***
+
+*   `IsValid()` - Returns true if the underlying numeric value is valid (i.e.
+    has not wrapped or saturated and is not the result of an invalid
+    conversion).
+*   `ValueOrDie()` - Returns the underlying value. If the state is not valid
+    this call will trigger a crash by default (but may be overridden by
+    supplying an alternate handler to the template).
+*   `ValueOrDefault()` - Returns the current value, or the supplied default if
+    the state is not valid (but will not crash).
+
+**Comparison operators are explicitly not provided** for `CheckedNumeric`
+types because they could result in a crash if the type is not in a valid state.
+Patterns like the following should be used instead:
+
+```cpp
+// Either input or padding (or both) may be arbitrary sizes.
+size_t buff_size;
+if (!CheckAdd(input, padding, kHeaderLength).AssignIfValid(&buff_size) ||
+     buff_size >= kMaxBuffer) {
+  // Handle an error...
+} else {
+  // Do stuff on success...
+}
+```
+
+### Non-member helper functions
+
+The following variadic convenience functions, which accept standard arithmetic
+or `CheckedNumeric` types, perform arithmetic operations, and return a
+`CheckedNumeric` result. The supported functions are:
+
+*   `CheckAdd()` - Addition.
+*   `CheckSub()` - Subtraction.
+*   `CheckMul()` - Multiplication.
+*   `CheckDiv()` - Division.
+*   `CheckMod()` - Modulus (integer only).
+*   `CheckLsh()` - Left integer shift (integer only).
+*   `CheckRsh()` - Right integer shift (integer only).
+*   `CheckAnd()` - Bitwise AND (integer only with unsigned result).
+*   `CheckOr()`  - Bitwise OR (integer only with unsigned result).
+*   `CheckXor()` - Bitwise XOR (integer only with unsigned result).
+*   `CheckMax()` - Maximum of supplied arguments.
+*   `CheckMin()` - Minimum of supplied arguments.
+
+The following wrapper functions can be used to avoid the template
+disambiguator syntax when converting a destination type.
+
+*   `IsValidForType<>()` in place of: `a.template IsValid<>()`
+*   `ValueOrDieForType<>()` in place of: `a.template ValueOrDie<>()`
+*   `ValueOrDefaultForType<>()` in place of: `a.template ValueOrDefault<>()`
+
+The following general utility methods is are useful for converting from
+arithmetic types to `CheckedNumeric` types:
+
+*   `MakeCheckedNum()` - Creates a new `CheckedNumeric` from the underlying type
+    of the supplied arithmetic or directly convertible type.
+
+## ClampedNumeric<> in clamped_math.h
+
+`ClampedNumeric<>` implements all the logic and operators for clamped
+(non-sticky saturating) arithmetic operations and conversions. The
+`ClampedNumeric` type implicitly converts back and forth between floating point
+and integer data types, saturating on assignment as appropriate. It contains
+overloads for basic arithmetic operations (i.e.: `+`, `-`, `*`, `/` for
+all types and `%`, `<<`, `>>`, `&`, `|`, `^` for integers) along with comparison
+operators for arithmetic types of any size. However, *the [variadic template
+functions
+](#ClampedNumeric_in-clamped_math_h-Non_member-helper-functions)
+are the prefered API,* as they remove type ambiguities and help prevent
+a number of common errors. The variadic functions can also be more performant,
+as they eliminate redundant expressions that are unavoidable with the operator
+overloads. (Ideally the compiler should optimize those away, but better to avoid
+them in the first place.)
+
+Type promotions are a slightly modified version of the [standard C/C++ numeric
+promotions
+](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/implicit_conversion#Numeric_promotions)
+with the two differences being that *there is no default promotion to int*
+and *bitwise logical operations always return an unsigned of the wider type.*
+
+*** aside
+Most arithmetic operations saturate normally, to the numeric limit in the
+direction of the sign. The potentially unusual cases are:
+
+*   **Division:** Division by zero returns the saturated limit in the direction
+    of sign of the dividend (first argument). The one exception is 0/0, which
+	returns zero (although logically is NaN).
+*   **Modulus:** Division by zero returns the dividend (first argument).
+*   **Left shift:** Non-zero values saturate in the direction of the signed
+    limit (max/min), even for shifts larger than the bit width. 0 shifted any
+    amount results in 0.
+*   **Right shift:** Negative values saturate to -1. Positive or 0 saturates
+    to 0. (Effectively just an unbounded arithmetic-right-shift.)
+*   **Bitwise operations:** No saturation; bit pattern is identical to
+    non-saturated bitwise operations.
+***
+
+### Members
+
+The unary negation, increment, and decrement operators are supported, along
+with the following unary arithmetic methods, which return a new
+`ClampedNumeric` as a result of the operation:
+
+*   `Abs()` - Absolute value.
+*   `UnsignedAbs()` - Absolute value as an equal-width unsigned underlying type
+    (valid for only integral types).
+*   `Max()` - Returns whichever is greater of the current instance or argument.
+    The underlying return type is whichever has the greatest magnitude.
+*   `Min()` - Returns whichever is lowest of the current instance or argument.
+    The underlying return type is whichever has can represent the lowest
+    number in the smallest width (e.g. int8_t over unsigned, int over
+    int8_t, and float over int).
+
+The following are for converting `ClampedNumeric` instances:
+
+*   `type` - The underlying numeric type.
+*   `RawValue()` - Returns the raw value as the underlying arithmetic type. This
+    is useful when e.g. assigning to an auto type or passing as a deduced
+    template parameter.
+*   `Cast<>()` - Instance method returning a `ClampedNumeric` derived from
+    casting the current instance to a `ClampedNumeric` of the supplied
+    destination type.
+
+### Non-member helper functions
+
+The following variadic convenience functions, which accept standard arithmetic
+or `ClampedNumeric` types, perform arithmetic operations, and return a
+`ClampedNumeric` result. The supported functions are:
+
+*   `ClampAdd()` - Addition.
+*   `ClampSub()` - Subtraction.
+*   `ClampMul()` - Multiplication.
+*   `ClampDiv()` - Division.
+*   `ClampMod()` - Modulus (integer only).
+*   `ClampLsh()` - Left integer shift (integer only).
+*   `ClampRsh()` - Right integer shift (integer only).
+*   `ClampAnd()` - Bitwise AND (integer only with unsigned result).
+*   `ClampOr()`  - Bitwise OR (integer only with unsigned result).
+*   `ClampXor()` - Bitwise XOR (integer only with unsigned result).
+*   `ClampMax()` - Maximum of supplied arguments.
+*   `ClampMin()` - Minimum of supplied arguments.
+
+The following is a general utility method that is useful for converting
+to a `ClampedNumeric` type:
+
+*   `MakeClampedNum()` - Creates a new `ClampedNumeric` from the underlying type
+    of the supplied arithmetic or directly convertible type.

dep/chromium/base/numerics/checked_math.h

@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_CHECKED_MATH_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_CHECKED_MATH_H_
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "base/numerics/checked_math_impl.h"
+
+namespace base {
+namespace internal {
+
+template <typename T>
+class CheckedNumeric {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<T>::value,
+                "CheckedNumeric<T>: T must be a numeric type.");
+
+ public:
+  using type = T;
+
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric() = default;
+
+  // Copy constructor.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric(const CheckedNumeric<Src>& rhs)
+      : state_(rhs.state_.value(), rhs.IsValid()) {}
+
+  template <typename Src>
+  friend class CheckedNumeric;
+
+  // This is not an explicit constructor because we implicitly upgrade regular
+  // numerics to CheckedNumerics to make them easier to use.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric(Src value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : state_(value) {
+    static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<Src>::value, "Argument must be numeric.");
+  }
+
+  // This is not an explicit constructor because we want a seamless conversion
+  // from StrictNumeric types.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric(
+      StrictNumeric<Src> value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : state_(static_cast<Src>(value)) {}
+
+  // IsValid() - The public API to test if a CheckedNumeric is currently valid.
+  // A range checked destination type can be supplied using the Dst template
+  // parameter.
+  template <typename Dst = T>
+  constexpr bool IsValid() const {
+    return state_.is_valid() &&
+           IsValueInRangeForNumericType<Dst>(state_.value());
+  }
+
+  // AssignIfValid(Dst) - Assigns the underlying value if it is currently valid
+  // and is within the range supported by the destination type. Returns true if
+  // successful and false otherwise.
+  template <typename Dst>
+#if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__)
+  __attribute__((warn_unused_result))
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+  _Check_return_
+#endif
+  constexpr bool
+  AssignIfValid(Dst* result) const {
+    return BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(IsValid<Dst>())
+               ? ((*result = static_cast<Dst>(state_.value())), true)
+               : false;
+  }
+
+  // ValueOrDie() - The primary accessor for the underlying value. If the
+  // current state is not valid it will CHECK and crash.
+  // A range checked destination type can be supplied using the Dst template
+  // parameter, which will trigger a CHECK if the value is not in bounds for
+  // the destination.
+  // The CHECK behavior can be overridden by supplying a handler as a
+  // template parameter, for test code, etc. However, the handler cannot access
+  // the underlying value, and it is not available through other means.
+  template <typename Dst = T, class CheckHandler = CheckOnFailure>
+  constexpr StrictNumeric<Dst> ValueOrDie() const {
+    return BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(IsValid<Dst>())
+               ? static_cast<Dst>(state_.value())
+               : CheckHandler::template HandleFailure<Dst>();
+  }
+
+  // ValueOrDefault(T default_value) - A convenience method that returns the
+  // current value if the state is valid, and the supplied default_value for
+  // any other state.
+  // A range checked destination type can be supplied using the Dst template
+  // parameter. WARNING: This function may fail to compile or CHECK at runtime
+  // if the supplied default_value is not within range of the destination type.
+  template <typename Dst = T, typename Src>
+  constexpr StrictNumeric<Dst> ValueOrDefault(const Src default_value) const {
+    return BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(IsValid<Dst>())
+               ? static_cast<Dst>(state_.value())
+               : checked_cast<Dst>(default_value);
+  }
+
+  // Returns a checked numeric of the specified type, cast from the current
+  // CheckedNumeric. If the current state is invalid or the destination cannot
+  // represent the result then the returned CheckedNumeric will be invalid.
+  template <typename Dst>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric<typename UnderlyingType<Dst>::type> Cast() const {
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  // This friend method is available solely for providing more detailed logging
+  // in the the tests. Do not implement it in production code, because the
+  // underlying values may change at any time.
+  template <typename U>
+  friend U GetNumericValueForTest(const CheckedNumeric<U>& src);
+
+  // Prototypes for the supported arithmetic operator overloads.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator+=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator-=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator*=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator/=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator%=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator<<=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator>>=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator&=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator|=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator^=(const Src rhs);
+
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric operator-() const {
+    // The negation of two's complement int min is int min, so we simply
+    // check for that in the constexpr case.
+    // We use an optimized code path for a known run-time variable.
+    return MustTreatAsConstexpr(state_.value()) || !std::is_signed<T>::value ||
+                   std::is_floating_point<T>::value
+               ? CheckedNumeric<T>(
+                     NegateWrapper(state_.value()),
+                     IsValid() && (!std::is_signed<T>::value ||
+                                   std::is_floating_point<T>::value ||
+                                   NegateWrapper(state_.value()) !=
+                                       std::numeric_limits<T>::lowest()))
+               : FastRuntimeNegate();
+  }
+
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric operator~() const {
+    return CheckedNumeric<decltype(InvertWrapper(T()))>(
+        InvertWrapper(state_.value()), IsValid());
+  }
+
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric Abs() const {
+    return !IsValueNegative(state_.value()) ? *this : -*this;
+  }
+
+  template <typename U>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric<typename MathWrapper<CheckedMaxOp, T, U>::type> Max(
+      const U rhs) const {
+    using R = typename UnderlyingType<U>::type;
+    using result_type = typename MathWrapper<CheckedMaxOp, T, U>::type;
+    // TODO(jschuh): This can be converted to the MathOp version and remain
+    // constexpr once we have C++14 support.
+    return CheckedNumeric<result_type>(
+        static_cast<result_type>(
+            IsGreater<T, R>::Test(state_.value(), Wrapper<U>::value(rhs))
+                ? state_.value()
+                : Wrapper<U>::value(rhs)),
+        state_.is_valid() && Wrapper<U>::is_valid(rhs));
+  }
+
+  template <typename U>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric<typename MathWrapper<CheckedMinOp, T, U>::type> Min(
+      const U rhs) const {
+    using R = typename UnderlyingType<U>::type;
+    using result_type = typename MathWrapper<CheckedMinOp, T, U>::type;
+    // TODO(jschuh): This can be converted to the MathOp version and remain
+    // constexpr once we have C++14 support.
+    return CheckedNumeric<result_type>(
+        static_cast<result_type>(
+            IsLess<T, R>::Test(state_.value(), Wrapper<U>::value(rhs))
+                ? state_.value()
+                : Wrapper<U>::value(rhs)),
+        state_.is_valid() && Wrapper<U>::is_valid(rhs));
+  }
+
+  // This function is available only for integral types. It returns an unsigned
+  // integer of the same width as the source type, containing the absolute value
+  // of the source, and properly handling signed min.
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric<typename UnsignedOrFloatForSize<T>::type>
+  UnsignedAbs() const {
+    return CheckedNumeric<typename UnsignedOrFloatForSize<T>::type>(
+        SafeUnsignedAbs(state_.value()), state_.is_valid());
+  }
+
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator++() {
+    *this += 1;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric operator++(int) {
+    CheckedNumeric value = *this;
+    *this += 1;
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& operator--() {
+    *this -= 1;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric operator--(int) {
+    CheckedNumeric value = *this;
+    *this -= 1;
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  // These perform the actual math operations on the CheckedNumerics.
+  // Binary arithmetic operations.
+  template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M,
+            typename L,
+            typename R>
+  static constexpr CheckedNumeric MathOp(const L lhs, const R rhs) {
+    using Math = typename MathWrapper<M, L, R>::math;
+    T result = 0;
+    bool is_valid =
+        Wrapper<L>::is_valid(lhs) && Wrapper<R>::is_valid(rhs) &&
+        Math::Do(Wrapper<L>::value(lhs), Wrapper<R>::value(rhs), &result);
+    return CheckedNumeric<T>(result, is_valid);
+  }
+
+  // Assignment arithmetic operations.
+  template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M, typename R>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric& MathOp(const R rhs) {
+    using Math = typename MathWrapper<M, T, R>::math;
+    T result = 0;  // Using T as the destination saves a range check.
+    bool is_valid = state_.is_valid() && Wrapper<R>::is_valid(rhs) &&
+                    Math::Do(state_.value(), Wrapper<R>::value(rhs), &result);
+    *this = CheckedNumeric<T>(result, is_valid);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  CheckedNumericState<T> state_;
+
+  CheckedNumeric FastRuntimeNegate() const {
+    T result;
+    bool success = CheckedSubOp<T, T>::Do(T(0), state_.value(), &result);
+    return CheckedNumeric<T>(result, IsValid() && success);
+  }
+
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumeric(Src value, bool is_valid)
+      : state_(value, is_valid) {}
+
+  // These wrappers allow us to handle state the same way for both
+  // CheckedNumeric and POD arithmetic types.
+  template <typename Src>
+  struct Wrapper {
+    static constexpr bool is_valid(Src) { return true; }
+    static constexpr Src value(Src value) { return value; }
+  };
+
+  template <typename Src>
+  struct Wrapper<CheckedNumeric<Src>> {
+    static constexpr bool is_valid(const CheckedNumeric<Src> v) {
+      return v.IsValid();
+    }
+    static constexpr Src value(const CheckedNumeric<Src> v) {
+      return v.state_.value();
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <typename Src>
+  struct Wrapper<StrictNumeric<Src>> {
+    static constexpr bool is_valid(const StrictNumeric<Src>) { return true; }
+    static constexpr Src value(const StrictNumeric<Src> v) {
+      return static_cast<Src>(v);
+    }
+  };
+};
+
+// Convenience functions to avoid the ugly template disambiguator syntax.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+constexpr bool IsValidForType(const CheckedNumeric<Src> value) {
+  return value.template IsValid<Dst>();
+}
+
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+constexpr StrictNumeric<Dst> ValueOrDieForType(
+    const CheckedNumeric<Src> value) {
+  return value.template ValueOrDie<Dst>();
+}
+
+template <typename Dst, typename Src, typename Default>
+constexpr StrictNumeric<Dst> ValueOrDefaultForType(
+    const CheckedNumeric<Src> value,
+    const Default default_value) {
+  return value.template ValueOrDefault<Dst>(default_value);
+}
+
+// Convience wrapper to return a new CheckedNumeric from the provided arithmetic
+// or CheckedNumericType.
+template <typename T>
+constexpr CheckedNumeric<typename UnderlyingType<T>::type> MakeCheckedNum(
+    const T value) {
+  return value;
+}
+
+// These implement the variadic wrapper for the math operations.
+template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M,
+          typename L,
+          typename R>
+constexpr CheckedNumeric<typename MathWrapper<M, L, R>::type> CheckMathOp(
+    const L lhs,
+    const R rhs) {
+  using Math = typename MathWrapper<M, L, R>::math;
+  return CheckedNumeric<typename Math::result_type>::template MathOp<M>(lhs,
+                                                                        rhs);
+}
+
+// General purpose wrapper template for arithmetic operations.
+template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M,
+          typename L,
+          typename R,
+          typename... Args>
+constexpr CheckedNumeric<typename ResultType<M, L, R, Args...>::type>
+CheckMathOp(const L lhs, const R rhs, const Args... args) {
+  return CheckMathOp<M>(CheckMathOp<M>(lhs, rhs), args...);
+}
+
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Checked, Check, Add, +, +=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Checked, Check, Sub, -, -=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Checked, Check, Mul, *, *=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Checked, Check, Div, /, /=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Checked, Check, Mod, %, %=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Checked, Check, Lsh, <<, <<=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Checked, Check, Rsh, >>, >>=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Checked, Check, And, &, &=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Checked, Check, Or, |, |=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Checked, Check, Xor, ^, ^=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_VARIADIC(Checked, Check, Max)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_VARIADIC(Checked, Check, Min)
+
+// These are some extra StrictNumeric operators to support simple pointer
+// arithmetic with our result types. Since wrapping on a pointer is always
+// bad, we trigger the CHECK condition here.
+template <typename L, typename R>
+L* operator+(L* lhs, const StrictNumeric<R> rhs) {
+  uintptr_t result = CheckAdd(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(lhs),
+                              CheckMul(sizeof(L), static_cast<R>(rhs)))
+                         .template ValueOrDie<uintptr_t>();
+  return reinterpret_cast<L*>(result);
+}
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+L* operator-(L* lhs, const StrictNumeric<R> rhs) {
+  uintptr_t result = CheckSub(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(lhs),
+                              CheckMul(sizeof(L), static_cast<R>(rhs)))
+                         .template ValueOrDie<uintptr_t>();
+  return reinterpret_cast<L*>(result);
+}
+
+}  // namespace internal
+
+using internal::CheckedNumeric;
+using internal::IsValidForType;
+using internal::ValueOrDieForType;
+using internal::ValueOrDefaultForType;
+using internal::MakeCheckedNum;
+using internal::CheckMax;
+using internal::CheckMin;
+using internal::CheckAdd;
+using internal::CheckSub;
+using internal::CheckMul;
+using internal::CheckDiv;
+using internal::CheckMod;
+using internal::CheckLsh;
+using internal::CheckRsh;
+using internal::CheckAnd;
+using internal::CheckOr;
+using internal::CheckXor;
+
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_CHECKED_MATH_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/checked_math_impl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_CHECKED_MATH_IMPL_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_CHECKED_MATH_IMPL_H_
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include <climits>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "base/numerics/safe_conversions.h"
+#include "base/numerics/safe_math_shared_impl.h"
+
+namespace base {
+namespace internal {
+
+template <typename T>
+constexpr bool CheckedAddImpl(T x, T y, T* result) {
+  static_assert(std::is_integral<T>::value, "Type must be integral");
+  // Since the value of x+y is undefined if we have a signed type, we compute
+  // it using the unsigned type of the same size.
+  using UnsignedDst = typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+  using SignedDst = typename std::make_signed<T>::type;
+  UnsignedDst ux = static_cast<UnsignedDst>(x);
+  UnsignedDst uy = static_cast<UnsignedDst>(y);
+  UnsignedDst uresult = static_cast<UnsignedDst>(ux + uy);
+  *result = static_cast<T>(uresult);
+  // Addition is valid if the sign of (x + y) is equal to either that of x or
+  // that of y.
+  return (std::is_signed<T>::value)
+             ? static_cast<SignedDst>((uresult ^ ux) & (uresult ^ uy)) >= 0
+             : uresult >= uy;  // Unsigned is either valid or underflow.
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedAddOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedAddOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    // TODO(jschuh) Make this "constexpr if" once we're C++17.
+    if (CheckedAddFastOp<T, U>::is_supported)
+      return CheckedAddFastOp<T, U>::Do(x, y, result);
+
+    // Double the underlying type up to a full machine word.
+    using FastPromotion = typename FastIntegerArithmeticPromotion<T, U>::type;
+    using Promotion =
+        typename std::conditional<(IntegerBitsPlusSign<FastPromotion>::value >
+                                   IntegerBitsPlusSign<intptr_t>::value),
+                                  typename BigEnoughPromotion<T, U>::type,
+                                  FastPromotion>::type;
+    // Fail if either operand is out of range for the promoted type.
+    // TODO(jschuh): This could be made to work for a broader range of values.
+    if (BASE_NUMERICS_UNLIKELY(!IsValueInRangeForNumericType<Promotion>(x) ||
+                               !IsValueInRangeForNumericType<Promotion>(y))) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    Promotion presult = {};
+    bool is_valid = true;
+    if (IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<Promotion, T, U>::value) {
+      presult = static_cast<Promotion>(x) + static_cast<Promotion>(y);
+    } else {
+      is_valid = CheckedAddImpl(static_cast<Promotion>(x),
+                                static_cast<Promotion>(y), &presult);
+    }
+    *result = static_cast<V>(presult);
+    return is_valid && IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(presult);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+constexpr bool CheckedSubImpl(T x, T y, T* result) {
+  static_assert(std::is_integral<T>::value, "Type must be integral");
+  // Since the value of x+y is undefined if we have a signed type, we compute
+  // it using the unsigned type of the same size.
+  using UnsignedDst = typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+  using SignedDst = typename std::make_signed<T>::type;
+  UnsignedDst ux = static_cast<UnsignedDst>(x);
+  UnsignedDst uy = static_cast<UnsignedDst>(y);
+  UnsignedDst uresult = static_cast<UnsignedDst>(ux - uy);
+  *result = static_cast<T>(uresult);
+  // Subtraction is valid if either x and y have same sign, or (x-y) and x have
+  // the same sign.
+  return (std::is_signed<T>::value)
+             ? static_cast<SignedDst>((uresult ^ ux) & (ux ^ uy)) >= 0
+             : x >= y;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedSubOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedSubOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    // TODO(jschuh) Make this "constexpr if" once we're C++17.
+    if (CheckedSubFastOp<T, U>::is_supported)
+      return CheckedSubFastOp<T, U>::Do(x, y, result);
+
+    // Double the underlying type up to a full machine word.
+    using FastPromotion = typename FastIntegerArithmeticPromotion<T, U>::type;
+    using Promotion =
+        typename std::conditional<(IntegerBitsPlusSign<FastPromotion>::value >
+                                   IntegerBitsPlusSign<intptr_t>::value),
+                                  typename BigEnoughPromotion<T, U>::type,
+                                  FastPromotion>::type;
+    // Fail if either operand is out of range for the promoted type.
+    // TODO(jschuh): This could be made to work for a broader range of values.
+    if (BASE_NUMERICS_UNLIKELY(!IsValueInRangeForNumericType<Promotion>(x) ||
+                               !IsValueInRangeForNumericType<Promotion>(y))) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    Promotion presult = {};
+    bool is_valid = true;
+    if (IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<Promotion, T, U>::value) {
+      presult = static_cast<Promotion>(x) - static_cast<Promotion>(y);
+    } else {
+      is_valid = CheckedSubImpl(static_cast<Promotion>(x),
+                                static_cast<Promotion>(y), &presult);
+    }
+    *result = static_cast<V>(presult);
+    return is_valid && IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(presult);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+constexpr bool CheckedMulImpl(T x, T y, T* result) {
+  static_assert(std::is_integral<T>::value, "Type must be integral");
+  // Since the value of x*y is potentially undefined if we have a signed type,
+  // we compute it using the unsigned type of the same size.
+  using UnsignedDst = typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+  using SignedDst = typename std::make_signed<T>::type;
+  const UnsignedDst ux = SafeUnsignedAbs(x);
+  const UnsignedDst uy = SafeUnsignedAbs(y);
+  UnsignedDst uresult = static_cast<UnsignedDst>(ux * uy);
+  const bool is_negative =
+      std::is_signed<T>::value && static_cast<SignedDst>(x ^ y) < 0;
+  *result = is_negative ? 0 - uresult : uresult;
+  // We have a fast out for unsigned identity or zero on the second operand.
+  // After that it's an unsigned overflow check on the absolute value, with
+  // a +1 bound for a negative result.
+  return uy <= UnsignedDst(!std::is_signed<T>::value || is_negative) ||
+         ux <= (std::numeric_limits<T>::max() + UnsignedDst(is_negative)) / uy;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedMulOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedMulOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    // TODO(jschuh) Make this "constexpr if" once we're C++17.
+    if (CheckedMulFastOp<T, U>::is_supported)
+      return CheckedMulFastOp<T, U>::Do(x, y, result);
+
+    using Promotion = typename FastIntegerArithmeticPromotion<T, U>::type;
+    // Verify the destination type can hold the result (always true for 0).
+    if (BASE_NUMERICS_UNLIKELY((!IsValueInRangeForNumericType<Promotion>(x) ||
+                                !IsValueInRangeForNumericType<Promotion>(y)) &&
+                               x && y)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    Promotion presult = {};
+    bool is_valid = true;
+    if (CheckedMulFastOp<Promotion, Promotion>::is_supported) {
+      // The fast op may be available with the promoted type.
+      is_valid = CheckedMulFastOp<Promotion, Promotion>::Do(x, y, &presult);
+    } else if (IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<Promotion, T, U>::value) {
+      presult = static_cast<Promotion>(x) * static_cast<Promotion>(y);
+    } else {
+      is_valid = CheckedMulImpl(static_cast<Promotion>(x),
+                                static_cast<Promotion>(y), &presult);
+    }
+    *result = static_cast<V>(presult);
+    return is_valid && IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(presult);
+  }
+};
+
+// Division just requires a check for a zero denominator or an invalid negation
+// on signed min/-1.
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedDivOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedDivOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    if (BASE_NUMERICS_UNLIKELY(!y))
+      return false;
+
+    // The overflow check can be compiled away if we don't have the exact
+    // combination of types needed to trigger this case.
+    using Promotion = typename BigEnoughPromotion<T, U>::type;
+    if (BASE_NUMERICS_UNLIKELY(
+            (std::is_signed<T>::value && std::is_signed<U>::value &&
+             IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<T, Promotion>::value &&
+             static_cast<Promotion>(x) ==
+                 std::numeric_limits<Promotion>::lowest() &&
+             y == static_cast<U>(-1)))) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    // This branch always compiles away if the above branch wasn't removed.
+    if (BASE_NUMERICS_UNLIKELY((!IsValueInRangeForNumericType<Promotion>(x) ||
+                                !IsValueInRangeForNumericType<Promotion>(y)) &&
+                               x)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    Promotion presult = Promotion(x) / Promotion(y);
+    *result = static_cast<V>(presult);
+    return IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(presult);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedModOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedModOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    using Promotion = typename BigEnoughPromotion<T, U>::type;
+    if (BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(y)) {
+      Promotion presult = static_cast<Promotion>(x) % static_cast<Promotion>(y);
+      *result = static_cast<Promotion>(presult);
+      return IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(presult);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedLshOp {};
+
+// Left shift. Shifts less than 0 or greater than or equal to the number
+// of bits in the promoted type are undefined. Shifts of negative values
+// are undefined. Otherwise it is defined when the result fits.
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedLshOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = T;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T x, U shift, V* result) {
+    // Disallow negative numbers and verify the shift is in bounds.
+    if (BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(!IsValueNegative(x) &&
+                             as_unsigned(shift) <
+                                 as_unsigned(std::numeric_limits<T>::digits))) {
+      // Shift as unsigned to avoid undefined behavior.
+      *result = static_cast<V>(as_unsigned(x) << shift);
+      // If the shift can be reversed, we know it was valid.
+      return *result >> shift == x;
+    }
+
+    // Handle the legal corner-case of a full-width signed shift of zero.
+    return std::is_signed<T>::value && !x &&
+           as_unsigned(shift) == as_unsigned(std::numeric_limits<T>::digits);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedRshOp {};
+
+// Right shift. Shifts less than 0 or greater than or equal to the number
+// of bits in the promoted type are undefined. Otherwise, it is always defined,
+// but a right shift of a negative value is implementation-dependent.
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedRshOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = T;
+  template <typename V>
+  static bool Do(T x, U shift, V* result) {
+    // Use the type conversion push negative values out of range.
+    if (BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(as_unsigned(shift) <
+                             IntegerBitsPlusSign<T>::value)) {
+      T tmp = x >> shift;
+      *result = static_cast<V>(tmp);
+      return IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(tmp);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedAndOp {};
+
+// For simplicity we support only unsigned integer results.
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedAndOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename std::make_unsigned<
+      typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    result_type tmp = static_cast<result_type>(x) & static_cast<result_type>(y);
+    *result = static_cast<V>(tmp);
+    return IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(tmp);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedOrOp {};
+
+// For simplicity we support only unsigned integers.
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedOrOp<T,
+                   U,
+                   typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                           std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename std::make_unsigned<
+      typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    result_type tmp = static_cast<result_type>(x) | static_cast<result_type>(y);
+    *result = static_cast<V>(tmp);
+    return IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(tmp);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedXorOp {};
+
+// For simplicity we support only unsigned integers.
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedXorOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename std::make_unsigned<
+      typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    result_type tmp = static_cast<result_type>(x) ^ static_cast<result_type>(y);
+    *result = static_cast<V>(tmp);
+    return IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(tmp);
+  }
+};
+
+// Max doesn't really need to be implemented this way because it can't fail,
+// but it makes the code much cleaner to use the MathOp wrappers.
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedMaxOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedMaxOp<
+    T,
+    U,
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_arithmetic<T>::value &&
+                            std::is_arithmetic<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    result_type tmp = IsGreater<T, U>::Test(x, y) ? static_cast<result_type>(x)
+                                                  : static_cast<result_type>(y);
+    *result = static_cast<V>(tmp);
+    return IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(tmp);
+  }
+};
+
+// Min doesn't really need to be implemented this way because it can't fail,
+// but it makes the code much cleaner to use the MathOp wrappers.
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct CheckedMinOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedMinOp<
+    T,
+    U,
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_arithmetic<T>::value &&
+                            std::is_arithmetic<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename LowestValuePromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    result_type tmp = IsLess<T, U>::Test(x, y) ? static_cast<result_type>(x)
+                                               : static_cast<result_type>(y);
+    *result = static_cast<V>(tmp);
+    return IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(tmp);
+  }
+};
+
+// This is just boilerplate that wraps the standard floating point arithmetic.
+// A macro isn't the nicest solution, but it beats rewriting these repeatedly.
+#define BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS(NAME, OP)                              \
+  template <typename T, typename U>                                      \
+  struct Checked##NAME##Op<                                              \
+      T, U,                                                              \
+      typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value ||        \
+                              std::is_floating_point<U>::value>::type> { \
+    using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;       \
+    template <typename V>                                                \
+    static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {                      \
+      using Promotion = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;       \
+      Promotion presult = x OP y;                                        \
+      *result = static_cast<V>(presult);                                 \
+      return IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(presult);                   \
+    }                                                                    \
+  };
+
+BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS(Add, +)
+BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS(Sub, -)
+BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS(Mul, *)
+BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS(Div, /)
+
+#undef BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS
+
+// Floats carry around their validity state with them, but integers do not. So,
+// we wrap the underlying value in a specialization in order to hide that detail
+// and expose an interface via accessors.
+enum NumericRepresentation {
+  NUMERIC_INTEGER,
+  NUMERIC_FLOATING,
+  NUMERIC_UNKNOWN
+};
+
+template <typename NumericType>
+struct GetNumericRepresentation {
+  static const NumericRepresentation value =
+      std::is_integral<NumericType>::value
+          ? NUMERIC_INTEGER
+          : (std::is_floating_point<NumericType>::value ? NUMERIC_FLOATING
+                                                        : NUMERIC_UNKNOWN);
+};
+
+template <typename T,
+          NumericRepresentation type = GetNumericRepresentation<T>::value>
+class CheckedNumericState {};
+
+// Integrals require quite a bit of additional housekeeping to manage state.
+template <typename T>
+class CheckedNumericState<T, NUMERIC_INTEGER> {
+ private:
+  // is_valid_ precedes value_ because member intializers in the constructors
+  // are evaluated in field order, and is_valid_ must be read when initializing
+  // value_.
+  bool is_valid_;
+  T value_;
+
+  // Ensures that a type conversion does not trigger undefined behavior.
+  template <typename Src>
+  static constexpr T WellDefinedConversionOrZero(const Src value,
+                                                 const bool is_valid) {
+    using SrcType = typename internal::UnderlyingType<Src>::type;
+    return (std::is_integral<SrcType>::value || is_valid)
+               ? static_cast<T>(value)
+               : static_cast<T>(0);
+  }
+
+ public:
+  template <typename Src, NumericRepresentation type>
+  friend class CheckedNumericState;
+
+  constexpr CheckedNumericState() : is_valid_(true), value_(0) {}
+
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumericState(Src value, bool is_valid)
+      : is_valid_(is_valid && IsValueInRangeForNumericType<T>(value)),
+        value_(WellDefinedConversionOrZero(value, is_valid_)) {
+    static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<Src>::value, "Argument must be numeric.");
+  }
+
+  // Copy constructor.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumericState(const CheckedNumericState<Src>& rhs)
+      : is_valid_(rhs.IsValid()),
+        value_(WellDefinedConversionOrZero(rhs.value(), is_valid_)) {}
+
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr explicit CheckedNumericState(Src value)
+      : is_valid_(IsValueInRangeForNumericType<T>(value)),
+        value_(WellDefinedConversionOrZero(value, is_valid_)) {}
+
+  constexpr bool is_valid() const { return is_valid_; }
+  constexpr T value() const { return value_; }
+};
+
+// Floating points maintain their own validity, but need translation wrappers.
+template <typename T>
+class CheckedNumericState<T, NUMERIC_FLOATING> {
+ private:
+  T value_;
+
+  // Ensures that a type conversion does not trigger undefined behavior.
+  template <typename Src>
+  static constexpr T WellDefinedConversionOrNaN(const Src value,
+                                                const bool is_valid) {
+    using SrcType = typename internal::UnderlyingType<Src>::type;
+    return (StaticDstRangeRelationToSrcRange<T, SrcType>::value ==
+                NUMERIC_RANGE_CONTAINED ||
+            is_valid)
+               ? static_cast<T>(value)
+               : std::numeric_limits<T>::quiet_NaN();
+  }
+
+ public:
+  template <typename Src, NumericRepresentation type>
+  friend class CheckedNumericState;
+
+  constexpr CheckedNumericState() : value_(0.0) {}
+
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumericState(Src value, bool is_valid)
+      : value_(WellDefinedConversionOrNaN(value, is_valid)) {}
+
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr explicit CheckedNumericState(Src value)
+      : value_(WellDefinedConversionOrNaN(
+            value,
+            IsValueInRangeForNumericType<T>(value))) {}
+
+  // Copy constructor.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr CheckedNumericState(const CheckedNumericState<Src>& rhs)
+      : value_(WellDefinedConversionOrNaN(
+            rhs.value(),
+            rhs.is_valid() && IsValueInRangeForNumericType<T>(rhs.value()))) {}
+
+  constexpr bool is_valid() const {
+    // Written this way because std::isfinite is not reliably constexpr.
+    return MustTreatAsConstexpr(value_)
+               ? value_ <= std::numeric_limits<T>::max() &&
+                     value_ >= std::numeric_limits<T>::lowest()
+               : std::isfinite(value_);
+  }
+  constexpr T value() const { return value_; }
+};
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_CHECKED_MATH_IMPL_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/clamped_math.h

@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_CLAMPED_MATH_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_CLAMPED_MATH_H_
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "base/numerics/clamped_math_impl.h"
+
+namespace base {
+namespace internal {
+
+template <typename T>
+class ClampedNumeric {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<T>::value,
+                "ClampedNumeric<T>: T must be a numeric type.");
+
+ public:
+  using type = T;
+
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric() : value_(0) {}
+
+  // Copy constructor.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric(const ClampedNumeric<Src>& rhs)
+      : value_(saturated_cast<T>(rhs.value_)) {}
+
+  template <typename Src>
+  friend class ClampedNumeric;
+
+  // This is not an explicit constructor because we implicitly upgrade regular
+  // numerics to ClampedNumerics to make them easier to use.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric(Src value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : value_(saturated_cast<T>(value)) {
+    static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<Src>::value, "Argument must be numeric.");
+  }
+
+  // This is not an explicit constructor because we want a seamless conversion
+  // from StrictNumeric types.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric(
+      StrictNumeric<Src> value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : value_(saturated_cast<T>(static_cast<Src>(value))) {}
+
+  // Returns a ClampedNumeric of the specified type, cast from the current
+  // ClampedNumeric, and saturated to the destination type.
+  template <typename Dst>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric<typename UnderlyingType<Dst>::type> Cast() const {
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  // Prototypes for the supported arithmetic operator overloads.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator+=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator-=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator*=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator/=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator%=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator<<=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator>>=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator&=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator|=(const Src rhs);
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator^=(const Src rhs);
+
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric operator-() const {
+    // The negation of two's complement int min is int min, so that's the
+    // only overflow case where we will saturate.
+    return ClampedNumeric<T>(SaturatedNegWrapper(value_));
+  }
+
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric operator~() const {
+    return ClampedNumeric<decltype(InvertWrapper(T()))>(InvertWrapper(value_));
+  }
+
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric Abs() const {
+    // The negation of two's complement int min is int min, so that's the
+    // only overflow case where we will saturate.
+    return ClampedNumeric<T>(SaturatedAbsWrapper(value_));
+  }
+
+  template <typename U>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric<typename MathWrapper<ClampedMaxOp, T, U>::type> Max(
+      const U rhs) const {
+    using result_type = typename MathWrapper<ClampedMaxOp, T, U>::type;
+    return ClampedNumeric<result_type>(
+        ClampedMaxOp<T, U>::Do(value_, Wrapper<U>::value(rhs)));
+  }
+
+  template <typename U>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric<typename MathWrapper<ClampedMinOp, T, U>::type> Min(
+      const U rhs) const {
+    using result_type = typename MathWrapper<ClampedMinOp, T, U>::type;
+    return ClampedNumeric<result_type>(
+        ClampedMinOp<T, U>::Do(value_, Wrapper<U>::value(rhs)));
+  }
+
+  // This function is available only for integral types. It returns an unsigned
+  // integer of the same width as the source type, containing the absolute value
+  // of the source, and properly handling signed min.
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric<typename UnsignedOrFloatForSize<T>::type>
+  UnsignedAbs() const {
+    return ClampedNumeric<typename UnsignedOrFloatForSize<T>::type>(
+        SafeUnsignedAbs(value_));
+  }
+
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator++() {
+    *this += 1;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric operator++(int) {
+    ClampedNumeric value = *this;
+    *this += 1;
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& operator--() {
+    *this -= 1;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric operator--(int) {
+    ClampedNumeric value = *this;
+    *this -= 1;
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  // These perform the actual math operations on the ClampedNumerics.
+  // Binary arithmetic operations.
+  template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M,
+            typename L,
+            typename R>
+  static constexpr ClampedNumeric MathOp(const L lhs, const R rhs) {
+    using Math = typename MathWrapper<M, L, R>::math;
+    return ClampedNumeric<T>(
+        Math::template Do<T>(Wrapper<L>::value(lhs), Wrapper<R>::value(rhs)));
+  }
+
+  // Assignment arithmetic operations.
+  template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M, typename R>
+  constexpr ClampedNumeric& MathOp(const R rhs) {
+    using Math = typename MathWrapper<M, T, R>::math;
+    *this =
+        ClampedNumeric<T>(Math::template Do<T>(value_, Wrapper<R>::value(rhs)));
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  template <typename Dst>
+  constexpr operator Dst() const {
+    return saturated_cast<typename ArithmeticOrUnderlyingEnum<Dst>::type>(
+        value_);
+  }
+
+  // This method extracts the raw integer value without saturating it to the
+  // destination type as the conversion operator does. This is useful when
+  // e.g. assigning to an auto type or passing as a deduced template parameter.
+  constexpr T RawValue() const { return value_; }
+
+ private:
+  T value_;
+
+  // These wrappers allow us to handle state the same way for both
+  // ClampedNumeric and POD arithmetic types.
+  template <typename Src>
+  struct Wrapper {
+    static constexpr Src value(Src value) {
+      return static_cast<typename UnderlyingType<Src>::type>(value);
+    }
+  };
+};
+
+// Convience wrapper to return a new ClampedNumeric from the provided arithmetic
+// or ClampedNumericType.
+template <typename T>
+constexpr ClampedNumeric<typename UnderlyingType<T>::type> MakeClampedNum(
+    const T value) {
+  return value;
+}
+
+#if !BASE_NUMERICS_DISABLE_OSTREAM_OPERATORS
+// Overload the ostream output operator to make logging work nicely.
+template <typename T>
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const ClampedNumeric<T>& value) {
+  os << static_cast<T>(value);
+  return os;
+}
+#endif
+
+// These implement the variadic wrapper for the math operations.
+template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M,
+          typename L,
+          typename R>
+constexpr ClampedNumeric<typename MathWrapper<M, L, R>::type> ClampMathOp(
+    const L lhs,
+    const R rhs) {
+  using Math = typename MathWrapper<M, L, R>::math;
+  return ClampedNumeric<typename Math::result_type>::template MathOp<M>(lhs,
+                                                                        rhs);
+}
+
+// General purpose wrapper template for arithmetic operations.
+template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M,
+          typename L,
+          typename R,
+          typename... Args>
+constexpr ClampedNumeric<typename ResultType<M, L, R, Args...>::type>
+ClampMathOp(const L lhs, const R rhs, const Args... args) {
+  return ClampMathOp<M>(ClampMathOp<M>(lhs, rhs), args...);
+}
+
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Clamped, Clamp, Add, +, +=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Clamped, Clamp, Sub, -, -=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Clamped, Clamp, Mul, *, *=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Clamped, Clamp, Div, /, /=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Clamped, Clamp, Mod, %, %=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Clamped, Clamp, Lsh, <<, <<=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Clamped, Clamp, Rsh, >>, >>=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Clamped, Clamp, And, &, &=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Clamped, Clamp, Or, |, |=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Clamped, Clamp, Xor, ^, ^=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_VARIADIC(Clamped, Clamp, Max)
+BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_VARIADIC(Clamped, Clamp, Min)
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Clamped, IsLess, <)
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Clamped, IsLessOrEqual, <=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Clamped, IsGreater, >)
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Clamped, IsGreaterOrEqual, >=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Clamped, IsEqual, ==)
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Clamped, IsNotEqual, !=)
+
+}  // namespace internal
+
+using internal::ClampedNumeric;
+using internal::MakeClampedNum;
+using internal::ClampMax;
+using internal::ClampMin;
+using internal::ClampAdd;
+using internal::ClampSub;
+using internal::ClampMul;
+using internal::ClampDiv;
+using internal::ClampMod;
+using internal::ClampLsh;
+using internal::ClampRsh;
+using internal::ClampAnd;
+using internal::ClampOr;
+using internal::ClampXor;
+
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_CLAMPED_MATH_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/clamped_math_impl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_CLAMPED_MATH_IMPL_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_CLAMPED_MATH_IMPL_H_
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include <climits>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "base/numerics/checked_math.h"
+#include "base/numerics/safe_conversions.h"
+#include "base/numerics/safe_math_shared_impl.h"
+
+namespace base {
+namespace internal {
+
+template <typename T,
+          typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                  std::is_signed<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr T SaturatedNegWrapper(T value) {
+  return MustTreatAsConstexpr(value) || !ClampedNegFastOp<T>::is_supported
+             ? (NegateWrapper(value) != std::numeric_limits<T>::lowest()
+                    ? NegateWrapper(value)
+                    : std::numeric_limits<T>::max())
+             : ClampedNegFastOp<T>::Do(value);
+}
+
+template <typename T,
+          typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                  !std::is_signed<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr T SaturatedNegWrapper(T value) {
+  return T(0);
+}
+
+template <
+    typename T,
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr T SaturatedNegWrapper(T value) {
+  return -value;
+}
+
+template <typename T,
+          typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr T SaturatedAbsWrapper(T value) {
+  // The calculation below is a static identity for unsigned types, but for
+  // signed integer types it provides a non-branching, saturated absolute value.
+  // This works because SafeUnsignedAbs() returns an unsigned type, which can
+  // represent the absolute value of all negative numbers of an equal-width
+  // integer type. The call to IsValueNegative() then detects overflow in the
+  // special case of numeric_limits<T>::min(), by evaluating the bit pattern as
+  // a signed integer value. If it is the overflow case, we end up subtracting
+  // one from the unsigned result, thus saturating to numeric_limits<T>::max().
+  return static_cast<T>(SafeUnsignedAbs(value) -
+                        IsValueNegative<T>(SafeUnsignedAbs(value)));
+}
+
+template <
+    typename T,
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr T SaturatedAbsWrapper(T value) {
+  return value < 0 ? -value : value;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedAddOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedAddOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V = result_type>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U y) {
+    if (ClampedAddFastOp<T, U>::is_supported)
+      return ClampedAddFastOp<T, U>::template Do<V>(x, y);
+
+    static_assert(std::is_same<V, result_type>::value ||
+                      IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<U, V>::value,
+                  "The saturation result cannot be determined from the "
+                  "provided types.");
+    const V saturated = CommonMaxOrMin<V>(IsValueNegative(y));
+    V result = {};
+    return BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY((CheckedAddOp<T, U>::Do(x, y, &result)))
+               ? result
+               : saturated;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedSubOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedSubOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V = result_type>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U y) {
+    // TODO(jschuh) Make this "constexpr if" once we're C++17.
+    if (ClampedSubFastOp<T, U>::is_supported)
+      return ClampedSubFastOp<T, U>::template Do<V>(x, y);
+
+    static_assert(std::is_same<V, result_type>::value ||
+                      IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<U, V>::value,
+                  "The saturation result cannot be determined from the "
+                  "provided types.");
+    const V saturated = CommonMaxOrMin<V>(!IsValueNegative(y));
+    V result = {};
+    return BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY((CheckedSubOp<T, U>::Do(x, y, &result)))
+               ? result
+               : saturated;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedMulOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedMulOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V = result_type>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U y) {
+    // TODO(jschuh) Make this "constexpr if" once we're C++17.
+    if (ClampedMulFastOp<T, U>::is_supported)
+      return ClampedMulFastOp<T, U>::template Do<V>(x, y);
+
+    V result = {};
+    const V saturated =
+        CommonMaxOrMin<V>(IsValueNegative(x) ^ IsValueNegative(y));
+    return BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY((CheckedMulOp<T, U>::Do(x, y, &result)))
+               ? result
+               : saturated;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedDivOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedDivOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V = result_type>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U y) {
+    V result = {};
+    if (BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY((CheckedDivOp<T, U>::Do(x, y, &result))))
+      return result;
+    // Saturation goes to max, min, or NaN (if x is zero).
+    return x ? CommonMaxOrMin<V>(IsValueNegative(x) ^ IsValueNegative(y))
+             : SaturationDefaultLimits<V>::NaN();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedModOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedModOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V = result_type>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U y) {
+    V result = {};
+    return BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY((CheckedModOp<T, U>::Do(x, y, &result)))
+               ? result
+               : x;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedLshOp {};
+
+// Left shift. Non-zero values saturate in the direction of the sign. A zero
+// shifted by any value always results in zero.
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedLshOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = T;
+  template <typename V = result_type>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U shift) {
+    static_assert(!std::is_signed<U>::value, "Shift value must be unsigned.");
+    if (BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(shift < std::numeric_limits<T>::digits)) {
+      // Shift as unsigned to avoid undefined behavior.
+      V result = static_cast<V>(as_unsigned(x) << shift);
+      // If the shift can be reversed, we know it was valid.
+      if (BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(result >> shift == x))
+        return result;
+    }
+    return x ? CommonMaxOrMin<V>(IsValueNegative(x)) : 0;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedRshOp {};
+
+// Right shift. Negative values saturate to -1. Positive or 0 saturates to 0.
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedRshOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = T;
+  template <typename V = result_type>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U shift) {
+    static_assert(!std::is_signed<U>::value, "Shift value must be unsigned.");
+    // Signed right shift is odd, because it saturates to -1 or 0.
+    const V saturated = as_unsigned(V(0)) - IsValueNegative(x);
+    return BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(shift < IntegerBitsPlusSign<T>::value)
+               ? saturated_cast<V>(x >> shift)
+               : saturated;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedAndOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedAndOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename std::make_unsigned<
+      typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U y) {
+    return static_cast<result_type>(x) & static_cast<result_type>(y);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedOrOp {};
+
+// For simplicity we promote to unsigned integers.
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedOrOp<T,
+                   U,
+                   typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                           std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename std::make_unsigned<
+      typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U y) {
+    return static_cast<result_type>(x) | static_cast<result_type>(y);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedXorOp {};
+
+// For simplicity we support only unsigned integers.
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedXorOp<T,
+                    U,
+                    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                            std::is_integral<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename std::make_unsigned<
+      typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type>::type;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U y) {
+    return static_cast<result_type>(x) ^ static_cast<result_type>(y);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedMaxOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedMaxOp<
+    T,
+    U,
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_arithmetic<T>::value &&
+                            std::is_arithmetic<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V = result_type>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U y) {
+    return IsGreater<T, U>::Test(x, y) ? saturated_cast<V>(x)
+                                       : saturated_cast<V>(y);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U, class Enable = void>
+struct ClampedMinOp {};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedMinOp<
+    T,
+    U,
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_arithmetic<T>::value &&
+                            std::is_arithmetic<U>::value>::type> {
+  using result_type = typename LowestValuePromotion<T, U>::type;
+  template <typename V = result_type>
+  static constexpr V Do(T x, U y) {
+    return IsLess<T, U>::Test(x, y) ? saturated_cast<V>(x)
+                                    : saturated_cast<V>(y);
+  }
+};
+
+// This is just boilerplate that wraps the standard floating point arithmetic.
+// A macro isn't the nicest solution, but it beats rewriting these repeatedly.
+#define BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS(NAME, OP)                              \
+  template <typename T, typename U>                                      \
+  struct Clamped##NAME##Op<                                              \
+      T, U,                                                              \
+      typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value ||        \
+                              std::is_floating_point<U>::value>::type> { \
+    using result_type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<T, U>::type;       \
+    template <typename V = result_type>                                  \
+    static constexpr V Do(T x, U y) {                                    \
+      return saturated_cast<V>(x OP y);                                  \
+    }                                                                    \
+  };
+
+BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS(Add, +)
+BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS(Sub, -)
+BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS(Mul, *)
+BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS(Div, /)
+
+#undef BASE_FLOAT_ARITHMETIC_OPS
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_CLAMPED_MATH_IMPL_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/math_constants.h

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_MATH_CONSTANTS_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_MATH_CONSTANTS_H_
+
+namespace base {
+
+constexpr double kPiDouble = 3.14159265358979323846;
+constexpr float kPiFloat = 3.14159265358979323846f;
+
+// The mean acceleration due to gravity on Earth in m/s^2.
+constexpr double kMeanGravityDouble = 9.80665;
+constexpr float kMeanGravityFloat = 9.80665f;
+
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_MATH_CONSTANTS_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/ranges.h

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_RANGES_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_RANGES_H_
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cmath>
+
+namespace base {
+
+// To be replaced with std::clamp() from C++17, someday.
+template <class T>
+constexpr const T& ClampToRange(const T& value, const T& min, const T& max) {
+  return std::min(std::max(value, min), max);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+constexpr bool IsApproximatelyEqual(T lhs, T rhs, T tolerance) {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<T>::value, "Argument must be arithmetic");
+  return std::abs(rhs - lhs) <= tolerance;
+}
+
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_RANGES_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/safe_conversions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+// Copyright 2014 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_CONVERSIONS_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_CONVERSIONS_H_
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "base/numerics/safe_conversions_impl.h"
+
+#if !defined(__native_client__) && (defined(__ARMEL__) || defined(__arch64__))
+#include "base/numerics/safe_conversions_arm_impl.h"
+#define BASE_HAS_OPTIMIZED_SAFE_CONVERSIONS (1)
+#else
+#define BASE_HAS_OPTIMIZED_SAFE_CONVERSIONS (0)
+#endif
+
+#if !BASE_NUMERICS_DISABLE_OSTREAM_OPERATORS
+#include <ostream>
+#endif
+
+namespace base {
+namespace internal {
+
+#if !BASE_HAS_OPTIMIZED_SAFE_CONVERSIONS
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+struct SaturateFastAsmOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  static constexpr Dst Do(Src) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<Dst>();
+  }
+};
+#endif  // BASE_HAS_OPTIMIZED_SAFE_CONVERSIONS
+#undef BASE_HAS_OPTIMIZED_SAFE_CONVERSIONS
+
+// The following special case a few specific integer conversions where we can
+// eke out better performance than range checking.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src, typename Enable = void>
+struct IsValueInRangeFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  static constexpr bool Do(Src value) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<bool>();
+  }
+};
+
+// Signed to signed range comparison.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+struct IsValueInRangeFastOp<
+    Dst,
+    Src,
+    typename std::enable_if<
+        std::is_integral<Dst>::value && std::is_integral<Src>::value &&
+        std::is_signed<Dst>::value && std::is_signed<Src>::value &&
+        !IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<Dst, Src>::value>::type> {
+  static const bool is_supported = true;
+
+  static constexpr bool Do(Src value) {
+    // Just downcast to the smaller type, sign extend it back to the original
+    // type, and then see if it matches the original value.
+    return value == static_cast<Dst>(value);
+  }
+};
+
+// Signed to unsigned range comparison.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+struct IsValueInRangeFastOp<
+    Dst,
+    Src,
+    typename std::enable_if<
+        std::is_integral<Dst>::value && std::is_integral<Src>::value &&
+        !std::is_signed<Dst>::value && std::is_signed<Src>::value &&
+        !IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<Dst, Src>::value>::type> {
+  static const bool is_supported = true;
+
+  static constexpr bool Do(Src value) {
+    // We cast a signed as unsigned to overflow negative values to the top,
+    // then compare against whichever maximum is smaller, as our upper bound.
+    return as_unsigned(value) <= as_unsigned(CommonMax<Src, Dst>());
+  }
+};
+
+// Convenience function that returns true if the supplied value is in range
+// for the destination type.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+constexpr bool IsValueInRangeForNumericType(Src value) {
+  using SrcType = typename internal::UnderlyingType<Src>::type;
+  return internal::IsValueInRangeFastOp<Dst, SrcType>::is_supported
+             ? internal::IsValueInRangeFastOp<Dst, SrcType>::Do(
+                   static_cast<SrcType>(value))
+             : internal::DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<Dst>(
+                   static_cast<SrcType>(value))
+                   .IsValid();
+}
+
+// checked_cast<> is analogous to static_cast<> for numeric types,
+// except that it CHECKs that the specified numeric conversion will not
+// overflow or underflow. NaN source will always trigger a CHECK.
+template <typename Dst,
+          class CheckHandler = internal::CheckOnFailure,
+          typename Src>
+constexpr Dst checked_cast(Src value) {
+  // This throws a compile-time error on evaluating the constexpr if it can be
+  // determined at compile-time as failing, otherwise it will CHECK at runtime.
+  using SrcType = typename internal::UnderlyingType<Src>::type;
+  return BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY((IsValueInRangeForNumericType<Dst>(value)))
+             ? static_cast<Dst>(static_cast<SrcType>(value))
+             : CheckHandler::template HandleFailure<Dst>();
+}
+
+// Default boundaries for integral/float: max/infinity, lowest/-infinity, 0/NaN.
+// You may provide your own limits (e.g. to saturated_cast) so long as you
+// implement all of the static constexpr member functions in the class below.
+template <typename T>
+struct SaturationDefaultLimits : public std::numeric_limits<T> {
+  static constexpr T NaN() {
+    return std::numeric_limits<T>::has_quiet_NaN
+               ? std::numeric_limits<T>::quiet_NaN()
+               : T();
+  }
+  using std::numeric_limits<T>::max;
+  static constexpr T Overflow() {
+    return std::numeric_limits<T>::has_infinity
+               ? std::numeric_limits<T>::infinity()
+               : std::numeric_limits<T>::max();
+  }
+  using std::numeric_limits<T>::lowest;
+  static constexpr T Underflow() {
+    return std::numeric_limits<T>::has_infinity
+               ? std::numeric_limits<T>::infinity() * -1
+               : std::numeric_limits<T>::lowest();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Dst, template <typename> class S, typename Src>
+constexpr Dst saturated_cast_impl(Src value, RangeCheck constraint) {
+  // For some reason clang generates much better code when the branch is
+  // structured exactly this way, rather than a sequence of checks.
+  return !constraint.IsOverflowFlagSet()
+             ? (!constraint.IsUnderflowFlagSet() ? static_cast<Dst>(value)
+                                                 : S<Dst>::Underflow())
+             // Skip this check for integral Src, which cannot be NaN.
+             : (std::is_integral<Src>::value || !constraint.IsUnderflowFlagSet()
+                    ? S<Dst>::Overflow()
+                    : S<Dst>::NaN());
+}
+
+// We can reduce the number of conditions and get slightly better performance
+// for normal signed and unsigned integer ranges. And in the specific case of
+// Arm, we can use the optimized saturation instructions.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src, typename Enable = void>
+struct SaturateFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  static constexpr Dst Do(Src value) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<Dst>();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+struct SaturateFastOp<
+    Dst,
+    Src,
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<Src>::value &&
+                            std::is_integral<Dst>::value &&
+                            SaturateFastAsmOp<Dst, Src>::is_supported>::type> {
+  static const bool is_supported = true;
+  static Dst Do(Src value) { return SaturateFastAsmOp<Dst, Src>::Do(value); }
+};
+
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+struct SaturateFastOp<
+    Dst,
+    Src,
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<Src>::value &&
+                            std::is_integral<Dst>::value &&
+                            !SaturateFastAsmOp<Dst, Src>::is_supported>::type> {
+  static const bool is_supported = true;
+  static Dst Do(Src value) {
+    // The exact order of the following is structured to hit the correct
+    // optimization heuristics across compilers. Do not change without
+    // checking the emitted code.
+    Dst saturated = CommonMaxOrMin<Dst, Src>(
+        IsMaxInRangeForNumericType<Dst, Src>() ||
+        (!IsMinInRangeForNumericType<Dst, Src>() && IsValueNegative(value)));
+    return BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(IsValueInRangeForNumericType<Dst>(value))
+               ? static_cast<Dst>(value)
+               : saturated;
+  }
+};
+
+// saturated_cast<> is analogous to static_cast<> for numeric types, except
+// that the specified numeric conversion will saturate by default rather than
+// overflow or underflow, and NaN assignment to an integral will return 0.
+// All boundary condition behaviors can be overriden with a custom handler.
+template <typename Dst,
+          template <typename> class SaturationHandler = SaturationDefaultLimits,
+          typename Src>
+constexpr Dst saturated_cast(Src value) {
+  using SrcType = typename UnderlyingType<Src>::type;
+  return !IsCompileTimeConstant(value) &&
+                 SaturateFastOp<Dst, SrcType>::is_supported &&
+                 std::is_same<SaturationHandler<Dst>,
+                              SaturationDefaultLimits<Dst>>::value
+             ? SaturateFastOp<Dst, SrcType>::Do(static_cast<SrcType>(value))
+             : saturated_cast_impl<Dst, SaturationHandler, SrcType>(
+                   static_cast<SrcType>(value),
+                   DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<Dst, SaturationHandler, SrcType>(
+                       static_cast<SrcType>(value)));
+}
+
+// strict_cast<> is analogous to static_cast<> for numeric types, except that
+// it will cause a compile failure if the destination type is not large enough
+// to contain any value in the source type. It performs no runtime checking.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+constexpr Dst strict_cast(Src value) {
+  using SrcType = typename UnderlyingType<Src>::type;
+  static_assert(UnderlyingType<Src>::is_numeric, "Argument must be numeric.");
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<Dst>::value, "Result must be numeric.");
+
+  // If you got here from a compiler error, it's because you tried to assign
+  // from a source type to a destination type that has insufficient range.
+  // The solution may be to change the destination type you're assigning to,
+  // and use one large enough to represent the source.
+  // Alternatively, you may be better served with the checked_cast<> or
+  // saturated_cast<> template functions for your particular use case.
+  static_assert(StaticDstRangeRelationToSrcRange<Dst, SrcType>::value ==
+                    NUMERIC_RANGE_CONTAINED,
+                "The source type is out of range for the destination type. "
+                "Please see strict_cast<> comments for more information.");
+
+  return static_cast<Dst>(static_cast<SrcType>(value));
+}
+
+// Some wrappers to statically check that a type is in range.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src, class Enable = void>
+struct IsNumericRangeContained {
+  static const bool value = false;
+};
+
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+struct IsNumericRangeContained<
+    Dst,
+    Src,
+    typename std::enable_if<ArithmeticOrUnderlyingEnum<Dst>::value &&
+                            ArithmeticOrUnderlyingEnum<Src>::value>::type> {
+  static const bool value = StaticDstRangeRelationToSrcRange<Dst, Src>::value ==
+                            NUMERIC_RANGE_CONTAINED;
+};
+
+// StrictNumeric implements compile time range checking between numeric types by
+// wrapping assignment operations in a strict_cast. This class is intended to be
+// used for function arguments and return types, to ensure the destination type
+// can always contain the source type. This is essentially the same as enforcing
+// -Wconversion in gcc and C4302 warnings on MSVC, but it can be applied
+// incrementally at API boundaries, making it easier to convert code so that it
+// compiles cleanly with truncation warnings enabled.
+// This template should introduce no runtime overhead, but it also provides no
+// runtime checking of any of the associated mathematical operations. Use
+// CheckedNumeric for runtime range checks of the actual value being assigned.
+template <typename T>
+class StrictNumeric {
+ public:
+  using type = T;
+
+  constexpr StrictNumeric() : value_(0) {}
+
+  // Copy constructor.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr StrictNumeric(const StrictNumeric<Src>& rhs)
+      : value_(strict_cast<T>(rhs.value_)) {}
+
+  // This is not an explicit constructor because we implicitly upgrade regular
+  // numerics to StrictNumerics to make them easier to use.
+  template <typename Src>
+  constexpr StrictNumeric(Src value)  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
+      : value_(strict_cast<T>(value)) {}
+
+  // If you got here from a compiler error, it's because you tried to assign
+  // from a source type to a destination type that has insufficient range.
+  // The solution may be to change the destination type you're assigning to,
+  // and use one large enough to represent the source.
+  // If you're assigning from a CheckedNumeric<> class, you may be able to use
+  // the AssignIfValid() member function, specify a narrower destination type to
+  // the member value functions (e.g. val.template ValueOrDie<Dst>()), use one
+  // of the value helper functions (e.g. ValueOrDieForType<Dst>(val)).
+  // If you've encountered an _ambiguous overload_ you can use a static_cast<>
+  // to explicitly cast the result to the destination type.
+  // If none of that works, you may be better served with the checked_cast<> or
+  // saturated_cast<> template functions for your particular use case.
+  template <typename Dst,
+            typename std::enable_if<
+                IsNumericRangeContained<Dst, T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+  constexpr operator Dst() const {
+    return static_cast<typename ArithmeticOrUnderlyingEnum<Dst>::type>(value_);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  const T value_;
+};
+
+// Convience wrapper returns a StrictNumeric from the provided arithmetic type.
+template <typename T>
+constexpr StrictNumeric<typename UnderlyingType<T>::type> MakeStrictNum(
+    const T value) {
+  return value;
+}
+
+#if !BASE_NUMERICS_DISABLE_OSTREAM_OPERATORS
+// Overload the ostream output operator to make logging work nicely.
+template <typename T>
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const StrictNumeric<T>& value) {
+  os << static_cast<T>(value);
+  return os;
+}
+#endif
+
+#define BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(CLASS, NAME, OP)              \
+  template <typename L, typename R,                                     \
+            typename std::enable_if<                                    \
+                internal::Is##CLASS##Op<L, R>::value>::type* = nullptr> \
+  constexpr bool operator OP(const L lhs, const R rhs) {                \
+    return SafeCompare<NAME, typename UnderlyingType<L>::type,          \
+                       typename UnderlyingType<R>::type>(lhs, rhs);     \
+  }
+
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Strict, IsLess, <)
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Strict, IsLessOrEqual, <=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Strict, IsGreater, >)
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Strict, IsGreaterOrEqual, >=)
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Strict, IsEqual, ==)
+BASE_NUMERIC_COMPARISON_OPERATORS(Strict, IsNotEqual, !=)
+
+}  // namespace internal
+
+using internal::as_signed;
+using internal::as_unsigned;
+using internal::checked_cast;
+using internal::strict_cast;
+using internal::saturated_cast;
+using internal::SafeUnsignedAbs;
+using internal::StrictNumeric;
+using internal::MakeStrictNum;
+using internal::IsValueInRangeForNumericType;
+using internal::IsTypeInRangeForNumericType;
+using internal::IsValueNegative;
+
+// Explicitly make a shorter size_t alias for convenience.
+using SizeT = StrictNumeric<size_t>;
+
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_CONVERSIONS_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/safe_conversions_arm_impl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_CONVERSIONS_ARM_IMPL_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_CONVERSIONS_ARM_IMPL_H_
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "base/numerics/safe_conversions_impl.h"
+
+namespace base {
+namespace internal {
+
+// Fast saturation to a destination type.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+struct SaturateFastAsmOp {
+  static constexpr bool is_supported =
+      std::is_signed<Src>::value && std::is_integral<Dst>::value &&
+      std::is_integral<Src>::value &&
+      IntegerBitsPlusSign<Src>::value <= IntegerBitsPlusSign<int32_t>::value &&
+      IntegerBitsPlusSign<Dst>::value <= IntegerBitsPlusSign<int32_t>::value &&
+      !IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<Dst, Src>::value;
+
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static Dst Do(Src value) {
+    int32_t src = value;
+    typename std::conditional<std::is_signed<Dst>::value, int32_t,
+                              uint32_t>::type result;
+    if (std::is_signed<Dst>::value) {
+      asm("ssat %[dst], %[shift], %[src]"
+          : [dst] "=r"(result)
+          : [src] "r"(src), [shift] "n"(IntegerBitsPlusSign<Dst>::value <= 32
+                                            ? IntegerBitsPlusSign<Dst>::value
+                                            : 32));
+    } else {
+      asm("usat %[dst], %[shift], %[src]"
+          : [dst] "=r"(result)
+          : [src] "r"(src), [shift] "n"(IntegerBitsPlusSign<Dst>::value < 32
+                                            ? IntegerBitsPlusSign<Dst>::value
+                                            : 31));
+    }
+    return static_cast<Dst>(result);
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_CONVERSIONS_ARM_IMPL_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/safe_conversions_impl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,850 @@
+// Copyright 2014 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_CONVERSIONS_IMPL_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_CONVERSIONS_IMPL_H_
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1)
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_UNLIKELY(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0)
+#else
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_LIKELY(x) (x)
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_UNLIKELY(x) (x)
+#endif
+
+namespace base {
+namespace internal {
+
+// The std library doesn't provide a binary max_exponent for integers, however
+// we can compute an analog using std::numeric_limits<>::digits.
+template <typename NumericType>
+struct MaxExponent {
+  static const int value = std::is_floating_point<NumericType>::value
+                               ? std::numeric_limits<NumericType>::max_exponent
+                               : std::numeric_limits<NumericType>::digits + 1;
+};
+
+// The number of bits (including the sign) in an integer. Eliminates sizeof
+// hacks.
+template <typename NumericType>
+struct IntegerBitsPlusSign {
+  static const int value = std::numeric_limits<NumericType>::digits +
+                           std::is_signed<NumericType>::value;
+};
+
+// Helper templates for integer manipulations.
+
+template <typename Integer>
+struct PositionOfSignBit {
+  static const size_t value = IntegerBitsPlusSign<Integer>::value - 1;
+};
+
+// Determines if a numeric value is negative without throwing compiler
+// warnings on: unsigned(value) < 0.
+template <typename T,
+          typename std::enable_if<std::is_signed<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr bool IsValueNegative(T value) {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<T>::value, "Argument must be numeric.");
+  return value < 0;
+}
+
+template <typename T,
+          typename std::enable_if<!std::is_signed<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr bool IsValueNegative(T) {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<T>::value, "Argument must be numeric.");
+  return false;
+}
+
+// This performs a fast negation, returning a signed value. It works on unsigned
+// arguments, but probably doesn't do what you want for any unsigned value
+// larger than max / 2 + 1 (i.e. signed min cast to unsigned).
+template <typename T>
+constexpr typename std::make_signed<T>::type ConditionalNegate(
+    T x,
+    bool is_negative) {
+  static_assert(std::is_integral<T>::value, "Type must be integral");
+  using SignedT = typename std::make_signed<T>::type;
+  using UnsignedT = typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+  return static_cast<SignedT>(
+      (static_cast<UnsignedT>(x) ^ -SignedT(is_negative)) + is_negative);
+}
+
+// This performs a safe, absolute value via unsigned overflow.
+template <typename T>
+constexpr typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type SafeUnsignedAbs(T value) {
+  static_assert(std::is_integral<T>::value, "Type must be integral");
+  using UnsignedT = typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+  return IsValueNegative(value) ? 0 - static_cast<UnsignedT>(value)
+                                : static_cast<UnsignedT>(value);
+}
+
+// This allows us to switch paths on known compile-time constants.
+#if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__)
+constexpr bool CanDetectCompileTimeConstant() {
+  return true;
+}
+template <typename T>
+constexpr bool IsCompileTimeConstant(const T v) {
+  return __builtin_constant_p(v);
+}
+#else
+constexpr bool CanDetectCompileTimeConstant() {
+  return false;
+}
+template <typename T>
+constexpr bool IsCompileTimeConstant(const T) {
+  return false;
+}
+#endif
+template <typename T>
+constexpr bool MustTreatAsConstexpr(const T v) {
+  // Either we can't detect a compile-time constant, and must always use the
+  // constexpr path, or we know we have a compile-time constant.
+  return !CanDetectCompileTimeConstant() || IsCompileTimeConstant(v);
+}
+
+// Forces a crash, like a CHECK(false). Used for numeric boundary errors.
+// Also used in a constexpr template to trigger a compilation failure on
+// an error condition.
+struct CheckOnFailure {
+  template <typename T>
+  static T HandleFailure() {
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+    __debugbreak();
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+    __builtin_trap();
+#else
+    ((void)(*(volatile char*)0 = 0));
+#endif
+    return T();
+  }
+};
+
+enum IntegerRepresentation {
+  INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED,
+  INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED
+};
+
+// A range for a given nunmeric Src type is contained for a given numeric Dst
+// type if both numeric_limits<Src>::max() <= numeric_limits<Dst>::max() and
+// numeric_limits<Src>::lowest() >= numeric_limits<Dst>::lowest() are true.
+// We implement this as template specializations rather than simple static
+// comparisons to ensure type correctness in our comparisons.
+enum NumericRangeRepresentation {
+  NUMERIC_RANGE_NOT_CONTAINED,
+  NUMERIC_RANGE_CONTAINED
+};
+
+// Helper templates to statically determine if our destination type can contain
+// maximum and minimum values represented by the source type.
+
+template <typename Dst,
+          typename Src,
+          IntegerRepresentation DstSign = std::is_signed<Dst>::value
+                                              ? INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED
+                                              : INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED,
+          IntegerRepresentation SrcSign = std::is_signed<Src>::value
+                                              ? INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED
+                                              : INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED>
+struct StaticDstRangeRelationToSrcRange;
+
+// Same sign: Dst is guaranteed to contain Src only if its range is equal or
+// larger.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src, IntegerRepresentation Sign>
+struct StaticDstRangeRelationToSrcRange<Dst, Src, Sign, Sign> {
+  static const NumericRangeRepresentation value =
+      MaxExponent<Dst>::value >= MaxExponent<Src>::value
+          ? NUMERIC_RANGE_CONTAINED
+          : NUMERIC_RANGE_NOT_CONTAINED;
+};
+
+// Unsigned to signed: Dst is guaranteed to contain source only if its range is
+// larger.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+struct StaticDstRangeRelationToSrcRange<Dst,
+                                        Src,
+                                        INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED,
+                                        INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED> {
+  static const NumericRangeRepresentation value =
+      MaxExponent<Dst>::value > MaxExponent<Src>::value
+          ? NUMERIC_RANGE_CONTAINED
+          : NUMERIC_RANGE_NOT_CONTAINED;
+};
+
+// Signed to unsigned: Dst cannot be statically determined to contain Src.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+struct StaticDstRangeRelationToSrcRange<Dst,
+                                        Src,
+                                        INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED,
+                                        INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED> {
+  static const NumericRangeRepresentation value = NUMERIC_RANGE_NOT_CONTAINED;
+};
+
+// This class wraps the range constraints as separate booleans so the compiler
+// can identify constants and eliminate unused code paths.
+class RangeCheck {
+ public:
+  constexpr RangeCheck(bool is_in_lower_bound, bool is_in_upper_bound)
+      : is_underflow_(!is_in_lower_bound), is_overflow_(!is_in_upper_bound) {}
+  constexpr RangeCheck() : is_underflow_(0), is_overflow_(0) {}
+  constexpr bool IsValid() const { return !is_overflow_ && !is_underflow_; }
+  constexpr bool IsInvalid() const { return is_overflow_ && is_underflow_; }
+  constexpr bool IsOverflow() const { return is_overflow_ && !is_underflow_; }
+  constexpr bool IsUnderflow() const { return !is_overflow_ && is_underflow_; }
+  constexpr bool IsOverflowFlagSet() const { return is_overflow_; }
+  constexpr bool IsUnderflowFlagSet() const { return is_underflow_; }
+  constexpr bool operator==(const RangeCheck rhs) const {
+    return is_underflow_ == rhs.is_underflow_ &&
+           is_overflow_ == rhs.is_overflow_;
+  }
+  constexpr bool operator!=(const RangeCheck rhs) const {
+    return !(*this == rhs);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  // Do not change the order of these member variables. The integral conversion
+  // optimization depends on this exact order.
+  const bool is_underflow_;
+  const bool is_overflow_;
+};
+
+// The following helper template addresses a corner case in range checks for
+// conversion from a floating-point type to an integral type of smaller range
+// but larger precision (e.g. float -> unsigned). The problem is as follows:
+//   1. Integral maximum is always one less than a power of two, so it must be
+//      truncated to fit the mantissa of the floating point. The direction of
+//      rounding is implementation defined, but by default it's always IEEE
+//      floats, which round to nearest and thus result in a value of larger
+//      magnitude than the integral value.
+//      Example: float f = UINT_MAX; // f is 4294967296f but UINT_MAX
+//                                   // is 4294967295u.
+//   2. If the floating point value is equal to the promoted integral maximum
+//      value, a range check will erroneously pass.
+//      Example: (4294967296f <= 4294967295u) // This is true due to a precision
+//                                            // loss in rounding up to float.
+//   3. When the floating point value is then converted to an integral, the
+//      resulting value is out of range for the target integral type and
+//      thus is implementation defined.
+//      Example: unsigned u = (float)INT_MAX; // u will typically overflow to 0.
+// To fix this bug we manually truncate the maximum value when the destination
+// type is an integral of larger precision than the source floating-point type,
+// such that the resulting maximum is represented exactly as a floating point.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src, template <typename> class Bounds>
+struct NarrowingRange {
+  using SrcLimits = std::numeric_limits<Src>;
+  using DstLimits = typename std::numeric_limits<Dst>;
+
+  // Computes the mask required to make an accurate comparison between types.
+  static const int kShift =
+      (MaxExponent<Src>::value > MaxExponent<Dst>::value &&
+       SrcLimits::digits < DstLimits::digits)
+          ? (DstLimits::digits - SrcLimits::digits)
+          : 0;
+  template <
+      typename T,
+      typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+
+  // Masks out the integer bits that are beyond the precision of the
+  // intermediate type used for comparison.
+  static constexpr T Adjust(T value) {
+    static_assert(std::is_same<T, Dst>::value, "");
+    static_assert(kShift < DstLimits::digits, "");
+    return static_cast<T>(
+        ConditionalNegate(SafeUnsignedAbs(value) & ~((T(1) << kShift) - T(1)),
+                          IsValueNegative(value)));
+  }
+
+  template <typename T,
+            typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>::type* =
+                nullptr>
+  static constexpr T Adjust(T value) {
+    static_assert(std::is_same<T, Dst>::value, "");
+    static_assert(kShift == 0, "");
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  static constexpr Dst max() { return Adjust(Bounds<Dst>::max()); }
+  static constexpr Dst lowest() { return Adjust(Bounds<Dst>::lowest()); }
+};
+
+template <typename Dst,
+          typename Src,
+          template <typename> class Bounds,
+          IntegerRepresentation DstSign = std::is_signed<Dst>::value
+                                              ? INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED
+                                              : INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED,
+          IntegerRepresentation SrcSign = std::is_signed<Src>::value
+                                              ? INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED
+                                              : INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED,
+          NumericRangeRepresentation DstRange =
+              StaticDstRangeRelationToSrcRange<Dst, Src>::value>
+struct DstRangeRelationToSrcRangeImpl;
+
+// The following templates are for ranges that must be verified at runtime. We
+// split it into checks based on signedness to avoid confusing casts and
+// compiler warnings on signed an unsigned comparisons.
+
+// Same sign narrowing: The range is contained for normal limits.
+template <typename Dst,
+          typename Src,
+          template <typename> class Bounds,
+          IntegerRepresentation DstSign,
+          IntegerRepresentation SrcSign>
+struct DstRangeRelationToSrcRangeImpl<Dst,
+                                      Src,
+                                      Bounds,
+                                      DstSign,
+                                      SrcSign,
+                                      NUMERIC_RANGE_CONTAINED> {
+  static constexpr RangeCheck Check(Src value) {
+    using SrcLimits = std::numeric_limits<Src>;
+    using DstLimits = NarrowingRange<Dst, Src, Bounds>;
+    return RangeCheck(
+        static_cast<Dst>(SrcLimits::lowest()) >= DstLimits::lowest() ||
+            static_cast<Dst>(value) >= DstLimits::lowest(),
+        static_cast<Dst>(SrcLimits::max()) <= DstLimits::max() ||
+            static_cast<Dst>(value) <= DstLimits::max());
+  }
+};
+
+// Signed to signed narrowing: Both the upper and lower boundaries may be
+// exceeded for standard limits.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src, template <typename> class Bounds>
+struct DstRangeRelationToSrcRangeImpl<Dst,
+                                      Src,
+                                      Bounds,
+                                      INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED,
+                                      INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED,
+                                      NUMERIC_RANGE_NOT_CONTAINED> {
+  static constexpr RangeCheck Check(Src value) {
+    using DstLimits = NarrowingRange<Dst, Src, Bounds>;
+    return RangeCheck(value >= DstLimits::lowest(), value <= DstLimits::max());
+  }
+};
+
+// Unsigned to unsigned narrowing: Only the upper bound can be exceeded for
+// standard limits.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src, template <typename> class Bounds>
+struct DstRangeRelationToSrcRangeImpl<Dst,
+                                      Src,
+                                      Bounds,
+                                      INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED,
+                                      INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED,
+                                      NUMERIC_RANGE_NOT_CONTAINED> {
+  static constexpr RangeCheck Check(Src value) {
+    using DstLimits = NarrowingRange<Dst, Src, Bounds>;
+    return RangeCheck(
+        DstLimits::lowest() == Dst(0) || value >= DstLimits::lowest(),
+        value <= DstLimits::max());
+  }
+};
+
+// Unsigned to signed: Only the upper bound can be exceeded for standard limits.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src, template <typename> class Bounds>
+struct DstRangeRelationToSrcRangeImpl<Dst,
+                                      Src,
+                                      Bounds,
+                                      INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED,
+                                      INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED,
+                                      NUMERIC_RANGE_NOT_CONTAINED> {
+  static constexpr RangeCheck Check(Src value) {
+    using DstLimits = NarrowingRange<Dst, Src, Bounds>;
+    using Promotion = decltype(Src() + Dst());
+    return RangeCheck(DstLimits::lowest() <= Dst(0) ||
+                          static_cast<Promotion>(value) >=
+                              static_cast<Promotion>(DstLimits::lowest()),
+                      static_cast<Promotion>(value) <=
+                          static_cast<Promotion>(DstLimits::max()));
+  }
+};
+
+// Signed to unsigned: The upper boundary may be exceeded for a narrower Dst,
+// and any negative value exceeds the lower boundary for standard limits.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src, template <typename> class Bounds>
+struct DstRangeRelationToSrcRangeImpl<Dst,
+                                      Src,
+                                      Bounds,
+                                      INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_UNSIGNED,
+                                      INTEGER_REPRESENTATION_SIGNED,
+                                      NUMERIC_RANGE_NOT_CONTAINED> {
+  static constexpr RangeCheck Check(Src value) {
+    using SrcLimits = std::numeric_limits<Src>;
+    using DstLimits = NarrowingRange<Dst, Src, Bounds>;
+    using Promotion = decltype(Src() + Dst());
+    return RangeCheck(
+        value >= Src(0) && (DstLimits::lowest() == 0 ||
+                            static_cast<Dst>(value) >= DstLimits::lowest()),
+        static_cast<Promotion>(SrcLimits::max()) <=
+                static_cast<Promotion>(DstLimits::max()) ||
+            static_cast<Promotion>(value) <=
+                static_cast<Promotion>(DstLimits::max()));
+  }
+};
+
+// Simple wrapper for statically checking if a type's range is contained.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+struct IsTypeInRangeForNumericType {
+  static const bool value = StaticDstRangeRelationToSrcRange<Dst, Src>::value ==
+                            NUMERIC_RANGE_CONTAINED;
+};
+
+template <typename Dst,
+          template <typename> class Bounds = std::numeric_limits,
+          typename Src>
+constexpr RangeCheck DstRangeRelationToSrcRange(Src value) {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<Src>::value, "Argument must be numeric.");
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<Dst>::value, "Result must be numeric.");
+  static_assert(Bounds<Dst>::lowest() < Bounds<Dst>::max(), "");
+  return DstRangeRelationToSrcRangeImpl<Dst, Src, Bounds>::Check(value);
+}
+
+// Integer promotion templates used by the portable checked integer arithmetic.
+template <size_t Size, bool IsSigned>
+struct IntegerForDigitsAndSign;
+
+#define INTEGER_FOR_DIGITS_AND_SIGN(I)                          \
+  template <>                                                   \
+  struct IntegerForDigitsAndSign<IntegerBitsPlusSign<I>::value, \
+                                 std::is_signed<I>::value> {    \
+    using type = I;                                             \
+  }
+
+INTEGER_FOR_DIGITS_AND_SIGN(int8_t);
+INTEGER_FOR_DIGITS_AND_SIGN(uint8_t);
+INTEGER_FOR_DIGITS_AND_SIGN(int16_t);
+INTEGER_FOR_DIGITS_AND_SIGN(uint16_t);
+INTEGER_FOR_DIGITS_AND_SIGN(int32_t);
+INTEGER_FOR_DIGITS_AND_SIGN(uint32_t);
+INTEGER_FOR_DIGITS_AND_SIGN(int64_t);
+INTEGER_FOR_DIGITS_AND_SIGN(uint64_t);
+#undef INTEGER_FOR_DIGITS_AND_SIGN
+
+// WARNING: We have no IntegerForSizeAndSign<16, *>. If we ever add one to
+// support 128-bit math, then the ArithmeticPromotion template below will need
+// to be updated (or more likely replaced with a decltype expression).
+static_assert(IntegerBitsPlusSign<intmax_t>::value == 64,
+              "Max integer size not supported for this toolchain.");
+
+template <typename Integer, bool IsSigned = std::is_signed<Integer>::value>
+struct TwiceWiderInteger {
+  using type =
+      typename IntegerForDigitsAndSign<IntegerBitsPlusSign<Integer>::value * 2,
+                                       IsSigned>::type;
+};
+
+enum ArithmeticPromotionCategory {
+  LEFT_PROMOTION,  // Use the type of the left-hand argument.
+  RIGHT_PROMOTION  // Use the type of the right-hand argument.
+};
+
+// Determines the type that can represent the largest positive value.
+template <typename Lhs,
+          typename Rhs,
+          ArithmeticPromotionCategory Promotion =
+              (MaxExponent<Lhs>::value > MaxExponent<Rhs>::value)
+                  ? LEFT_PROMOTION
+                  : RIGHT_PROMOTION>
+struct MaxExponentPromotion;
+
+template <typename Lhs, typename Rhs>
+struct MaxExponentPromotion<Lhs, Rhs, LEFT_PROMOTION> {
+  using type = Lhs;
+};
+
+template <typename Lhs, typename Rhs>
+struct MaxExponentPromotion<Lhs, Rhs, RIGHT_PROMOTION> {
+  using type = Rhs;
+};
+
+// Determines the type that can represent the lowest arithmetic value.
+template <typename Lhs,
+          typename Rhs,
+          ArithmeticPromotionCategory Promotion =
+              std::is_signed<Lhs>::value
+                  ? (std::is_signed<Rhs>::value
+                         ? (MaxExponent<Lhs>::value > MaxExponent<Rhs>::value
+                                ? LEFT_PROMOTION
+                                : RIGHT_PROMOTION)
+                         : LEFT_PROMOTION)
+                  : (std::is_signed<Rhs>::value
+                         ? RIGHT_PROMOTION
+                         : (MaxExponent<Lhs>::value < MaxExponent<Rhs>::value
+                                ? LEFT_PROMOTION
+                                : RIGHT_PROMOTION))>
+struct LowestValuePromotion;
+
+template <typename Lhs, typename Rhs>
+struct LowestValuePromotion<Lhs, Rhs, LEFT_PROMOTION> {
+  using type = Lhs;
+};
+
+template <typename Lhs, typename Rhs>
+struct LowestValuePromotion<Lhs, Rhs, RIGHT_PROMOTION> {
+  using type = Rhs;
+};
+
+// Determines the type that is best able to represent an arithmetic result.
+template <
+    typename Lhs,
+    typename Rhs = Lhs,
+    bool is_intmax_type =
+        std::is_integral<typename MaxExponentPromotion<Lhs, Rhs>::type>::value&&
+            IntegerBitsPlusSign<typename MaxExponentPromotion<Lhs, Rhs>::type>::
+                value == IntegerBitsPlusSign<intmax_t>::value,
+    bool is_max_exponent =
+        StaticDstRangeRelationToSrcRange<
+            typename MaxExponentPromotion<Lhs, Rhs>::type,
+            Lhs>::value ==
+        NUMERIC_RANGE_CONTAINED&& StaticDstRangeRelationToSrcRange<
+            typename MaxExponentPromotion<Lhs, Rhs>::type,
+            Rhs>::value == NUMERIC_RANGE_CONTAINED>
+struct BigEnoughPromotion;
+
+// The side with the max exponent is big enough.
+template <typename Lhs, typename Rhs, bool is_intmax_type>
+struct BigEnoughPromotion<Lhs, Rhs, is_intmax_type, true> {
+  using type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<Lhs, Rhs>::type;
+  static const bool is_contained = true;
+};
+
+// We can use a twice wider type to fit.
+template <typename Lhs, typename Rhs>
+struct BigEnoughPromotion<Lhs, Rhs, false, false> {
+  using type =
+      typename TwiceWiderInteger<typename MaxExponentPromotion<Lhs, Rhs>::type,
+                                 std::is_signed<Lhs>::value ||
+                                     std::is_signed<Rhs>::value>::type;
+  static const bool is_contained = true;
+};
+
+// No type is large enough.
+template <typename Lhs, typename Rhs>
+struct BigEnoughPromotion<Lhs, Rhs, true, false> {
+  using type = typename MaxExponentPromotion<Lhs, Rhs>::type;
+  static const bool is_contained = false;
+};
+
+// We can statically check if operations on the provided types can wrap, so we
+// can skip the checked operations if they're not needed. So, for an integer we
+// care if the destination type preserves the sign and is twice the width of
+// the source.
+template <typename T, typename Lhs, typename Rhs = Lhs>
+struct IsIntegerArithmeticSafe {
+  static const bool value =
+      !std::is_floating_point<T>::value &&
+      !std::is_floating_point<Lhs>::value &&
+      !std::is_floating_point<Rhs>::value &&
+      std::is_signed<T>::value >= std::is_signed<Lhs>::value &&
+      IntegerBitsPlusSign<T>::value >= (2 * IntegerBitsPlusSign<Lhs>::value) &&
+      std::is_signed<T>::value >= std::is_signed<Rhs>::value &&
+      IntegerBitsPlusSign<T>::value >= (2 * IntegerBitsPlusSign<Rhs>::value);
+};
+
+// Promotes to a type that can represent any possible result of a binary
+// arithmetic operation with the source types.
+template <typename Lhs,
+          typename Rhs,
+          bool is_promotion_possible = IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<
+              typename std::conditional<std::is_signed<Lhs>::value ||
+                                            std::is_signed<Rhs>::value,
+                                        intmax_t,
+                                        uintmax_t>::type,
+              typename MaxExponentPromotion<Lhs, Rhs>::type>::value>
+struct FastIntegerArithmeticPromotion;
+
+template <typename Lhs, typename Rhs>
+struct FastIntegerArithmeticPromotion<Lhs, Rhs, true> {
+  using type =
+      typename TwiceWiderInteger<typename MaxExponentPromotion<Lhs, Rhs>::type,
+                                 std::is_signed<Lhs>::value ||
+                                     std::is_signed<Rhs>::value>::type;
+  static_assert(IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<type, Lhs, Rhs>::value, "");
+  static const bool is_contained = true;
+};
+
+template <typename Lhs, typename Rhs>
+struct FastIntegerArithmeticPromotion<Lhs, Rhs, false> {
+  using type = typename BigEnoughPromotion<Lhs, Rhs>::type;
+  static const bool is_contained = false;
+};
+
+// Extracts the underlying type from an enum.
+template <typename T, bool is_enum = std::is_enum<T>::value>
+struct ArithmeticOrUnderlyingEnum;
+
+template <typename T>
+struct ArithmeticOrUnderlyingEnum<T, true> {
+  using type = typename std::underlying_type<T>::type;
+  static const bool value = std::is_arithmetic<type>::value;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct ArithmeticOrUnderlyingEnum<T, false> {
+  using type = T;
+  static const bool value = std::is_arithmetic<type>::value;
+};
+
+// The following are helper templates used in the CheckedNumeric class.
+template <typename T>
+class CheckedNumeric;
+
+template <typename T>
+class ClampedNumeric;
+
+template <typename T>
+class StrictNumeric;
+
+// Used to treat CheckedNumeric and arithmetic underlying types the same.
+template <typename T>
+struct UnderlyingType {
+  using type = typename ArithmeticOrUnderlyingEnum<T>::type;
+  static const bool is_numeric = std::is_arithmetic<type>::value;
+  static const bool is_checked = false;
+  static const bool is_clamped = false;
+  static const bool is_strict = false;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct UnderlyingType<CheckedNumeric<T>> {
+  using type = T;
+  static const bool is_numeric = true;
+  static const bool is_checked = true;
+  static const bool is_clamped = false;
+  static const bool is_strict = false;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct UnderlyingType<ClampedNumeric<T>> {
+  using type = T;
+  static const bool is_numeric = true;
+  static const bool is_checked = false;
+  static const bool is_clamped = true;
+  static const bool is_strict = false;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct UnderlyingType<StrictNumeric<T>> {
+  using type = T;
+  static const bool is_numeric = true;
+  static const bool is_checked = false;
+  static const bool is_clamped = false;
+  static const bool is_strict = true;
+};
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+struct IsCheckedOp {
+  static const bool value =
+      UnderlyingType<L>::is_numeric && UnderlyingType<R>::is_numeric &&
+      (UnderlyingType<L>::is_checked || UnderlyingType<R>::is_checked);
+};
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+struct IsClampedOp {
+  static const bool value =
+      UnderlyingType<L>::is_numeric && UnderlyingType<R>::is_numeric &&
+      (UnderlyingType<L>::is_clamped || UnderlyingType<R>::is_clamped) &&
+      !(UnderlyingType<L>::is_checked || UnderlyingType<R>::is_checked);
+};
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+struct IsStrictOp {
+  static const bool value =
+      UnderlyingType<L>::is_numeric && UnderlyingType<R>::is_numeric &&
+      (UnderlyingType<L>::is_strict || UnderlyingType<R>::is_strict) &&
+      !(UnderlyingType<L>::is_checked || UnderlyingType<R>::is_checked) &&
+      !(UnderlyingType<L>::is_clamped || UnderlyingType<R>::is_clamped);
+};
+
+// as_signed<> returns the supplied integral value (or integral castable
+// Numeric template) cast as a signed integral of equivalent precision.
+// I.e. it's mostly an alias for: static_cast<std::make_signed<T>::type>(t)
+template <typename Src>
+constexpr typename std::make_signed<
+    typename base::internal::UnderlyingType<Src>::type>::type
+as_signed(const Src value) {
+  static_assert(std::is_integral<decltype(as_signed(value))>::value,
+                "Argument must be a signed or unsigned integer type.");
+  return static_cast<decltype(as_signed(value))>(value);
+}
+
+// as_unsigned<> returns the supplied integral value (or integral castable
+// Numeric template) cast as an unsigned integral of equivalent precision.
+// I.e. it's mostly an alias for: static_cast<std::make_unsigned<T>::type>(t)
+template <typename Src>
+constexpr typename std::make_unsigned<
+    typename base::internal::UnderlyingType<Src>::type>::type
+as_unsigned(const Src value) {
+  static_assert(std::is_integral<decltype(as_unsigned(value))>::value,
+                "Argument must be a signed or unsigned integer type.");
+  return static_cast<decltype(as_unsigned(value))>(value);
+}
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+constexpr bool IsLessImpl(const L lhs,
+                          const R rhs,
+                          const RangeCheck l_range,
+                          const RangeCheck r_range) {
+  return l_range.IsUnderflow() || r_range.IsOverflow() ||
+         (l_range == r_range &&
+          static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(lhs) <
+              static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(rhs));
+}
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+struct IsLess {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<L>::value && std::is_arithmetic<R>::value,
+                "Types must be numeric.");
+  static constexpr bool Test(const L lhs, const R rhs) {
+    return IsLessImpl(lhs, rhs, DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<R>(lhs),
+                      DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<L>(rhs));
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+constexpr bool IsLessOrEqualImpl(const L lhs,
+                                 const R rhs,
+                                 const RangeCheck l_range,
+                                 const RangeCheck r_range) {
+  return l_range.IsUnderflow() || r_range.IsOverflow() ||
+         (l_range == r_range &&
+          static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(lhs) <=
+              static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(rhs));
+}
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+struct IsLessOrEqual {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<L>::value && std::is_arithmetic<R>::value,
+                "Types must be numeric.");
+  static constexpr bool Test(const L lhs, const R rhs) {
+    return IsLessOrEqualImpl(lhs, rhs, DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<R>(lhs),
+                             DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<L>(rhs));
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+constexpr bool IsGreaterImpl(const L lhs,
+                             const R rhs,
+                             const RangeCheck l_range,
+                             const RangeCheck r_range) {
+  return l_range.IsOverflow() || r_range.IsUnderflow() ||
+         (l_range == r_range &&
+          static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(lhs) >
+              static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(rhs));
+}
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+struct IsGreater {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<L>::value && std::is_arithmetic<R>::value,
+                "Types must be numeric.");
+  static constexpr bool Test(const L lhs, const R rhs) {
+    return IsGreaterImpl(lhs, rhs, DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<R>(lhs),
+                         DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<L>(rhs));
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+constexpr bool IsGreaterOrEqualImpl(const L lhs,
+                                    const R rhs,
+                                    const RangeCheck l_range,
+                                    const RangeCheck r_range) {
+  return l_range.IsOverflow() || r_range.IsUnderflow() ||
+         (l_range == r_range &&
+          static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(lhs) >=
+              static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(rhs));
+}
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+struct IsGreaterOrEqual {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<L>::value && std::is_arithmetic<R>::value,
+                "Types must be numeric.");
+  static constexpr bool Test(const L lhs, const R rhs) {
+    return IsGreaterOrEqualImpl(lhs, rhs, DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<R>(lhs),
+                                DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<L>(rhs));
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+struct IsEqual {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<L>::value && std::is_arithmetic<R>::value,
+                "Types must be numeric.");
+  static constexpr bool Test(const L lhs, const R rhs) {
+    return DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<R>(lhs) ==
+               DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<L>(rhs) &&
+           static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(lhs) ==
+               static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(rhs);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+struct IsNotEqual {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<L>::value && std::is_arithmetic<R>::value,
+                "Types must be numeric.");
+  static constexpr bool Test(const L lhs, const R rhs) {
+    return DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<R>(lhs) !=
+               DstRangeRelationToSrcRange<L>(rhs) ||
+           static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(lhs) !=
+               static_cast<decltype(lhs + rhs)>(rhs);
+  }
+};
+
+// These perform the actual math operations on the CheckedNumerics.
+// Binary arithmetic operations.
+template <template <typename, typename> class C, typename L, typename R>
+constexpr bool SafeCompare(const L lhs, const R rhs) {
+  static_assert(std::is_arithmetic<L>::value && std::is_arithmetic<R>::value,
+                "Types must be numeric.");
+  using Promotion = BigEnoughPromotion<L, R>;
+  using BigType = typename Promotion::type;
+  return Promotion::is_contained
+             // Force to a larger type for speed if both are contained.
+             ? C<BigType, BigType>::Test(
+                   static_cast<BigType>(static_cast<L>(lhs)),
+                   static_cast<BigType>(static_cast<R>(rhs)))
+             // Let the template functions figure it out for mixed types.
+             : C<L, R>::Test(lhs, rhs);
+}
+
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+constexpr bool IsMaxInRangeForNumericType() {
+  return IsGreaterOrEqual<Dst, Src>::Test(std::numeric_limits<Dst>::max(),
+                                          std::numeric_limits<Src>::max());
+}
+
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+constexpr bool IsMinInRangeForNumericType() {
+  return IsLessOrEqual<Dst, Src>::Test(std::numeric_limits<Dst>::lowest(),
+                                       std::numeric_limits<Src>::lowest());
+}
+
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+constexpr Dst CommonMax() {
+  return !IsMaxInRangeForNumericType<Dst, Src>()
+             ? Dst(std::numeric_limits<Dst>::max())
+             : Dst(std::numeric_limits<Src>::max());
+}
+
+template <typename Dst, typename Src>
+constexpr Dst CommonMin() {
+  return !IsMinInRangeForNumericType<Dst, Src>()
+             ? Dst(std::numeric_limits<Dst>::lowest())
+             : Dst(std::numeric_limits<Src>::lowest());
+}
+
+// This is a wrapper to generate return the max or min for a supplied type.
+// If the argument is false, the returned value is the maximum. If true the
+// returned value is the minimum.
+template <typename Dst, typename Src = Dst>
+constexpr Dst CommonMaxOrMin(bool is_min) {
+  return is_min ? CommonMin<Dst, Src>() : CommonMax<Dst, Src>();
+}
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_CONVERSIONS_IMPL_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/safe_math.h

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_H_
+
+#include "base/numerics/checked_math.h"
+#include "base/numerics/clamped_math.h"
+#include "base/numerics/safe_conversions.h"
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/safe_math_arm_impl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_ARM_IMPL_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_ARM_IMPL_H_
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "base/numerics/safe_conversions.h"
+
+namespace base {
+namespace internal {
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedMulFastAsmOp {
+  static const bool is_supported =
+      FastIntegerArithmeticPromotion<T, U>::is_contained;
+
+  // The following is much more efficient than the Clang and GCC builtins for
+  // performing overflow-checked multiplication when a twice wider type is
+  // available. The below compiles down to 2-3 instructions, depending on the
+  // width of the types in use.
+  // As an example, an int32_t multiply compiles to:
+  //    smull   r0, r1, r0, r1
+  //    cmp     r1, r1, asr #31
+  // And an int16_t multiply compiles to:
+  //    smulbb  r1, r1, r0
+  //    asr     r2, r1, #16
+  //    cmp     r2, r1, asr #15
+  template <typename V>
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    using Promotion = typename FastIntegerArithmeticPromotion<T, U>::type;
+    Promotion presult;
+
+    presult = static_cast<Promotion>(x) * static_cast<Promotion>(y);
+    *result = static_cast<V>(presult);
+    return IsValueInRangeForNumericType<V>(presult);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedAddFastAsmOp {
+  static const bool is_supported =
+      BigEnoughPromotion<T, U>::is_contained &&
+      IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<
+          int32_t,
+          typename BigEnoughPromotion<T, U>::type>::value;
+
+  template <typename V>
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static V Do(T x, U y) {
+    // This will get promoted to an int, so let the compiler do whatever is
+    // clever and rely on the saturated cast to bounds check.
+    if (IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<int, T, U>::value)
+      return saturated_cast<V>(x + y);
+
+    int32_t result;
+    int32_t x_i32 = checked_cast<int32_t>(x);
+    int32_t y_i32 = checked_cast<int32_t>(y);
+
+    asm("qadd %[result], %[first], %[second]"
+        : [result] "=r"(result)
+        : [first] "r"(x_i32), [second] "r"(y_i32));
+    return saturated_cast<V>(result);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedSubFastAsmOp {
+  static const bool is_supported =
+      BigEnoughPromotion<T, U>::is_contained &&
+      IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<
+          int32_t,
+          typename BigEnoughPromotion<T, U>::type>::value;
+
+  template <typename V>
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static V Do(T x, U y) {
+    // This will get promoted to an int, so let the compiler do whatever is
+    // clever and rely on the saturated cast to bounds check.
+    if (IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<int, T, U>::value)
+      return saturated_cast<V>(x - y);
+
+    int32_t result;
+    int32_t x_i32 = checked_cast<int32_t>(x);
+    int32_t y_i32 = checked_cast<int32_t>(y);
+
+    asm("qsub %[result], %[first], %[second]"
+        : [result] "=r"(result)
+        : [first] "r"(x_i32), [second] "r"(y_i32));
+    return saturated_cast<V>(result);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedMulFastAsmOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = CheckedMulFastAsmOp<T, U>::is_supported;
+
+  template <typename V>
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static V Do(T x, U y) {
+    // Use the CheckedMulFastAsmOp for full-width 32-bit values, because
+    // it's fewer instructions than promoting and then saturating.
+    if (!IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<int32_t, T, U>::value &&
+        !IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<uint32_t, T, U>::value) {
+      V result;
+      if (CheckedMulFastAsmOp<T, U>::Do(x, y, &result))
+        return result;
+      return CommonMaxOrMin<V>(IsValueNegative(x) ^ IsValueNegative(y));
+    }
+
+    assert((FastIntegerArithmeticPromotion<T, U>::is_contained));
+    using Promotion = typename FastIntegerArithmeticPromotion<T, U>::type;
+    return saturated_cast<V>(static_cast<Promotion>(x) *
+                             static_cast<Promotion>(y));
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_ARM_IMPL_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/safe_math_clang_gcc_impl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_CLANG_GCC_IMPL_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_CLANG_GCC_IMPL_H_
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "base/numerics/safe_conversions.h"
+
+#if !defined(__native_client__) && (defined(__ARMEL__) || defined(__arch64__))
+#include "base/numerics/safe_math_arm_impl.h"
+#define BASE_HAS_ASSEMBLER_SAFE_MATH (1)
+#else
+#define BASE_HAS_ASSEMBLER_SAFE_MATH (0)
+#endif
+
+namespace base {
+namespace internal {
+
+// These are the non-functioning boilerplate implementations of the optimized
+// safe math routines.
+#if !BASE_HAS_ASSEMBLER_SAFE_MATH
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedMulFastAsmOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T, U, V*) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<bool>();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedAddFastAsmOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr V Do(T, U) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<V>();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedSubFastAsmOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr V Do(T, U) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<V>();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedMulFastAsmOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr V Do(T, U) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<V>();
+  }
+};
+#endif  // BASE_HAS_ASSEMBLER_SAFE_MATH
+#undef BASE_HAS_ASSEMBLER_SAFE_MATH
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedAddFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = true;
+  template <typename V>
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    return !__builtin_add_overflow(x, y, result);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedSubFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = true;
+  template <typename V>
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    return !__builtin_sub_overflow(x, y, result);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedMulFastOp {
+#if defined(__clang__)
+  // TODO(jschuh): Get the Clang runtime library issues sorted out so we can
+  // support full-width, mixed-sign multiply builtins.
+  // https://crbug.com/613003
+  // We can support intptr_t, uintptr_t, or a smaller common type.
+  static const bool is_supported =
+      (IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<intptr_t, T>::value &&
+       IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<intptr_t, U>::value) ||
+      (IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<uintptr_t, T>::value &&
+       IsTypeInRangeForNumericType<uintptr_t, U>::value);
+#else
+  static const bool is_supported = true;
+#endif
+  template <typename V>
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static constexpr bool Do(T x, U y, V* result) {
+    return CheckedMulFastAsmOp<T, U>::is_supported
+               ? CheckedMulFastAsmOp<T, U>::Do(x, y, result)
+               : !__builtin_mul_overflow(x, y, result);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedAddFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = ClampedAddFastAsmOp<T, U>::is_supported;
+  template <typename V>
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static V Do(T x, U y) {
+    return ClampedAddFastAsmOp<T, U>::template Do<V>(x, y);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedSubFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = ClampedSubFastAsmOp<T, U>::is_supported;
+  template <typename V>
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static V Do(T x, U y) {
+    return ClampedSubFastAsmOp<T, U>::template Do<V>(x, y);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedMulFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = ClampedMulFastAsmOp<T, U>::is_supported;
+  template <typename V>
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static V Do(T x, U y) {
+    return ClampedMulFastAsmOp<T, U>::template Do<V>(x, y);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct ClampedNegFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = std::is_signed<T>::value;
+  __attribute__((always_inline)) static T Do(T value) {
+    // Use this when there is no assembler path available.
+    if (!ClampedSubFastAsmOp<T, T>::is_supported) {
+      T result;
+      return !__builtin_sub_overflow(T(0), value, &result)
+                 ? result
+                 : std::numeric_limits<T>::max();
+    }
+
+    // Fallback to the normal subtraction path.
+    return ClampedSubFastOp<T, T>::template Do<T>(T(0), value);
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_CLANG_GCC_IMPL_H_

dep/chromium/base/numerics/safe_math_shared_impl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_SHARED_IMPL_H_
+#define BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_SHARED_IMPL_H_
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <climits>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "base/numerics/safe_conversions.h"
+
+#ifdef __asmjs__
+// Optimized safe math instructions are incompatible with asmjs.
+#define BASE_HAS_OPTIMIZED_SAFE_MATH (0)
+// Where available use builtin math overflow support on Clang and GCC.
+#elif !defined(__native_client__) &&                         \
+      ((defined(__clang__) &&                                \
+        ((__clang_major__ > 3) ||                            \
+         (__clang_major__ == 3 && __clang_minor__ >= 4))) || \
+       (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 5))
+#include "base/numerics/safe_math_clang_gcc_impl.h"
+#define BASE_HAS_OPTIMIZED_SAFE_MATH (1)
+#else
+#define BASE_HAS_OPTIMIZED_SAFE_MATH (0)
+#endif
+
+namespace base {
+namespace internal {
+
+// These are the non-functioning boilerplate implementations of the optimized
+// safe math routines.
+#if !BASE_HAS_OPTIMIZED_SAFE_MATH
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedAddFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T, U, V*) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<bool>();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedSubFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T, U, V*) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<bool>();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct CheckedMulFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr bool Do(T, U, V*) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<bool>();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedAddFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr V Do(T, U) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<V>();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedSubFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr V Do(T, U) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<V>();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct ClampedMulFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  template <typename V>
+  static constexpr V Do(T, U) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<V>();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct ClampedNegFastOp {
+  static const bool is_supported = false;
+  static constexpr T Do(T) {
+    // Force a compile failure if instantiated.
+    return CheckOnFailure::template HandleFailure<T>();
+  }
+};
+#endif  // BASE_HAS_OPTIMIZED_SAFE_MATH
+#undef BASE_HAS_OPTIMIZED_SAFE_MATH
+
+// This is used for UnsignedAbs, where we need to support floating-point
+// template instantiations even though we don't actually support the operations.
+// However, there is no corresponding implementation of e.g. SafeUnsignedAbs,
+// so the float versions will not compile.
+template <typename Numeric,
+          bool IsInteger = std::is_integral<Numeric>::value,
+          bool IsFloat = std::is_floating_point<Numeric>::value>
+struct UnsignedOrFloatForSize;
+
+template <typename Numeric>
+struct UnsignedOrFloatForSize<Numeric, true, false> {
+  using type = typename std::make_unsigned<Numeric>::type;
+};
+
+template <typename Numeric>
+struct UnsignedOrFloatForSize<Numeric, false, true> {
+  using type = Numeric;
+};
+
+// Wrap the unary operations to allow SFINAE when instantiating integrals versus
+// floating points. These don't perform any overflow checking. Rather, they
+// exhibit well-defined overflow semantics and rely on the caller to detect
+// if an overflow occured.
+
+template <typename T,
+          typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr T NegateWrapper(T value) {
+  using UnsignedT = typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+  // This will compile to a NEG on Intel, and is normal negation on ARM.
+  return static_cast<T>(UnsignedT(0) - static_cast<UnsignedT>(value));
+}
+
+template <
+    typename T,
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr T NegateWrapper(T value) {
+  return -value;
+}
+
+template <typename T,
+          typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type InvertWrapper(T value) {
+  return ~value;
+}
+
+template <typename T,
+          typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr T AbsWrapper(T value) {
+  return static_cast<T>(SafeUnsignedAbs(value));
+}
+
+template <
+    typename T,
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
+constexpr T AbsWrapper(T value) {
+  return value < 0 ? -value : value;
+}
+
+template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M,
+          typename L,
+          typename R>
+struct MathWrapper {
+  using math = M<typename UnderlyingType<L>::type,
+                 typename UnderlyingType<R>::type,
+                 void>;
+  using type = typename math::result_type;
+};
+
+// These variadic templates work out the return types.
+// TODO(jschuh): Rip all this out once we have C++14 non-trailing auto support.
+template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M,
+          typename L,
+          typename R,
+          typename... Args>
+struct ResultType;
+
+template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M,
+          typename L,
+          typename R>
+struct ResultType<M, L, R> {
+  using type = typename MathWrapper<M, L, R>::type;
+};
+
+template <template <typename, typename, typename> class M,
+          typename L,
+          typename R,
+          typename... Args>
+struct ResultType {
+  using type =
+      typename ResultType<M, typename ResultType<M, L, R>::type, Args...>::type;
+};
+
+// The following macros are just boilerplate for the standard arithmetic
+// operator overloads and variadic function templates. A macro isn't the nicest
+// solution, but it beats rewriting these over and over again.
+#define BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_VARIADIC(CLASS, CL_ABBR, OP_NAME)       \
+  template <typename L, typename R, typename... Args>                   \
+  constexpr CLASS##Numeric<                                             \
+      typename ResultType<CLASS##OP_NAME##Op, L, R, Args...>::type>     \
+      CL_ABBR##OP_NAME(const L lhs, const R rhs, const Args... args) {  \
+    return CL_ABBR##MathOp<CLASS##OP_NAME##Op, L, R, Args...>(lhs, rhs, \
+                                                              args...); \
+  }
+
+#define BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(CLASS, CL_ABBR, OP_NAME, OP, CMP_OP) \
+  /* Binary arithmetic operator for all CLASS##Numeric operations. */          \
+  template <typename L, typename R,                                            \
+            typename std::enable_if<Is##CLASS##Op<L, R>::value>::type* =       \
+                nullptr>                                                       \
+  constexpr CLASS##Numeric<                                                    \
+      typename MathWrapper<CLASS##OP_NAME##Op, L, R>::type>                    \
+  operator OP(const L lhs, const R rhs) {                                      \
+    return decltype(lhs OP rhs)::template MathOp<CLASS##OP_NAME##Op>(lhs,      \
+                                                                     rhs);     \
+  }                                                                            \
+  /* Assignment arithmetic operator implementation from CLASS##Numeric. */     \
+  template <typename L>                                                        \
+  template <typename R>                                                        \
+  constexpr CLASS##Numeric<L>& CLASS##Numeric<L>::operator CMP_OP(             \
+      const R rhs) {                                                           \
+    return MathOp<CLASS##OP_NAME##Op>(rhs);                                    \
+  }                                                                            \
+  /* Variadic arithmetic functions that return CLASS##Numeric. */              \
+  BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_VARIADIC(CLASS, CL_ABBR, OP_NAME)
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace base
+
+#endif  // BASE_NUMERICS_SAFE_MATH_SHARED_IMPL_H_

dep/chromium/cgmanifest.json

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{"Registrations":[ 
+    {
+      "component": { 
+       "type": "git", 
+       "git": { 
+         "repositoryUrl": "https://github.com/chromium/chromium", 
+         "commitHash": "d8710dd959da8e3be56f20af8cc94fbf560fbb6b" 
+         }
+       }
+    }
+ ],
+ "Version": 1
+}

dep/dynamic_bitset/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2019 Maxime Pinard
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

dep/dynamic_bitset/MAINTAINER_README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+### Notes for Future Maintainers
+
+This was originally imported by @miniksa in March 2020.
+
+The provenance information (where it came from and which commit) is stored in the file `cgmanifest.json` in the same directory as this readme.
+Please update the provenance information in that file when ingesting an updated version of the dependent library.
+That provenance file is automatically read and inventoried by Microsoft systems to ensure compliance with appropiate governance standards.
+
+## What should be done to update this in the future?
+
+1. Go to pinam45/dynamic_bitset repository on GitHub.
+2. Take the entire contents of the include directory wholesale and drop it in the root directory here.
+3. Don't change anything about it.
+4. Validate that the license in the root of the repository didn't change and update it if so. It is sitting in the same directory as this readme. 
+   If it changed dramatically, ensure that it is still compatible with our license scheme. Also update the NOTICE file in the root of our repository to declare the third-party usage.
+5. Submit the pull.
+

dep/dynamic_bitset/cgmanifest.json

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{"Registrations":[ 
+    {
+      "component": { 
+       "type": "git", 
+       "git": { 
+         "repositoryUrl": "https://github.com/pinam45/dynamic_bitset", 
+         "commitHash": "00f2d066ce9deebf28b006636150e5a882beb83f" 
+         }
+       }
+    }
+ ],
+ "Version": 1
+}

dep/libpopcnt/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+BSD 2-Clause License
+
+Copyright (c) 2016 - 2019, Kim Walisch
+Copyright (c) 2016 - 2019, Wojciech Muła
+
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
+ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
+ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

dep/libpopcnt/MAINTAINER_README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+### Notes for Future Maintainers
+
+This was originally imported by @miniksa in March 2020.
+
+The provenance information (where it came from and which commit) is stored in the file `cgmanifest.json` in the same directory as this readme.
+Please update the provenance information in that file when ingesting an updated version of the dependent library.
+That provenance file is automatically read and inventoried by Microsoft systems to ensure compliance with appropiate governance standards.
+
+## What should be done to update this in the future?
+
+1. Go to kimwalisch/libpopcnt repository on GitHub.
+2. Take the `libpopcnt.h` file.
+3. Don't change anything about it.
+4. Validate that the `LICENSE` in the root of the repository didn't change and update it if so. It is sitting in the same directory as this readme. 
+   If it changed dramatically, ensure that it is still compatible with our license scheme. Also update the NOTICE file in the root of our repository to declare the third-party usage.
+5. Submit the pull.
+

dep/libpopcnt/cgmanifest.json

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{"Registrations":[ 
+    {
+      "component": { 
+       "type": "git", 
+       "git": { 
+         "repositoryUrl": "https://github.com/kimwalisch/libpopcnt", 
+         "commitHash": "043a99fba31121a70bcb2f589faa17f534ae6085" 
+         }
+       }
+    }
+ ],
+ "Version": 1
+}

dep/libpopcnt/libpopcnt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,841 @@
+/*
+ * libpopcnt.h - C/C++ library for counting the number of 1 bits (bit
+ * population count) in an array as quickly as possible using
+ * specialized CPU instructions i.e. POPCNT, AVX2, AVX512, NEON.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2016 - 2019, Kim Walisch
+ * Copyright (c) 2016 - 2018, Wojciech Muła
+ *
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+ *    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+ * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+ * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
+ * ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef LIBPOPCNT_H
+#define LIBPOPCNT_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#ifndef __has_builtin
+  #define __has_builtin(x) 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __has_attribute
+  #define __has_attribute(x) 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+  #define GNUC_PREREQ(x, y) \
+      (__GNUC__ > x || (__GNUC__ == x && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= y))
+#else
+  #define GNUC_PREREQ(x, y) 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+  #define CLANG_PREREQ(x, y) \
+      (__clang_major__ > x || (__clang_major__ == x && __clang_minor__ >= y))
+#else
+  #define CLANG_PREREQ(x, y) 0
+#endif
+
+#if (_MSC_VER < 1900) && \
+    !defined(__cplusplus)
+  #define inline __inline
+#endif
+
+#if (defined(__i386__) || \
+     defined(__x86_64__) || \
+     defined(_M_IX86) || \
+     defined(_M_X64))
+  #define X86_OR_X64
+#endif
+
+#if defined(X86_OR_X64) && \
+   (defined(__cplusplus) || \
+    defined(_MSC_VER) || \
+   (GNUC_PREREQ(4, 2) || \
+    __has_builtin(__sync_val_compare_and_swap)))
+  #define HAVE_CPUID
+#endif
+
+#if GNUC_PREREQ(4, 2) || \
+    __has_builtin(__builtin_popcount)
+  #define HAVE_BUILTIN_POPCOUNT
+#endif
+
+#if GNUC_PREREQ(4, 2) || \
+    CLANG_PREREQ(3, 0)
+  #define HAVE_ASM_POPCNT
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_CPUID) && \
+   (defined(HAVE_ASM_POPCNT) || \
+    defined(_MSC_VER))
+  #define HAVE_POPCNT
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_CPUID) && \
+    GNUC_PREREQ(4, 9)
+  #define HAVE_AVX2
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_CPUID) && \
+    GNUC_PREREQ(5, 0)
+  #define HAVE_AVX512
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_CPUID) && \
+    defined(_MSC_VER) && \
+    defined(__AVX2__)
+  #define HAVE_AVX2
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_CPUID) && \
+    defined(_MSC_VER) && \
+    defined(__AVX512__)
+  #define HAVE_AVX512
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_CPUID) && \
+    CLANG_PREREQ(3, 8) && \
+    __has_attribute(target) && \
+   (!defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__AVX2__)) && \
+   (!defined(__apple_build_version__) || __apple_build_version__ >= 8000000)
+  #define HAVE_AVX2
+  #define HAVE_AVX512
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * This uses fewer arithmetic operations than any other known
+ * implementation on machines with fast multiplication.
+ * It uses 12 arithmetic operations, one of which is a multiply.
+ * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamming_weight#Efficient_implementation
+ */
+static inline uint64_t popcount64(uint64_t x)
+{
+  uint64_t m1 = 0x5555555555555555ll;
+  uint64_t m2 = 0x3333333333333333ll;
+  uint64_t m4 = 0x0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0Fll;
+  uint64_t h01 = 0x0101010101010101ll;
+
+  x -= (x >> 1) & m1;
+  x = (x & m2) + ((x >> 2) & m2);
+  x = (x + (x >> 4)) & m4;
+
+  return (x * h01) >> 56;
+}
+
+#if defined(HAVE_ASM_POPCNT) && \
+    defined(__x86_64__)
+
+static inline uint64_t popcnt64(uint64_t x)
+{
+  __asm__ ("popcnt %1, %0" : "=r" (x) : "0" (x));
+  return x;
+}
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_ASM_POPCNT) && \
+      defined(__i386__)
+
+static inline uint32_t popcnt32(uint32_t x)
+{
+  __asm__ ("popcnt %1, %0" : "=r" (x) : "0" (x));
+  return x;
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t popcnt64(uint64_t x)
+{
+  return popcnt32((uint32_t) x) +
+         popcnt32((uint32_t)(x >> 32));
+}
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && \
+      defined(_M_X64)
+
+#include <nmmintrin.h>
+
+static inline uint64_t popcnt64(uint64_t x)
+{
+  return _mm_popcnt_u64(x);
+}
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && \
+      defined(_M_IX86)
+
+#include <nmmintrin.h>
+
+static inline uint64_t popcnt64(uint64_t x)
+{
+  return _mm_popcnt_u32((uint32_t) x) + 
+         _mm_popcnt_u32((uint32_t)(x >> 32));
+}
+
+/* non x86 CPUs */
+#elif defined(HAVE_BUILTIN_POPCOUNT)
+
+static inline uint64_t popcnt64(uint64_t x)
+{
+  return __builtin_popcountll(x);
+}
+
+/* no hardware POPCNT,
+ * use pure integer algorithm */
+#else
+
+static inline uint64_t popcnt64(uint64_t x)
+{
+  return popcount64(x);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static inline uint64_t popcnt64_unrolled(const uint64_t* data, uint64_t size)
+{
+  uint64_t i = 0;
+  uint64_t limit = size - size % 4;
+  uint64_t cnt = 0;
+
+  for (; i < limit; i += 4)
+  {
+    cnt += popcnt64(data[i+0]);
+    cnt += popcnt64(data[i+1]);
+    cnt += popcnt64(data[i+2]);
+    cnt += popcnt64(data[i+3]);
+  }
+
+  for (; i < size; i++)
+    cnt += popcnt64(data[i]);
+
+  return cnt;
+}
+
+#if defined(HAVE_CPUID)
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+  #include <intrin.h>
+  #include <immintrin.h>
+#endif
+
+/* %ecx bit flags */
+#define bit_POPCNT (1 << 23)
+
+/* %ebx bit flags */
+#define bit_AVX2   (1 << 5)
+#define bit_AVX512 (1 << 30)
+
+/* xgetbv bit flags */
+#define XSTATE_SSE (1 << 1)
+#define XSTATE_YMM (1 << 2)
+#define XSTATE_ZMM (7 << 5)
+
+static inline void run_cpuid(int eax, int ecx, int* abcd)
+{
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+  __cpuidex(abcd, eax, ecx);
+#else
+  int ebx = 0;
+  int edx = 0;
+
+  #if defined(__i386__) && \
+      defined(__PIC__)
+    /* in case of PIC under 32-bit EBX cannot be clobbered */
+    __asm__ ("movl %%ebx, %%edi;"
+             "cpuid;"
+             "xchgl %%ebx, %%edi;"
+             : "=D" (ebx),
+               "+a" (eax),
+               "+c" (ecx),
+               "=d" (edx));
+  #else
+    __asm__ ("cpuid;"
+             : "+b" (ebx),
+               "+a" (eax),
+               "+c" (ecx),
+               "=d" (edx));
+  #endif
+
+  abcd[0] = eax;
+  abcd[1] = ebx;
+  abcd[2] = ecx;
+  abcd[3] = edx;
+#endif
+}
+
+#if defined(HAVE_AVX2) || \
+    defined(HAVE_AVX512)
+
+static inline int get_xcr0()
+{
+  int xcr0;
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+  xcr0 = (int) _xgetbv(0);
+#else
+  __asm__ ("xgetbv" : "=a" (xcr0) : "c" (0) : "%edx" );
+#endif
+
+  return xcr0;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static inline int get_cpuid()
+{
+  int flags = 0;
+  int abcd[4];
+
+  run_cpuid(1, 0, abcd);
+
+  if ((abcd[2] & bit_POPCNT) == bit_POPCNT)
+    flags |= bit_POPCNT;
+
+#if defined(HAVE_AVX2) || \
+    defined(HAVE_AVX512)
+
+  int osxsave_mask = (1 << 27);
+
+  /* ensure OS supports extended processor state management */
+  if ((abcd[2] & osxsave_mask) != osxsave_mask)
+    return 0;
+
+  int ymm_mask = XSTATE_SSE | XSTATE_YMM;
+  int zmm_mask = XSTATE_SSE | XSTATE_YMM | XSTATE_ZMM;
+
+  int xcr0 = get_xcr0();
+
+  if ((xcr0 & ymm_mask) == ymm_mask)
+  {
+    run_cpuid(7, 0, abcd);
+
+    if ((abcd[1] & bit_AVX2) == bit_AVX2)
+      flags |= bit_AVX2;
+
+    if ((xcr0 & zmm_mask) == zmm_mask)
+    {
+      if ((abcd[1] & bit_AVX512) == bit_AVX512)
+        flags |= bit_AVX512;
+    }
+  }
+
+#endif
+
+  return flags;
+}
+
+#endif /* cpuid */
+
+#if defined(HAVE_AVX2)
+
+#include <immintrin.h>
+
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+  __attribute__ ((target ("avx2")))
+#endif
+static inline void CSA256(__m256i* h, __m256i* l, __m256i a, __m256i b, __m256i c)
+{
+  __m256i u = _mm256_xor_si256(a, b);
+  *h = _mm256_or_si256(_mm256_and_si256(a, b), _mm256_and_si256(u, c));
+  *l = _mm256_xor_si256(u, c);
+}
+
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+  __attribute__ ((target ("avx2")))
+#endif
+static inline __m256i popcnt256(__m256i v)
+{
+  __m256i lookup1 = _mm256_setr_epi8(
+      4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
+      5, 6, 6, 7, 6, 7, 7, 8,
+      4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
+      5, 6, 6, 7, 6, 7, 7, 8
+  );
+
+  __m256i lookup2 = _mm256_setr_epi8(
+      4, 3, 3, 2, 3, 2, 2, 1,
+      3, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0,
+      4, 3, 3, 2, 3, 2, 2, 1,
+      3, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0
+  );
+
+  __m256i low_mask = _mm256_set1_epi8(0x0f);
+  __m256i lo = _mm256_and_si256(v, low_mask);
+  __m256i hi = _mm256_and_si256(_mm256_srli_epi16(v, 4), low_mask);
+  __m256i popcnt1 = _mm256_shuffle_epi8(lookup1, lo);
+  __m256i popcnt2 = _mm256_shuffle_epi8(lookup2, hi);
+
+  return _mm256_sad_epu8(popcnt1, popcnt2);
+}
+
+/*
+ * AVX2 Harley-Seal popcount (4th iteration).
+ * The algorithm is based on the paper "Faster Population Counts
+ * using AVX2 Instructions" by Daniel Lemire, Nathan Kurz and
+ * Wojciech Mula (23 Nov 2016).
+ * @see https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.07612
+ */
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+  __attribute__ ((target ("avx2")))
+#endif
+static inline uint64_t popcnt_avx2(const __m256i* data, uint64_t size)
+{
+  __m256i cnt = _mm256_setzero_si256();
+  __m256i ones = _mm256_setzero_si256();
+  __m256i twos = _mm256_setzero_si256();
+  __m256i fours = _mm256_setzero_si256();
+  __m256i eights = _mm256_setzero_si256();
+  __m256i sixteens = _mm256_setzero_si256();
+  __m256i twosA, twosB, foursA, foursB, eightsA, eightsB;
+
+  uint64_t i = 0;
+  uint64_t limit = size - size % 16;
+  uint64_t* cnt64;
+
+  for(; i < limit; i += 16)
+  {
+    CSA256(&twosA, &ones, ones, data[i+0], data[i+1]);
+    CSA256(&twosB, &ones, ones, data[i+2], data[i+3]);
+    CSA256(&foursA, &twos, twos, twosA, twosB);
+    CSA256(&twosA, &ones, ones, data[i+4], data[i+5]);
+    CSA256(&twosB, &ones, ones, data[i+6], data[i+7]);
+    CSA256(&foursB, &twos, twos, twosA, twosB);
+    CSA256(&eightsA, &fours, fours, foursA, foursB);
+    CSA256(&twosA, &ones, ones, data[i+8], data[i+9]);
+    CSA256(&twosB, &ones, ones, data[i+10], data[i+11]);
+    CSA256(&foursA, &twos, twos, twosA, twosB);
+    CSA256(&twosA, &ones, ones, data[i+12], data[i+13]);
+    CSA256(&twosB, &ones, ones, data[i+14], data[i+15]);
+    CSA256(&foursB, &twos, twos, twosA, twosB);
+    CSA256(&eightsB, &fours, fours, foursA, foursB);
+    CSA256(&sixteens, &eights, eights, eightsA, eightsB);
+
+    cnt = _mm256_add_epi64(cnt, popcnt256(sixteens));
+  }
+
+  cnt = _mm256_slli_epi64(cnt, 4);
+  cnt = _mm256_add_epi64(cnt, _mm256_slli_epi64(popcnt256(eights), 3));
+  cnt = _mm256_add_epi64(cnt, _mm256_slli_epi64(popcnt256(fours), 2));
+  cnt = _mm256_add_epi64(cnt, _mm256_slli_epi64(popcnt256(twos), 1));
+  cnt = _mm256_add_epi64(cnt, popcnt256(ones));
+
+  for(; i < size; i++)
+    cnt = _mm256_add_epi64(cnt, popcnt256(data[i]));
+
+  cnt64 = (uint64_t*) &cnt;
+
+  return cnt64[0] +
+         cnt64[1] +
+         cnt64[2] +
+         cnt64[3];
+}
+
+/* Align memory to 32 bytes boundary */
+static inline void align_avx2(const uint8_t** p, uint64_t* size, uint64_t* cnt)
+{
+  for (; (uintptr_t) *p % 8; (*p)++)
+  {
+    *cnt += popcnt64(**p);
+    *size -= 1;
+  }
+  for (; (uintptr_t) *p % 32; (*p) += 8)
+  {
+    *cnt += popcnt64(
+        *(const uint64_t*) *p);
+    *size -= 8;
+  }
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_AVX512)
+
+#include <immintrin.h>
+
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+  __attribute__ ((target ("avx512bw")))
+#endif
+static inline __m512i popcnt512(__m512i v)
+{
+  __m512i m1 = _mm512_set1_epi8(0x55);
+  __m512i m2 = _mm512_set1_epi8(0x33);
+  __m512i m4 = _mm512_set1_epi8(0x0F);
+  __m512i t1 = _mm512_sub_epi8(v, (_mm512_srli_epi16(v, 1) & m1));
+  __m512i t2 = _mm512_add_epi8(t1 & m2, (_mm512_srli_epi16(t1, 2) & m2));
+  __m512i t3 = _mm512_add_epi8(t2, _mm512_srli_epi16(t2, 4)) & m4;
+
+  return _mm512_sad_epu8(t3, _mm512_setzero_si512());
+}
+
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+  __attribute__ ((target ("avx512bw")))
+#endif
+static inline void CSA512(__m512i* h, __m512i* l, __m512i a, __m512i b, __m512i c)
+{
+  *l = _mm512_ternarylogic_epi32(c, b, a, 0x96);
+  *h = _mm512_ternarylogic_epi32(c, b, a, 0xe8);
+}
+
+/*
+ * AVX512 Harley-Seal popcount (4th iteration).
+ * The algorithm is based on the paper "Faster Population Counts
+ * using AVX2 Instructions" by Daniel Lemire, Nathan Kurz and
+ * Wojciech Mula (23 Nov 2016).
+ * @see https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.07612
+ */
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+  __attribute__ ((target ("avx512bw")))
+#endif
+static inline uint64_t popcnt_avx512(const __m512i* data, const uint64_t size)
+{
+  __m512i cnt = _mm512_setzero_si512();
+  __m512i ones = _mm512_setzero_si512();
+  __m512i twos = _mm512_setzero_si512();
+  __m512i fours = _mm512_setzero_si512();
+  __m512i eights = _mm512_setzero_si512();
+  __m512i sixteens = _mm512_setzero_si512();
+  __m512i twosA, twosB, foursA, foursB, eightsA, eightsB;
+
+  uint64_t i = 0;
+  uint64_t limit = size - size % 16;
+  uint64_t* cnt64;
+
+  for(; i < limit; i += 16)
+  {
+    CSA512(&twosA, &ones, ones, data[i+0], data[i+1]);
+    CSA512(&twosB, &ones, ones, data[i+2], data[i+3]);
+    CSA512(&foursA, &twos, twos, twosA, twosB);
+    CSA512(&twosA, &ones, ones, data[i+4], data[i+5]);
+    CSA512(&twosB, &ones, ones, data[i+6], data[i+7]);
+    CSA512(&foursB, &twos, twos, twosA, twosB);
+    CSA512(&eightsA, &fours, fours, foursA, foursB);
+    CSA512(&twosA, &ones, ones, data[i+8], data[i+9]);
+    CSA512(&twosB, &ones, ones, data[i+10], data[i+11]);
+    CSA512(&foursA, &twos, twos, twosA, twosB);
+    CSA512(&twosA, &ones, ones, data[i+12], data[i+13]);
+    CSA512(&twosB, &ones, ones, data[i+14], data[i+15]);
+    CSA512(&foursB, &twos, twos, twosA, twosB);
+    CSA512(&eightsB, &fours, fours, foursA, foursB);
+    CSA512(&sixteens, &eights, eights, eightsA, eightsB);
+
+    cnt = _mm512_add_epi64(cnt, popcnt512(sixteens));
+  }
+
+  cnt = _mm512_slli_epi64(cnt, 4);
+  cnt = _mm512_add_epi64(cnt, _mm512_slli_epi64(popcnt512(eights), 3));
+  cnt = _mm512_add_epi64(cnt, _mm512_slli_epi64(popcnt512(fours), 2));
+  cnt = _mm512_add_epi64(cnt, _mm512_slli_epi64(popcnt512(twos), 1));
+  cnt = _mm512_add_epi64(cnt, popcnt512(ones));
+
+  for(; i < size; i++)
+    cnt = _mm512_add_epi64(cnt, popcnt512(data[i]));
+
+  cnt64 = (uint64_t*) &cnt;
+
+  return cnt64[0] +
+         cnt64[1] +
+         cnt64[2] +
+         cnt64[3] +
+         cnt64[4] +
+         cnt64[5] +
+         cnt64[6] +
+         cnt64[7];
+}
+
+/* Align memory to 64 bytes boundary */
+static inline void align_avx512(const uint8_t** p, uint64_t* size, uint64_t* cnt)
+{
+  for (; (uintptr_t) *p % 8; (*p)++)
+  {
+    *cnt += popcnt64(**p);
+    *size -= 1;
+  }
+  for (; (uintptr_t) *p % 64; (*p) += 8)
+  {
+    *cnt += popcnt64(
+        *(const uint64_t*) *p);
+    *size -= 8;
+  }
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/* x86 CPUs */
+#if defined(X86_OR_X64)
+
+/* Align memory to 8 bytes boundary */
+static inline void align_8(const uint8_t** p, uint64_t* size, uint64_t* cnt)
+{
+  for (; *size > 0 && (uintptr_t) *p % 8; (*p)++)
+  {
+    *cnt += popcount64(**p);
+    *size -= 1;
+  }
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t popcount64_unrolled(const uint64_t* data, uint64_t size)
+{
+  uint64_t i = 0;
+  uint64_t limit = size - size % 4;
+  uint64_t cnt = 0;
+
+  for (; i < limit; i += 4)
+  {
+    cnt += popcount64(data[i+0]);
+    cnt += popcount64(data[i+1]);
+    cnt += popcount64(data[i+2]);
+    cnt += popcount64(data[i+3]);
+  }
+
+  for (; i < size; i++)
+    cnt += popcount64(data[i]);
+
+  return cnt;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Count the number of 1 bits in the data array
+ * @data: An array
+ * @size: Size of data in bytes
+ */
+static inline uint64_t popcnt(const void* data, uint64_t size)
+{
+  const uint8_t* ptr = (const uint8_t*) data;
+  uint64_t cnt = 0;
+  uint64_t i;
+
+#if defined(HAVE_CPUID)
+  #if defined(__cplusplus)
+    /* C++11 thread-safe singleton */
+    static const int cpuid = get_cpuid();
+  #else
+    static int cpuid_ = -1;
+    int cpuid = cpuid_;
+    if (cpuid == -1)
+    {
+      cpuid = get_cpuid();
+
+      #if defined(_MSC_VER)
+        _InterlockedCompareExchange(&cpuid_, cpuid, -1);
+      #else
+        __sync_val_compare_and_swap(&cpuid_, -1, cpuid);
+      #endif
+    }
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_AVX512)
+
+  /* AVX512 requires arrays >= 1024 bytes */
+  if ((cpuid & bit_AVX512) &&
+      size >= 1024)
+  {
+    align_avx512(&ptr, &size, &cnt);
+    cnt += popcnt_avx512((const __m512i*) ptr, size / 64);
+    ptr += size - size % 64;
+    size = size % 64;
+  }
+
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_AVX2)
+
+  /* AVX2 requires arrays >= 512 bytes */
+  if ((cpuid & bit_AVX2) &&
+      size >= 512)
+  {
+    align_avx2(&ptr, &size, &cnt);
+    cnt += popcnt_avx2((const __m256i*) ptr, size / 32);
+    ptr += size - size % 32;
+    size = size % 32;
+  }
+
+#endif
+
+#if defined(HAVE_POPCNT)
+
+  if (cpuid & bit_POPCNT)
+  {
+    cnt += popcnt64_unrolled((const uint64_t*) ptr, size / 8);
+    ptr += size - size % 8;
+    size = size % 8;
+    for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
+      cnt += popcnt64(ptr[i]);
+
+    return cnt;
+  }
+
+#endif
+
+  /* pure integer popcount algorithm */
+  if (size >= 8)
+  {
+    align_8(&ptr, &size, &cnt);
+    cnt += popcount64_unrolled((const uint64_t*) ptr, size / 8);
+    ptr += size - size % 8;
+    size = size % 8;
+  }
+
+  /* pure integer popcount algorithm */
+  for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
+    cnt += popcount64(ptr[i]);
+
+  return cnt;
+}
+
+#elif defined(__ARM_NEON) || \
+      defined(__aarch64__)
+
+#include <arm_neon.h>
+
+/* Align memory to 8 bytes boundary */
+static inline void align_8(const uint8_t** p, uint64_t* size, uint64_t* cnt)
+{
+  for (; *size > 0 && (uintptr_t) *p % 8; (*p)++)
+  {
+    *cnt += popcnt64(**p);
+    *size -= 1;
+  }
+}
+
+static inline uint64x2_t vpadalq(uint64x2_t sum, uint8x16_t t)
+{
+  return vpadalq_u32(sum, vpaddlq_u16(vpaddlq_u8(t)));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Count the number of 1 bits in the data array
+ * @data: An array
+ * @size: Size of data in bytes
+ */
+static inline uint64_t popcnt(const void* data, uint64_t size)
+{
+  uint64_t cnt = 0;
+  uint64_t chunk_size = 64;
+  const uint8_t* ptr = (const uint8_t*) data;
+
+  if (size >= chunk_size)
+  {
+    uint64_t i = 0;
+    uint64_t iters = size / chunk_size;
+    uint64x2_t sum = vcombine_u64(vcreate_u64(0), vcreate_u64(0));
+    uint8x16_t zero = vcombine_u8(vcreate_u8(0), vcreate_u8(0));
+
+    do
+    {
+      uint8x16_t t0 = zero;
+      uint8x16_t t1 = zero;
+      uint8x16_t t2 = zero;
+      uint8x16_t t3 = zero;
+
+      /*
+       * After every 31 iterations we need to add the
+       * temporary sums (t0, t1, t2, t3) to the total sum.
+       * We must ensure that the temporary sums <= 255
+       * and 31 * 8 bits = 248 which is OK.
+       */
+      uint64_t limit = (i + 31 < iters) ? i + 31 : iters;
+  
+      /* Each iteration processes 64 bytes */
+      for (; i < limit; i++)
+      {
+        uint8x16x4_t input = vld4q_u8(ptr);
+        ptr += chunk_size;
+
+        t0 = vaddq_u8(t0, vcntq_u8(input.val[0]));
+        t1 = vaddq_u8(t1, vcntq_u8(input.val[1]));
+        t2 = vaddq_u8(t2, vcntq_u8(input.val[2]));
+        t3 = vaddq_u8(t3, vcntq_u8(input.val[3]));
+      }
+
+      sum = vpadalq(sum, t0);
+      sum = vpadalq(sum, t1);
+      sum = vpadalq(sum, t2);
+      sum = vpadalq(sum, t3);
+    }
+    while (i < iters);
+
+    uint64_t tmp[2];
+    vst1q_u64(tmp, sum);
+    cnt += tmp[0];
+    cnt += tmp[1];
+  }
+
+  size %= chunk_size;
+  align_8(&ptr, &size, &cnt);
+  const uint64_t* ptr64 = (const uint64_t*) ptr;
+  uint64_t iters = size / 8;
+
+  for (uint64_t i = 0; i < iters; i++)
+    cnt += popcnt64(ptr64[i]);
+
+  ptr += size - size % 8;
+  size = size % 8;
+
+  for (uint64_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
+    cnt += popcnt64(ptr[i]);
+
+  return cnt;
+}
+
+/* all other CPUs */
+#else
+
+/* Align memory to 8 bytes boundary */
+static inline void align_8(const uint8_t** p, uint64_t* size, uint64_t* cnt)
+{
+  for (; *size > 0 && (uintptr_t) *p % 8; (*p)++)
+  {
+    *cnt += popcnt64(**p);
+    *size -= 1;
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Count the number of 1 bits in the data array
+ * @data: An array
+ * @size: Size of data in bytes
+ */
+static inline uint64_t popcnt(const void* data, uint64_t size)
+{
+  const uint8_t* ptr = (const uint8_t*) data;
+  uint64_t cnt = 0;
+  uint64_t i;
+
+  align_8(&ptr, &size, &cnt);
+  cnt += popcnt64_unrolled((const uint64_t*) ptr, size / 8);
+  ptr += size - size % 8;
+  size = size % 8;
+  for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
+    cnt += popcnt64(ptr[i]);
+
+  return cnt;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} /* extern "C" */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* LIBPOPCNT_H */

doc/ConsoleHostSettings.md

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ Settings in the Windows Console Host can be a bit tricky to understand. This is
 |---------------------------|-----------------------|--------------------------------------|
 |`FontSize`                 |Coordinate (REG_DWORD) |Size of font in pixels                |
 |`FontFamily`               |REG_DWORD              |GDI Font family                       |
-|`ScreenBufferSize`         |Coordinate (REG_DWORD) |Size of the screen buffer in WxH characters |
+|`ScreenBufferSize`         |Coordinate (REG_DWORD) |Size of the screen buffer in WxH characters\*\* |
 |`CursorSize`               |REG_DWORD              |Cursor height as percentage of a single character |
-|`WindowSize`               |Coordinate (REG_DWORD) |Initial size of the window in WxH characters |
+|`WindowSize`               |Coordinate (REG_DWORD) |Initial size of the window in WxH characters\*\* |
 |`WindowPosition`           |Coordinate (REG_DWORD) |Initial position of the window in WxH pixels (if not set, use auto-positioning) |
 |`WindowAlpha`              |REG_DWORD              |Opacity of the window (valid range: 0x4D-0xFF) |
 |`ScreenColors`             |REG_DWORD              |Default foreground and background colors |
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ Settings in the Windows Console Host can be a bit tricky to understand. This is
 
 *: Only applies to the improved version of the Windows Console Host
 
+**: WxH stands for Width by Height, it's the fact that things like a Window size
+store the Width and Height values in the high and low word in the registry's
+double word values.
+
 ## The Settings Hierarchy
 
 Settings are persisted to a variety of locations depending on how they are modified and how the Windows Console Host was invoked:

doc/Debugging.md

@@ -7,4 +7,31 @@ This file contains notes about debugging various items in the repository.
 If you want to debug code in the Cascadia package via Visual Studio, your breakpoints will not be hit by default. A tweak is required to the *CascadiaPackage* project in order to enable this.
 
 1. Right-click on *CascadiaPackage* in Solution Explorer and select Properties.
-2. Change the *Application process* type from *Mixed (Managed and Native)* to *Native Only*.
+2. Change the *Application process* type from *Mixed (Managed and Native)* to *Native Only*.
+
+## Popping into the Debugger from Running Code
+
+Sometimes you will encounter a scenario where you need to break into the console or terminal code under the debugger but you cannot, for whatever reason, do so by launching it from the beginning under the debugger. This can be especially useful for debugging tests with TAEF which usually launch through several child processes and modules before hitting your code. 
+
+To accomplish this, add a `DebugBreak()` statement somewhere in the code and ensure you have a Post-Mortem debugger set.
+
+**NOTE:** `conhost.exe` already has a provision for a conditional `DebugBreak()` very early in the startup code if it was built in debug mode. Set `HKCU\Console` with `DebugLaunch` as a `REG_DWORD` with the value of `1`.
+
+### Setting Visual Studio as Post Mortem Debugger
+
+Go to `Tools > Options` and then make sure that `Native` is checked as the `Just-In-Time Debugging` provider. (Checking the box, if it is not checked, will require that Visual Studio is launched as Administrator.)
+
+![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/18221333/72091481-1b870100-32c5-11ea-8235-cebb9a383c32.png)
+
+Then when you run something with `DebugBreak()` in it, you will see this: 
+![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/18221333/72091543-42453780-32c5-11ea-8b4b-83a362eb73df.png)
+
+The top ones will be new instances of the Visual Studios installed on your system. The bottom ones will be the running instances of Visual Studio. You can see in the image that one is open already. If you choose the bottom one, VS will attach straight up as if you F5'd from the solution at the point from the `DebugBreak()`. Step up to get out of the break and back into the code.
+
+### Setting WinDBG as Post Mortem Debugger
+
+From an elevated context (a command prompt or whatnot...), run `windbg /I`. This will install the debugger as Post Mortem.
+
+Then run the thing and it will pop straight into a new WinDBG session. Step up to get out of the break and back into the code.
+
+**Caveat:** If you are on an x64 system, you may need to do `windbg /I` with both the x64 and x86 versions of the debugger to catch all circumstances (like if you're trying to run x86 code.) 

doc/Niksa.md

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+# Niksa's explanations
+
+Sometimes @miniksa will write a big, long explanatory comment in an issue thread that turns out to be a decent bit of reference material.
+This document serves as a storage point for those posts.
+
+- [Why do we avoid changing CMD.exe?](#cmd)
+- [Why is typing-to-screen performance better than every other app?](#screenPerf)
+- [How are the Windows graphics/messaging stack assembled?](#gfxMsgStack)
+- [Output Processing between "Far East" and "Western"](#fesb)
+- [Why do we not backport things?](#backport)
+- [Why can't we have mixed elevated and non-elevated tabs in the Terminal?](#elevation)
+
+## <a name="cmd"></a>Why do we avoid changing CMD.exe?
+`setlocal` doesn't behave the same way as an environment variable. It's a thing that would have to be put in at the top of the batch script that is `somefile.cmd` as one of its first commands to adjust the way that one specific batch file is processed by the `cmd.exe` engine. That's probably not suitable for your needs, but that's the way we have to go.
+
+I don't think anyone is disagreeing with you, @mikemaccana, that this would be a five minute development change to read that environment variable and change the behavior of `cmd.exe`. It absolutely would be a tiny development time. 
+
+It's just that from our experience, we know there's going to be a 3-24 month bug tail here where we get massive investigation callbacks by some billion dollar enterprise customer who for whatever reason was already using the environment variable we pick for another purpose. Their script that they give their rank-and-file folks will tell them to press Ctrl+C at some point in the batch script to do whatever happens, it will do something different, those people will notice the script doesn't match the computer anymore. They will then halt the production line and tell their supervisor. The supervisor tells some director. Their director comes screaming at their Microsoft enterprise support contract person that we've introduced a change to the OS that is costing them millions if not billions of dollars in shipments per month. Our directors at Microsoft then come bashing down our doors angry with us and make us fix it ASAP or revert it, we don't get to go home at 5pm to our families or friends because we're fixing it, we get stressed the heck out, we have to spin up servicing potentially for already shipped operating systems which is expensive and headache-causing...etc.
+
+We can see this story coming a million miles away because it has happened before with other 'tiny' change we've been asked to make to `cmd.exe` in the past few years.
+
+I would just ask you to understand that `cmd.exe` is very, very much in a maintenance mode and I just want to set expectations here. We maintain it, yes. We have a renewed interest in command-line development, yes. But our focuses are revolving around improving the terminal and platform itself and bringing modern, supported shells to be the best they can be on Windows. Paul will put this on the backlog of things that people want in `cmd.exe`, yes. But it will sink to the bottom of the backlog because changing `cmd.exe` is our worst nightmare as its compatibility story is among the heaviest of any piece of the operating system.
+
+I would highly recommend that Gulp convert to using PowerShell scripts and that if such an issue exists with PowerShell, that we get their modern, supported, and better-engineered platform to support the scenario. I don't want you to sit around waiting for `cmd.exe` to change this because it's really not going to happen faster than that script could be converted to `ps1` and it fixed in PowerShell Core (if that's even a problem in that world.)
+
+Original Source: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/217#issuecomment-404240443
+
+## <a name="screenPerf"></a>Why is typing-to-screen performance better than every other app?
+
+I really do not mind when someone comes by and decides to tell us that we're doing a good job at something. We hear so many complaints every day that a post like this is a breath of fresh air. Thanks for your thanks!
+
+Also, I'm happy to discuss this with you until you're utterly sick of reading it. Please ask any follow-ons you want. I thrive on blathering about my work. :P
+
+If I had to take an educated guess as to what is making us faster than pretty much any other application on Windows at putting your text on the screen... I would say it is because that is literally our only job! Also probably because we are using darn near the oldest and lowest level APIs that Windows has to accomplish this work.
+
+Pretty much everything else you've listed has some sort of layer or framework involved, or many, many layers and frameworks, when you start talking about Electron and JavaScript. We don't. 
+
+We have one bare, super un-special window with no additional controls attached to it. We get our keys fed into us from just barely above the kernel given that we're processing them from window messages and not from some sort of eventing framework common to pretty much any other more complicated UI framework than ours (WPF, WinForms, UWP, Electron). And we dump our text straight onto the window surface using GDI's [PolyTextOut](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/api/wingdi/nf-wingdi-polytextoutw) with no frills. 
+
+Even `notepad.exe` has multiple controls on its window at the very least and is probably (I haven't looked) using some sort of library framework in the edit control to figure out its text layout (which probably is using another library framework for internationalization support...)
+
+Of course this also means that we have trade offs. We don't support fully international text like pretty much every other application will. RTL? No go zone right now. Surrogate pairs and emoji? We're getting there but not there yet. Indic scripts? Nope. 
+
+Why are we like this? For one, `conhost.exe` is old as dirt. It has to use the bare metal bottom layer of everything because it was created before most of those other frameworks were created. And also it maintains as low/bottom level as possible because it is pretty much the first thing that one needs to bring up when bringing up a new operating system edition or device before you have all the nice things like frameworks or what those frameworks require to operate. Also it's written in C/C++ which is about as low and bare metal as we can get.
+
+Will this UI enhancement come to other apps on Windows? Almost certainly not. They have too much going on which is both a good and a bad thing. I'm jealous of their ability to just call one method and layout text in an uncomplicated manner in any language without manually calculating pixels or caring about what styles apply to their font. But my manual pixel calculations, dirty region math, scroll region madness, and more makes it so we go faster than them. I'm also jealous that when someone says "hey can you add a status bar to the bottom of your window" that they can pretty much click and drag that into place with their UI Framework and it will just work where as for us, it's been a backlog item forever and gives me heartburn to think about implementing. 
+
+Will we try to keep it from regressing? Yes! Right now it's sort of a manual process. We identify that something is getting slow and then we go haul out [WPR](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/test/wpt/windows-performance-recorder) and start taking traces. We stare down the hot paths and try to reason out what is going on and then improve them. For instance, in the last cycle or two, we focused on heap allocations as a major area where we could improve our end-to-end performance, changing a ton of our code to use stack-constructed iterator-like facades over the underlying request buffer instead of translating and allocating it into a new heap space for each level of processing. 
+
+As an aside, @bitcrazed wants us to automate performance tests in some conhost specific way, but I haven't quite figured out a controlled environment to do this in yet. The Windows Engineering System runs performance tests each night that give us a coarse grained way of knowing if we messed something up for the whole operating system, and they technically offer a fine grained way for us to insert our own performance tests... but I just haven't got around to that yet. If you have an idea for a way for us to do this in an automated fashion, I'm all ears.
+
+If there's anything else you'd like to know, let me know. I could go on all day. I deleted like 15 tangents from this reply before posting it.... 
+
+Original Source: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/327#issuecomment-447391705
+
+## <a name="gfxMsgStack"></a>How are the Windows graphics/messaging stack assembled?
+
+@stakx, I am referring to USER32 and GDI32. 
+
+I'll give you a cursory overview of what I know off the top of my head without spending hours confirming the details. As such, some of this is subject to handwaving and could be mildly incorrect but is probably in the right direction. Consider every statement to be my personal knowledge on how the world works and subject to opinion or error.
+
+For the graphics part of the pipeline (GDI32), the user-mode portions of GDI are pretty far down. The app calls GDI32, some work is done in that DLL on the user-mode side, then a kernel call jumps over to the kernel and drawing occurs. 
+
+The portion that you're thinking of regarding "silently converted to sit on top of other stuff" is probably that once we hit the kernel calls, a bunch of the kernel GDI stuff tends to be re-platformed on top of the same stuff as DirectX when it is actually handled by the NVIDIA/AMD/Intel/etc. graphics driver and the GPU at the bottom of the stack. I think this happened with the graphics driver re-architecture that came as a part of WDDM for Windows Vista. There's a document out there somewhere about what calls are still really fast in GDI and which are slower as a result of the re-platforming. Last time I found that document and checked, we were using the fast ones.
+
+On top of GDI, I believe there are things like Common Controls or comctl32.dll which provided folks reusable sets of buttons and elements to make their UIs before we had nicer declarative frameworks. We don't use those in the console really (except in the property sheet off the right click menu).
+
+As for DirectWrite and D2D and D3D and DXGI themselves, they're a separate set of commands and paths that are completely off to the side from GDI at all both in user and kernel mode. They're not really related other than that there's some interoperability provisions between the two. Most of our other UI frameworks tend to be built on top of the DirectX stack though. XAML is for sure. I think WPF is. Not sure about WinForms. And I believe the composition stack and the window manager are using DirectX as well.
+
+As for the input/interaction part of the pipeline (USER32), I tend to find most other newer things (at least for desktop PCs) are built on top of what is already there. USER32's major concept is windows and window handles and everything is sent to a window handle. As long as you're on a desktop machine (or a laptop or whatever... I mean a classic-style Windows-powered machine), there's a window handle involved and messages floating around and that means we're talking USER32. 
+
+The window message queue is just a straight up FIFO (more or less) of whatever input has occurred relevant to that window while it's in the foreground + whatever has been sent to the window by other components in the system. 
+
+The newer technologies and the frameworks like XAML and WPF and WinForms tend to receive the messages from the window message queue one way or another and process them and turn them into event callbacks to various objects that they've provisioned within their world. 
+
+However, the newer technologies that also work on other non-desktop platforms like XAML tend to have the ability to process stuff off of a completely different non-USER32 stack as well. There's a separate parallel stack to USER32 with all of our new innovations and realizations on how input and interaction should occur that doesn't exactly deal with classic messaging queues and window handles the same way. This is the whole Core* family of things like CoreWindow and CoreMessaging. They also have a different concept of "what is a user" that isn't so centric around your butt in rolling chair in front of a screen with a keyboard and mouse on the desk.
+
+Now, if you're on XAML or one of the other Frameworks... all this intricacy is handled for you. XAML figures out how to draw on DirectX for you and negotiates with the compositor and window manager for cool effects on your behalf. It figures out whether to get your input events from USER32 or Core* or whatever transparently depending on your platform and the input stacks can handle pen, touch, keyboard, mouse, and so on in a unified manner. It has provisions inside it embedded to do all the sorts of globalization, accessibility, input interaction, etc. stuff that make your life easy. But you could choose to go directly to the low-level and handle it yourself or skip handling what you don't care about.
+
+The trick is that GDI32 and USER32 were designed for a limited world with a limited set of commands. Desktop PCs were the only thing that existed, single user at the keyboard and mouse, simple graphics output to a VGA monitor. So using them directly at the "low level" like conhost does is pretty easy. The new platforms could be used at the "low level" but they're orders of magnitude more complicated because they now account for everything that has happened with personal computing in 20+ years like different form factors, multiple active users, multiple graphics adapters, and on and on and on and on. So you tend to use a framework when using the new stuff so your head doesn't explode. They handle it for you, but they handle more than they ever did before so they're slower to some degree.
+
+So are GDI32 and USER32 "lower" than the new stuff? Sort of. 
+Can you get that low with the newer stuff? Mostly yes, but you probably shouldn't and don't want to.
+Does new live on top of old or is old replatformed on the new? Sometimes and/or partially.
+Basically... it's like the answer to anything software... "it's an unmitigated disaster and if we all stepped back a moment, we should be astounded that it works at all." :P
+
+Anyway, that's enough ramble for one morning. Hopefully that somewhat answered your questions and gave you a bit more insight.
+
+Original Source: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/327#issuecomment-447926388
+
+## <a name="fesb"></a>Output Processing between "Far East" and "Western"
+
+> 
+> ```
+> if (WI_IsFlagSet(CharType, C1_CNTRL))
+> ```
+
+In short, this is probably fine to fix.
+
+However, I would personally feed a few characters through `WriteCharsLegacy` under the debugger and assert that your theory is correct first (that multiple flags coming back are what the problem is) before making the change.
+
+I am mildly terrified, less than Dustin, because it is freaking `WriteCharsLegacy` which is the spawn of hell and I fear some sort of regression in it.
+
+In long, why is it fine to fix?
+
+For reference, this particular segment of code https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/blob/9b92986b49bed8cc41fde4d6ef080921c41e6d9e/src/host/_stream.cpp#L514-L539 appears to only be used when the codepoint is < 0x20 or == 0x7F https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/blob/9b92986b49bed8cc41fde4d6ef080921c41e6d9e/src/host/_stream.cpp#L408 and ENABLE_PROCESSED_OUTPUT is off. https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/blob/9b92986b49bed8cc41fde4d6ef080921c41e6d9e/src/host/_stream.cpp#L320
+
+I looked back at the console v1 code and this particular section had a divergence for "Western" countries and "Far East" countries (a geopolitically-charged term, but what it was, nonetheless.)
+
+For "Western" countries, we would unconditionally run all the characters through `MultiByteToWideChar` with `MB_USEGLYPHCHARS` without the `C1_CNTRL` test and move the result into the buffer.
+
+For "Eastern" countries, we did the `C1_CNTRL` test and then if true, we would run through `MultiByteToWideChar` with `MB_USEGLYPHCHARS`. Otherwise, we would just move the original character into the buffer and call it a day.
+
+Note in both of these, there is a little bit of indirection before `MultiByteToWideChar` is called through some other helper methods like `ConvertOutputToUnicode`, but that's the effective conversion point, as far as I can tell. And that's where the control characters would turn into acceptable low ASCII symbols.
+
+When we took over the console codebase, this variation between "Western" and "Eastern" countries was especially painful because `conhost.exe` would choose which one it was in based on the `Codepage for Non-Unicode Applications` set in the Control Panel's Regional > Administrative panel and it could only be changed with a reboot. It wouldn't even change properly when you `chcp` to a different codepage. Heck, `chcp` would deny you from switching into many codepages. There was a block in place to prevent going to an "Eastern" codepage if you booted up in a "Western" codepage. There was also a block preventing you from going between "Eastern" codepages, if I recall correctly.
+
+In modernizing, I decided a few things:
+1. What's good for the "Far East" should be good for the rest of the world. CJK languages that encompassed the "Far East" code have to be able to handle "Western" text as well even if the reverse wasn't true. 
+2. We need to scrub all usages of "Far East" from the code. Someone already started that and replaced them with "East Asia" except then they left behind the shorthand of "FE" prefixing dozens of functions which made it hard to follow the code. It took us months to realize "FE" and "East Asia" were the same thing.
+3. It's obnoxious that the way this was handled was to literally double-define every output function in the code base to have two definitions, compile them both into the conhost, then choose to run down the SB_ versions or the FE_ versions depending on the startup Non-Unicode codepage. It was a massive pile of complex pre-compilation `#ifdef` and `#else`s that would sometimes surround individual lines in the function bodies. Gross.
+4. The fact that the FE_ versions of the functions were way slower than the SB_ ones was unacceptable even for the same output of Latin-character text.
+5. Anyone should be free to switch between any codepage they want at any time and restricting it based on a value from OS startup or region/locale is not acceptable in the modern world.
+6. I concluded by all of the above that I was going to tank/delete/remove the SB_ versions of everything and force the entire world to use the FE_ versions as truth. I would fix the FE_ versions to handle everything correctly, I would fix the performance characteristics of the FE_ versions so they were only slower when things were legitimately more complicated and never otherwise, I would banish all usage of "Far East", "East Asia", "FE_", and "SB_" from the codebase, and codepages would be freely switchable.
+7. Oh. Also, the conhost used to rewrite its entire backing buffer into whatever your current codepage was whenever you switched codepages. I changed that to always hold it as UTF-16.
+
+Now, after that backstory. This is where the problem comes in. It looks like the code you're pointing to that didn't check flags and instead checked direct equality... is the way that it was ALWAYS done for the "Eastern" copy of the code. So it was ALWAYS broken for the "Eastern" codepages and country variants of the OS.
+
+I don't know why the "Eastern" copy was checking `C1_CNTRL` at all in the first place. There is no documentation. I presume it has to do with Shift-JIS or GB-2312 or Unified Hangul or something having a conflict < 0x20 || == 0x7F. Or alternatively, it's because someone wrote the code naively thinking it was a good idea in a hurry and never tested it. Very possible and even probable.
+
+Presuming CJK codepages have no conflict in this range for their DBCS codepages... we could probably remove the check with `GetStringTypeW` entirely and always run everything through `ConvertOutputToUnicode`. More risky than just the flag test change... but theoretically an option as well.
+
+
+Original Source: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/166#issuecomment-510953359
+
+## <a name="backport"></a>Why do we not backport things?
+
+Someone has to prove that this is costing millions to billions of dollars of lost productivity or revenue to outweigh the risks of shipping the fix to hundreds of millions of Windows machines and potentially breaking something. 
+
+Our team generally finds it pretty hard to prove that against the developer audience given that they're only a small portion of the total installed market of Windows machines. 
+
+Our only backport successes really come from corporations with massive addressable market (like OEMs shipping PCs) who complain that this is fouling up their manufacturing line (or something of that ilk). Otherwise, our management typically says that the risks don't outweigh the benefits.
+
+It's also costly in terms of time, effort, and testing for us to validate a modification to a released OS. We have a mindbogglingly massive amount of automated machinery dedicated to processing and validating the things that we check in while developing the current OS builds. But it's a special costly ask to spin up some to all of those activities to validate backported fixes. We do it all the time for Patch Tuesday, but in those patches, they only pass through the minimum number of fixes required to maximize the restoration of productivity/security/revenue/etc. because every additional fix adds additional complexity and additional risk. 
+
+So from our little team working hard to make developers happy, we virtually never make the cut for servicing. We're sorry, but we hope you can understand. It's just the reality of the situation to say "nope" when people ask for a backport. In our team's ideal world, you would all be running the latest console bits everywhere everytime we make a change. But that's just not how it is today.
+
+Original Source: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/279#issuecomment-439179675
+
+## <a name="elevation"></a>Why can't we have mixed elevated and non-elevated tabs in the Terminal?
+
+_guest speaker @DHowett-MSFT_
+
+[1] It is trivial when you are _hosting traditional windows_ with traditional window handles. That works very well in the conemu case, or in the tabbed shell case, where you can take over a window in an elevated session and re-parent it under a window in a non-elevated session.
+
+When you do that, there's a few security features that I'll touch on in [2]. Because of those, you can parent it but you can't really force it to do anything.
+
+There's a problem, though. The Terminal isn't architected as a collection of re-parentable windows. For example, it's not running a console host and moving its window into a tab. It was designed to support a "connection" -- something that can read and write text. It's a lower-level primitive than a window. We realized the error of our ways and decided that the UNIX model was right the entire time, and pipes and text and streams are _where it's at._
+
+Given that we're using Xaml islands to host a modern UI and stitching a DirectX surface into it, we're far beyond the world of standard window handles anyway. Xaml islands are fully composed into a single HWND, much like Chrome and Firefox and the gamut of DirectX/OpenGL/SDL games. We don't **have** components that can be run in one process (elevated) and hosted in another (non-elevated) that aren't the aforementioned "connections".
+
+Now, the obvious followup question is _"why can't you have one elevated connection in a tab next to a non-elevated connection?"_ This is where @sba923 should pick up reading (:smile:). I'm probably going to cover some things that you (@robomac) know already.
+
+[2] When you have two windows on the same desktop in the same window station, they can communicate with eachother. I can use `SendKeys` easily through `WScript.Shell` to send keyboard input to any window that the shell can see.
+
+Running a process elevated _severs_ that connection. The shell can't see the elevated window. No other program at the same integrity level as the shell can see the elevated window. Even if it has its window handle, it can't really interact with it. This is also why you can't drag/drop from explorer into notepad if notepad is running elevated. Only another elevated process can interact with another elevated window.
+
+That "security" feature (call it what you like, it was probably intended to be a security feature at one point) only exists for a few session-global object types. Windows are one of them. Pipes aren't really one of them.
+
+Because of that, it's trivial to break that security. Take the terminal as an example of that. If we start an elevated connection and host it in a _non-elevated_ window, we've suddenly created a conduit through that security boundary. The elevated thing on the other end isn't a window, it's just a text-mode application. It immediately does the bidding of the non-elevated host.
+
+Anybody that can _control_ the non-elevated host (like `WScript.Shell::SendKeys`) _also_ gets an instant conduit through the elevation boundary. Suddenly, any medium integrity application on your system can control a high-integrity process. This could be your browser, or the bitcoin miner that got installed with the `left-pad` package from NPM, or really any number of things.
+
+It's a small risk, but it _is_ a risk.
+
+---
+
+Other platforms have accepted that risk in preference for user convenience. They aren't wrong to do so, but I think Microsoft gets less of a "pass" on things like "accepting risk for user convenience". Windows 9x was an unmitigated security disaster, and limited user accounts and elevation prompts and kernel-level security for window management were the answer to those things. They're not locks to be loosened lightly.
+
+Original Source: https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/632#issuecomment-519375707
+

doc/ORGANIZATION.md

@@ -24,6 +24,16 @@
 * `/ipch` – not checked in is where intellisense data will be generated if you use Visual Studio 2015
 * `/obj` – not checked in is where objects will be generated by the MSBuild system
 * `/src` – This is the fun one. In the root is common build system data.
+	* `/src/cascadia` - This directory contains all the code specific to the Windows Terminal
+		* `/src/cascadia/TerminalConnection` - This DLL is responsible for the various different ways a terminal instance can communicate with different terminal backends. Examples include the `ConptyConnection` (for communicating with Windows Console processes), or the `AzureCloudShellConnection` for communicating with Azure.
+		* `/src/cascadia/TerminalSettings` - This is the DLL responsible for abstracting the settings for both the TerminalCore and the TerminalControl. This provides consumers of the TerminalControl a common interface for supplying settings to the Terminal.
+		* `/src/cascadia/TerminalCore` - This LIB is responsible for the core implementation of a terminal instance. This defines one important class `Terminal` which is a complete terminal instance, with buffer, colors table, VT parsing, input handling, etc. It does _not_ prescribe any sort of UI implementation - it should be connected to code that can handle rendering its contents, and provide input to it.
+		* `/src/cascadia/TerminalControl` - This DLL provides the UWP-XAML implementation of a `TermControl`, which can be embedded within an application to provide a terminal instance within the application. It contains a DX renderer for drawing text to the screen, and translates input to send to the core Terminal. It also receives settings to apply to both itself and the core Terminal.
+		* `/src/cascadia/TerminalApp` - This DLL represents the implementation of the Windows Terminal application. This includes parsing settings, hosting tabs & panes with Terminals in them, and displaying other UI elements. This DLL is almost entirely UWP-like code, and shouldn't be doing any Win32-like UI work.
+		* `/src/cascadia/WindowsTerminal` - This EXE provides Win32 hosting for the TerminalApp. It will set up XAML islands, and is responsible for drawing the window, either as a standard window or with content in the titlebar (non-client area).
+		* `/src/cascadia/CascadiaPackage` - This is a project for packaging the Windows Terminal and its dependencies into an .appx/.msix for deploying to the machine.
+		* `/src/cascadia/PublicTerminalCore` - This is a DLL wrapper for the TerminalCore and Renderer, similar to `TermControl`, which exposes some exported functions that so the Terminal can be used from C#.
+		* `/src/cascadia/WpfTerminalControl` - A DLL implementing a WPF version of the Terminal Control.
 	* `/src/host` – The meat of the windows console host. This includes buffer, input, output, windowing, server management, clipboard, and most interactions with the console host window that aren’t stated anywhere else. We’re trying to pull things out that are reusable into other libraries, but it’s a work in progress
 		* `/src/host/lib` – Builds the reusable LIB copy of the host
 		* `/src/host/dll` – Packages LIB into conhostv2.dll to be put into the OS C:\windows\system32\
@@ -42,7 +52,7 @@
 		* `/src/renderer/base` – Base interface layer providing non-engine-specific rendering things like choosing the data from the console buffer, deciding how to lay out or transform that data, then dispatching commands to a specific final display engine
 		* `/src/renderer/gdi` – The GDI implementation of rendering to the screen. Takes commands to “draw a line” or “fill the background” or “select a region” from the base and turns them into GDI calls to the screen. Extracted from original console host code.
 		* `/src/renderer/inc` – Interface definitions for all renderer communication
-	* `/src/terminal` – Virtual terminal support for the console. This is the sequences that are found in-band with other text on STDIN/STDOUT that command the display to do things. This is the *nix way of controlling a console.
+	* `/src/terminal` – Virtual terminal support for the console. This is the sequences that are found in-band with other text on STDIN/STDOUT that command the display to do things. This is the \*nix way of controlling a console.
 		* `/src/terminal/parser` – This contains a state machine and sorting engine for feeding in individual characters from STDOUT or STDIN and decoding them into the appropriate verbs that should be performed
 		* `/src/terminal/adapter` – This converts the verbs from the interface into calls on the console API. It doesn’t actually call through the API (for performance reasons since it lives inside the same binary), but it tries to remain as close to an API call as possible. There are some private extensions to the API for behaviors that didn’t exist before this was written that we’ve not made public. We don’t know if we will yet or force people to use VT to get at them.
 	* `/src/tsf` – Text Services Foundation. This provides IME input services to the console. This was historically used for only Chinese, Japanese, and Korean IMEs specifically on OS installations with those as the primary language. It was in the summer of 2016 unrestricted to be able to be used on any OS installation with any IME (whether or not it will display correctly is a different story). It also was unrestricted to allow things like Pen and Touch input (which are routed via IME messages) to display properly inside the console from the TabTip window (the little popup that helps you insert pen/touch writing/keyboard candidates into an application)
@@ -90,7 +100,7 @@
 * Assorted utilities and stuff
 	* `Misc.cpp` (left for us by previous eras of random console devs)
 	* `Util.cpp` (created in our era)
-* Custom zeroing and non-throwing allocator 
+* Custom zeroing and non-throwing allocator
 	* `Newdelete.cpp`
 * Related to inserting text into the TextInfo buffer
 	* `Output.cpp`

doc/STYLE.md

@@ -5,3 +5,4 @@
 1. If it's brand new code or refactoring a complete class or area of the code, please follow as Modern C++ of a style as you can and reference the [C++ Core Guidelines](https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines) as much as you possibly can.
 1. When working with any Win32 or NT API, please try to use the [Windows Implementation Library](./WIL.md) smart pointers and result handlers.
 1. The use of NTSTATUS as a result code is discouraged, HRESULT or exceptions are preferred. Functions should not return a status code if they would always return a successful status code. Any function that returns a status code should be marked `noexcept` and have the `nodiscard` attribute.
+1. When contributing code in `TerminalApp`, be mindful to appropriately use C++/WinRT [strong and weak references](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/uwp/cpp-and-winrt-apis/weak-references), and have a good understanding of C++/WinRT [concurrency schemes](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/uwp/cpp-and-winrt-apis/concurrency).

doc/bot.md

@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ We'll be using tags, primarily, to help us understand what needs attention, what
 ### Quick-Guidance to Core Contributors
 1. Look at `Needs-Attention` as top priority
 1. Look at `Needs-Triage` during triage meetings to get a handle on what's new and sort it out
-1. Look at `Needs-Tag-Fix` when you have a few minutes to fix up things tagged impoperly
+1. Look at `Needs-Tag-Fix` when you have a few minutes to fix up things tagged improperly
 1. Manually add `Needs-Author-Feedback` when there's something we need the author to follow up on and want attention if they return it or an auto-close for inactivity if it goes stale.
 
 ### Tagging/Process Details
 1. When new issues arrive, or when issues are not properly tagged... we'll mark them as `Needs-Triage` automatically.
-   - The core contributor team will then come through and mark them up as appropriate. The goal is to have a tag that fits the `Product`, `Area`, and `Issue` category. 
+   - The core contributor team will then come through and mark them up as appropriate. The goal is to have a tag that fits the `Product`, `Area`, and `Issue` category.
    - The `Needs-Triage` tag will be removed manually by the core contributor team during a triage meeting. (Exception, triage may also be done offline by senior team members during high-volume times.)
    - An issue may or may not be assigned to a contributor during triage. It is not necessary to assign someone to complete it.
    - We're not focusing on Projects yet.
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ We'll be using tags, primarily, to help us understand what needs attention, what
    - When this tag drops off, the bot will apply the `Needs-Attention` tag to get the core contribution team's attention again. If an author cares enough to be active, we will attempt to prioritize engaging with that author.
    - If the author doesn't come back around in a while, this will become a `No-Recent-Activity` tag.
    - If there's activity on an issue, the `No-Recent-Activity` tag will automatically drop.
-   - If the `No-Recent-Activity` stays, the issue will be closed as stale. 
+   - If the `No-Recent-Activity` stays, the issue will be closed as stale.
 1. PRs will automatically get a `Needs-Author-Feedback` tag when reviewers wait on the author
    - This follows a similar decay strategy to issues.
    - If the author responds, the `Needs-Author-Feedback` tag will drop.
@@ -33,11 +33,22 @@ We'll be using tags, primarily, to help us understand what needs attention, what
 
 ## Rules
 
+### Triage Shorthand
+- All rules in this category apply to triaging issues. They're shorthand comments that the triage team can use in order to complete the triage process faster. 
+- Only individuals with `Write` or `Admin` privileges on the repository can use these responses.
+
+#### Duplicate Issues
+- When a comment on the thread says `/dup #<issue ID>`...
+1. Reply with a comment explaining that the issue is a duplicate and recommend that the opener and interested parties follow the issue on the listed ID number.
+1. Close the issue
+1. Remove all `Needs-*` tags
+1. Add `Resolution-Duplicate`
+
 ### Issue Management
 
 #### Mark as Triage Needed
 - When an issue doesn't meet triage criteria, applies `Needs-Triage` tag. Right now, this is just when it's opened.
-  
+
 #### Author Has Responded
 - When an issue with `Needs-Author-Feedback` gets an author response, drops that tag in favor of `Needs-Attention` to flag core contributors to drop by.
 
@@ -64,6 +75,14 @@ We'll be using tags, primarily, to help us understand what needs attention, what
 - If an issue is filed matching a pattern that happens all the time (common duplicate phrase, obvious multiple-issues-in-one pattern)...
 - Then close the issue automatically informing the opener that they can resolve the problem and reopen the issue. (See Bug/Feature templates for example situations.)
 
+#### Help ask for Feedback Hub
+- When a comment on the thread says `/feedback`...
+1. Then reply to the issue with a bit of text on asking the author to send us data with Feedback Hub and give us the link.
+1. And add the `Needs-Author-Feedback` tag
+
+#### Remove Help Wanted from In PR issues
+- If an issue gets the `In-PR` tag when a new PR is created, we will remove the `Help-Wanted` tag to avoid someone trying to work on an issue where another person has already submitted a proposed fix.
+
 ### PR Management
 
 #### Codeflow Link *(Disabled)*
@@ -87,16 +106,25 @@ We'll be using tags, primarily, to help us understand what needs attention, what
 #### Auto-Merge pull requests
 - When a pull request has the `AutoMerge` label...
   - If it has been at least 480 minutes and all the statuses pass, merge it in.
-  - Will use Squash merge stratgy
+  - Will use Squash merge strategy
   - Will attempt to delete branch after merge, if possible
   - Will automatically remove the `AutoMerge` label if changes are pushed by someone *without* Write Access.
   - More information on bot-logic that can be controlled with comments is [here](https://github.com/OfficeDev/office-ui-fabric-react/wiki/Advanced-auto-merge)
-  
+
 #### Mark issues with an active PR
 - If there is an active PR for an issue, label that issue with the `In-PR` label
 
 #### Add committed fix tag for completed PRs
 - When a PR is finished and there's no outstanding work left on a linked issue, add the `Resolution-Fix-Committed` label
-  
+
+#### Remove Needs-Second from completed PRs
+- If a PR is closed and it has the `Needs-Second` tag, the bot will remove the tag.
+
+### Release Management
+
+When a release is created, if the PR ID number is linked inside the release description, the bot will walk through the related PR and all of its related issues and leave a message.
+- PR message: "🎉{release name} {release version} has been released which incorporates this pull request.🎉
+- Issue message: 🎉This issue was addressed in #{pull request ID}, which has now been successfully released as {release name} {release version}.🎉"
+
 ## Admin Panel
 [Here](https://fabric-cp.azurewebsites.net/bot/)

doc/building.md

@@ -1,13 +1,38 @@
 
-# How to build Openconsole
+# How to build OpenConsole
 
-Openconsole can be built with Visual Studio or from the command line. There are build scripts for both cmd and powershell in /tools.
+This repository uses [git submodules](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Submodules) for some of its dependencies. To make sure submodules are restored or updated, be sure to run the following prior to building:
+
+```shell
+git submodule update --init --recursive
+```
+
+OpenConsole.sln may be built from within Visual Studio or from the command-line using a set of convenience scripts & tools in the **/tools** directory:
 
 When using Visual Studio, be sure to set up the path for code formatting. This can be done in Visual Studio by going to Tools > Options > Text Editor > C++ > Formatting and checking "Use custom clang-format.exe file" and choosing the clang-format.exe in the repository at /dep/llvm/clang-format.exe by clicking "browse" right under the check box.
 
-## Building with cmd
+### Building in PowerShell
 
-The cmd scripts are set up to emulate a portion of the OS razzle build environment. razzle.cmd is the first script that should be run. bcz.cmd will build clean and bz.cmd should build incrementally.
+```powershell
+Import-Module .\tools\OpenConsole.psm1
+Set-MsBuildDevEnvironment
+Invoke-OpenConsoleBuild
+```
+
+There are a few additional exported functions (look at their documentation for further details):
+
+- `Invoke-OpenConsoleBuild` - builds the solution. Can be passed msbuild arguments.
+- `Invoke-OpenConsoleTests` - runs the various tests. Will run the unit tests by default.
+- `Start-OpenConsole` - starts Openconsole.exe from the output directory. x64 is run by default.
+- `Debug-OpenConsole` - starts Openconsole.exe and attaches it to the default debugger. x64 is run by default.
+- `Invoke-CodeFormat` - uses clang-format to format all c++ files to match our coding style.
+
+### Building in Cmd
+
+```shell
+.\tools\razzle.cmd
+bcz
+```
 
 There are also scripts for running the tests:
 - `runut.cmd` - run the unit tests
@@ -15,15 +40,13 @@ There are also scripts for running the tests:
 - `runuia.cmd` - run the UIA tests
 - `runformat` - uses clang-format to format all c++ files to match our coding style.
 
-## Build with Powershell
+## Running & Debugging
 
-Openconsole.psm1 should be loaded with `Import-Module`. From there `Set-MsbuildDevEnvironment` will set up environment variables required to build. There are a few exported functions (look at their documentation for further details):
+To debug the Windows Terminal in VS, right click on `CascadiaPackage` (in the Solution Explorer) and go to properties. In the Debug menu, change "Application process" and "Background task process" to "Native Only".
 
-- `Invoke-OpenConsolebuild` - builds the solution. Can be passed msbuild arguments.
-- `Invoke-OpenConsoleTests` - runs the various tests. Will run the unit tests by default.
-- `Start-OpenConsole` - starts Openconsole.exe from the output directory. x64 is run by default.
-- `Debug-OpenConsole` - starts Openconsole.exe and attaches it to the default debugger. x64 is run by default.
-- `Invoke-CodeFormat` - uses clang-format to format all c++ files to match our coding style.
+You should then be able to build & debug the Terminal project by hitting <kbd>F5</kbd>.
+
+> 👉 You will _not_ be able to launch the Terminal directly by running the WindowsTerminal.exe. For more details on why, see [#926](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/926), [#4043](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/4043)
 
 ## Configuration Types
 
@@ -33,4 +56,28 @@ Openconsole has three configuration types:
 - Release
 - AuditMode
 
-AuditMode is an experimental mode that enables some additional static analyis from CppCoreCheck.
+AuditMode is an experimental mode that enables some additional static analysis from CppCoreCheck.
+
+## Updating Nuget package references
+Certain Nuget package references in this project, like `Microsoft.UI.Xaml`, must be updated outside of the Visual Studio NuGet package manager. This can be done using the snippet below.
+> Note that to run this snippet, you need to use WSL as the command uses `sed`.
+To update the version of a given package, use the following snippet
+
+`git grep -z -l $PackageName | xargs -0 sed -i -e 's/$OldVersionNumber/$NewVersionNumber/g'`
+
+where:
+- `$PackageName` is the name of the package, e.g. Microsoft.UI.Xaml
+- `$OldVersionNumber` is the version number currently used, e.g. 2.3.191217003-prerelease
+- `$NewVersionNumber` is the version number you want to migrate to, e.g. 2.4.200117003-prerelease
+
+Example usage:
+
+`git grep -z -l Microsoft.UI.Xaml | xargs -0 sed -i -e 's/2.3.191217003-prerelease/2.4.200117003-prerelease/g'`
+
+## Using .nupkg files instead of downloaded Nuget packages
+If you want to use .nupkg files instead of the downloaded Nuget package, you can do this with the following steps:
+
+1. Open the Nuget.config file and uncomment line 8 ("Static Package Dependencies")
+2. Create the folder /dep/packages
+3. Put your .nupkg files in /dep/packages
+4. If you are using different versions than those already being used, you need to update the references as well. How to do that is explained under "Updating Nuget package references".

doc/cascadia/Keybindings-spec.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 ## Abstract
 It should be possible to configure the terminal so that it doesn't send certain keystrokes as input to the terminal, and instead triggers certain actions. Examples of these actions could be copy/pasting text, opening a new tab, or changing the font size.
 
-This spec describes a mechanism by which we could provide a common implementation of handling keyboard shortcuts like these. This common implementation could then be leveraged and extended by the UX implementation as to handle certain callbacks in the UX layer. For example, The TerminalCore doesn't have a concept of what a tab is, but the keymap abstraction could raise an event such that a WPF app could implement creating a new tab in its idomatic way, and UWP could implement them in their own way.
+This spec describes a mechanism by which we could provide a common implementation of handling keyboard shortcuts like these. This common implementation could then be leveraged and extended by the UX implementation as to handle certain callbacks in the UX layer. For example, The TerminalCore doesn't have a concept of what a tab is, but the keymap abstraction could raise an event such that a WPF app could implement creating a new tab in its idiomatic way, and UWP could implement them in their own way.
 
 ## Terminology
 * **Key Chord**: This is any possible keystroke that a user can input

doc/cascadia/SettingsSchema.md

@@ -1,76 +1,195 @@
-# Profiles.json Documentation
-
-## Globals
-Properties listed below affect the entire window, regardless of the profile settings.
-
-| Property | Necessity | Type | Default | Description |
-| -------- | --------- | ---- | ------- | ----------- |
-| `alwaysShowTabs` | _Required_ | Boolean | `true` | When set to `true`, tabs are always displayed. When set to `false` and `showTabsInTitlebar` is set to `false`, tabs only appear after typing <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>T</kbd>. |
-| `defaultProfile` | _Required_ | String | PowerShell guid | Sets the default profile. Opens by typing <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>T</kbd> or by clicking the '+' icon. The guid of the desired default profile is used as the value. |
-| `initialCols` | _Required_ | Integer | `120` | The number of columns displayed in the window upon first load. |
-| `initialRows` | _Required_ | Integer | `30` | The number of rows displayed in the window upon first load. |
-| `requestedTheme` | _Required_ | String | `system` | Sets the theme of the application. Possible values: `"light"`, `"dark"`, `"system"` |
-| `showTerminalTitleInTitlebar` | _Required_ | Boolean | `true` | When set to `true`, titlebar displays the title of the selected tab. When set to `false`, titlebar displays "Windows Terminal". |
-| `showTabsInTitlebar` | Optional | Boolean | `true` | When set to `true`, the tabs are moved into the titlebar and the titlebar disappears. When set to `false`, the titlebar sits above the tabs. |
-| `wordDelimiters` | Optional | String | ` ./\\()\"'-:,.;<>~!@#$%^&*|+=[]{}~?\u2502` | Determines the delimiters used in a double click selection. |
-
-## Profiles
-Properties listed below are specific to each unique profile.
-
-| Property | Necessity | Type | Default | Description |
-| -------- | --------- | ---- | ------- | ----------- |
-| `acrylicOpacity` | _Required_ | Number | `0.5` | When `useAcrylic` is set to `true`, it sets the transparency of the window for the profile. Accepts floating point values from 0-1. |
-| `closeOnExit` | _Required_ | Boolean | `true` | When set to `true`, the selected tab closes when `exit` is typed. When set to `false`, the tab will remain open when `exit` is typed. |
-| `colorScheme` | _Required_ | String | `Campbell` | Name of the terminal color scheme to use. Color schemes are defined under `schemes`. |
-| `commandline` | _Required_ | String | `powershell.exe` | Executable used in the profile. |
-| `cursorColor` | _Required_ | String | `#FFFFFF` | Sets the cursor color for the profile. Uses hex color format: `"#rrggbb"`. |
-| `cursorShape` | _Required_ | String | `bar` | Sets the cursor shape for the profile. Possible values: `"vintage"` ( &#x2583; ), `"bar"` ( &#x2503; ), `"underscore"` ( &#x2581; ), `"filledBox"` ( &#x2588; ), `"emptyBox"` ( &#x25AF; ) |
-| `fontFace` | _Required_ | String | `Consolas` | Name of the font face used in the profile. |
-| `fontSize` | _Required_ | Integer | `10` | Sets the font size. |
-| `guid` | _Required_ | String | | Unique identifier of the profile. Written in registry format: `"{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}"`. |
-| `historySize` | _Required_ | Integer | `9001` | The number of lines above the ones displayed in the window you can scroll back to. |
-| `name` | _Required_ | String | `PowerShell Core` | Name of the profile. Displays in the dropdown menu. |
-| `padding` | _Required_ | String | `0, 0, 0, 0` | Sets the padding around the text within the window. Can have three different formats: `"#"` sets the same padding for all sides, `"#, #"` sets the same padding for left-right and top-bottom, and `"#, #, #, #"` sets the padding individually for left, top, right, and bottom. |
-| `snapOnInput` | _Required_ | Boolean | `true` | When set to `true`, the window will scroll to the command input line when typing. When set to `false`, the window will not scroll when you start typing. |
-| `startingDirectory` | _Required_ | String | `%USERPROFILE%` | The directory the shell starts in when it is loaded. |
-| `useAcrylic` | _Required_ | Boolean | `false` | When set to `true`, the window will have an acrylic background. When set to `false`, the window will have a plain, untextured background. |
-| `background` | Optional | String | | Sets the background color of the profile. Overrides `background` set in color scheme if `colorscheme` is set. Uses hex color format: `"#rrggbb"`. |
-| `colorTable` | Optional | Array[String] | | Array of colors used in the profile if `colorscheme` is not set. Colors use hex color format: `"#rrggbb"`. Ordering is as follows: `[black, red, green, yellow, blue, magenta, cyan, white, bright black, bright red, bright green, bright yellow, bright blue, bright magenta, bright cyan, bright white]` |
-| `cursorHeight` | Optional | Integer | | Sets the percentage height of the cursor starting from the bottom. Only works when `cursorShape` is set to `"vintage"`. Accepts values from 25-100. |
-| `foreground` | Optional | String | | Sets the foreground color of the profile. Overrides `foreground` set in color scheme if `colorscheme` is set. Uses hex color format: `"#rrggbb"`. |
-| `icon` | Optional | String | | Image file location of the icon used in the profile. Displays within the tab and the dropdown menu. |
-| `scrollbarState` | Optional | String | | Defines the visibility of the scrollbar. Possible values: `"visible"`, `"hidden"` |
-| `tabTitle` | Optional | String | | Overrides default title of the tab. |
-
-## Schemes
-Properties listed below are specific to each color scheme. [ColorTool](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/tree/master/src/tools/ColorTool) is a great tool you can use to create and explore new color schemes. All colors use hex color format.
-
-| Property | Necessity | Type | Description |
-| -------- | ---- | ----------- | ----------- |
-| `name` | _Required_ | String | Name of the color scheme. |
-| `foreground` | _Required_ | String | Sets the foreground color of the color scheme. |
-| `background` | _Required_ | String | Sets the background color of the color scheme. |
-| `black` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI black. |
-| `blue` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI blue. |
-| `brightBlack` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright black. |
-| `brightBlue` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright blue. |
-| `brightCyan` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright cyan. |
-| `brightGreen` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright green. |
-| `brightPurple` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright purple. |
-| `brightRed` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright red. |
-| `brightWhite` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright white. |
-| `brightYellow` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright yellow. |
-| `cyan` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI cyan. |
-| `green` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI green. |
-| `purple` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI purple. |
-| `red` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI red. |
-| `white` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI white. |
-| `yellow` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI yellow. |
-
-## Keybindings
-Properties listed below are specific to each custom key binding.
-
-| Property | Necessity | Type | Description |
-| -------- | ---- | ----------- | ----------- |
-| `command` | _Required_ | String | The command executed when the associated key bindings are pressed. |
-| `keys` | _Required_ | Array[String] | Defines the key combinations used to call the command. |
+# Profiles.json Documentation
+
+## Globals
+Properties listed below affect the entire window, regardless of the profile settings.
+
+| Property | Necessity | Type | Default | Description |
+| -------- | --------- | ---- | ------- | ----------- |
+| `alwaysShowTabs` | _Required_ | Boolean | `true` | When set to `true`, tabs are always displayed. When set to `false` and `showTabsInTitlebar` is set to `false`, tabs only appear after typing <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>T</kbd>. |
+| `copyOnSelect` | Optional | Boolean | `false` | When set to `true`, a selection is immediately copied to your clipboard upon creation. When set to `false`, the selection persists and awaits further action. |
+| `copyFormatting` | Optional | Boolean | `false` | When set to `true`, the color and font formatting of selected text is also copied to your clipboard. When set to `false`, only plain text is copied to your clipboard. |
+| `defaultProfile` | _Required_ | String | PowerShell guid | Sets the default profile. Opens by typing <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>T</kbd> or by clicking the '+' icon. The guid of the desired default profile is used as the value. |
+| `initialCols` | _Required_ | Integer | `120` | The number of columns displayed in the window upon first load. |
+| `initialPosition` | Optional | String | `","` | The position of the top left corner of the window upon first load. On a system with multiple displays, these coordinates are relative to the top left of the primary display. If `launchMode` is set to `"maximized"`, the window will be maximized on the monitor specified by those coordinates. |
+| `initialRows` | _Required_ | Integer | `30` | The number of rows displayed in the window upon first load. |
+| `launchMode` | Optional | String | `default` | Defines whether the Terminal will launch as maximized or not. Possible values: `"default"`, `"maximized"` |
+| `rowsToScroll` | Optional | Integer | `system` | The number of rows to scroll at a time with the mouse wheel. This will override the system setting if the value is not zero or "system". |
+| `theme` | _Required_ | String | `system` | Sets the theme of the application. Possible values: `"light"`, `"dark"`, `"system"` |
+| `showTerminalTitleInTitlebar` | _Required_ | Boolean | `true` | When set to `true`, titlebar displays the title of the selected tab. When set to `false`, titlebar displays "Windows Terminal". |
+| `showTabsInTitlebar` | Optional | Boolean | `true` | When set to `true`, the tabs are moved into the titlebar and the titlebar disappears. When set to `false`, the titlebar sits above the tabs. |
+| `snapToGridOnResize` | Optional | Boolean | `false` | When set to `true`, the window will snap to the nearest character boundary on resize. When `false`, the window will resize "smoothly" |
+| `tabWidthMode` | Optional | String | `equal` | Sets the width of the tabs. Possible values: `"equal"`, `"titleLength"` |
+| `wordDelimiters` | Optional | String | <code>&nbsp;&#x2f;&#x5c;&#x28;&#x29;&#x22;&#x27;&#x2d;&#x3a;&#x2c;&#x2e;&#x3b;&#x3c;&#x3e;&#x7e;&#x21;&#x40;&#x23;&#x24;&#x25;&#x5e;&#x26;&#x2a;&#x7c;&#x2b;&#x3d;&#x5b;&#x5d;&#x7b;&#x7d;&#x7e;&#x3f;│</code><br>_(`│` is `U+2502 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL`)_ | Determines the delimiters used in a double click selection. |
+| `confirmCloseAllTabs` | Optional | Boolean | `true` | When set to `true` closing a window with multiple tabs open WILL require confirmation.  When set to `false` closing a window with multiple tabs open WILL NOT require confirmation. |
+
+## Profiles
+Properties listed below are specific to each unique profile.
+
+| Property | Necessity | Type | Default | Description |
+| -------- | --------- | ---- | ------- | ----------- |
+| `guid` | _Required_ | String | | Unique identifier of the profile. Written in registry format: `"{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}"`. |
+| `name` | _Required_ | String | | Name of the profile. Displays in the dropdown menu. <br>Additionally, this value will be used as the "title" to pass to the shell on startup. Some shells (like `bash`) may choose to ignore this initial value, while others (`cmd`, `powershell`) may use this value over the lifetime of the application. This "title" behavior can be overridden by using `tabTitle`. |
+| `acrylicOpacity` | Optional | Number | `0.5` | When `useAcrylic` is set to `true`, it sets the transparency of the window for the profile. Accepts floating point values from 0-1. |
+| `antialiasingMode` | Optional | String | `"grayscale"` | Controls how text is antialiased in the renderer. Possible values are "grayscale", "cleartype" and "aliased". Note that changing this setting will require starting a new terminal instance. |
+| `background` | Optional | String | | Sets the background color of the profile. Overrides `background` set in color scheme if `colorscheme` is set. Uses hex color format: `"#rrggbb"`. |
+| `backgroundImage` | Optional | String | | Sets the file location of the Image to draw over the window background. |
+| `backgroundImageAlignment` | Optional | String | `center` | Sets how the background image aligns to the boundaries of the window. Possible values: `"center"`, `"left"`, `"top"`, `"right"`, `"bottom"`, `"topLeft"`, `"topRight"`, `"bottomLeft"`, `"bottomRight"` |
+| `backgroundImageOpacity` | Optional | Number | `1.0` | Sets the transparency of the background image. Accepts floating point values from 0-1. |
+| `backgroundImageStretchMode` | Optional | String | `uniformToFill` | Sets how the background image is resized to fill the window. Possible values: `"none"`, `"fill"`, `"uniform"`, `"uniformToFill"` |
+| `closeOnExit` | Optional | String | `graceful` | Sets how the profile reacts to termination or failure to launch. Possible values: `"graceful"` (close when `exit` is typed or the process exits normally), `"always"` (always close) and `"never"` (never close). `true` and `false` are accepted as synonyms for `"graceful"` and `"never"` respectively. |
+| `colorScheme` | Optional | String | `Campbell` | Name of the terminal color scheme to use. Color schemes are defined under `schemes`. |
+| `commandline` | Optional | String | | Executable used in the profile. |
+| `cursorColor` | Optional | String | | Sets the cursor color of the profile. Overrides `cursorColor` set in color scheme if `colorscheme` is set. Uses hex color format: `"#rrggbb"`. |
+| `cursorHeight` | Optional | Integer | | Sets the percentage height of the cursor starting from the bottom. Only works when `cursorShape` is set to `"vintage"`. Accepts values from 25-100. |
+| `cursorShape` | Optional | String | `bar` | Sets the cursor shape for the profile. Possible values: `"vintage"` ( &#x2583; ), `"bar"` ( &#x2503; ), `"underscore"` ( &#x2581; ), `"filledBox"` ( &#x2588; ), `"emptyBox"` ( &#x25AF; ) |
+| `fontFace` | Optional | String | `Cascadia Code` | Name of the font face used in the profile. We will try to fallback to Consolas if this can't be found or is invalid. |
+| `fontSize` | Optional | Integer | `12` | Sets the font size. |
+| `foreground` | Optional | String | | Sets the foreground color of the profile. Overrides `foreground` set in color scheme if `colorscheme` is set. Uses hex color format: `#rgb` or `"#rrggbb"`. |
+| `hidden` | Optional | Boolean | `false` | If set to true, the profile will not appear in the list of profiles. This can be used to hide default profiles and dynamically generated profiles, while leaving them in your settings file. |
+| `historySize` | Optional | Integer | `9001` | The number of lines above the ones displayed in the window you can scroll back to. |
+| `icon` | Optional | String | | Image file location of the icon used in the profile. Displays within the tab and the dropdown menu. |
+| `padding` | Optional | String | `8, 8, 8, 8` | Sets the padding around the text within the window. Can have three different formats: `"#"` sets the same padding for all sides, `"#, #"` sets the same padding for left-right and top-bottom, and `"#, #, #, #"` sets the padding individually for left, top, right, and bottom. |
+| `scrollbarState` | Optional | String | `"visible"` | Defines the visibility of the scrollbar. Possible values: `"visible"`, `"hidden"` |
+| `selectionBackground` | Optional | String | | Sets the selection background color of the profile. Overrides `selectionBackground` set in color scheme if `colorscheme` is set. Uses hex color format: `"#rrggbb"`. |
+| `snapOnInput` | Optional | Boolean | `true` | When set to `true`, the window will scroll to the command input line when typing. When set to `false`, the window will not scroll when you start typing. |
+| `source` | Optional | String | | Stores the name of the profile generator that originated this profile. _There are no discoverable values for this field._ |
+| `startingDirectory` | Optional | String | `%USERPROFILE%` | The directory the shell starts in when it is loaded. |
+| `suppressApplicationTitle` | Optional | Boolean | `false` | When set to `true`, `tabTitle` overrides the default title of the tab and any title change messages from the application will be suppressed. When set to `false`, `tabTitle` behaves as normal. |
+| `tabTitle` | Optional | String | | If set, will replace the `name` as the title to pass to the shell on startup. Some shells (like `bash`) may choose to ignore this initial value, while others (`cmd`, `powershell`) may use this value over the lifetime of the application.  |
+| `useAcrylic` | Optional | Boolean | `false` | When set to `true`, the window will have an acrylic background. When set to `false`, the window will have a plain, untextured background. The transparency only applies to focused windows due to OS limitation. |
+| `experimental.retroTerminalEffect` | Optional | Boolean | `false` | When set to `true`, enable retro terminal effects. This is an experimental feature, and its continued existence is not guaranteed. |
+
+## Schemes
+Properties listed below are specific to each color scheme. [ColorTool](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/tree/master/src/tools/ColorTool) is a great tool you can use to create and explore new color schemes. All colors use hex color format.
+
+| Property | Necessity | Type | Description |
+| -------- | ---- | ----------- | ----------- |
+| `name` | _Required_ | String | Name of the color scheme. |
+| `foreground` | _Required_ | String | Sets the foreground color of the color scheme. |
+| `background` | _Required_ | String | Sets the background color of the color scheme. |
+| `selectionBackground` | Optional | String | Sets the selection background color of the color scheme. |
+| `cursorColor` | Optional | String | Sets the cursor color of the color scheme. |
+| `black` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI black. |
+| `blue` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI blue. |
+| `brightBlack` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright black. |
+| `brightBlue` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright blue. |
+| `brightCyan` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright cyan. |
+| `brightGreen` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright green. |
+| `brightPurple` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright purple. |
+| `brightRed` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright red. |
+| `brightWhite` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright white. |
+| `brightYellow` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI bright yellow. |
+| `cyan` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI cyan. |
+| `green` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI green. |
+| `purple` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI purple. |
+| `red` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI red. |
+| `white` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI white. |
+| `yellow` | _Required_ | String | Sets the color used as ANSI yellow. |
+
+## Keybindings
+Properties listed below are specific to each custom key binding.
+
+| Property | Necessity | Type | Description |
+| -------- | ---- | ----------- | ----------- |
+| `command` | _Required_ | String | The command executed when the associated key bindings are pressed. |
+| `keys` | _Required_ | Array[String] | Defines the key combinations used to call the command. |
+| `action` | Optional | String | Adds additional functionality to certain commands. |
+
+### Implemented Commands and Actions
+
+Commands listed below are per the implementation in [`src/cascadia/TerminalApp/AppKeyBindingsSerialization.cpp`](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/blob/master/src/cascadia/TerminalApp/AppKeyBindingsSerialization.cpp).
+
+Keybindings can be structured in the following manners:
+
+For commands without arguments:
+<br>
+`{ "command": "commandName", "keys": [ "modifiers+key" ] }`
+
+For commands with arguments:
+<br>
+`{ "command": { "action": "commandName", "argument": "value" }, "keys": ["modifiers+key"] }`
+
+| Command | Command Description | Action (*=required) | Action Arguments | Argument Descriptions |
+| ------- | ------------------- | ------ | ---------------- | ----------------- |
+| `adjustFontSize` | Change the text size by a specified point amount. | `delta` | integer | Amount of size change per command invocation. |
+| `closePane` | Close the active pane. | | | |
+| `closeTab` | Close the current tab. | | | |
+| `closeWindow` | Close the current window and all tabs within it. | | | |
+| `copy` | Copy the selected terminal content to your Windows Clipboard. | `singleLine` | boolean | When `true`, the copied content will be copied as a single line. When `false`, newlines persist from the selected text. |
+| `duplicateTab` | Make a copy and open the current tab. | | | |
+| `find` | Open the search dialog box. | | | |
+| `moveFocus` | Focus on a different pane depending on direction. | `direction`* | `left`, `right`, `up`, `down` | Direction in which the focus will move. |
+| `newTab` | Create a new tab. Without any arguments, this will open the default profile in a new tab. | 1. `commandLine`<br>2. `startingDirectory`<br>3. `tabTitle`<br>4. `index`<br>5. `profile` | 1. string<br>2. string<br>3. string<br>4. integer<br>5. string | 1. Executable run within the tab.<br>2. Directory in which the tab will open.<br>3. Title of the new tab.<br>4. Profile that will open based on its position in the dropdown (starting at 0).<br>5. Profile that will open based on its GUID or name. |
+| `nextTab` | Open the tab to the right of the current one. | | | |
+| `openNewTabDropdown` | Open the dropdown menu. | | | |
+| `openSettings` | Open the settings file. | | | |
+| `paste` | Insert the content that was copied onto the clipboard. | | | |
+| `prevTab` | Open the tab to the left of the current one. | | | |
+| `resetFontSize` | Reset the text size to the default value. | | | |
+| `resizePane` | Change the size of the active pane. | `direction`* | `left`, `right`, `up`, `down` | Direction in which the pane will be resized. |
+| `scrollDown` | Move the screen down. | | | |
+| `scrollUp` | Move the screen up. | | | |
+| `scrollUpPage` | Move the screen up a whole page. | | | |
+| `scrollDownPage` | Move the screen down a whole page. | | | |
+| `splitPane` | Halve the size of the active pane and open another. Without any arguments, this will open the default profile in the new pane. | 1. `split`*<br>2. `commandLine`<br>3. `startingDirectory`<br>4. `tabTitle`<br>5. `index`<br>6. `profile`<br>7. `splitMode` | 1. `vertical`, `horizontal`, `auto`<br>2. string<br>3. string<br>4. string<br>5. integer<br>6. string<br>7. string | 1. How the pane will split. `auto` will split in the direction that provides the most surface area.<br>2. Executable run within the pane.<br>3. Directory in which the pane will open.<br>4. Title of the tab when the new pane is focused.<br>5. Profile that will open based on its position in the dropdown (starting at 0).<br>6. Profile that will open based on its GUID or name.<br>7. Controls how the pane splits. Only accepts `duplicate` which will duplicate the focused pane's profile into a new pane. |
+| `switchToTab` | Open a specific tab depending on index. | `index`* | integer | Tab that will open based on its position in the tab bar (starting at 0). |
+| `toggleFullscreen` | Switch between fullscreen and default window sizes. | | | |
+| `unbound` | Unbind the associated keys from any command. | | | |
+
+### Accepted Modifiers and Keys
+
+#### Modifiers
+`Ctrl+`, `Shift+`, `Alt+`
+
+#### Keys
+| Type | Keys |
+| ---- | ---- |
+| Function and Alphanumeric Keys | `f1-f24`, `a-z`, `0-9` |
+| Symbols | ``` ` ```, `-`, `=`, `[`, `]`, `\`, `;`, `'`, `,`, `.`, `/` |
+| Arrow Keys | `down`, `left`, `right`, `up`, `pagedown`, `pageup`, `pgdn`, `pgup`, `end`, `home`, `plus` |
+| Action Keys | `tab`, `enter`, `esc`, `escape`, `space`, `backspace`, `delete`, `insert` |
+| Numpad Keys | `numpad_0-numpad_9`, `numpad0-numpad9`, `numpad_add`, `numpad_plus`, `numpad_decimal`, `numpad_period`, `numpad_divide`, `numpad_minus`, `numpad_subtract`, `numpad_multiply` |
+
+## Background Images and Icons
+Some Terminal settings allow you to specify custom background images and icons. It is recommended that custom images and icons are stored in system-provided folders and are referred to using the correct [URI Schemes](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/uwp/app-resources/uri-schemes). URI Schemes provide a way to reference files independent of their physical paths (which may change in the future).
+
+The most useful URI schemes to remember when customizing background images and icons are:
+
+| URI Scheme | Corresponding Physical Path | Use / description |
+| --- | --- | ---|
+| `ms-appdata:///Local/` | `%localappdata%\Packages\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_8wekyb3d8bbwe\LocalState\` | Per-machine files |
+| `ms-appdata:///Roaming/` | `%localappdata%\Packages\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_8wekyb3d8bbwe\RoamingState\` | Common files |
+
+> ⚠ Note: Do not rely on file references using the `ms-appx` URI Scheme (i.e. icons). These files are considered an internal implementation detail and may change name/location or may be omitted in the future.
+
+### Icons
+Terminal displays icons for each of your profiles which Terminal generates for any built-in shells - PowerShell Core, PowerShell, and any installed Linux/WSL distros. Each profile refers to a stock icon via the `ms-appx` URI Scheme.
+
+> ⚠ Note: Do not rely on the files referenced by the `ms-appx` URI Scheme - they are considered an internal implementation detail and may change name/location or may be omitted in the future.
+
+You can refer to you own icons if you wish, e.g.:
+
+```json
+    "icon" : "C:\\Users\\richturn\\OneDrive\\WindowsTerminal\\icon-ubuntu-32.png",
+```
+
+> 👉 Tip: Icons should be sized to 32x32px in an appropriate raster image format (e.g. .PNG, .GIF, or .ICO) to avoid having to scale your icons during runtime (causing a noticeable delay and loss of quality.)
+
+### Custom Background Images
+You can apply a background image to each of your profiles, allowing you to configure/brand/style each of your profiles independently from one another if you wish.
+
+To do so, specify your preferred `backgroundImage`, position it using `backgroundImageAlignment`, set its opacity with `backgroundImageOpacity`, and/or specify how your image fill the available space using `backgroundImageStretchMode`.
+
+For example:
+```json
+    "backgroundImage": "C:\\Users\\richturn\\OneDrive\\WindowsTerminal\\bg-ubuntu-256.png",
+    "backgroundImageAlignment": "bottomRight",
+    "backgroundImageOpacity": 0.1,
+    "backgroundImageStretchMode": "none"
+```
+
+> 👉 Tip: You can easily roam your collection of images and icons across all your machines by storing your icons and images in OneDrive (as shown above).
+
+With these settings, your Terminal's Ubuntu profile would look similar to this:
+
+![Custom icon and background image](../images/custom-icon-and-background-image.jpg)

doc/cascadia/TerminalSettings-spec.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ This spec will outline how various terminal frontends will be able to interact w
 5. Visual Studio should be able to persist and edit settings globally, without
    the need for a globals/profiles structure.
 6. The Terminal should be able to read information from a settings structure
-   that's independant of how it's persisted / implemented by the Application
+   that's independent of how it's persisted / implemented by the Application
 7. The Component should be able to have its own settings independent of the
    application that's embedding it, such as font size and face, scrollbar
    visibility, etc. These should be settings that are specific to the component,
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ Shell Commandline       |
 
 ### Simple Settings
 
-An application like VS might not even care about settings profiles. They should be able to persist the settings as just a singular entity, and change those as needed, without the additional overhead. Profiles will be something that's more specifc to Project Cascadia.
+An application like VS might not even care about settings profiles. They should be able to persist the settings as just a singular entity, and change those as needed, without the additional overhead. Profiles will be something that's more specific to Project Cascadia.
 
 ### Interface Descriptions
 
@@ -228,6 +228,6 @@ I don't like that - if we change the font size, we should just recalculate how m
 ## Questions / TODO
 * How does this interplay with setting properties of the terminal component in XAML?
     * I would think that the component would load the XAML properties first, and if the controlling application calls `UpdateSettings` on the component, then those in-XAML properties would likely get overwritten.
-    * It's not necessary to create the component with a `IComponentSettings`, nor is it necessary to call `UpdateSettings`. If you wanted to create a trivial settings-less terminal component entriely in XAML, go right ahead.
+    * It's not necessary to create the component with a `IComponentSettings`, nor is it necessary to call `UpdateSettings`. If you wanted to create a trivial settings-less terminal component entirely in XAML, go right ahead.
     * Any settings that *are* exposed through XAML properties *should* also be exposed in the component's settings implementation as well.
         * Can that be enforced any way? I doubt it.

doc/cascadia/Unittesting-CppWinRT-Xaml.md

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ original files. You could alternatively put all the source in one directory, and
 have separate `dll/` and `lib/` subdirectories from the source that are solely
 responsible for building their binary.
 
-At this point, you might face some difficulty including the right wimnd
+At this point, you might face some difficulty including the right winmd
 references, especially from other C++/WinRT dependencies for this project that
 exist in your solution. I don't know why, but I had a fair amount of difficulty
 using a `ProjectReference` from a C++/WinRT StaticLibrary to another C++/WinRT
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ project from our `TerminalAppLib` project:
   <ItemGroup>
     <!-- Manually add references to each of our dependent winmds. Mark them as
     private=false and CopyLocalSatelliteAssemblies=false, so that we don't
-    propogate them upwards (which can make referencing this project result in
+    propagate them upwards (which can make referencing this project result in
     duplicate type definitions)-->
 
     <Reference Include="Microsoft.Terminal.Settings">
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ in the dll project's directory.
 
 ### Update the dll project
 
-Now that we havea lib that builds all your code, we can go ahead and tear out
+Now that we have a lib that builds all your code, we can go ahead and tear out
 most of the dead code from the old dll project. Remove all the source files from
 the dll's `.vcxproj` file, save for the `pch.h` and `pch.cpp` files. You _may_
 need to leave the headers for any C++/WinRT types you've authored in this project
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ you want to use any XAML types, then you'll have to keep reading.
 
 ### Using Xaml Types (with XAML Islands)
 
-To be able to instatiate XAML types in your unittest, we'll need to make use of
+To be able to instantiate XAML types in your unittest, we'll need to make use of
 the [XAML Hosting
 API](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/desktop/modernize/using-the-xaml-hosting-api)
 (Xaml Islands). This enables you to use XAML APIs from a Win32 context.

doc/cascadia/profiles.schema.json

@@ -0,0 +1,811 @@
+{
+  "$id": "https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/blob/master/doc/cascadia/profiles.schema.json",
+  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+  "title": "Microsoft's Windows Terminal Settings Profile Schema'",
+  "definitions": {
+    "KeyChordSegment": {
+      "pattern": "^(?<modifier>(ctrl|alt|shift)(?:\\+(ctrl|alt|shift)(?<!\\2))?(?:\\+(ctrl|alt|shift)(?<!\\2|\\3))?\\+)?(?<key>[^\\s+]|backspace|tab|enter|esc|escape|space|pgup|pageup|pgdn|pagedown|end|home|left|up|right|down|insert|delete|(?<!shift.+)(?:numpad_?[0-9]|numpad_(?:period|decimal))|numpad_(?:multiply|plus|add|minus|subtract|divide)|f[1-9]|f1[0-9]|f2[0-4]|plus)$",
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "The string should fit the format \"[ctrl+][alt+][shift+]<keyName>\", where each modifier is optional, separated by + symbols, and keyName is either one of the names listed in the table below, or any single key character. The string should be written in full lowercase.\nbackspace\tBACKSPACE key\ntab\tTAB key\nenter\tENTER key\nesc, escape\tESC key\nspace\tSPACEBAR\npgup, pageup\tPAGE UP key\npgdn, pagedown\tPAGE DOWN key\nend\tEND key\nhome\tHOME key\nleft\tLEFT ARROW key\nup\tUP ARROW key\nright\tRIGHT ARROW key\ndown\tDOWN ARROW key\ninsert\tINS key\ndelete\tDEL key\nnumpad_0-numpad_9, numpad0-numpad9\tNumeric keypad keys 0 to 9. Can't be combined with the shift modifier.\nnumpad_multiply\tNumeric keypad MULTIPLY key (*)\nnumpad_plus, numpad_add\tNumeric keypad ADD key (+)\nnumpad_minus, numpad_subtract\tNumeric keypad SUBTRACT key (-)\nnumpad_period, numpad_decimal\tNumeric keypad DECIMAL key (.). Can't be combined with the shift modifier.\nnumpad_divide\tNumeric keypad DIVIDE key (/)\nf1-f24\tF1 to F24 function keys\nplus\tADD key (+)"
+    },
+    "Color": {
+      "default": "#",
+      "pattern": "^#([A-Fa-f0-9]{6}|[A-Fa-f0-9]{3})$",
+      "type": "string",
+      "format": "color"
+    },
+    "Coordinates": {
+      "pattern": "^(-?\\d+)?(,\\s?(-?\\d+)?)?$",
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "ProfileGuid": {
+      "default": "{}",
+      "pattern": "^\\{[a-fA-F0-9]{8}-[a-fA-F0-9]{4}-[a-fA-F0-9]{4}-[a-fA-F0-9]{4}-[a-fA-F0-9]{12}\\}$",
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "ShortcutActionName": {
+      "enum": [
+        "adjustFontSize",
+        "closePane",
+        "closeTab",
+        "closeWindow",
+        "copy",
+        "decreaseFontSize",
+        "duplicateTab",
+        "moveFocus",
+        "newTab",
+        "nextTab",
+        "openNewTabDropdown",
+        "openSettings",
+        "paste",
+        "prevTab",
+        "resetFontSize",
+        "resizePane",
+        "scrollDown",
+        "scrollDownPage",
+        "scrollUp",
+        "scrollUpPage",
+        "splitPane",
+        "switchToTab",
+        "toggleFullscreen",
+        "find",
+        "unbound"
+      ],
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "Direction": {
+      "enum": [
+        "left",
+        "right",
+        "up",
+        "down"
+      ],
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "SplitState": {
+      "enum": [
+        "vertical",
+        "horizontal",
+        "auto"
+      ],
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "NewTerminalArgs": {
+      "properties": {
+        "commandline": {
+          "description": "A commandline to use instead of the profile's",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "tabTitle": {
+          "description": "An initial tabTitle to use instead of the profile's",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "startingDirectory": {
+          "description": "A startingDirectory to use instead of the profile's",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "profile": {
+          "description": "Either the GUID or name of a profile to use, instead of launching the default",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "index": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "description": "The index of the profile in the new tab dropdown to open"
+        }
+      },
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "ShortcutAction": {
+      "properties": {
+        "action": {
+          "description": "The action to execute",
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/ShortcutActionName"
+        }
+      },
+      "required": [
+        "action"
+      ],
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "AdjustFontSizeAction": {
+      "description": "Arguments corresponding to an Adjust Font Size Action",
+      "allOf": [
+        { "$ref": "#/definitions/ShortcutAction" },
+        {
+          "properties": {
+            "action": { "type": "string", "pattern": "adjustFontSize" },
+            "delta": {
+              "type": "integer",
+              "default": 0,
+              "description": "How much to change the current font point size"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "required": [ "delta" ]
+    },
+    "CopyAction": {
+      "description": "Arguments corresponding to a Copy Text Action",
+      "allOf": [
+        { "$ref": "#/definitions/ShortcutAction" },
+        {
+          "properties": {
+            "action": { "type": "string", "pattern": "copy" },
+            "singleLine": {
+              "type": "boolean",
+              "default": false,
+              "description": "If true, newlines are removed and whitespace is maintained. If false, whitespace is removed and newlines are maintained."
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    "NewTabAction": {
+      "description": "Arguments corresponding to a New Tab Action",
+      "allOf": [
+        { "$ref": "#/definitions/ShortcutAction" },
+        { "$ref": "#/definitions/NewTerminalArgs" },
+        {
+          "properties": {
+            "action": { "type":"string", "pattern": "newTab" }
+          }
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    "SwitchToTabAction": {
+      "description": "Arguments corresponding to a Switch To Tab Action",
+      "allOf": [
+        { "$ref": "#/definitions/ShortcutAction" },
+        {
+          "properties": {
+            "action": { "type": "string", "pattern": "switchToTab" },
+            "index": {
+              "type": "integer",
+              "default": 0,
+              "description": "Which tab to switch to, with the first being 0"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "required": [ "index" ]
+    },
+    "MoveFocusAction": {
+      "description": "Arguments corresponding to a Move Focus Action",
+      "allOf": [
+        { "$ref": "#/definitions/ShortcutAction" },
+        {
+          "properties": {
+            "action": { "type": "string", "pattern": "moveFocus" },
+            "direction": {
+              "$ref": "#/definitions/Direction",
+              "default": "left",
+              "description": "The direction to move focus in, between panes"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "required": [ "direction" ]
+    },
+    "ResizePaneAction": {
+      "description": "Arguments corresponding to a Resize Pane Action",
+      "allOf": [
+        { "$ref": "#/definitions/ShortcutAction" },
+        {
+          "properties": {
+            "action": { "type": "string", "pattern": "resizePane" },
+            "direction": {
+              "$ref": "#/definitions/Direction",
+              "default": "left",
+              "description": "The direction to move the pane separator in"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "required": [ "direction" ]
+    },
+    "SplitPaneAction": {
+      "description": "Arguments corresponding to a Split Pane Action",
+      "allOf": [
+        { "$ref": "#/definitions/ShortcutAction" },
+        { "$ref": "#/definitions/NewTerminalArgs" },
+        {
+          "properties": {
+            "action": { "type": "string", "pattern": "splitPane" },
+            "split": {
+              "$ref": "#/definitions/SplitState",
+              "default": "auto",
+              "description": "The orientation to split the pane in, either vertical (think [|]), horizontal (think [-]), or auto (splits pane based on remaining space)"
+            },
+            "splitMode": {
+              "default": "duplicate",
+              "description": "Control how the pane splits. Only accepts `duplicate` which will duplicate the focused pane's profile into a new pane."
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    "Keybinding": {
+      "additionalProperties": false,
+      "properties": {
+        "command": {
+          "description": "The action executed when the associated key bindings are pressed.",
+            "oneOf": [
+              { "$ref": "#/definitions/AdjustFontSizeAction" },
+              { "$ref": "#/definitions/CopyAction" },
+              { "$ref": "#/definitions/ShortcutActionName" },
+              { "$ref": "#/definitions/NewTabAction" },
+              { "$ref": "#/definitions/SwitchToTabAction" },
+              { "$ref": "#/definitions/MoveFocusAction" },
+              { "$ref": "#/definitions/ResizePaneAction" },
+              { "$ref": "#/definitions/SplitPaneAction" },
+              { "type": "null" }
+            ]
+        },
+        "keys": {
+          "description": "Defines the key combinations used to call the command.",
+          "oneOf": [
+            {
+              "$ref": "#/definitions/KeyChordSegment"
+            },
+            {
+              "items": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/KeyChordSegment"
+              },
+              "minItems": 1,
+              "type": "array"
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      },
+      "required": [
+        "command",
+        "keys"
+      ],
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "Globals": {
+      "additionalProperties": true,
+      "description": "Properties that affect the entire window, regardless of the profile settings.",
+      "properties": {
+        "alwaysShowTabs": {
+          "default": true,
+          "description": "When set to true, tabs are always displayed. When set to false and showTabsInTitlebar is set to false, tabs only appear after opening a new tab.",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "copyOnSelect": {
+          "default": false,
+          "description": "When set to true, a selection is immediately copied to your clipboard upon creation. When set to false, the selection persists and awaits further action.",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "copyFormatting": {
+          "default": false,
+          "description": "When set to `true`, the color and font formatting of selected text is also copied to your clipboard. When set to `false`, only plain text is copied to your clipboard.",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "defaultProfile": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/ProfileGuid",
+          "description": "Sets the default profile. Opens by clicking the '+' icon or typing the key binding assigned to 'newTab'. The guid of the desired default profile is used as the value."
+        },
+        "initialCols": {
+          "default": 120,
+          "description": "The number of columns displayed in the window upon first load.",
+          "maximum": 999,
+          "minimum": 1,
+          "type": "integer"
+        },
+        "initialPosition": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/Coordinates",
+          "description": "The position of the top left corner of the window upon first load. On a system with multiple displays, these coordinates are relative to the top left of the primary display. If launchMode is set to maximized, the window will be maximized on the monitor specified by those coordinates."
+        },
+        "initialRows": {
+          "default": 30,
+          "description": "The number of rows displayed in the window upon first load.",
+          "maximum": 999,
+          "minimum": 1,
+          "type": "integer"
+        },
+        "launchMode": {
+          "default": "default",
+          "description": "Defines whether the Terminal will launch as maximized or not.",
+          "enum": [
+            "maximized",
+            "default"
+          ],
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "rowsToScroll": {
+          "default": "system",
+          "description": "The number of rows to scroll at a time with the mouse wheel. This will override the system setting if the value is not zero or 'system'.",
+          "maximum": 999,
+          "minimum": 0,
+          "type": ["integer", "string"]
+        },
+        "keybindings": {
+          "description": "Properties are specific to each custom key binding.",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Keybinding"
+          },
+          "type": "array"
+        },
+        "theme": {
+          "default": "system",
+          "description": "Sets the theme of the application.",
+          "enum": [
+            "light",
+            "dark",
+            "system"
+          ],
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "showTabsInTitlebar": {
+          "default": true,
+          "description": "When set to true, the tabs are moved into the titlebar and the titlebar disappears. When set to false, the titlebar sits above the tabs.",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "showTerminalTitleInTitlebar": {
+          "default": true,
+          "description": "When set to true, titlebar displays the title of the selected tab. When set to false, titlebar displays 'Windows Terminal'.",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "snapToGridOnResize": {
+          "default": false,
+          "description": "When set to true, the window will snap to the nearest character boundary on resize. When false, the window will resize 'smoothly'",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "tabWidthMode": {
+          "default": "equal",
+          "description": "Sets the width of the tabs.",
+          "enum": [
+            "equal",
+            "titleLength"
+          ],
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "wordDelimiters": {
+          "default": " ./\\()\"'-:,.;<>~!@#$%^&*|+=[]{}~?│",
+          "description": "Determines the delimiters used in a double click selection.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "confirmCloseAllTabs": {
+          "default": true,
+          "description": " When set to `true` closing a window with multiple tabs open WILL require confirmation.  When set to `false` closing a window with multiple tabs open WILL NOT require confirmation.",
+          "type":"boolean"
+        }
+      },
+      "required": [
+        "defaultProfile"
+      ],
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "Profile": {
+      "description": "Properties specific to a unique profile.",
+      "additionalProperties": false,
+      "properties": {
+        "acrylicOpacity": {
+          "default": 0.5,
+          "description": "When useAcrylic is set to true, it sets the transparency of the window for the profile. Accepts floating point values from 0-1 (default 0.5).",
+          "maximum": 1,
+          "minimum": 0,
+          "type": "number"
+        },
+        "antialiasingMode": {
+          "default": "grayscale",
+          "description": "Controls how text is antialiased in the renderer. Possible values are \"grayscale\", \"cleartype\" and \"aliased\". Note that changing this setting will require starting a new terminal instance.",
+          "enum": [
+            "grayscale",
+            "cleartype",
+            "aliased"
+          ],
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "background": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+          "default": "#0c0c0c",
+          "description": "Sets the background color of the profile. Overrides background set in color scheme if colorscheme is set. Uses hex color format: \"#rrggbb\".",
+          "type": ["string", "null"]
+        },
+        "backgroundImage": {
+          "description": "Sets the file location of the Image to draw over the window background.",
+          "type": ["string", "null"]
+        },
+        "backgroundImageAlignment": {
+          "default": "center",
+          "enum": [
+            "bottom",
+            "bottomLeft",
+            "bottomRight",
+            "center",
+            "left",
+            "right",
+            "top",
+            "topLeft",
+            "topRight"
+          ],
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "backgroundImageOpacity": {
+          "description": "(Not in SettingsSchema.md)",
+          "maximum": 1,
+          "minimum": 0,
+          "type": "number"
+        },
+        "backgroundImageStretchMode": {
+          "default": "uniformToFill",
+          "description": "Sets how the background image is resized to fill the window.",
+          "enum": [
+            "fill",
+            "none",
+            "uniform",
+            "uniformToFill"
+          ],
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "closeOnExit": {
+          "default": "graceful",
+          "description": "Sets how the profile reacts to termination or failure to launch. Possible values: \"graceful\" (close when exit is typed or the process exits normally), \"always\" (always close) and \"never\" (never close). true and false are accepted as synonyms for \"graceful\" and \"never\" respectively.",
+          "oneOf": [
+            {
+              "enum": [
+                "never",
+                "graceful",
+                "always"
+              ],
+              "type": "string"
+            },
+            {
+              "type": "boolean"
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        "colorScheme": {
+          "default": "Campbell",
+          "description": "Name of the terminal color scheme to use. Color schemes are defined under \"schemes\".",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "colorTable": {
+          "description": "Array of colors used in the profile if colorscheme is not set. Colors use hex color format: \"#rrggbb\". Ordering is as follows: [black, red, green, yellow, blue, magenta, cyan, white, bright black, bright red, bright green, bright yellow, bright blue, bright magenta, bright cyan, bright white]",
+          "items": {
+            "additionalProperties": false,
+            "properties": {
+              "background": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the background color of the color table."
+              },
+              "black": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI black."
+              },
+              "blue": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI blue."
+              },
+              "brightBlack": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright black."
+              },
+              "brightBlue": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright blue."
+              },
+              "brightCyan": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright cyan."
+              },
+              "brightGreen": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright green."
+              },
+              "brightPurple": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright purple."
+              },
+              "brightRed": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright red."
+              },
+              "brightWhite": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright white."
+              },
+              "brightYellow": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright yellow."
+              },
+              "cyan": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI cyan."
+              },
+              "foreground": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the foreground color of the color table."
+              },
+              "green": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI green."
+              },
+              "purple": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI purple."
+              },
+              "red": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI red."
+              },
+              "white": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI white."
+              },
+              "yellow": {
+                "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+                "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI yellow."
+              }
+            },
+            "type": "object"
+          },
+          "type": "array"
+        },
+        "commandline": {
+          "description": "Executable used in the profile.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "connectionType": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/ProfileGuid",
+          "description": "A GUID reference to a connection type. Currently undocumented as of 0.3, this is used for Azure Cloud Shell"
+        },
+        "cursorColor": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+          "description": "Sets the cursor color of the profile. Overrides cursor color set in color scheme if colorscheme is set. Uses hex color format: \"#rrggbb\"."
+        },
+        "cursorHeight": {
+          "description": "Sets the percentage height of the cursor starting from the bottom. Only works when cursorShape is set to \"vintage\". Accepts values from 25-100.",
+          "maximum": 100,
+          "minimum": 25,
+          "type": ["integer","null"]
+        },
+        "cursorShape": {
+          "default": "bar",
+          "description": "Sets the cursor shape for the profile. Possible values: \"vintage\" ( ▃ ), \"bar\" ( ┃, default ), \"underscore\" ( ▁ ), \"filledBox\" ( █ ), \"emptyBox\" ( ▯ )",
+          "enum": [
+            "bar",
+            "emptyBox",
+            "filledBox",
+            "underscore",
+            "vintage"
+          ],
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "experimental.retroTerminalEffect": {
+          "description": "When set to true, enable retro terminal effects. This is an experimental feature, and its continued existence is not guaranteed.",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "fontFace": {
+          "default": "Cascadia Code",
+          "description": "Name of the font face used in the profile.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "fontSize": {
+          "default": 12,
+          "description": "Sets the font size.",
+          "minimum": 1,
+          "type": "integer"
+        },
+        "foreground": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+          "default": "#cccccc",
+          "description": "Sets the foreground color of the profile. Overrides foreground set in color scheme if colorscheme is set. Uses hex color format: \"#rrggbb\".",
+          "type": ["string", "null"]
+        },
+        "guid": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/ProfileGuid",
+          "description": "Unique identifier of the profile. Written in registry format: \"{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}\"."
+        },
+        "hidden": {
+          "default": false,
+          "description": "If set to true, the profile will not appear in the list of profiles. This can be used to hide default profiles and dynamically generated profiles, while leaving them in your settings file.",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "historySize": {
+          "default": 9001,
+          "description": "The number of lines above the ones displayed in the window you can scroll back to.",
+          "minimum": -1,
+          "type": "integer"
+        },
+        "icon": {
+          "description": "Image file location of the icon used in the profile. Displays within the tab and the dropdown menu.",
+          "type": ["string", "null"]
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "description": "Name of the profile. Displays in the dropdown menu.",
+          "minLength": 1,
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "padding": {
+          "default": "8, 8, 8, 8",
+          "description": "Sets the padding around the text within the window. Can have three different formats: \"#\" sets the same padding for all sides, \"#, #\" sets the same padding for left-right and top-bottom, and \"#, #, #, #\" sets the padding individually for left, top, right, and bottom.",
+          "pattern": "^-?[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)?( *, *-?[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)?|( *, *-?[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)?){3})?$",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "scrollbarState": {
+          "default": "visible",
+          "description": "Defines the visibility of the scrollbar.",
+          "enum": [
+            "visible",
+            "hidden"
+          ],
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "selectionBackground": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+          "description": "Sets the selection background color of the profile. Overrides selection background set in color scheme if colorscheme is set. Uses hex color format: \"#rrggbb\"."
+        },
+        "snapOnInput": {
+          "default": true,
+          "description": "When set to true, the window will scroll to the command input line when typing. When set to false, the window will not scroll when you start typing.",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "source": {
+          "description": "Stores the name of the profile generator that originated this profile.",
+          "type": ["string", "null"]
+        },
+        "startingDirectory": {
+          "description": "The directory the shell starts in when it is loaded.",
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "suppressApplicationTitle": {
+          "description": "When set to true, tabTitle overrides the default title of the tab and any title change messages from the application will be suppressed. When set to false, tabTitle behaves as normal.",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "tabTitle": {
+          "description": "If set, will replace the name as the title to pass to the shell on startup. Some shells (like bash) may choose to ignore this initial value, while others (cmd, powershell) may use this value over the lifetime of the application.",
+          "type": ["string", "null"]
+        },
+        "useAcrylic": {
+          "default": false,
+          "description": "When set to true, the window will have an acrylic background. When set to false, the window will have a plain, untextured background.",
+          "type": "boolean"
+        }
+      },
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "ProfileList": {
+      "description": "A list of profiles and the properties specific to each.",
+      "items": {
+        "$ref": "#/definitions/Profile",
+        "required": [
+          "guid",
+          "name"
+        ]
+      },
+      "type": "array"
+    },
+    "ProfilesObject": {
+      "description": "A list of profiles and default settings that apply to all of them",
+      "properties": {
+        "list": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/ProfileList"
+        },
+        "defaults": {
+          "description": "The default settings that apply to every profile.",
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/Profile"
+        }
+      },
+      "type": "object"
+    },
+    "SchemeList": {
+      "description": "Properties are specific to each color scheme. ColorTool is a great tool you can use to create and explore new color schemes. All colors use hex color format.",
+      "items": {
+        "additionalProperties": false,
+        "properties": {
+          "name": {
+            "description": "Name of the color scheme.",
+            "minLength": 1,
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "background": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the background color of the color scheme."
+          },
+          "black": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI black."
+          },
+          "blue": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI blue."
+          },
+          "brightBlack": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright black."
+          },
+          "brightBlue": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright blue."
+          },
+          "brightCyan": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright cyan."
+          },
+          "brightGreen": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright green."
+          },
+          "brightPurple": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright purple."
+          },
+          "brightRed": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright red."
+          },
+          "brightWhite": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright white."
+          },
+          "brightYellow": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI bright yellow."
+          },
+          "cursorColor": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "default": "#FFFFFF",
+            "description": "Sets the cursor color of the color scheme."
+          },
+          "cyan": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI cyan."
+          },
+          "foreground": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the foreground color of the color scheme."
+          },
+          "green": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI green."
+          },
+          "purple": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI purple."
+          },
+          "red": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI red."
+          },
+          "selectionBackground": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the selection background color of the color scheme."
+          },
+          "white": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI white."
+          },
+          "yellow": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Color",
+            "description": "Sets the color used as ANSI yellow."
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object"
+      },
+      "type": "array"
+    }
+  },
+  "allOf": [
+    { "$ref": "#/definitions/Globals" },
+    {
+      "additionalItems": true,
+      "properties": {
+        "profiles": {
+          "oneOf": [
+            { "$ref": "#/definitions/ProfileList" },
+            { "$ref": "#/definitions/ProfilesObject" }
+          ]
+        },
+        "schemes": { "$ref": "#/definitions/SchemeList" }
+      },
+      "required": [
+        "profiles",
+        "schemes",
+        "defaultProfile"
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}